oh, ready? no. welcome to talk about hackers, paralyzing your societies computers. and i know some are you and governments that go crazy for your data. we explain how these technologies work, how they can go in for but how they can also go terribly, watch it now on you to a we all know that it is important to make a good impression. and the clothes you choose say

a lot about what sort of passing you i, i am sandra, twin of you, and today on equal africa, we're going to be looking at a topic that is a very close to my heart fashion. and to mine, to sandra, as you can see that we've been looking into what happens to all the youth clothes, especially the thousands of tons of ship fashion that are thrown away each week. i am crystal omes as this is what else we've got for you to day of the show. the rediscovery of the miracle plant hemp as a facet al raw material. a surprising solution to the waste from to the shells olive oil harvest and the high tech ways in which south africa is protecting hundreds of sha species. recycling clothes is big business as more people get used to change in the luc. often. one problem with these cheap fast fashion is

that it is often so poorly made that it cannot be re used for text or traders in ghana, but millions of old clothes imported from milly. western countries are often more rocks than reaches. almost half gets thrown away, which is clog in our land feeds, beaches and the ocean were met. some people were finding ways to stop that happening. these fashions from the canadian castle, a young, urban and above all mega hip you can look good and take responsibility exam. so that's the message from a cross. young design is like in the shop are full and video behind the non profit label of the revival. your article far and cry may not darzy voice, and joe,

or our design is just our tool, our tool to i'm, and ditch every individual. you know, every global citizen to, to wake up and see and question everything about the crosby way or things w coins human. at this studio in a crop, the 2 men mix different materials and pre loved governments to create something, need used clothes that arrived and gone by. the ton from the u. s. europe and asia are a source of inspiration. as we all know, ah, matures years including on, on by to credible most of them. and then they have a very negative impact on the environment. when is spain, des pullet? so we are trying to deconstruct the idea off what waste to really means when it comes to textile when it comes to fashion. and this is where the men from the

revival source, their materials come until the biggest market for 2nd hand clothing in ghana and across west africa. here's some $30000.00 trade is by salt and re so around $40000.00 tons of clothing each year. i'm going more than 15000000 items change hands each week though due to their poor quality. roughly half of them end up in the trash. i know we got the launch been was day time, hawaii, the korea was that gone? it there was and we get a grease, we get avery, gibbs b. a is not all that good. hey, so you open, it's an o d d. you get rocks. that's given rise to flourishing up cycling business income to monta, where many text i'll mention still try to find, take his with another quantity ways some local initiatives, add a dash of color to faded fabrics to attempt to potential bias. job in

tennis workshops, old clothes, i used to make new ones as cheap clothing becomes more available around the globe. the mountains of 2nd hand textiles keep growing in ghana. what starts as fast fashion soon? winds up here, often strewn on the beaches and in the sea. and because more synthetic 5 is being used in garments the materials with their chemical residues may linger here for centuries. it's a threat that worries fashion activist and environmental research, a harriet and a jumping. i am concerned about the environment. i'm concerned about everybody within their 2nd hand business supply chain because fasfa sion and 2nd ongoing honey hunt. so yeah, i guess and are is polluted apparently. so these are just things that we shoe

stopping a lot more attention to and start consciously developing business modules that actually puts pressure less pressure on them about that. she says we really need to get to the root of the problem. donna's quality controls for 2nd hand clothing imports are in urgent need of improvement. not every one sees cancer, mental as m. m a half for the sourcing of raw material. so i few holding their bronze. their 1st question burns are countable in looking at it, looking at the bigger picture of how i mean their regulations could actually contribute to national so sure, economic development to date in ghana it's been mainly activists or artists like michael guy who's given much thought to how to use the clothing waste that's already in the country. i thought is a b,

she's around dark and people are nearby. and so i took it upon myself to also buy them to create my pieces. i'm natalie for, for their beauty. i'm a so m greeting awareness for day and borrow meant course. you saw tom t o m there martinez that you finding nearby in their beaches, us waste. and they took our got us too. so i muscle and greeting awareness for people to be eco friendly. sheep clothes can even be transformed into art. it's one of the creative ways of dealing with the waste, from fast fashion and pulls up please biodegradable fabrics such as cotton and wool will eventually decompose. but these days, the most used fabric is polyester,

which hangs around us waste on his heart to recycle. you can burn it, which is not good or scientist in england are hoping you can find natural chemical compounds that can eat up the plaster clothing and turn it into something reusable . again. in this laboratory in the british coastal city of portsmouth, researchers are deep freezing articles of clothing. the experiments with liquid nitrogen and polyester shirts are being conducted to deal with an ever worsening problem. obviously with growing population as a growing demand for textiles. and we are either a burgeoning, a waste problem with those textiles when they reach their end of life. so we do, we very rapidly need a solutions to, to deal with the recycling issue. world wide consumers are turning to fast fashion clothes, manufactured at low cost, and with high turnover. a cherished material polyester,

this clothing fiber accounts for 60 percent of what we, where it's a fast drying, durable, and above all cheap fabric. making it very popular in the fast moving clothing industry. but fast fashion clothes are discarded by the tongue in landfills like this one in kenya. and polyester, a synthetic fiber is practically impossible to recycle. but the scientists in portsmouth are harnessing the power of enzymes. so we have a engineer enzymes, a to be capable of tackling the polyester in single use plastic bottles such as this one here. and what we want to do is to see whether the enzymes that can break down these plastic bottles are also able to break down the polyester in fabrics such as this one's frozen in liquid nitrogen. the material is ground into tiny bits

