peace can only be just if it is based on upholding the sovereignty and the territorial integrity of ukraine. your train will define the terms of a just peace that requires the withdrawal of invading troops. any peace plan which would in effect consolidate. rational exceptions is simply not a viable plan. we have to be frank on this point o. china continues to interact with proteins. war will be a determining factor for you. china relations going follow it. and of course, china itself has also taken a more search if stance in its own neighborhood the show of military force in the south china sea and east china sea. and at the border with india

directly affect our partners and the legitimate interests. we also underscore the importance of peace and stability in the taiwan strait. any weakening of regional stability in asia, the fastest growing region in the world, affects lobel security. the free flow of trade and our own interests in the region. the grave human rights violations occurring and she young also cause of great concern as laid out in the recent report of the un high commissioner for human rights. how china meets international obligation regarding human rights

will be another test for how and how much we can cooperate with china. as this, china has been ramping up its military posture. it has also ramped up its policies of disinformation that economic and trade coercion is a deliberate policy targeting other countries to ensure they comply and conform. we saw it when china responded to the opening of a taiwan office in vilnius. i taking retaliatory measures against this one you and other european companies we have seen it was popular boy, courts against clothing brands are speaking out on human rights or with sanctions against members of the european parliament officials and academic

institutions or their take on china's actions. we've seen that member states increasingly have to deal with chinese activities in their societies which are not tolerable. and we have seen it in the region. for example, when china severely restricted australian exports of bali and wine because of its governments questions on the origin of compet. this is all part of a deliberate use of dependencies and economic leverage to ensure that china gets wooded once on smaller countries. ladies and gentlemen, these s color tory actions point to

a china that is becoming more repressive at home and more assertive abroad. they are 3 broad conclusions we can draw on how china is changing, which in turn must shape how our policies will need to change to the 1st is that china has now turned the page on the area of reform, an opening and is moving into a new era of security and control. we saw this earlier this month when president she repeated his pledge to make, try to make the chinese military. and i quote, a great wall of steel that effectively safeguards, national sobriety, security and development, interests, and of quote. we saw it with beijing global security initiative,

which it's ics to embed in un documents and international discourse. more widely. we can expect to see a greater focus on security where the military tech or economic all companies and china, for example, already obliged by law to assist state intelligence gathering operations and to keep it secret. we can also expect even stricter economic control measures as part of a strengthening of the chinese communist party steering of the economy through its institutions and leaders. and we can expect to see a clear path and push to make china less dependent on the world.

and the world more dependent on china or as pin, she put it bluntly a few years ago and i quote, china must tighten international production shane's dependence on china to form a powerful counter measure and determined capability and of quote, this is especially true when it comes to critical raw materials like lithium or cobalt for sectors like high speed, wayland renewable energy technology or for emerging tech that is central to future economic and national security. i quantum computing or robotics and artificial intelligence. the 2nd conclusion we can draw off flows from this and that is that the imperative

or security and control now trumps the logic of free markets and open trade in his report to the recent party congress as it and she told the chinese people to prepare for the struggle and it is no coincidence that he used in his opening speech, the words dawson and fend all repeatedly which both can be translated as stronger. this is indicative of a world view shaped by a sense of mission for the chinese nation. which brings me to the 3rd conclusion. and that is that the chinese communist parties flee a goal is a systemic change of the international order with china at its center.

we have seen it with china's positions in multilateral bodies which show its determination to promote an alternative vision of the world order one where individual rights are subordinated to national security, where security and economy take prominence of a political and civil rights scene. it's with the belt and roach initiative. new international banks or other china lead institutions set up to rival the current international system. we've seen it's with china, a set of global initiatives. and by how it positions itself as a power and peace broker, for instance, for the recent saudi arabia and iran agreement. and we have seen the show of

friendship in moscow, which says a 1000 words about this new vision for an international order. a decent gentleman with all this enlightened, our response must start by work and working to strengthening the international system itself. we want to work as our partners on global issues, like trade, finance, climate, sustainable development or health. for that, we need to reinforce the institutions and systems in which countries can compete and cooperate and from which they benefit. this is why it is vitally important that we ensure diplomatic stability

