as our documentary series sanders valley africa to meet the founders, impelling their continent through digital innovation transformer, work at home and living conditions in their country and inspiring world with their ideas. only valley africa watching out of w documentary. ah ah ah, welcome to global 3000 nourishing earth. why fertile soils a key to feeding our growing global population? better housing?

how are africa's cities tackling the challenges of rapid growth and poverty in the land of the champions? how people in argentina coping with a long running crisis comparing prices, hunting for bargains in markets and supermarkets, food is an expensive commodity in argentina, prices, they're almost doubled over the course of a year. for years the country has been mired in economic crisis. on top of this long running droughts have led to wide spread crop failures. around 17000000 people, roughly a 3rd of the population live below the poverty line. annie and ezekiel have got a job to do. armed with charlie, they come through the cities garbage looking for cardboard plastic and anything else they can sell at a recycling plant. here in argentina,

cuts on and off named after the spanish word for cardboard, are a common site. just getting your hands dirty, making an honest living. that's what we teach. our kids money was always tight for the couple. and now devastating the high inflation means they can barely make ends meet that are almost we work every day. and now toys this much again, one south full used to be enough to buy food and but now we need to get some a time and scorching hot on the streets of when osiris. but the woke up gave the country a much needed breath of fresh air. the national football teams triumph in december was an excuse for a party that lasted 3 days. ah, argentina has always been so crazy. but the well cup when unleashed an unprecedented wave of nationwide euphoria,

after the relentless onslaught of bad news, the financial crisis spiraling inflation and the pandemic that was finally something to celebrate and provide encouragement wide some where it was bomb for the soul. wanting forget inflation to get politics. at least now we've got 3 stars i will get. i will know that it gives us heard yet if you fight, you can win and why fighting our team for 2 and one just let you go gentlemen. meaning i don't it doesn't take long to fill up the sack up a little bit ago. yeah, it does. we just got lucky. what so much in one place, a stroke of luck. i'm gonna be similar to what this, what the ca can't carry more than $100.00 kilos of extra weight. the sack, the as

a careless securing on the roof will on them the equivalent of about 15 years. i think we get 40 toe is a poor neighborhood with a high crime rate. it's where diego merit donna grew up a flawed hero of the people. a boy from the slums who rose to super stardom who made mistakes, but stood unconditional love in his legions of fans. in the well cup final, when it looked like argentina might be defeated, annie turned to the late, great, sucking legend and giddy came out of the number 4. i said married donna, wherever you are div something's waterfall centers. you're hung up your body, whatever. i just don't let them full and it, we're actually going to deal with your but the sacks of full. that now comes the hard part. salting out the garbage. they'll be working well into the night.

many of argentina's top football is come from poor neighborhoods. the game is an escape from policy. when darkness full of crowds gather to watch unofficial football tournaments, there's quite a bit of cash at stake at the semi legal events known as portray ross. it's how franco owns his living through betting. that's who i got when i used to work and play, but iron much better now than with a normal draw. and almost how can i get off one end of the per terror circuits is the cradle of argentinian football. it's way play as cut that teeth and when many a discovered law, the cunning, the daring, the, this is where the best players start out. and that was, it was matches on fire. frank, who was once approached by a talent scout to that, didn't have what it takes to go professional. he owns enough. he had to take care

of his son and survived a financial crisis. franco is a local legend, but his income isn't secure. that very well. we lost that we screwed us, doesn't matter when he comes to rosie and we wanted to win, but this time we didn't know it on the massive world. another baking hot day in fury till annie and as a yell are exhausted, they were up separating rubbish until 3 in the morning. but there's no time to rest . they need every pair. so we're off. i will, and i'm going to come up with a lot of people don't realize what hard work this is about, like think we're lay abouts. they don't see what we do as work, but it is 7. and now i'll have to fix this and they're about to head for the recycling yon to see how much they can get for their cardboard. despite the odds they're optimistic. again, let you go, you know,