. next those particles are placed in a bio reactor where they're mixed with the enzymes or play. we can think of an enzyme as like almost like a power says. so when we take our plastics, that just like a very long string of different molecules, and then we use our enzymes to cut that string and specific places. so when we do that at the end of the reaction, we have like the soup of different parts of the plastic, which we condense or soccer. i often said different things and then we can react size to either make a new plastic or they can be used in other chemical industries. the researchers in portsmouth have already identified more than 70 enzymes that can break down polyester. a development that will hopefully lead to more sustainability in the clothing industry. in the

room. let's move now to a real material that is used in many different ways and goes by many names, hemp and come. a bees are the best noon we are talking about a plant which has been used any innocent form for hundreds of years for textiles. pepper may be seen energy and oil, but the rise of the drug trade caused tempt to be demonized and criminalized, but deuced at you. these a miracle plant is making a comeback, and that has also its benefits for the environment. goes by, my name's kind of muddy one re ganja and just is diverse. it is named or it's uses. we made our textiles, paper, medicine, energy, oil, all the temp until we started demonizing and criminalizing,

we hammered it down into humanities, head. this is an illegal and massively bad plan temp cultivation start to 12000 and you just go in china. and from there, humans to credit era that sailors used highly durable, hemp for de ropes and sale. so they took the seats with them everywhere because of the root of the 2nd most use material on the ships. it flowers have been used as medicine for thousands of years, as well as in spiritual practices are just simply for pleasure. but then came to dark ages for cannabis. new technologies were invented for cotton, which boosted supplies of fiber trees, replaced hamp as the paper search and later, sales and drove were made with petroleum based synthetics. now the makeup plant is making a comeback. scientists as slowly discourage that. it's jesus can go

val beyond that, you'd have known so far and could help us clean up a lot of industries. a big one is construction. that building and housing industry produces almost 40 percent off, all carbon dioxide emissions. but that might have changed at hemp. he's already in use as an installation metro. but now more and more sustainable construction companies use temp create to build walls and floors to like this 12 floor building made with him freight in south africa, him crate is basically a mixture of hampshire and line line, petrified the him site 7, the great or break it is light, but strong. it is breathable. site regulates moisture and temperature better. that means no energy builds normal and basically man toxic environment. it is fire resistant and due to flexibility can withstand major it's information properties

and also the checks. it says heat sound and humidity insulation, and after its lifetime, hem creed can be reused as fertilizer, as it is totally organic. ah, attempted most not on to produce less carbon then concrete lungs. they're actually carbon negative. that means hem could stores more c o 2 than it requires to make and transport. that is the, the, him carbon storage capacity fiber insulation stores on the net base, more than 50 kilograms of carbon dioxide per cubic meter of insulation. for your reference, the production of glass table or rubble insulation emits over 250 kilograms of carbon dioxide. but the call is in most countries construction regulations are very strict and introducing that new construction material can take years of

testing and bureaucracy. hemp did at the beginning of central, in many countries, we need to give it a new chance and stop putting all these regulations on him. we need to free this up entirely for the industries to really move forward. can also help reduce deforestation until the late 19th century must paper. it was made of hemp, early bibles, and even the drafts of the u. s. declaration of independence were written on hemp. but to day paper is made from trees. and it is one of the biggest drivers of deforestation every year. viola, forests, the size of portugal, 15 percent of all trees be chopped down, are used to make paper. global demand is expected that least doubled. and in some cases, almost triple violet, losing our forests. some companies are more willing to reintroduced hamp into their paper. production. textile industry is a little bit holy grail, the generous league for her for any fiber. it's all said champion politan because

cotton needs a lot of toxic pesticides in water. a heck of him can produce 2 and a half times more fiber than a heck of cut and it can grow up to 5 meters within just 3 to 5 months. fiber is not only better for the environment, but it's strong fibers also make longer lusting textiles. less water, less fertilizer, less than did not pesticides, but stronger and lusting fibers. but there's a catch. if you want to be successful implementing m fiber into the textile industry, we have to modify the hand fiber to the existing text field machinery to go all the way around is not going to happen because the investments to do so. i used to hi, thanks for the patience the textile industry has been facing. companies and researchers have been trying to find out tenants now using enzymes or mechanical

