directions got it. that is marina mirand, defense analysts, as always, thanks for your time and perspective. pope francis is leading the palm sunday mass in the vatican. saint peter's square, just a day after being released from hospital. the 86 year old spent 4 days receiving treatment for bout of bronchitis, but he said to be feeling better. today's ceremony marks the beginning of celebrations for the most important week in the christian calendar. we will ended their lives like a local in berlin for me and the rest of the team here, thanks for watching is more news as always at the top of the next out. imagine how many portions of lunch are thrown out in the world. climate change can be very often stored. this is my plan, the way from just one week. how much wife can really get?

we still have time to act. i'm going with what 5th? ah. ah endless deserts and deep gorges. along the old seal g road, we travel by train through a mysterious country was pakistan. ah, the former soviet republic is a country offering both $1001.00 nights and communist style prefabricated homes a country with strong women twins in uniform, and some very special camel driving techniques.

a journey from the deepest caves in the world to the remains of the arrow. ah tosh, kent, capital of the presidential republic of his back, his don, founded only in 1991 in 1966. it was the victim of a devastating earthquake. it was rebuilt in the modern soviet

style. now, massive transport routes. criss crossed, the city. the main train station is located in the city center. waiting on platform one is this so called silk road express? engine driver. uh huh. who, j. u dash f checks everything. once again, so that the train can leave on time at 8 am. my son is going to so rosalind nozzle glove, even as a child i dreamed of becoming a trained driver because my father was one that he drove old soviet machines that the working conditions were really tough. back then today everything is much better and more comfortable. although you also get him on the salary after

the rail road is still a lifeline for his pakistan and it's 33000000 inhabitants. it takes about 20 hours to go from tosh. kent across the country to the east, to the former shores of the arrow, see the road network. his poor in his back is done, and flying is expensive because of this, most people just take the train was biggest on is located in the heart of central asia between afghanistan and kazakhstan. our journey takes us from the capital tosh. kent towards summer comes along the he saw mountains and further to bu her up and across the desert to the almost dried up our i'll see

water is the greatest treasure of this dry country. in the 1970, several dans were built on the slopes of the t, an sion mountains which still fulfill tashkent water needs to day but there's not just water in these mountains. hidden deep within them is a secret that the soviet union, guarded the decades. in the 1940s uranium was discovered here. for the mine is a top secret, sissy was bills out of the ground. to day, it looks like a ghost town. ah ah,

a one of the last inhabitants of yanine but is merit in your cave. who was one of the 1st people born here 67 years ago. every morning he makes his rounds first's don't the daycare what he said seemly at nasa was a sales nor a message for mia. i was only one month old when my parents brought me to this daycare in 1954 currently at missouri. now nobody is left, she'll filler spot. so yes, go as a user, when the soviet union collapsed, the mine was closed off, there was normal work and almost every one that is a busy witness. the year will arrive both it near boulevard with things a lonely in yonah. but the former music school, like the whole city, was built by vulgar germans. it feels

like a faded european memory in the middle of asia, a meal or with of which a year with ish called a 3 gordon the for to be on when i was a child. i took piano lessons here, but there were a till after 3 years the teacher told my parents, i shouldn't come anymore because i had no chance of becoming a musician. i think it was for me, i was incredibly happy with this statement. yeah, well, finish that up. so 5 years ago merits got married for the 2nd time to his childhood suite. larissa, she said, what are we having? stay in the booth cheese soup? will it taste good? of course you know it will you pony? i can't remember this new life

been young, but again the olympic boxing team is training here in the pleasant mountain. an larissa and merit have befriended young soluble and perhaps adopted her obese. does anyone wise, volkswagen vicious and lots of our garbage. a i started focusing in 2017 and i've been on the national team since 2019 half of the month. i'm at home. and the other 2 weeks i trained. yeah. bought a lot of information. mm hm. and the training is hard for the olympic team. while boxes in other countries prepare for the competition in high take jim's the coach, he knows break his don has more rustic methods in mind. ah,