and open communication with china. i believe it is neither viable nor europe interest to decouple from china. our relations are not black or white and our response cannot be either. and this is why we need to focus on de risk, not the couple. and this is part of the reason why i will soon be visiting beijing together with president my call managing this relationship and having an open and frank exchange without chinese counterparts. is a key part of what i would call the d risking through diplomacy of our relations with china. we will never be shy

in raising the deeply concerning issues i've already set out. i believe we must leave space for discussion on a more ambitious partnership. and on how we can make competition, sierra, and more disciplined. and more broadly. we need to think about how we can work together productively, the global system in the future. and on which challenges there are some islands of opportunity that we can build on a climate change in nature protection. i very much welcome the leading role china played in securing the historic couldn't mean one tray, our global biodiversity agreement. and a few weeks ago, china was also an active player in the global deal to protect biodiversity and

international waters at a time of global conflict intentions. these are notable diplomatic achievements with china and the european union worked on together. and we look forward to working together and the same spirit ahead of cop 28th later this year. and this shows what can be done when interests align. and it shows that diplomacy can still work with on pandemic preparedness, nuclear non proliferation a global financial stability plains here is that we do not want to cut economic society or political or scientific type type ties shine as

a vital trading partner. accounting for 9 percent of our good goods exports and more than 20 percent of our goods imports. while imbalances, sa, growing most of our trade in goods and services remains mutual beneficial and and risky. but our relationship is unbalanced and increasingly affected by distortions, created by china's state capitalist system. so we need to rebalance this relationship on the basis of transparency, predictability, and reciprocity. we have to ensure that our trade and investment relations promote prosperity in china and in the european union the comprehensive agreement on investment,

the so called case for which negotiations concluded in 2020 aim that such re balancing. but we have to recognize that the world and china have changed significantly in the last 3 years. and we need to reassess the kai in light of our wider china strategy. and we know there are some areas where trade and investment poses risks to our economic and national security or take killer, particularly in the context of china, explicit fusion of its military and commercial sectors. it is true for certain sensitive technologies, dual use goods, or even investment, which comes with forced technology or knowledge transfers. this is why after de risking through diplomacy the 2nd strand

of our future china strategy must be economic the risky a starting point for this is having a clear eyed picture on what the risks are. that means recognizing how china's economic and security ambitions have shifted. and it also means taking a critical look at our own resilience and dependencies in particular was in our industrial and defense base. this can only be based on stress testing our relationship, who see where the greatest threats lie. concerning our resilience, long term prosperity and security. and this will allow us to develop our economic di risking strategy across the 4 pillars. the 1st one is

making our own economy and industry more competitive and resilient. this is particularly the case when it comes to health digital and the clean tech sector. if you look at the global market for net 0 technologies, it is set to triple by 2030 triple our ability ability to remain front runners in this sector. we'll shape our economy for the decades to come. this is why, you know, we're just last week we put for what the net 0 industry act as a key part of our green deal. industrial plan, the amos to be able to produce at least 40 percent of the clean tech that we need for the green transition. such as solar onshore and offshore wind

renewable energy in the broader sense. at a reason, storage heat pumps and grid technologies a to achieve this goal. we will also need more independence and diversity when it comes to the key inputs needed for our competitiveness. we know this is an era where we rely on one single supplier, china. on 98 percent of our rare earth supply, 93 percent of our magnesium, 97 percent of our listen, just to name a few we are deeply mindful of what happened with japan's import software from china a decade ago. when following up for our policy tensions between the 2 in the east china c became became acute now demand for these materials will

skyrocket. and so digital and the green transition speed up ad re powering our electric batteries that are powering our electric vehicles. our forecast to drive up demand for lithium by 17 times by 25th. this is why we have put forward the critical raw materials act to help diversify and secure our supply. and we need to think about this right across our single market to strengthen our resilience on cyber maritime space and digital defense and innovation. the 2nd part of this d risking strategy is better using our existing toolbox of trade

