i'm a killer, asian rice farmers are conducting experiments with more environmentally friendly agricultural methods. e coach india. next on d w. o, what people have to say matters to us. ah, that's why we listen to stories. reporter every weekend on d. w. ah, human interventions have transformed the world, but many hom, the environment demanding a change in always,

the proved it's possible. after global action, the odds was only a is now recovering on e going be ought to be. we look at other damaging habits and ways to kick them. hello, welcome. i'm son with that. now cutting the use of chemicals in products like his pre and refrigerator has helped he the only but who be all reduce our reliance on one of the greatest inventions in history. the electric light bulb, artificial light, floods the night sky, creating problems for people. lance and why life? we took a look in chennai when light pollution is having a big impact. ah ah, as darkness falls across india knight time is when the eastern city of janai is at its brightest. at barnum i thought, i remember only was a crisis like candy,

bizarre and wrangler. nathan street at night it feels like it's day time. it doesn't feel like it's night due to the use of bright artificial light lights. ok. the use of artificial lighting and chimney has gone far beyond what is needed to see and operate in the darkness. instead, it has become a source of light pollution pantheon when even on raw carpet worry more longer. lay like what to lucia? curious when the artificial light created by mankind affects living being. he's pretty hard because they are being it other than my world. marcella, valet pollution of being a little silly areas, danella and i, we can witness light pollution in areas like the town i, airport zip code, monopoly and columbia. do any of these areas will either have a greater population or more activity with the exponential growth of cities has made light levels of problem. there are 4 types of light, pollution, glare light, trespass, clutter,

and sky glue. if our linen ballet foolish, we'll use the portal scale to measure light pollution held on the boca 9, is the highest level 6 die turn. i records a level from 6 to 8 to the light pollution renaissance as might have been wrong. but it's only in the last 150 years. that earth has seen a light source beyond the natural light sources like the sun and the moon. but it's in the last decade that there's been a massive upsurge. light pollution, according to researchers studying its growth, usage of light is hitting unhealthy levels. they see i'm disrupting natural processes. yard order got home and they're not that he murmured. he sees a crow searching for its prey during the night. ha ha. similarly, nobody sees a bat searching for it, right during the day their vehicle were you thought of medical cornelius timings are totally dependent on the like to present in the environment the what if this is

known as circadian rhythm? this cycle is affected by the light outside. yeah. minimally opening of the light pollution is having a huge impact on plants and animals and can have unforeseen consequences in my pocket when he i'll, you would actually up in california hunger the army number already, turtles. while they're eggs, you now see sure and returned to the sea, but i got them available after a number of days. the turtles had shout direct themselves towards the sea and the active lay. it wouldn't be due to the bright light at the sea. sure. the turtles get misled. they walk towards the road before they get killed, we call it up. when we see hundreds, i'd like to get in clear. i know they're going to play and i couldn't. i'm a thought on. they bought the google it. i mean, it's the same with our flight, so probably were not able to see any fire flies in the urban areas. it would go out of a unit, but the reproduction process supply applies is completely dependent on darkness

available with the influence of these artificial lights. doesn't allow miles to meet females either, and so they cannot, might mean and that stops the reproduction process. yeah, the company entire species could become extinct little high light levels are not only having an impact on biodiversity, it can cause health issues such as eyesight problems, headaches, and feelings of stressed. and humans. studies also suggested light pollution can in fact lead to certain kinds of cancer and people if the rate of pollution advances at an alarming rate higher than i'm a good while you're tired of it. and i'm, there's an awareness of my air pollution and even the sound pollution among the people for the water. but there's no understanding of like one pollution among people being available. there is an opinion that the right light looks good, allow them a little. we don't realize that we're both troubling others and putting ourselves in danger. what operating it over to one out of a regular light is not just useful in darkness. it also holds cultural significance

in cities like generally here using prominent lighting to celebrate festivals, events, and functions. is important, so i format in, i mean we can see many footlights being used on the route from marina to royal koran. are these lights are important? i don't deny, elena. there's a flurry of activity over and also for the safety of women and crime prevention is very important can on, but why do we need lights so much? brightness swallow, can only relate that they are. these are common problems in many cities, regulations on commercial lighting, to tackle pollution exist in some countries, but more can be done. see environmentalists, indiana marianna, very low such regulations in india. laser, we need to set regulations and the monitoring system for it. we need to give awareness of like pollution to the people. i see this as the 1st step to controlling the issue by taking action promptly could help human help and preserve

