top story that we're following for you. ukranian, president volota, mears, the lens key says that the future of his country hinges on the outcomes of the battle of bath moot and the surrounding area. both ukraine and russia are suffering heavy losses there and have described the fighting as tough. next, it is close up with a report on climate change and coastal protection in the netherlands said to stay with us if you can for that. i'm sorry, kelly and berlin, thanks for watching. imagine how many portion of love us her now in the world climate change can be very comp, the story. this is my plastic way from just one week. how much we can really get we still have time to work. i'm doing all

with what 5th researcher and may slogan was among the authors of the u. n's. 2021 climate change report. it's projections for sea level changes were a wake up call for governments and scientists. i guess that was my real realization like, oh wow, this is a very yeah, this is really bad slogan is a climb atalla just to works at the royal netherlands institute for see research sodas tiered boma, an expert in the dynamics of coastal ecosystems whose devised a wave simulator to help improve the country's c defenses, adjusting the country to keep it safe on the long term. we are now at the state said we need to learn how to defend our clothes. their colleague, clos timmons is also committed,

stemming rising sea levels. and when it comes to reducing our carbon footprint, see wheat, he says could be a game changer. ah mm hm. coastal ecologist, teared boma specializes in reinforcing levies or dikes and says there are still valuable lessons to be learned today from the north sea flood of 1953. the devastation back then was more limited in places covered with the marsh grass. around it effectively absorbs energy from incoming waves and dampens their impact, making court grass of acute interest to researchers. no one is she

a picture of it? here you have to she area. and this is the polar which is now being flawless. and what you can see here is the green area shelf, marsh, and here there was no shelf motion from the flood resulted in 2 breaches here, of differing sizes. this fragile looking marsh grass has been shown to provide protection against floods, which due to global warming, are set to increase and both frequency and intensity. thinking. if you live in a low lane, can see like the netherlands, you will never be able to live there without dikes or bits. with sheila for rice and accelerating sea level rise maintenance and constriction of dice will get increasingly more expensive and to be able to keep with the see left and the to keep those of it's sheila, for ice nature can help us a lot

a bit. we should not be dreaming and say, well, we can forget about the engineering, but we have to make smart use of nature and combination with engineering. and you can really see that, that the growing awareness of the problem. it's sheila for ice, also leads to a growing awareness that said there is a need for a transition in how we hope with full of safety. and so there is a growing willingness to to think about alternative solutions in which nature plays an important role. boma uses this wave machine to illustrate the principle to doctoral researchers course of mark levies without court grass erode pastor shopping because she well i was trained as an ecologist,

but i always her birth certificate already on motorcycles and all kinds of technical. and so i like to play with that and very happy at the point when we were designing these that we had a technician that came from industry. it was really good to implemented. so we were discussing how do we get something that makes waived, and it's cheap because we don't want one perfect wave machine we want to have multiple so that we can have replication session variability. so important inequality. so when you, she, she gets the big wave hitting there, and then the wave goes back and reflects of several times. and by that asian metric movement of the way, federal, we get to really realistic, irregular waves. and that's the magic in this book. so the scientists firmly believes that court grass is a viable solution for coastal protection. oh,

the challenge now is how to plant the grass in mudflats without it being washed away by the north sea tides. it may be hard to mention it now. it's completely dry and the water is far away. bitter in 3 hours. sure. from now it will be completely flown with again and 3 hours before it bo, social floating boma and his team have developed an inventive and environmentally friendly construction. for the purpose, a lattice structure made of potato starch. so dish will help a student wide in the marsh, and thereby exactly, yeah. so with a full defense, this is a clear test. that's if we can support the growth of the seedlings early in their

life cycle by securing their routes zone. and we can allow the mature plants to grow much deeper in the title frame, which means that marsh can expand and he longer have more protective benefit for our diets. meanwhile, on the global scale, there's a growing urgency to enhance coastal defenses. and at the same time, slow down climate change and see we could make a notable contribution here among its champions, his eco physiologist class to monitor he c. c. we'd as an excellent meat substitute and it comes with a big advantage. unlike in the meat production industry, the plants emit 0 carbon dioxide points. on the contrary, this is really the basis of the food chain. so, so are organisms like this day, you sold are lights, c,

u 2 and foreign bio mass. so it's is the most simple way of forming bio mass there. they're really on their own. they don't need anything else than that. so it's the most efficient way to produce food. these plants stay grow in salt water. there's plenty of sold. what are they without a shortage of fresh water in many areas and hence about these, these said this bio mass has many characteristic to make for a suitable also to you had this food for human or him. but the problem here is that global warming poses a threat to all organic life, including seaweed, where there are a lot of sea way to forest in the ocean. and with global warming, some of them just disappeared. so i want to know the reason that the disappeared and how much they can disappear to the polar all reducing c o 2 levels is

key to putting the brakes on global warming. to say politically insisting that people abandon meet in favor of seaweed is hardly a feasible idea at the moment. as the scientists from the royal netherlands institute for see research themselves now, the generation and transportation of animal products is an area with scope for reducing greenhouse gases. and here to there is a pioneering project in the netherlands of floating farm in the city of rotterdam. hendrick compton supplements the feet for the resident cows with surplus food from supermarkets, carrots, apples and other unsold produce another contribution to carbon footprint reduction .