for me some players are still so young, but they're well champions. josie, why shouldn't my dreams come true? he all my life is hard, but i've got a goal, m. c, football. i have children, grandchildren, neighbors, you, anything's possible to see if with a life these days is harder than ever. but as a kellen annie aren't the kind to complain. ah, today about 1000000000 people live in africa, south of the sahara and says the u. n. that numbers set to double by mid century. in a few years, most africans will also live in urban areas. partly because many people in rural areas are moving there in the hope of a better life. the boom is also fueling a housing crisis. today about half of africa's urban population south of the sahara live in informal settlements. this poses a major challenge for growing cities. as this report from south africa's cape town

shows the township of mussel who millennia cape town has 30000 residents spread across nearly 40 hector's. no zuka lee where is sorting through the wreckage of her home. 2 weeks ago, a fire destroyed 178 shacks. here. homes made of corrugated metal on a wooden frame. sol, so i ran out with not running well, the only thing i have left in my pajamas was my neighbor died in the fire. one of her friends filmed the inferno fires like these are happening more frequently. as the population grows, people are living closer together. and heat waves are also more common because of climate change. dozens of homes also burned down recently in cape towns biggest township calisha and not for the 1st time. architects gloria pivots her and her team from the n. g o e. k. allow me are rebuilding the houses here and that the new

ones are affordable and more durable. and we're here to implement our sink aluminum structure which is why retarded them. i'll talk about am in flood flood with one on and to prevent the other player. by is this one survive the latest fire without a trace? the sheet metal they're using as thick her, so fire can't spread as easily from home to home. economy is funded through donations. it's already built 3500 of these new models. in the closer language kayla me means my home. the n g o wants to help people live in safety and dignity. cedric mays, old corrugated iron heart was replaced a year ago to her long who like to see how things are going. yeah, everything is okay. and her as you can see, the place of rigor progress. what it does is roughly about yes, 9 very beautiful. i was our fund

love, very sure we're here we go. we're clamped by. i listen. oh i conway that is room. yeah. for one room place or one check room. and you know, that king must or more like falling down with a wink come with an overhead diction all get the rain gone through that budget time, but now you live in a beautiful place. my gosh, i don't think to go. cedric may works as a catty on a golf course. his employ agreed to help finance the construction cost of around $1000.00 euros together with economy. this kind of co financing is the basis of economies funding model. was linked with we pre finance as much as we can of the bulls and the employee employees meet us half way. and sometimes employees also partake in that in that perhaps the employer can pay up front and in the employees pay back the employer um at

a rate that suitable to their relationship and their financial reality. the golf course paid back their interest free loan within a year economies housing initiative as part of the project by it collaboration. it helps employers provide, they work as with a better home for the equivalent of about 70 euros a month. these huge demand in formal settlements will dominate africa, cities in the near future. they already home to one in 5 cape town residence. jo bellnick is an urban development advisor. he says fine resistant homes can quickly improve living conditions and townships in times of climate change. summers are hotter the winds on significantly more ferocious or the sketch and always have had heavy winds for now they, they're more sustained and more unpredictable and often much more volatile. and even the in migration of people who are moving from the room in into the cities

is pushed by the fact that sustainability and survivability in the rural areas is being profoundly impacted by the changes in crime. economy isn't only making homes fire resistant together with the urban think tank from e t h 0. the n t o has replaced an entire informal settlement with 2 story homes. the impala shack pilot project has already built more than 70 units. the last ones will be handed over to their new owners. today. k towns deputy maya has arrived. the city council wants to officially honor the new homes and their own is like a good backwash. oh, so you saw it's it's, it's an important mix. the home. yes. the home, it makes the home and it does the you taking friday to know your assets to grow. and currently we have

a population sitting at just about 4800000 people. the data suggested rule. so paul's will come close to 6 will ignore the end of this decade. we need to plan different throughout the game for friday, every near to secure partnerships to respond to the housing for when i, when it's a good place to store in an emergency this st. provides access for fire trucks and ambulances, where corrugated iron huts once stood, crammed together. there are now children playing the project also plans to provide solar power for the neighborhood. looking at a 3 megawatts of solar energy production in the kweisi park alone. ah, and see the potential for i think it's about 2 gigawatts of renewable energy production in kylie cha. initiatives like empower shaq and e. kyle army us still to scarce in south africa where they're desperately needed. petra, people like no zacalo leeway, can't wait for years for

