does this more on our website d, w dot com? ah, ah, for the sort of knows that berlin is like the trans queer city. ah, the terms under didn't really come into existence until the middle of the 20th century. this been my west. berlin really was a safe haven back then. that's true. you could live here without being bothered with the vibrant cosmopolitan city of berlin. attracts l g, b t q i, people from around the world, including trans people. the transgender community has become increasingly visible

in recent years. a blue trans people have always existed around the globe in every culture. ready berlin has played a key role in trans history for more than a century. now, people come to the city from around the world so they can lead lives unconstrained by gender roles or conservative sexual norms. according to the city authorities, berlin is home to between 2 and 300000 queer plan. many of them identify as trans or intersects many places, catered at a map of relevant venues on its online portal. because the euler d e advice centers, specialist doctors, hundreds of party locations and cafes. we're taking you on a 4 chapter journey through berlin's queer past and present one that explores one

why trans asterisk people from around the globe come to berlin to day to how a scientific pioneer challenged prevailing sexual gnomes more than a century ago. 3, how berlin achieved culture and for what life is like for trans people in berlin to day and what problems they encounter. but what does being trans morris bond to the heterosexual norm? is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity differs from the sex that they were assigned at birth. ah, well then there is a huge range. there are some people who identify themselves, trans man or trans woman. and then we called this. they fit into gender binary and some people don't even defy with male or female gender. and they defend themselves,

for example as number and eric chapter one. so why do trans asterisk people would around the globe flock to berlin and we asked 2 young members of the trans community who have moved to the german capital. felicia maletchko, a tour guide in berlin's gay museum, which focuses on l. g, b, t q. i'd themes and culture and holden, my dog, a me, an opera singer from the u. s. who has put down roots in berlin again. tyler, mont compton. tish bon is fish. out of us. come to yard st. landsey. my name is hold him the dog, me, and i moved to termini in 2013 because germany has about a 3rd of the world's opera. and i am treasure under. i felt comfortable sort of relaxing myself as a trans person in berlin. hi, my name is felicia my pronouns. are she her? and i'm a transgender activist and tour guide in berlin. i came out in 2016 so 6 years ago

and coming out of us very mixed experience at a very positive experiences here in berlin, in the communities in space, i was moving in. the area was studying and the friends i had the social circles. i have most of that was very positive. felicia, again transitioning in 2015 at the age of 20. she came to berlin because she wanted to live in a city where she could come out as trans. holden came to berlin from the united states for work, but it wasn't just a career move. there were also some highly personal reasons for the relocation. i think what attracts it trans and queer people internationally to come to berlin is partially that there's a big, big community here already. and everybody sort of knows that berlin has like the trans queer city, like it has that international reputation for it already. when i think also because i don't want to call it a utopia, but it, it because it's not necessarily utopia,

but it's like berlin is a really great place to be trans and queer, feels really, really safe. and i think a lot of the world is not safe. and so i think a lot of trans people come here because they know basically they're going to be safe. and, and if they come from really oppressive countries or oppressive places, bob, it's going to be so much better here. i think that's a major part of it. there are huge opportunities for trans people here. there is a chance for community just in places like this is we are at now are in other community spaces all across the city. things trans people in the rest of germany often don't have, don't have to that degree. which is the reason why many trans people moved to berlin in order to live their life. where lin 1st became a queer haven over a century ago, that long history has helped give to days city its colorful and inclusive reputation. but the terms we use now to describe queer people are comparatively new

. the term transgender didn't really come into existence until the middle of the 20th century. was not to say that people weren't experiencing discomfort and marathon gender dysphoria or feeling a desire to express gender more broadly or more or differently than than society. i would have wanted or expected. oh, tempted to have a pioneer challenge, sexual norms more than a 100 years ago. oh, berlin became internationally famous in the early 20th century for its hedonistic decadent night life. but it was also where the 1st groundbreaking research on sexuality and gender identity was conducted. and the 1st sex reassignment surgery, magnus, her spelled, was the driving force. he was a pioneer at sexology and one of the 1st people to scientifically investigate,

sexual and gender identities. in 1919, he set up the institute for sexual science in berlin. he coined the now outdated term transvestite for people who described themselves as trans asterisk today. he actually researched the entire spectrum of gender identity and sexuality. he assisted people in his practice as a doctor to try to come to terms. he gave people vocabulary about what they were experiencing, and he offered actual assistance in the case of, for example, of trans men and women. he helped them with, with early on gender confirmation surgery with homeland therapy with 6 surgery, with practical measures like, ah, hair movable. so he really didn't make a difference in all other people's lives. by james conway is the translator

of berlin's 3rd sex, written by magnus hair, spelled. it was published at the start of the 20th century. and was one of the 1st works about berlin's queer subculture he ish failed, was himself part of this community, and wrote about venues like the queer night club in cabaret el dorado. it was later targeted by the nazis before that berlin was a place of freedom and experimentation in the viola era. you have really elva who is known to us through the um, the book and the film, the danish girl, the movie, the danish girl from the year 2015 re tells the story of lily albert, the danish trans person, an artist with a media sensation. she was one of the 1st intersects people to undergo gender reassignment surgery. in 1930, she came to germany for the procedure he overcame from denmark and consult with bruce uncles,