the water born farm is based on the concept of maximum sustainability through recycling the manner, but this is gathering all the manner which is inside stable and then it will bring it to one point. and from that point we separated in wet and dry parts and i were to dr. parts, we make smoke pellets, which you can use as a fertilizer in gardens, for example, and the urine. yeah, we process it actually, and then we may clean water off. it's it's, it's quite high tech. it's new. it's also our invention and had to do it like that . and then we can put it back into the harbor. all the water from the roof is collected and as if going had with those pipes here is going down

. it goes to our feller. there we are. we have a system which cleans actually the rainwater. so it gets some at a dust and other parts out. and then from there we pump it up again, and we pump it today to the water reservoirs actually for the house. the floating farm with 37 cows on board supplies, dairy products for 2000 residents and the immediate vicinity. so this milk does not have a sizable carbon footprint from being transported all the way from the country side to the city. the cheeses are stored below the water level in a naturally cool space, which again helps to reduce the farms, carbon emissions. oh, the project has been making headlines far beyond the netherlands borders. do by is interested. floating farms could become a unique dutch export product. but are they really the future?

it's a scenario that the country is already preparing for conventional farming and coastal areas is that particularly high risk from climate change and rising sea levels. despite the extensive network of levy's water from the north sea seeps into the ground water farmer of them, fine horses finds himself fighting of battle on multiple fronts. for the mock a method drove fish along, we get routed periods of, of the last 5 years for were dry at with off the market and that's bad for our product sells in order that i shouldn't. but then you sometimes get severe downpours with a lot of water in a very short time for the interval. and that means having to pump it out with all of you off of wouldn't with, with the resulting deficit in farm production, says clos timmons could be partly compensated by a whole new kind of c b who has the back in the lab at the see research institute, he and a doctoral research are looking at ways of extracting proteins from seaweed. animal

class. the aim is to create supplements and other food products. if you want to extract larger quantities, then you need to buy a refinery procedure. in order to break open the bio mass, so gets proteins can be extracted and by it sounds very easy. how hard can it be? but in practice, turns out to be quite complicated and we're trying new techniques now, for example, using enzymes for marine funky that can break open to bio mass so that the proteins can be released and be concentrated together with his team. he's examining the reproduction cycle of seaweed. after dying, it regenerates through the fusion of female and male units called spores. the science

of growing seaweed is still in its infancy. we can actually bring those together in specific crushes, so their meals and females and we can cross those. and then we can actually cross, for instance, material from here and say, lawns and with material from norway, and to see what effect it has on and on the, on the how, how the copy she looks like. so maybe they grow way bigger. so a farmer has better yields, and maybe they have higher protein content or higher. sure content, for instance, for the bio ethno industry. so, and we actually want to breed force. yeah. specific industry uses the scientists want to increase the harvests of marine farmers like yost vouchers. while the seaweed sector is far more advanced in asia, he sees massive potential for europe to his farm and the village of copper line in

the coastal zealand region supply. see we to the dutch food industry right now. it says there is no she read in the house is behind is old kind of old. our bio moss is growing on the line. so we need to clean them because the lines become too heavy and they take away all the lies and all the nutrients of the series. i think when people began farming and then this a few years ago with thousands of years ago, they also run into things that they find out and, and optimize over time. we had novaire yet. so we need to know, we need to invent little things. we're still every one is walking and see where the still kind of biden. there's

a lot of things possible with theory for human it with see how what we see over the last years is that the demand for see read is growing enormously because siri doesn't need lans. it doesn't, it fertilizes and it doesn't need fresh water. she can feel gross just are tired and needs st. lied and had c o 2. and it needs for the marine nutrients that are in the water. that's all. so to see if there's any, any other resource. well this is the slow present room b. a c. donald disconnect from belgium is a chef and a self styled ambassador of algae. he hosts classes aimed at breaking down people's aversion to the feel and smell of seaweed. he showcases the plant as

a refreshing ingredient in a gin and tonic or a healthy salad. no longer a hope, a one year. every kitchen, every store. after fresh see wheat. i see rita, father is very good for ever everybody special. this one where this is, we have a retreats though, so we call it. and when you riots in and out thing temperature that stays is like an beacon. no omelet, it bacon, we don't. bacon is a future food. see we can be added to everything from gloucester and bread to burger cycles. all another aim of the shaft turned food innovator is to unlock participants creative potential. please aren't you for lead and what is a hearing officer

later with it was designed by the coastal ecologist together with engineers and is one of a kind no never a honda tailored thing. you know, the mobile machine has its own name, the moby wave for them. and you can get out of the way that we get out of the way. i'm, if you think about safety, then also camera, mana began. behold, go shoot aside for say all want cold. okay . what went wrong there, but i'm happy you're sending behind is helping to get off the wheel. the problem was not the wave machine itself but the winch,