the environment well up not the pollution, the plague. the capital is notoriously in the air. daily is the worst in the country with stock since climbing to poisonous levels. winter after winter to tackle the problem, the city is banking on a shift electric mobility. we had a look around for to see how it's going needs and those mr. i was getting ready for his tech shift of the deed this morning. he delivered milk across delhi this afternoon, its packages for a large delivery service. as always, he get that by electric vehicle or for an electric vehicles and much better than patrol driven by general resident mr. i went around 1800 drivers, employed by electric b logistics. why does the single the founder see the ad on a mission to electrify loss mind delivery services?

that refers to those makers that delivered products from make bread and gadget to pretty much everything that can be purchased online. right to the doorstep. last minute ecosystem was one of the significant contributors for this air pollution crisis. and all the majority that we know you don't do any kind of data is you know, carbon emissions. they have no carbon dioxide emissions at all. demand for foster delivery dimes is growing and businesses are rising to the challenge with many aiming to deliver products. they do not talk to me at $21.00 i will window india commerce market is expected to go to a value of 5 and a half $1000000.00 or $5100000000.00 euros by 2025. but the trend is taking its toll on the environment. the non profit research group standard, recently conducted a survey on the last my emissions of the 6 largest global delivery company. it found that to the last mind delivery emissions in india equaled and estimated

500000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent to the and we'll see you do emissions of more than 100000 metro passenger vehicles. ah, 80 percent of transport emissions is actually emerson emissions in our breathing soon. so which is eyes of been the st. john's for their mission. it could be, you know, commercial transport, personal, private, but more sleep is commotion transport rate, which, which is what is affecting us mostly for, for can fuel combustion. me quality, daily, the cost of any major city in the world. the city's government has introduced campaigns such as switch to tackle the problem the state has now given companies in the cab, ford, and e commerce, delivery sectors and deadline. they need to convert their in diet to electric by april 2030. and we have had very,

very positive results on the uptake of electric, regular decisions. last year, 2020 to 10 percent of new decisions re elected. and in december we touched a point of 16 percent. and in fact, the biggest change is coming in the commercial vehicle segment for last my delivery of goods in 2020 to 60 percent of a because it is turned way electric. so it's a major shift that we are seeing in not just 6 firms. ingal is considered a formidable plan in the green or just the sector. the company handles almost half of the daily base business of grocery giant, amazon fresh and gowns, almost all major e commerce companies as partners. but it's not all plain ceiling. i think the broader challenges that everybody feels right now is the lack of infrastructure in the market. so when you talk about judging of marriage,

when you talk about electrical connections, right? and dealing with this comes, let us tell us nag daily plans on our 30000 charging points in the coming years. currently just under 2500 ad opertitional ah, my interaction to bill, lot of tv lo drivers have been though the lack of charging access where they live drivers who have talked about difficulties in having charging points either installed in their homes or in basements or within the places they live, even if it is not a gated community one company helping to build a workable energy infrastructure for ease is mobility. to saw the charging point problem, it offers up be as you go model, which allows drivers to swap batteries that designated swap points around $250.00

points in the city. ah, they simply for, we did that, the battery from the waco from the electric waco. a discharge by 3 comes into the station. he puts it into the station and hopefully charged by 3 comes out. for the last 2 and a half months, minute off has been using sun mobility slap points twice a day at the walk. i'm more metro station. daily earnings have gone up to about 1000 rupees. that's around 11 euros from when he used to died, who spectral the show while a wide or a lot of ways are no issues like the need to use the cables or wires charging at i'm not normally just come here to the point and use the talk and we'll be charging by then we have a josh 3 already and i think they can charge to between just 10 to 15000000. my god . that's the reason that i'm a lot of what, why they put him in here. but there is still a long way to go. india as energy mix,

which includes $75.00, which in fossil fuels means evie cannot be completely off, andy, but there's still better for the environment than federal power breakers. and the daily authorities are optimistic. the ambitious electric league policy launched in 2028 to ensure that a quarter of all new registrations by 2024 our electric. and meanwhile, e drive was like some torch, missouri are leading the way on a city street. me more than half the world's population relies on rice and daily source of calories go to india. steeple can be on the menu up to 3 times a bit. low growing rice may be good for our health. it's surprisingly bad for the planet. our reporter wanted to know, is that a better way to produce it? ah, bryce is not light on the crop. it was domesticated on 3 separate continents and