instruments. over the last past years, we've put in place measures to address security concerns, whether on 5 g, the foreign direct investment or export controls. we have given ourselves the tools, county economic distortions, notably through the foreign subsidies regulation, as well as the new instrument to deter economic corporation. we now need the unity at your level for boulder and faster use of those instruments when they are required. and a more assertive approach to enforcement. i 3rd point trying us changing policies may require us develop new defensive tools

for some critical sectors. european union needs to define its future relationship as china and other countries. insensitive, high tech areas such as microelectronics, quantum computing, robotics, artificial intelligence. i, your tech, you name it. when do use purposes cannot be excluded. or human rights might be implicated and will need to be a clear line on whether investments or exports on our own security interest. we need to ensure that our company's capital expertise and knowledge are not used to enhance the military and intelligence capabilities of those who are also systemic rivals. so we have to look at where

there are gaps in our toolbox, which allow the leakage of emerging and sensitive technologies through investments in other countries. this is why we're currently reflecting on, if and how europe should develop a targeted instrument on outbound investment. would relate to a small number of sensitive technologies when vestment can lead to the development of military capabilities that po's risks to national security. the commission will present some initial ideas as part of our new economic security strategy. later this year. this will map out where we need to strengthen our economic security and how to better use our trade and

tech security tools. that force part of our economic di risking strategy is alignment with other partners on issues that concern our economic security. we have much in common with our partners around the world. this is especially true to our g 7, n g 20 partners. and those in the region and beyond, who are often more integrated with china and more advanced in their thinking on di, risking. as part of this, we will focus on free trade agreements where we do not yet have them such as with new zealand, till trail, young india, our avi and macros. sore partners on modernizing agreements where we have them such

as mexico and sheila and on better using the others that already exist. we will enhance cooperation on sector such as digital and clean tech through the trade and technology council with india all the your japan green alliance. and we will invest in infrastructure in the region and beyond through the global gateway strategy. we are offering developing countries, a genuine choice when it comes to infrastructure, investment and finance. and all of this will help strengthen our supply chain, resilience and diversify our trade, which must be a central element of our economic di risking strategy. ladies and gentlemen, we have in front of us a task to re focus on the most important issues. and it is

a reflection of the need to adjust our strategy in line with the way the chinese communist party seems to be changing. and if we are to manage this relationship to prepare for the future, we must do it together. at this defining moment in global affairs, we need the collective wolves to respond together. a strong european china policy relies on strong coordination between member states and you institutions. and a willingness to avoid the divide and conquer tactics that we know we may face. i also want to say that nothing is inevitable in geo politics. china's fascinating and

a complex mix of history, progress and challenges. and it will define this century. but our story about how we relate to china is not yet fully written, and it need not be a defensive one. we must collectively show that our democratic system i'll values and our open economy can deliver on prosperity and security for people. and at the same time, we must always be ready to talk and work with those who see the world differently. which brings me back to where i started. and max cornish them's line about working to gradually change minds and

action. this is what you do every single day in your work. and this is what europe will always believe in long live europe and many thanks for your attention. and he was the e commission president or seller funder line, speaking there about the use relationship with china. she described the relationship with the you as an intricate one. she said relations between you and china become more challenging and recent years. and she said it was vital to rebalance that relationship spoke about di, risking rather than decoupling in relation to china. and for more about what she just said, we can talk now with our correspond jack pirate, who's in brussels. and with fabian feature, my a, a journalist in beijing. jack, if i can start with you, what did you make of or sla fonda lions speech?