it was there is through it, albert tortured that she's so good. originally, we only trained men here, but for 6 years we've been preparing girls for competitions as well. develop it through the past on this and the regimen is strict. get up at 5 o'clock, then an insurance run off to break this training in the whole followed by stone lifting at the river. i want to succeed in, i hope to take part in the olympic games some day and when a girl of metal ah, the training in young your bud is exhausting. so it's nice to have a surrogate family like the one so he by has oh, he greetings my big stuff on his eyes. well those and god,

i know he to nice bone of seat. okay, is nice creature. i am very off time sake, but my will to achieve something in boxing is simply great. as of right now watching priyanka from it's so nice to have you because we miss our own chunky j budgeting, merits sons. like so many others you have long since left you on your bud. ah. the silk road express has left the mountains behind and is now moving through increasingly sparse vegetation. with the construction of the railroad began here more than a 100 years ago. and soviet times the railway network was the highest priority,

and there's still is a lot of construction going on it. rosanna thousands of years ago caravans travelled along the banks of the czar of shun river to the east and west. it's the lifeline of probably the most legendary city and central asia, summer canned the center of the city reg is done square today, a populous font for photos. and in the 15th century, the sight of the most prestigious university in the lumnick whoa, was pakistan, is considered a police state. and recently, even has special police for tourists twins fatima and so for were actually english teachers before they joined the police. there beat the register

to wear a uniform. it was a dream from our childhood and how the opening new department to refill is apartment. we were the 1st time to work here. so i thought it's me and i to why my sister's with me with patrolling isn't that easy for the 2 of them? because the tourists want one thing above all, a photo with the twins in uniform. the people, as far sheila, teenagers wanted to take a picture and mostly girls they wanted to be a like, fullest man. like this place was a hub for mathematics and astronomy. in the 15th century. sure

is india is a magical place for 600 years. the necropolis has been hanging on the hills over the summer con mazin of do gonna cause the faithful to prayer the lodge to lies within the twins precincts on it. because we walk in this a place historical place. and when we have a nice, well lation shima has hey, a relationship, then i walk. oh, well the easy ah, if sound travel say it happen. it was a tourist when they worked together with during

soviet times the 11 mausoleums were left to decay. but recently they've undergone extensive restoration. let all the new stuff in the kitchen and alden and the old owl, and the past life as a devout muslim, was very difficult. there were only a few mosques in which one could pray. there was hardly any possibility to train is a museum monopoly. today there are 2000 masks in new spec, you stand up and new ones are still being built in the curious rawls a kind of in those raised every muslim can, once again, freely and openly practiced their beliefs. and i also love that if the urge that a fond of the machine of do gunny is also responsible for the care of the tombs, the most important place in the complex the tomb of abbas,

who is said to have brought islam to some i can't shut off this am what other chunky woo module ah, good little joy for me. it is always a deep feeling of gratitude that i am given the honor of serving here in law to us . also this is a holy place because our boss who lives here was the prophets cousins along. i'm. i can let her off bus to all that. the funds with it's evening in some a kind. the police twins fatima and zapora have been invited to their grandmother's house for a small family celebration. ah, no matter how much ada medicine i am so proud of my 2 granddaughters. even when i was young, it was unthinkable for a woman to wear uniforms. i think of the twins each have one daughter that are

divorced and live independently. our parents gave us a really nice life and because they hadn't said to lie on their own life. and now we tried to be to show our basses for what children ah, ah, me to the east of some kind mountains rise abruptly from the landscape. here once stood the magnificent palace of t more who conquered all of central asia in the 14th century. the he saw mountains of the western most foothills of the himalayas. here over

millions of years, the deepest caves in the world were formed. speedily ologist vladimir, dulcie and puzzled bear are on their way to uncover a great secret. but that i can see it more than way you're the for said, i know it's and what we want to go to the, to more in cave, to investigate legend has it that t more hid there with his entire army. we want to find out if this was actually possible or it's a lot but the route his loan and difficult. ah . after 18 hours on bumpy roads in an old terrain vehicle, they can continue only by foot. i saw that you had it so again, when his father,