has fed hungry civilizations across asia, africa, and south america for thousands of years. across the world where i found the land, a common technique, they found the grain grew better in wet soils and dry one. and when they flooded fields, they found weeds died, but rice survived. that's why even today farmers keep fields flooded for month at a time. and here's what makes rights one of the dirtiest crops we grow. when back here in the soil break down dead plants, they usually release carbon dioxide. but in a flooded field where it can't get in, there's less oxygen to react with the carbon in the organic waste. that encourages the growth of bacteria that make a gas called methane instead. methane doesn't last as long in the air c o 2, but it heat the planet 80 times more over 20 a period. what's more, the nitrogen in the fertilizer means putty spew out nitrous oxide,

which is $270.00 times more powerful than fear 2. if you look at emissions per kilogram, a bowl of rice itself isn't worse than a pork sausage or a block of cheese. but the sheer amount we eat means fixing right could save a ton of pollution the most obvious solution is to drain feels so bacteria don't make me thing across east asia. farmers have dreamed the paddies in the middle of the growing season to save walter at walter's garden, even scarcer. the trying a method of alternatively whitting and drying the puppies. so the rice still has enough water at its roots, but you're just reducing the amount of water that's sitting around and not reduces the amount of methane not being produced in the fields. this is mossey buranski, a scientist cleaning up rights and thailand. so in principle, it's a simple technology and it doesn't require any special machinery. you literally

put a perforated tube, or even a soda can into the ground which shows you the level of the water below the surface. and so you let the field drain naturally until it reaches that level, which is the bottom of the roots of the rice. and then that's when you flood the field. again. this simple trick is half methane emissions on some farm and it saves water that's going increasingly sca. but if intimate and flooding is so great, why and farmers going all right, this way. the 1st reason is changing habits and policies in bangladesh. a recent study found the ultimate wetting and drying has failed to take call, because farmers don't have an economic incentive to save water. they pay for the area of land. they are again, not the amount of water they use. so they see little benefit from using that. the 2nd problem is nitrogen fields where the water content varies over the season,

produce more nitrous oxide than feels that are the wet or dry. that's because wetting and dry and create cracks in the soil that let in oxygen which reacts with nitrogen to form nitrous oxide. using left, let lay the can help avoid this, but trying to still trying to work out how to stop it entirely. but the problem is that you get less rice of the soil, gets to drive one review, found yields fell 5 percent in field that were repeatedly drained and flooded. it doesn't sound like a lot, but it can be life. changing the farm is a simple way to fix this is by wetting a drying fields or any sparingly, instead of flipping from burn dry to. so this means you get to same amount of rice but can still save one quarter of the water. another solution is to boost youth with other techniques. one approach to the system of rice, intensification that has spread around the world. it creates a better environment for growing rice by doing for things. farmers take any the

healthiest seedlings to plant in the paddies. they space some further pot, so they don't fight over nutrients. the wet and dry fields and the chun soil to kill wheat. oh, small hold of farmers have started using the technique which has gained support from governments in countries from india to indonesia. lot, the growing right clearly is just one piece of the puzzle. the hundreds of millions of tons of farm waste is another. and the way farmers usually deal with it is toxic, the both people and the planet. there are only a couple of useful things you can do with rice dro, like turning into animal theodore using it in packaging bite. these are very small scale obligations, but i store what you need to do is somehow use it to make either energy or some library product that can be used on the farm research. this is on a booty but nika, a scientist trying to walk out what to do with the stroke daneen, and that is only 2 weeks. and the greenbelt harvest on nice job and the next

group's egg. so bidding 2 weeks after both collected transported and use it somehow, otherwise it ate. degrade that tight window, mean the cheapest option for the farm as is to just burn it. stubble, dining of the practice that bloss pollutants into the air and chokes and tie cities . the biggest problem here is an even climate change. it's a deadly gases that everybody breathe. one way to fix that is to spray the field with bacteria that break down the straw into mulch. farmers can mix it into the fields to improve the fertility of the soil, which is great for crops. but breaking down the straw takes 3 full weeks until scientists can speed up the process. it'll eat into the planting time. another option is to take the straw out of the field and heated at high temperature to turn it into a dry mass called bio chopped by a char, the porous carbon rich substance that can be mixed into top. so it has tiny holes