her tone and, and the messages that she was sending. well, there was really a lot in that speech, and i think the fact that this speech has been so heavily anticipated and is getting so much attention shows how around the world, china's power is growing and china's are the way that china operates. and the way that especially european partners are focusing that as efforts on sort of working out what they want the relationship to be. this is a real signal of that. that was so much that she said some of the things that stood out to me. she said the china is changing, it's sort of policies from reform and opening to security and control. she also really crucially mentioned european dependence on china, specifically on things like lithium, which is crucial for batteries. crucial for the green transition. she said that europe is 97 percent reliant on china for lithium, and that by 2050 that there will be $7017.00 times more demand

in europe for that lithium. and this is the balance that she's trying to put out that basically we need china. we need to continue to cooperate with them, but things like human rights issues, things like their support of rushes invasion in ukraine, and certainly not the condemnation that the european partners would want. that, that she said us live on the line would have a defining position that if i have a, be a defining factor in how europe decides to go forward in its relationship with china . and that something that we heard from this speech. it's clear that for her, she wants to see a real overhaul, a change in the thinking in europe, at least a discussion about how we change the thinking and change the position of the european union towards china. that's right. she said that china's interaction with putin's will will determine china e relationship going forward and father. and if i can ask you, i mean,

she was quite critical, wasn't she? and there were certain things that she brought up, talking about the taiwan straits, human rights violations in china. can you give us a sense of how her words will go down in china today? yes, her speech was really very comprehensive and not only that are also quite concrete in what action the european union wants to take and dealing with this china that has changed. i find it upon really almost like a paradigm shift. i mean, it didn't come out of the blue, it was a clear that there will be a change, but she was really mentioning all the critical aspects of the human rights violations of china, the economic coercion, and also the, the taiwan issue. and basically all of that was in it, and that's definitely not what the chinese government wants to hear. and i think the worst case scenario for beijing is that the european union finds a unified voice to deal with china. because china strategies so far has always been

divide and conquer. they wanted to solve all issues and or by, by literally they didn't want to deal with the europe as a whole. and i think fonder line speech was clearly in an attempt to find this unified voice. because europe, by itself is the biggest trade partner of a, china, it has a certain power, but all those countries by the, by themselves, of course, they don't have such a strong voice as did you repeat union as a whole. all right, jack, can i ask you, we heard from and was left on the line. and we heard her talk about her visit to china next week with the french president. give us a sense of why she's choosing now or to go and, and, and what does this say about where you, china relations, a stand right now. it's a really important and a really significant trip is that she announced by president micron at last week. you cancel summit, he said ursula on the line is going to come along with me. and this shows, the frances always tried to play a sort of director role a sort of prominent role in china relations that had longstanding diplomatic

relations more than perhaps some of the other countries. but just like phobia was saying there, the european union knows. and there is a tacit understanding of this across all of the major capitals, including in berlin and in paris. that the really, the only way, especially economically that, that, that you can deal with china is collectively, if this work as small individual countries. if it happens by laterally than that just doesn't have the economic power, the trading block of the european union has, i think what we're seeing is it with this speech, which is, you know, a really one of without question with one of the most sweeping statements on china relations that i've ever seen, and he, you commission president do, she's laying out the issues that she wants to take to beijing with her. she said that she's going to be critical of, she's in pain that she will raise all the issues. she'll never be shy about raising those issues, but that there needs to be

a space for partnership. we'll have to wait and see how bold and brave the europeans are when and and from the lion herself, is when she does arrive in beijing. 5 in can i ask you, i mean we've seen a host of visits to china recently by, by european politicians. and how are they seen by beijing and, and, and, and what welcome bill that was left on the lion receive next week. well that would be really interesting. i mean, now the opening off of china has begun to communication channels are open again and every week then you delegations arriving and, and when you asked the diplomat seo or you know what, what happened in those talks are behind to close doors. and the chinese side, they always want to ask, will there be a new china strategy and will there be a chance, a change in stance and, and your policy. they are very worried about that. and i think one thing that they clearly have under estimate it is the shock that it was for europe. how am close china was supporting, and a russia, how seating ping into a protein,

we're celebrating their friendship while a russia was in waiting ukraine. i think that this was really kind of um, yeah, it of change a shock for also all the european diplomats here. and i think the chinese are slowly beginning to understand that and am so fighting. that's the crucial issue. there won't be much of a room for improve tice if or china does not, you know, change its stance towards russia and distance itself, at least to some degree or towards putins one. all right, that was generous, tally, and fetch my reporting from beijing and our correspondent jack harrah in brussels. thanks so much t those that analysis. all right, we're going to switch gears now and go to our other main story today at that's king charles. the 3rd is due to address german parliament in just a few moments. it's going to be the 1st time that a fitting monarch has spoken in front of the bundle tug low. it's the 2nd time that