but there are no casualties. and the moby wave is also unscathed. the team now pushed the contraption to the edge of a small patch of cord grass before lowering it into the water out of luck. in the days to come, it will help them to study the delicacy plants, properties. lou, amish long and daily commute to the institute, takes her along one of the many dikes lining the dutch coast. the netherlands is a global front runner and coastal protection management. but the scientist warns against being lulled into a false sense of security. for the netherlands, sea level change, i guess is one of the biggest consequences of climate change, or at least one of the, the biggest things we're watching for. because a love, a big part of the country is below sea level. and we have these huge dikes like the

ones we're cycling are now that protect us. this area would be flooded otherwise. and with sea level rise, the risks of flood are increasing. so what our height there, we now see only once in a century, by the end of this century, we will see that say water hides approximately every 2 to 10 years. so all of these water hides are, are increasing. we will see those much more often. ah ah ah, the climate ologist has analyzed a range of studies on global warming and its consequences and concluded that sea levels are likely to rise $25.00 centimeters by the middle of the century. and

that already disturbing estimate is merely the average figure. so in the netherlands, we are in a pretty privileged position. we have money and technologies to help us prepare against sea level rise. even though we are a low lying country, we have a very high protection level, probably the highest in the world for our coastline. but of course, there's other nations that are less rich and have less options to defend our coasts . and on top of that, sea level rise is not the same everywhere. this big regional differences. so if with $25.00 meet centimeters on the global average, there's around the equator, it's typically higher than $25.00 centimeter day. might get 30 centimeters already . and then if you're in a country like bangladesh, which is really low, really poor and doesn't have any protection against sea level rise, they, they are more in trouble. and actually they're paying the price for the,

the development we've already had in the western world. slung and lives near the institute for see research but wants her address to remain undisclosed. she now chooses to publish her insights, only rarely on social media to avoid the hate messages. and worse that she had her fellow researchers have been subjected to colleagues of mine have gotten thread said lots of, of more famous climate change scientists and they, they actually get threats and as even some in the united states, for instance, that have gotten death threats. i'm so really quite severe. i said a real public figures, but in my case it was more like are you're lying, you're selling. it's all not true. it's all. yeah. a bunch of lies.

you're telling me, but there are now projects on the ground or rather in the water, and that if he did the projections of climate scientists. this little neighborhood in amsterdam was born in 2008 years before the u. n's inter governmental panel on climate change recommended building homes on the water. it's a concept with a twofold advantage. there's no disruption to nature. plus, rising water levels are less of an issue for floating settlements. the vulcan, your family, used to live in a regular apartment in a typical, densely populated and concrete clad urban neighborhood. along it all started to be one person, me on the block, see use a friend of us. and she had a dream of living in a sustainable of the grid,

floating neighborhoods. and i then, with a group of friends, we went to the local authorities. amsterdam be asked, can we build summer in the water? this is our dream and everybody build his own house. like i'm an architect's, it for me, it was a double dream. so it was a dream to live in a group of friends and her in our own images of projects, but also to design within the project. our own house. the neighborhood is now home to over 140 people and generates a significantly lower carbon footprint than conventional housing. we have like electricity panels on top. we have like a smart grid system where you have everything altogether. we collect the electricity and we do fight it for every households. we have eating panels for heating the water. it's also done by the song. and we are recollect

nutrition. so out of the loop and p, we so we have a black water system that's all our black. what goes into a bio gas station fact that the field experiment headed by tiered boma, the team is now taking the opportunity during low tide to set up a tank for testing the weight machine. right? the walls need to be firmly anchored record due to the enormous forces. the simulator will be subjected to by the tides. also f o, a flex with and with high tide due in just a couple of hours, there's no time to lose. again

with the water arrives quietly but steadily on the moby wave, t managed to get set up in time. they've also attached sensors to the test tank which are connected with their computer, enabling them to gather data for an hire with it's now time to turn on the machine. the simulated waves in the test tank will provide the researchers with insights into the impact of the waves on the court grass. when you don't want to use a so much for coastal defense, you also need to know how far they can grow. and i, well,

one of the mechanisms that they can retreat again is due to play formation. so when your mice gets emotion on the title flats, because it's very vulnerable to erosion, the salt much, they stable, you can get the height difference. and when this high difference becomes too big, you get that lift, that's will say that for a long time, and the cliff erodes backwards. so if you want to know, well, if you want to really be able to use so much for go, so defense years, well to know exactly which conditions while these kind of fat processes may happen, sea levels are rising as the climate continues to heat up with temperatures already a full degree celsius higher than in the pre industrial era. a further increase of 2 or 3 degrees would see extreme weather conditions becoming increasingly fierce and frequent a potential problem even for the world's leading sci defense system. i think that it's delta is one of the best defend the delta in the world. so if we talk about

today and the coming at 2030 year says no problem with given the long term and well, a strategies of adjusting the country to keep it safe. from the long term, we're now at the states that we need to learn how to defend our coast from a, let's say, well, a 2050 to 2100. if we will wait till then to do this kind of re shirts. well then there is time left to adjust to the system because we look at the nature based defense her and creating a marsh in front of a dye to help defend the dike. this will take time because the plants have to trap the sediment and it has to grow with the she level. and that's, that's a slow process. so you have to start early enough with the knowledge development. ah

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