the trip was very long and we're tired to get him. we won't make it to the cave to day. we'll set up camp here and on the senate, boston. i get this and to morrow morning. it all begins heading down into this canyon. ah, vladimir and pavel have been working together for 8 years now. and i've explored many caves. the fellow roughly, somewhere to show you that the little narrows elizabeth's a beach by kip. this is the simplest and cheapest food. there is if the classic student food school here in the mountains, it's very convenient because it's so easy to prepare the food and the doctor here in the mountains. there's hardly any infrastructure. the 2 men are on their own. they must be careful,

especially in the evening after all bears ann leopard still live here at 6 in the morning. the march to the team or cave begins. all of us with our thoughts just with us, with some civil docket. but we have to go down here and then along the river through the gorge, and then back up again above the cave must be behind there somewhere. very far down the steep cliffs. we go into the canyon coves, the color, cher hon. the lion fortress,

the cave has 2 entrances. the explorers decide to take the smaller one. be sure to that one over inside the cade, it will be very cold. so we need to dress warmly. we will try to explore as much of the cave as possible. i think to see if the survival of many people have as possible a toll. most importantly, of course, is water without drinking water. no one could have survived to hold it with as much as to lose him of this is rita dody even though it's really hot outside, inside the temperature drops quickly into the single digits.

oh, my business vicky thought fi trophies of my paycheck. looks like left of is here. take a look at this. i don't think so. let's go node on yoda. all right, let's go. no more daylight reaches this part of the cave. the explorers find themselves in total darkness. mis estimate, i said, and if we have to descend deeper now we suspect there's water down there. if the stories are true, there must have been some kind of lake here and timor's time all about. and if it exists, we'll find it. i don't with order simo, ruled an enormous empire in the 14th century. from present day india to turkey. his victorious campaigns is said to have begun from this cave

look for though it above there's a small waterfall there. yes, the water is collecting down there. good news for the drinking water for tea. more good. but was water alone enough to kate hundreds of soldiers and maybe even their horses alive? when as the course of course, i have a course to liberty, there is definitely hold food. how old it is, however, is difficult to say. just wanted him placed after 5 hours in the cave, they stopped their way back. why not letting him? i found a small reservoir, so there is water here. dogs, him appointed a storm. however, the way into the cave is difficult. it's hard to say if it could have been done with horses, in any case they could have been sheltered. so can you show, ah,

still, there's not enough evidence to say whether timor was here. it still remains a mystery. look up. they'll come back to explore tea more in cave further from here, it's less than a 100 kilometers to afghanistan. the silk road express is now heading west again. every one has their own way to pass the time. of course food is also important on such a long trip and it served at their seats like everywhere in the country. the national dish peel off is on the menu. rice with carrots and meat cooked on a cold stove. off them know the sun in the stove,

push the temperature in here up to 60 degrees celsius. it's really hard to cook and such heat was baked. cuisine is full of meat here. mutton goes with everything we're fairly fashioned over the guests, mainly want to eat peel off or meat skews and god willing i'll have enough to satisfy them all tired of what the train is now entering the next famous sissy, who horror the oasis of blue horror is said to have been inhabited as early as 500 b c. it was once famously rich, and one of the most important stops on the silk road. ah,

booth hora lies some 2800 kilometers northeast of jerusalem. yet it's home to one of the oldest jewish communities in the world. daniel, nuts itself, son of the old rabbi, is a watchmaker here in bo herrera. he's rented one square meter from a small travel agency to carry out his business where baton sandwich so much sarah, boy, that we've been watchmakers for generations. my grandfather, my father, my brother's me and also my son. when my grandfather lived here, the jewish community was huge. so my so thank god, but as time went by, it became smaller and smaller than me. then when a woman shall film in the shop every day,

it's 6 o'clock shop. the 53 year old closes his stool and heads hon. the 1st jews from this ancient community. a said to have settled here after the babylonian captivity around $500.00 b. c. even 100 years ago, the jewish community contained more than 25000 members. to day daniel and his wife, you love and about 150 others make up the lost jews in the city. well, how was your day? how was yours with quite good at her nation would the she only meet him militia, nasha and it came with our future like that of our children, mice in israel. what kind of life would that be alone? without our children?