his throat hound. he guided her through tender confirmation. surgery madness her spelled wasn't just a doctor. and a scientist, he was an activist campaigning for the rights of queer people. this campaign included a revolutionary regulation in berlin from the year 19 o 9 co drafted by harshfield, a granted trans people the right to dress as they pleased in public and in the workplace. they no longer needed to fear arrest for public order offences. yes, said hut medium, pull inside president and deal else. god, it does. the 1st world negotiated a deal with the police chief which looked like this, an athlete. herschel would issue a medical certificate ignore and a diagnosis which red transvestite on 50 me diesel duke knows a good with this diagnosis. the trans person would go to the police headquarters and get a photo id stating that the or transvestite interstate,

these episodes and plants 15, and possibly that soon. and then the document would be stamped by the police chief div upon spelled out after party life. his company put it site on has the, if this trans person walking down the street in the police stopped them, say they could show their transvestite id and the police would refrain from arresting and charging them with an up c, n. c. fester name on unsecure the 1st. in other words, to ireland. this was a waiver, beating legal persecution hopefully. and that was an important milestone set at 19 o. 9 on hersh built initiatives. yeah. watson handled knowing what zach gazette stood of hospital didn't said to you here spelled was ahead of his time. but not everyone agreed with his ambitious reforms. as far as the nazis were concerned, he embodied every thing they despised about the unsure min weimar republic. when they seized power in 1933, the nazis ransacked the research library at here spelled institute. it was one of

the 1st targets of the nazi book burning program. that diesel bishop or pedal for the d vista fall knocked us hills at this book, learning that from the bust of mug marshfield, it was carried over the heads of the nazis as they marched towards the bonfire. our little fear, human institute miss seizing these trophies from the institute. there was a way of showing that the spirit of the bye mar, error must be extinguished, wi symbolically casting them buzzed and the entire contents of the library into the flames went dusk. isn't the swift good in? does foil go bolton built? i was almost a pagan ritual to cleanse germany of quote unquote, unclean tendencies. madness her spelled was on an international lecture tour when the nazi came to power and laid his institute to waste. he never went back to germany. after all, he knew that as a gay jewish social democrat,

he would never be safe. in the 3rd rush, legacy, his phone died, a broken law. he died on his birth out end of his in difficult to that, but he died having seen his life's work literally going up in flames. hash felt reformist influence was lost during the nazi dictatorship. berlin's free spirit disappeared for decades. and with it, the freedoms that queer people had fought so hard to gain. but then came the 19 sixties and seventies. chapter 3, how berlin became a cult location for the queer community in the seventy's. when berlin was still divided by a wall, there were places in both parts of the city where transgender and queer people could gather and express themselves. i'll viet in different ways. as of responding by the how much south west berlin really was a safe haven back then?

that's true, ma'am. you could live here without being bothered. you're wrong. we didn't really have any rights, but we could get everything we needed is copyrighted. there was a trans community which meant we could communicate with each other. this is scott, there were already basic networks in place, which is important because you need information. and that existed in west berlin within this. but the trans community was small as it existed here. and you didn't have to feel that you would just on your own, obscene, or man with sinister sca food harm yolanda to resign. ah, norah occurred as written a book about her life story. as a, as in the time 63, when i came to west berlin in 1973, it was the 1st place i had ever heard of trans people consent to own. i learned there were people who were trans. hm. and that was very important for me because i saw that it was impossible that these people actually did exist as a mentioned certain god. now there was a nightly drag show,

which was also something really special about it. but for me, it was also an opportunity to go and see trans people at times, mentions was the not every one on stage was trans. allen, there were also gay man who had made a career of performing and drag and was promoted. but there were also trans women performing and seeing them was very, very special for me because i was able to see that it was possible to live that way . who the best known trans performer at the time was ro, me hard was tardies for one of the reasons why disreputable west berlin became a hot spot for misfits and the art community. the dutch national arrived in berlin in the 1970s. before that she'd been a dancer at the famous paris night club alcazar sing viner, cuz she was an absolute idol. of course, she looked amazing and that alone made her role model ivy. we're being in 974 ro me hug, opened her travesty club. she wrote me hug in west berlin. it quickly became

a popular venue with those sticking a more open, inclusive night life experience. ah, this was when really hug started dating david bowie. the singer like to play with gender roles and adopted an androgynous look in rebel rebel, he sings about a mother who's annoyed by her child's confusion. a boy at the same time dancer marlo la fantastic, was lured by berlin's free spirit and arrived from the united states. she loved the city so much, she ended up staying for 30 years. she also worked with ro, me hard for a time where she was coming from paris and she was family name,