a safe place to live. a nice thing that can get, i'm devastated color was that was my 1st idea and i haven't been sleeping well since my neighbors say that is a big fire every summer. it's become normal here. what was that at times? in the last 3 years, fires and kate, towns in formal settlements have nearly doubled to $5000.00 a year. in must be popularly there worried that if some is keep getting hotter, this is just the beginning. now how can we feed a world of 10000000000 people by 2050 equitably unsustainably? just under 5000000000. hacked as of land are already being used by agriculture. that's around 37 percent of the global land surface by mid century will need to produce about 60 percent more food to ensure that no one goes hungry. in

recent decades, modern agricultural methods of lead to greater harvests. but it's been at the expense of the soil, in many regions of the world, large areas of arable land, and now under threats. and yet a healthy soil is essential for successful harvests and for a healthy planet. right now, these are living on your body. but don't worry, they're supposed to be there, their mike wraps and the planet is covered in them. and there are tons of them in the soil because they literally make fertilizer for plants. these are some of the only things on earth that can do this. we depend on soil for almost all of the food that we eat, and because 90 percent of the planet soil could be degraded by 2050 scientists and even agribusiness think microbes could be key to averting of food crisis. so let's take a journey to the invisible world right under our noses and our feet to see

what happens to soils when microbes get out of whack. we can look back to the 1930s in the united states. settlers replace native grasses with farmland and then intensively tilt which killed microbes and degraded soil after a series of droughts. the damage soil was easily picked up by the wind and turn it to so called black blizzards. millions of tons of top swell just blew away in what came to be known as the dust. although farming methods have changed, somewhat soil degradation is still a global problem. what we are doing basically is destroying the soil and now not renewable for what we have been doing so far within the last 2 and the navy e d u soil out at the strike to grow plan. we've been under valuing them and expecting them to stay healthy, but tilling over using chemicals and climate change are harming or soil. this is

a problem for growing food, as well as resources for clothing in construction. soil is also key to storing carbon and filtering water. to make cells healthy again, we need to start seeing them as what they are. entire ecosystems, teaming with hidden life, all run by my groups. all this under our feet is top soil where most of the insects and microbes live along with plant roots and small animals. one gram of this can contain millions of microbes. and a few worms, healthy soil will have a diversity of my groups. the most common ones are bacteria and fungi. one of their most important jobs is transforming nutrients. every single nutrients, thoughtful on the planet, is mostly driven by microscope. none of these to cycle that really exist in a vacuum. they all interlinked. one of those new chant cycles, as with carbon, plants and animals, i mean mostly carbon. and when they die,

they're broken down. my microbes, no microbes, no d, competition. the microbes use some of the carbon to reproduce, storing it in the soil, and breathe the rest of it out, sending it back to the atmosphere. another nutrients cycle happens with nitrogen, which makes most of the air around us, and is one of the main nutrients plants used to grow. plants can't get it from the air by themselves, so they partner with microbes. and we can find evidence of the nutrients cycle by looking at certain plants like these beans, which are considered nitrogen. fixing the beans create these little root nodules that become home to a certain type of bacteria. in return, they change nitrogen into a form that plants can access. microbes, specifically, fund guy, also exchange other nutrients of plants. the very fine routes called hifi. the intertwined themselves with the roots of the plant. the fungus is really good at releasing things like spots for the site from flow, which is called the plan to get it. so it does the end exchanges that with the plan