charles is going to address german m p 's. because in november 2020, he gave a speech to members of the bundles talk, and that was when he was still the prince of wales. and he used that to commemorate the victims of war and tyranny on that remembrance day. now charles arrived in the german capital yesterday was welcomed with full military honors, including a $21.00 gun salute and a fly over by 2 fighter jets laser. he and the queen consort his wife. camilla attended state banquet at the bellevue palace hosted by the german president by their shine. my. now it's the 1st state visit abroad since becoming king, following the death of his mother, queen elizabeth the 2nd in september last year, charles had originally planned to visit france before coming to germany. however, that visit was delayed due to the ongoing protests over president mc holmes. the french president's proposed pension reform. and while we

wait for king charles to speak, we can bring in d. w correspondent, emily gordon emily, and tell us a little bit about the welcome that king charles has received so far here in berlin . yes, i mean it's so what has been a welcome. he's been welcomed with apps or with open arms really. and that really has to do with the fact that he is so popular from one key though the roles are so popular in germany, even more popular than in the u. k. really. but it also has to do with political signal. it sends, you know, after years of the disputes over breck said, this is now finally a signaling at the beginning of a new chapter. and that's why the u. k. is sending one of its finest. and i think that is also a the reason for why has been welcomed so warmly in germany. mckenna, we are looking at live pictures now,

and we are expecting king charles to start speaking a quite soon and just a few minutes. and he's due to address the, the german air parliament. do we know anything about what he is likely to talk about well, i mean, his visit is all about improving german british relations. so i think he's going to emphasize the history of this a longstanding partnership. and we're hearing also that he's going to speak about the building that we're actually standing in am which and that was heavily damaged in the, in the, in the was a. and so the seem reconciliation is going to continue on away. um, but i mean, i also wouldn't be surprised if he spoke about the environment because we know that this is a topic that is close to his heart. he speaks regularly and very strongly about environmental protection. so, and that is likely going to feature, i reckon. but what we also have to remember the u. k is on

a charm offensive. and m, what we saw last night when he held a speech at the banquet at the evening banquet, it was received was very heartwarming. and i think we're going to see more of that today. he really made a focus, didn't he made it, made a point about speaking about strength thing, the ties between the to cut it trees. obviously there's a lot of history between germany and the u. k. and i wanted to ask you, has there been any criticism about the kings, visits to germany and any criticism about the fact that he's, he's addressing the bundle, talk today? yeah, i think it's especially the fact that he is addressing the bonus tag today that has raised some criticism among the left party, the head of which said it is not appropriate for a democratic body to bow down to a monarch. another representative of the left party also said that monarchies are basically dictatorships with more historical tim full. so very harsh words,

and i don't reckon these representatives of will be attending his speech to day. okay, and, and what about, i mean he's here for a few days, isn't here. what's on what's on charles's agenda after he's addressed the blunders talk to day, what, what's he going to be doing next? well if he's got an absolutely pack day ahead of him, he's our 1st going to head off to the former teagle airport, where he's going to visit ukrainian refugee center, and he's going to speak with ukrainians who had to flee due to the war in ukraine. and after that, he's going to visit a german british military unit that is going to finish building a bridge, a war of swimming bridge. and king charles be the 1st to actually cross it. after that, he'll make his way to an organic farm and it co village outside of berlin, where he is said to be a trumping t u m a. so a lots of, uh, lots of activities for the king. and in the end, the day will end with a visit to the opera here. all right, emily webb,