we have to go with a and our grandchildren ark with me, even though it will be very sad to leave this wonderful house behind leudemann. though i started after her father in law of the old rabble. i died the 49 year old and her husband took care of the synagogue just across the street. to day community members are preparing a memorial service for the dead. or go to any of i live in my ac lee. we want to remember my mother in law today. her name was anovia, maria, and she died in the u. s. a. at the age of 90 and was buried back. like every year we held this memorial day here in harrow, natalie ramey, who died. a community member has agreed to read, and it will all be streamed live for relatives in the u. s. he is the has on the

can tool and has no training of look every one around these table wants to leave the country in the next few years, mainly for economic reasons, for israel or the u. s. a 9 there. they can easily get a residence permit roseville. hello, hot weather yesterday. even if i leave bo hara, i won't forget our traditions. i carry them deep in my heart and i will continue to live the life of a book. her jew everywhere. it is simply in me and i will pass on everything i know to my children and grandchildren. peter, don't swaim did i know it seems that the 2500 year old history of the book are a jews is about to come to an end a religion that was indigenous here for over 1000 years before islam came

by the early hours of the morning the silk road express has reached the edge of the castle. come was becky's dance. great desert i'm either not at all them. lots of i'll get spell out of that. my father used to tell me how hard the work was, especially on long distance trips him under the sun, shone so strongly on the metal roof of the locomotive that it became unbearably hot for the driver to get one out. today, it looks completely different. the driver's cab is comfortable and we even have air conditioning tongue. so give us up to me. unfortunately, for those in the carriages, there's no air conditioning. every one tries to cool down in their own way.

despite the heat, the most important thing in every aspect trained con, remains the tea kettle for people. hot tea on a hot dice the most normal thing in the world. john, i've already taken off my shirt because of the heat with a good working ventilation system. it would be more bearable here, but one will still applies. if you drink cold water, you sweat more. if you drink hot tea, you sweat less. cuz ill cool means red sand. the enormous desert stretches from the curriculum desert in took menaced on through . it was biggest on to kazakhstan. originally the days it was populated only by no mats, but was settled in soviet times. borders are unfamiliar to its inhabitants. so the

l e r. o family, originally from classics, don, has been living on, was back territory. the decades father columbine has decided that today should be a special day for his 13 year old daughter that ask or not cousin lab helen. and as she saw the god willing, i want to teach my daughter how to milt hamilton. today, she has to be able to stand on one leg and found the bucket with the other. we have 6 camera mass, novelty to mill, she licked the elevators. how often bad it is to him that alice and i'm looking forward to the milking and we'll give up my o. okay. that but before that the dishes have to be washed and that's the work of nausea and her youngest sister.

in law can make, this is out that i'm happy to help in the kitchen, but now i enjoy working with the camel's chair for love at abilene. but unfortunately, the camels, which are left to run free and there. oh and the father can't see them anywhere. the eldest son, cullen, john, he supposed to search for them, but before that, a refreshing bowl of camel milk. then off to find papa's motorcycle. ah, both

today is also a good day for carl him, john. because normally his father wouldn't let him use the motorcycle i should kept out of the desert, his pig, and there's no trace of the camels. but with god's help, i will find them a longer camels have a good this direction and always find their way home. but when no one knows. luckily, cullum, john has a good nose and discovers them grazing on some desert grass. gyla old. i really found. well, i can try some hungry miller got on with us. all my sister will be so happy. so

glad i was, and everything would be fine. oh, cullum, john has an unusual but effective driving technique. every one is ready and waiting. the milking can finally start. ah, i am getting a game, but the 1st thing we need is a calf to drink from the mother and the teeth swell, and you can milk them. look how nicely the milk comes out, but oh, how many? ah, mother alisha has years of experience, but nas yucca is anxious but now i'm scared.