in return for things like sugar, which the plant can make tricks. there's also some evidence this relationship makes the plant more able to withstand drought and disease in a degraded soil. these new chain cycles aren't working as well as they could be. climate change is one cause of degrading soils with drought and extreme weather, causing them to dry out in a road intensive. agriculture can be another cause. as pesticides and err, besides kill off beneficial microbes and reduce their activity. the more degraded soil is the more chemicals are needed to grow stuff degrading the soil even further . this whole plot of land was intensively farm for 30 years. and you can really see it in the soil. it's super sandy, dry and degraded. degraded soils also lose their ability to hold and filter water are more susceptible to erosion and have less of those beneficial microbes,

meaning plans don't grow as well. but soil health is about more than just our food security. boyle community health is actually the foundation of all the natural and men is the foundation of something crumble, everything else comes tumbling down and agriculture might actually hold the key to making our soils healthy. again, the same plot of land, not so far from the degraded bit years of regenerative agriculture, has brought back a lot of microbial activity. the soil looks completely different. this farm is a best practice example. no chemicals are used and the soil microbes, arthur riving. just look how beautiful these 2 meters are. know till agriculture, leave soil undisturbed, which allows the microbes living inside the clamps to thrive. specifically those fund guy, high feet, which are important for soil structure. there can be a kilometer of them and a grams,

soil and cover crops planted to leave in the ground, provide micros of carbon to chow down on, as well as producer rosen and nutrient las unfortunately, this kind of farming just isn't possible everywhere. if you can do it, that's, that's the key word ones. but the ball room is the vast amount of areas where the store and the cell grady. then these techniques on multi now to recover the soil in your time. here's your microbes come in, a larger scale. the most common uses is bio fertilizers. they used like chemical base fertilizer if they contain fund guy or bacteria. soil degredation is a big enough threat that bear a company known personally, i will. cultural chemicals is also interested. they are already in the countries by a good alternative is certainly certainly

held to review can be converted to company is also investing in seeds that have been infused with micro because delivering microbes along with seeds is the most targeted way to apply them. seeds can also be planted with a coating of microbes, conservation organizations are using this approach to restore ecosystem. a problem with commercial microbial products is that the microns are not specifically adaptive environment. non native microbes could find it hard to survive, rendering the process useless. and because these are living organisms, they could cause an imbalance in the micro biome. we see something we, we really have to, to taking concentration specially. we found he could be brad faster and they are in the side. even better agrees. because

they doesn't necessarily need automatically, i'm not, i'm not since soils are different around the world. we would ideally develop microbial products for specific regions, but that will take time and more research. unfortunately, our soil health is an emergency. we are going to need. we actually govern the cheapest way to do recovery because we are covering them while we are maintaining the tv. so for large farms, bio fertilizers are a step above chemicals and where possible agriculture that relies on helping native microbes like on this farm, is the way to go. horrible. just have been tracking down. take the snacks again. this time in indonesia, ah shimoda on a multicultural port city on the north coast of java has been shaped by european

chinese arabic and japanese cultures. and that's reflected in it's vibrant cuisine when specialty can be found to buy from tune who's who, dose takeaway, stand lumpy is a kind of sweet or safe re spring robes. to these look p o version was created, went on to him. who said those chinese grandfather and his indonesian grandmother combined their recipes more than 100 years ago. now their grandson runs a snack bar and is sharing the olympia recipe with us. all the room argue that we washing cook the bamboo shoots into their soft at home. then we bring them here and mix them with trimmer design eggs to make the fillings, we'll talk with it all goes into

a large walk where it's quickly stirred and fried. then the mixture is spread onto a length of go. now they have to work quickly. it's very popular with guests with produce 500 leukemia on weekdays and twice as many holidays where i'm a lump ya are served fresh or fried, the price stays the same with before the corona virus pandemic customers used to line up at the stand and right here the, the p a were served with a save re coconut sauce. ah, today the lumpy spring rows are only sold impractical to go boxes. yeah. all of us let i know every time i go to simmering, i have some of these lumpy. it's famous,

a legend to you, i'm about to know that it is a legendary snack with a long tradition. and that sort of from us that global 3000 and this week. thanks for joining us. we'd love to hear from you. so right to us at global 3000 at d, w dot com and come and find us on face. but to d, w global ideas. see you next time, and until then, take kath ah ah, with

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