that trap water in fat, lighter in the soil, the longer reducing amount farms me to out and it can even be chucked into power plants to replace dirty fuels like cold. it's a promising i do. but setting up a buyer, china history is tricky because the quality of rice drove varies so much that makes it hot for the earned of the reactor to actually sell by your child with consistent properties. when you're talking about any industrial process or any commercial process, we need to ensure uniform quality. like every day they're day run that he acted, i need to get the same quality or better. but if research design out as technical kings, they could create a powerful alternative to binding rice straw. for now though, breaking it down on the fall, maybe the more promising solution fixing rice is a no brainer. it keeps a plant from heating, it saves dwindling, water supplies, cups, air pollution, and it makes a global food system more secure in the face of increasing and extreme weather.

will make the task easier. is that on like me to a dairy this new peak, rice industry lobbying against change and holding back progress. ringback the challenge instead is to change the habits and traditions of farmers around the world who can afford need a lower yields no more extreme weather from one staple to another. that's indispensable. french cuisine, butter, studies. so it's carbon impact can be more than 3 and a half times higher than plant beast. equivalence. who could a we could cross or make the cut. let's get the one from batter's. can of legal croissant without butter, when over the french. never go to the no butter. no, no, no. i don't want to live without butter. no worries them. so that surprises me. paris is burst vegan. pastry ship bethany's lake on takes on the croissant

challenge. just i that vague and croissants can match normal ones. but she plays her bet without considering french butter fans with a kilograms per capita per year. there the world champions and butter consumption. right. that's part of our culture. we love butter. you know, like a must have in french cuisine on ab government letters. french, just like the bag, get elbows by a butter with everything whole made don't do with rise with pasta, we put butter and everything, but the small bottles for the grill. the ingredients are the same as in the original and bow uneasily. cons beacon recipe, except instead of butter, she takes vegetable oil and soi drink instead of cow's milk. the croissant is considered the supreme discipline among beacon bake goods. let that all develop a chimney, but this in the taste of butter is unique and difficult to replay. and the vegetable oil makes the pastry dry out mo, quickly. okay? so you have to adjust the moisture in the yeast dev accordingly. it in as

a slice is ish, when the dough is rolled out, the star of the show is usually butter baronies. let con takes marjorie instead thinly rolled out, it's placed between the dough. the dough is folded over and over again and then rolled out. this is how puff pastry is made. a well off by the close like one to get even classes we use across some cattle. i think when you don't learn that in training, but it just is vast end of it. the classic cross on shape, however, is still done by hand and into the oven. they go, let's see whether the beacon version can convince the butter connoisseurs in paris . baron is laquanta, opened her store in 2017. it was frances burst, big and paste, restore at the time. she wants to appeal to as many people as possible.

beth and get it again for people who are happen at egan may illness classes while no funds. yet, article children with an egg allergy can discover pastries with us in the bathroom . sometimes people throw their arms around me because they haven't had pastries them so long. all like they have, i'm and we have them with no dairy and no eggs. my last off would you? this is also modified. classics are on offer here. macaroni with moran made from chick the water instead of beaten egg whites or lemon tarts with tumour. it instead of egg yolk for colour to answer as i have escal again, what attracts me to vague and baking is the challenge, ankle, when we open 5 years ago, there was almost nothing here. now there are innovative methods and new vegan products. it's odd. the actual, the challenge is to keep the recipes evolving to try manually fall fiscally. and it was that speaking of a challenge,

the cross songs are ready butter versus no butter. because in which one's better to molest good news or places that are included anymore. it's less doughy and crispy, or i prefer this one. if this is better, what can we finish them? the result, 5 to 5. what does the pastry chef say? i said i'm 5050. well, i'm relatively happy with that. uh huh. so it's a draw. perhaps the french are less butter crazy than they themselves believe. well, when intention meets action, even on deeply had beliefs and practices have the potential to change for the better. if you have kicked an old habit to help the environment,

tell us about it on eco india at b w dot com. i'll see you again next week. good bye. and thanks for watching. ah with ah ah, with ah

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