i hope to camels won't kick me. oh, don't worry. you don't have to be afraid. standing on one leg is not so easy. ah, but then somehow it all works. mm hm. the 1st bucket is fine, leaf, food, cit. the all. and i give most of the time we sell the milk at the market, decide that when we are invited some way, for example, to a wedding block. we also like to bring the milk is a wedding gift. i suck products all. i was also had

a these camels to still have to be milked today wound, oh, i think i now understand how it all would cover something. didn't get it. now i can help my mother with the milking or something like the civilian and she still has 5 more camels ahead of her today. ah, in the blistering heat, the train crosses the biggest river of was pakistan. the imo daria inside. every one is exhausted. and the on board restaurant has already closed on that a little after i've cleaned everything up now it's back to square one for the return trip. again,

i'll prepare fresh p laugh. beef steaks must have on naples. so the tall guests have something to eat. sometimes passengers have extra requests and i tried to fulfill those as well. for the 35 year old train driver, the shift is also slowly coming to an end here when it gets you longer. i got married in 2012 and had a son. he's in the 3rd grade and loves everything about trains. he's constantly playing with his little diesel and steam locomotives lateral. when i come home, he always asks dad, where have you been? how was your trip out there? he's just interested in everything. if he becomes a trained driver, some day back would make me very proud as well. so wasn't fucking love, you know, the silk road express has almost reached its destination. new crews the foam, a gateway to the r l. c. a little further north. once lay the world's 4th largest

inland lake, starting in the 1960s its tributaries were cut off to irrigate large cotton fields . to day it's coast is just a rock facing the desert. not far away, the foam, a port city of minnock. back in the 1980s, it was still located on the peninsula, surrounded by water. most of the people he is survived by fishing. today their boats lie in the desert sand near the foam, a harbor erosion of the sand is now the main problem in the region. a few years ago, a launch project was started with the aim to make the desert green shock re is studying environmental science in touch kent. and he's one of the 1st to witness the project success. hello. you've leaded mia?

yes, that's me. led him is who? yes, leads a conservation effort. here you do not. laura's go motor, but it really goes on will you do? i'm going to take you to the bottom of the or i'll see us before that we can see the plans for yourself. because i've heard and read a lot about your program. now i'm very curious to see what it looks like. in the early 19 sixties. the r l. c was about the size of bavaria. everything that's now called our outcome, or our al desert was covered with water to the right of the path. the 1st results of the planting project are already visible. ah,

the water will not return. the hope now is to bring the constant sandstorms under control. with zillow, i can hardly imagine that 30 years ago this place was deep at the bottom of the lake. could a day people just walk around here? unimaginable get, get shot crease, grandmother herself, comes from my neck, new jostled mother there. now, i'm 21 years old. when i was born, the water, he had already disappeared. now with the plans, we can at least stop the sand from a routing measured am quoted. you can always do something. that's why i'm so interested in ecology. the roots of the bushes reached deep into

the earth and provide support to fall. where did the bushes come from and how do you plant them? well, what image to the home in shortly that your local citizens all over the country collect easier from ago? but so many so good. she'll go. yes. when you struck the record i as in distributed either by trotter or even from an aeroplane over the desert, or to promulgate with room for a little to signal. only a tiny part of the or i'll see basin has been planted, it seems to be working, which gives the people here hope stop by yourself. let's go. i'll show you the best part. um with the water of the arrow i see a puddle compared to its former

glory, but still impressive. leather me as father is still a fisherman and he himself has a very special connection to the water. come on my going swimming. a water? buffalo. yeah. yeah. yeah, no, no, not me. oh, garage grandma are all see here is your son vladin id that i put it curtis with her. whenever i am here, my heart tells me has to go into the water. but the motor, somewhere my whole life is connected with this water odum, this sky, and this earth mover your philosophy. similar fair to me. i love being yet because nobody knows how long the loss remains of the sea will exist. 32

despite he's moving words, he can't persuade jeffrey to join him from the remains of the earl c, across dusty deserts, to the green highlands of the he saw mountains. was pakistan. a land of extremes ah, shift your guide to life in that digital world. explore the latest online trends. navigate your way through the digital jungle. get a global perspective,

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do we say they were about never giving up sports like every weekend on d. w. ah ah, this is g w. news live from berlin. pope francis lead to palm sunday mass just a day after leaving hospital. there had been concerns that the pontiff would not have been well enough to attend events leading up to easter the most important week in the christian account. also on the program of.