while we're waiting for the king to start speaking, we're going to have a quick oh, i do understand actually we're sorry. we are now seeing live images of king charles the 3rd and the queen consort camilla. signing the book in the bund is tired. this is live images of them here in berlin. and this is just, that means it's just, he's going to be addressing the bundle tag in just a few minutes. time is passing the pen to it between consort camilla. before he takes his place at the podium, i've heard emily that he or he might be even speaking, making some of his speech in german. is that right? but as right, i mean, you must remember here that no, the british monarchy have a long standing family ties to germany, a queen victoria. she was married to

a german prince. and this sort of connection to germany has carried through generations controls, as far as her own late father, philip, he was able to speak german fluently. and so does king charles. and i think it will be quite interesting to see how he holds up even against his own father and i blood over. yeah, i'm presuming that he'll that he will switch to english or at some point, but that's right. i mean, there really are very strong family ties between the british. royal family aren't there and, and germany, as you were saying are queen victoria was married to a german or several of her children. married germans. i mean, it's interesting to think, isn't it there some, you know, for many years now obviously since the 2nd world war there's been a complicated relationship between the 2 countries. and that's something that i think is often still focused on by the british tabloids. i mean, there aren't that many sort of positive headlines in the british media or are

thereabouts, you know, germany and, and, and german politics. i mean, is that something you think he might be looking to change now or looking to sort of put a more positive light on the relationship between britain and germany? yeah, i think i can, charles is definitely trying to be a bridge builder here between the 2 nation. i think he a given his own background and knows the 2 countries quite well. he knows the british sergeant as the german side, quite well m and after all these years of disputes over breck said, i think on both sides, feel that it's time to um, begin a new chapter. i mean, remember, can charles works or it works for the german government in a way. i think he can say, so he isn't doing this. i'm on his own accord this trip. he is doing this because the government asked him to do so. and i think that's very much a sign from the british government as well that we are interested in improving

relations. and so as the german government and i think that will carry hopefully carry through to a different to, to citizens as well. all right, now we're just waiting for law makers to assemble. and while we wait for the king to start speaking, we're going to have a quick look at what he did yesterday here in berlin. a special welcome for special visitors. britton's king, charter 3rd and his wife camilla. german president, flanked by dutch dine. maya welcomed the royal couple with military honors at berlin's bramble gate. ah, it's the 1st time the landmark has provided a backdrop for receiving a state guest ah, on his 1st officials, date visit abroad, and britain's monarch at king charles's hoping to improve the you case strained

relations with a european union post bracket and show he can win hearts and minds brought just as his mother did for 7 decades. at his residence, she must be view, the german president praised the good relations between the 2 countries and hi do. often to day, 6 years to the day after britain began the process of leaving the european union, we're opening a new chapter and our relationship together as friends and partners. we're now looking forward to the it's not a form. the german president also praise childs as long interest and environmental causes a topic that will determine the agenda for the 3 day visit. but 1st, it was time for some glitz and glamour. the crowning jewel of the trip estate banquet fit for king. we stand side by side in protecting and advancing ayesha democratic violence. this is

a pit demise. so clearly to do as we stand together with ukraine, the defense of freedom and sovereignty in the face of unprovoked regression. so it's not just all sparkles. politics is never far away from these events. a quick review there of what king charles and the queen consort camilla. we're doing in bur lynn yesterday. emily and we saw that really a very, very warm welcome and from germany to the the king and the, the queen consort. and he also made some very positive remarks. in particular, i know that he praised germany for the number of refugees, the sir that it has welcomed in the, in the last year at charles as prince,

prince of wales was always some will sometimes criticized about getting a little bit too political. is that something that he has to be careful now on this, on this 1st visit to germany? i mean, i agree, he's always been a little bit more politically outspoken and his mother, the queen, queen elizabeth, and after a sending to the throne, he did say, i am, you know, the role of the monarch years to be neutral and to stay that way. i think with the when, when it comes to the environment, which he often highlights, and he's found a bit of a loophole because it's a topic that goes above politics a little bit. um, but yeah, you mentioned the visit to a, you mentioned his marks or his remarks on jamie taking in some new refugees. and i mean, he's also to day visiting a refugee center and all of it comes amid and the u. k. m, you know, attempting to.