and she came to say new work that think oh my kimberly quiet enjoy of ah. before she wrote me hug, there was the she new berlin oldest here, cabaret, or travesty theater as they are called, famed throughout europe. it opened in 1958 and closed in 2008. i can try to work in cameras. she knew by the original owner and founder of the capital and i left on new york. going to fair lin at the my account. i wish i knew it was a year. then i end up standing working an alert. lobsting cavalry at the there's my wow. ah

cabaret and especially cross dressing, we're in vogue at the time. marlow felt more comfortable and accepted as a trans woman and performer in germany than in the united states. now. hey jim. and we just did. oh jeez. and the girls won't just bear with me. but bear lane with them and i liked it, and johnny was very exciting. and in a wall there, broadminded fantastic people, i'm a lot travesty. ah, the night clubs and cabarets shade to west berlin's image around the world. ah, in east berlin, there was also

a small connected queer scene in communist east germany. nadia schellenberg lived openly as a trans person and was an activist in the queer community groups. one of her main meeting places was the san tugs club, which still exists today. ah, as a 1000000000 via fell in was always a melting pot for all kinds of people in east germany for intellectuals, homosexuals, artists, and miss fed them all. there wasn't much information in the eighty's and from one, neither in west germany, nor in the east to go on read also wish. and what you did see in the media was almost always presented in a very negative lights, a man in women's clothing, but that was something out of the movies on clyde, on the popular infirmary recall in east berlin show, lot of fun mas door was a pioneer in the trans community, she began collecting every day objects in the 19 fifties and exhibiting them in the goods house. miles door of the manor house became a villa, meaning an arrow museum,

and a famous meeting place for east berlin's queer community line coming all topic. i from after coming out i met shallow snow and that's how i found the community via luncheon was already well known in the east german scene. but after german reunification, people's awareness about her grew a lot. 16, a sec law. she, a lot of un mazda received the federal order of merit, germany's highest order in 1992. she passed away in 2002, she to pave the way for today's more tolerant berlin. at the gay museum in berlin, and exhibition is dedicated to the efforts of trans activist lecture, lot of fun miles door. and nadia schellenberg chapter 4, how do you trans people live in berlin today? and what problems do they face?

there are many spaces in berlin, a can act a safe harbors for trans people, but not universally as video as a whole. is huge dimension of head crimes and violence and discrimination that we experience in the streets in our workplaces and in our social environments. it's difficult to gauge the exact extent of violence against queer people until recently, only a fraction of anti l g b t q i crime was recorded by the authorities in 2020, however, berlin became the 1st german state to publish an annual report monitoring the homophobic and transpose big violence in 2021, the victim support center monet. oh, registered a spike and reports to fight an estimated 80 to 90 percent of incidence going unreported. the center recorded 731 cases of insults, threats, and attacks against transgender people. gays and lesbians in this in between phase

where like, they can't tell if you're a woman or a man, people get really angry. they get angry that they, they can't figure it out, you know? and so now people would spit at you or had like, um, like boys with like square water. me was quick on or something like that. you know, like that stuff happens all the time. went on, i was walking home late at night and a boy was riding his bicycle and he was just like harassing me and is really scary . it was really late at night and there wasn't a pay around here. and it is not only the fear of hate crime that weighs heavily on members of the trans community. those who hope or if last an uncomplicated medical treatment in berlin may also be disappointed. and it would talk about germany specifically. then there are the, there is the issue of massive barriers for trans people when they are entering the medical system, looking for gender affirming treatments. some of these various may include extensive waiting periods before access to hormone replacement therapies are and kind of other medical procedures. there long waiting periods with discriminating

and humiliating processes that are part of that. despite many obstacles, trans people are becoming more visible in society. in 2021 voters elected the 1st 2 trans women to the german parliament, the bonus tag. internationally, the spotlight is on hollywood stars, like elliot page or mikaela j rodriguez, who raise awareness about diversity. i wore many decades of on activism and resistance and risk taking by many people, particularly by people who could not who could not hide who they were and who can't hide, who they are. oftentimes, it's people who don't fit into the categories and who can't, who don't have the option of hiding. right? it's, it's people who who are trans and present has trans. i think the history off, like the queer community in berlin is still important till today because like our

cheese and family, our ancestors did a lot of work like also and the very hash condition. and i think like is their work and their passion, which allows us today to have this basis to have knowledge and to have the ad here of what it could mean being trans, being queer. and i'm very thankful and i think like is one of the important part of being queer to honor the people. yeah. who have worked for it, whereas dad for it well suffered for it. and i think it's important to acknowledge that every single time you're being out and queer, although the struggle for more tolerance and diversity continues, the cities pass to offer some hope. i think as a trans person in berlin, what i think i see it's becoming more of

a sort of interconnected carrying system. so i see things like that getting even better and brilliant is definitely home and i, i would like it to stay as my home. i know ha, long to not talk dogs, vice small, but i'm not mist dr. fall. i expect that as the hardest, as like a singer, i will probably move a couple of times for jobs, but berlin will always be o burn then the rainbow capital. it might not be a trans persons paradise yet, but the city remains the refuge for queer peoples seeking an open community just as it has been for over a century. ah

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