processes. they have found environmental lays to customize and integrate hemp fibers into their existing products. but this is still in the early stages and it will take some time until the industry agrees on the best today to get to know the hamp. this is the 1st problem. hemp is facing in other industries to lack of standard matters because of missing research and development for decades. regulations are still confusing and they change from country to country. these differences plus the fact that my wife steal a controlled substance, care of the investors. but against all odds, globally, industrial, hemp demand was calculated for $1000000000.00 market value to any to anyone. and he's expected to reach almost $17000000000.00 by to any 30 that's something to look out for. indeed. now to another interesting plant, the olive tree, it flourishes in tunisia and housemaid, the north african country,

the largest producer only oil, also the rope in union. but the bountiful harvest produces a lot of organic list that has not proven very useful. and to now find out in this weeks doing gibbet, the la the only service takes place during the cold season. winter's in northern tenicia can be brutal. temperatures can drop down to freezing the country needs fuel for city, but even if there are hardly any forest. there are countless olive groups. tunisia is one of the biggest olive oil producers in the world. the extraction process creates a lot of left of a promise or, or live polled that gave yes seen can give me an idea why not use the pump for heat seems a little bit more like that cuz i had an idea in my head office. i have kept since my childhood revisited because i visited the oil mills with my father flexion

during the extraction of william oil thinking. yeah, i saw there also said the bowman's talk was used for heat central clip off a cookie. it was on so on while as you and then it clicked some sit there and the brick. it's made from olive promise. yes it is a jew engineer who founded the start of buying in 2020. it now produces $150.00 tons of brick. it's every year. the good news is that the eliminate the need for locking because the heating value is 3 times higher than conventional water, brick it and has lower carbon dioxide emissions. pizzeria is i using them in the album because of the good burning properties and hefty been amo, once a hammer has nothing but good things to say. and so money feet are, they are magnificent upon your order, the smell lovely and also provide very good t tree one. china can only freak the success story is affecting locations well

beyond tanisha in the south of france. esteem treme has been powered by a thin kidney fees olive brick. ah, and how about you? if you are also doing your best, tell us about it, visit our website, or send us a two's hash tag doing your bit the we share your stories. hers will help because coastline stretches far more than 3000 kilometers and the waters around it a home to an abundance of marine life, including hundreds of shock species. now, these predators are often verified and feared, but they have rolled in the ocean. ecosystems now recognised as extremely important south africa has been a trail blazer in shock conservation. so let's take

a deeper dive into the innovative tools used to study and also protect these often endangered species. the migrating blue sharks are frequent visitors to the coast of south africa, pacified shy shops and gully shops, a native to it's called forest. these brown seaweeds are home to more than 200 shock species. ah, shock expert ryan daily regularly monitors their activities to conserve shocks. we need to know where they go, where they spend time. so we are tagging the chart to figure out where they go and identify critical habitat for them so that we can improve protection for these critical areas. he and his team fit the shots with acoustic transmitters, so they can track them

a procedure. the shocks barely noticed once they've been tagged, the transmitter emit an ultrasonic pulse for 6 years in the last couple years, have tagged over a 100 shocks, representing about 10 or 12 different species. many of the shocks, aw, dangers. and we hope to find out more about the way they go differently the multiple years. we have identified critical areas for them. over $150.00 receivers are moved along the sea badge to detect the signals from the tag shock. whenever one of them swims by the receiver records, the id number, the signal ranges up to one kilometer. the acoustic receivers are regularly brought onto dry land, so the data they have logged can be evaluated.

we have to work with a big network of collaborators to share data on the receivers. so all of the day we collect on the receiving, it said within a network, and then we able to figure out the way the trucks have been where they've been in the town so that we can prioritize the conservation the program can only work so long as there's broad support for sharp conservation effort from an early age humans are afraid of these ocean printers. shocked populations can only survive if public attitudes to them change and that requires raising awareness by changing them. i say, i believe that i'm changing the world one step at a time. one kid at a time for me. 5, a group of 40 learners and i'm changing the mind of one child, even if it's going to the families and teaching them why shocks. i important that we are making such

a big deal in the media tends to report on sharks mainly when they have been attacked on human at the shock education center in cape town at children can learn about the valuable role. they play in marine ecosystems and get up close with shock, eggs and even teeth. so secretary must pick those on how they actually know and that they're not actually things that we actually do the polluting and by caching conservationists have also equipped and under war to camera with bait. so they can also observe smaller, shy, a sharks that look in the camp forest, off the coastline it lose the amount of hiding allowing the researches to gain useful insights into ocean biodiversity. the collected data is analyzed using a program the team developed to help them assess their findings.

with we've taken some open source machine learning software and trained it on hundreds of images and sharks and fish and all the species that we come across here in false day so that we can use it for detecting the species in videos in the future. their research has already proved highly constructive. there's already more public acceptance of shock conservation and conservation areas . now make up 5 percent of south africa's ocean. environmentalists would like to see that area increase further in order to protect marine ecosystem. well, it's time to return to dry land. i hope you liked the show and held some key takeaways . my name is sandra to interview st. goodbye from comp la, here in uganda. and the bye bye also from me crystal loans in august state nigeria

would love to hear from you on our social media platform. if you have any concept or ideas to shit, take care and see you next week. oh, me ah, a do oh, with

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