oh, well come to take, told me about hackers, paralyzing between your societies computers and i was sure you and governments that go crazy for your data. we explain how these technologies work . how can they go for and that's how they can also go terribly. watch it now on you to do with read aloud. i love that in our life. hope maybe the super for boys, the seeds, the micro agreed that a whole bunch of other natural ingredients that we have times why rich,

why would i list these areas of life depend on the reservation of that biodiversity, even if we, on to that of the kid or that it hello, i'm father of ari and you all watching. going back and today we will explored, he didn't pockets of biodiversity in the city, in the national capital, where one can, i won't be going to forget what a forest looks like in the homes of, of the city. the clouded highway is the dog buildings and the chris frothing fly, or like as a secret they do exist. and today mike wiley, the ad fellow moment dentalgenius and journalist, the hardest, wednesday costs are these hidden, almost unbelievably biodiversity, this buckets in the city and big us all these forests and make us feel greed, and d as them. and the magic that the legally it's the national capital of india, the seat of all political power. to more than 20000000 people,

daily's environmental indices have been plummeting for a while. and yet biodiversity still exists. in all corners. do 50 species of native trees, 70 species of butterflies, and a 190 species of birds are found in the city. as it environment, jonas, i'm curious how all these pockets of biodiversity surviving and how can we protect them better long on this quest, i'll take part in the big butterfly golf while side in a mini forest that was once a garbage dump. assist in a bio fencing project wanted restored when i meet the people who are helping restore the green lawns of the most polluted city. it would

be some out canal was just 16 when he noticed a garbage dump close to his home. he is a bright, me for a walk in the mini forest he created from scratch. merican so the many forests are fighting them. and this is the little fathers that we have managed to create that is like go on the till one delay. yeah. it was once a garbage yard. yeah. when the children took upon the challenge and i've created a beautiful forest on this matter, quite honestly what i was expecting was attorney batch of land with some trees. but as we walk around, i realize some art has done so much more, and i go see that you have all mailed them the canopy, hilda, the unmet good. you have keys which are, you know, knowing so. and it's time to get a taste of the forest. it has, whoops miss chalet, dip way, we can try it. okay. this is and it has

a beautiful die that also comes out of it. if it is, see the a little bit better, but it's not yet ripened. ok, it's, it's, it's yet. do you know that ivan but, but the birds don't spirit if you eat on the brand new. it's not like to leave her lovely papa lovely purple color under surprises on every corner in bold. these wetland clean, it's crystal clear, and that is because of the athletic lady hungry from that. right. that's all for babies. and lots of fish which get into biking, fissions, head on going to less, but in the city will land comes to premiums. how can we design our cities for the dying creature? for a little children design, when we design with benita, we do have a walking truck and the mini forest, but it's a walking truck that absorbs water. it's a walking truck that allows middle ford butterflies like peddling, and it closes the water to see down. so maybe if you can design with the nature, you know, with the little chain in the designs,

we can still have the green the around us. we can still have the parts for cycling, and roads and bots for walking. so much dream is to create mini forest across india and his only just begun. ringback you want my love for 1st i'm now headed to meet biologist fi, ask woodside walking, which is leading to revise the flood plains on the yamuna with our restaurants, about same 40 to 45 kilometers from collateral club. the moment it causes was here, i bought quickly, it even become a seabrook, then your system is almost dead. not providing any college cars services. then what is the answer? the answer comes through signs and that says that a college girl is tradition, is the only way to restore these systems as a city of daily jews. so did the pleasures on the devil. the floodplain was destroyed over time and its forest grass lids wetlands. and why life was all lost.

yardie indigo. v, as in his deem wanted to change that. a parcel of nearly 457 acres of land was handed over to his steam, led by professor c r barble by the delhi development authority that manages the land. the glitter rickland was the 1st task be, this'll be area, and now you see 100 acres of midland. it, he targeting the ground water portrait down to $100.00 eco revitalized wetland is in stark contrast to the brown yamuna, just outside of the park. we'll try done, it's time to get our hands dirty. says going to be a day of ha, ha ha, ah, what you both a good time to normally head in with her for hours and wednesday, mid thiel in 3 and bio fence. so as also as a de,

securing this for, as you can see, look at the shop pullman's. and imagine if you had a hobby wall, the still coming here to have a juicy bite on this plan. you want to want to stay away. and now you're going to do is just take a piece of stream and buy it all it own to secured it. so we put a good brand and built a girl in a go, oh, i know that he talked for a 1000000 until by the success of the biodiversity for the government. if a, as in his team more land, he's now managing 7 such box across nellie that are now precious upon the trees of the cities. naturally, when my last stop is at a private resort, i'm going to meet each other educated, saw him. madame. ringback it's the time when delhi is a bus driver. the autism resort has invited volunteers to come and count

butterflies on the property. before we start, the big butterfly count some instructions from here on the rules of the game. the important things is one, your location, and 2nd, your starting and ending instructions complete. we find out to not as many species as we can under the able guidance of. so he'll the butterflies keep us in the tizzy as the frolic around us. i'm curious to know from the or not a schwinney why this initiative is important to him. like the for forest zones here are supported completely by the cycle water. so 1st we're doing the blue pill groundwater. second, the to use recycled water, which people called waste water. i called liquid good. and this is how we are putting these various forest sooner together. and the resort the golf course. the homes are incidental to do for us and not the other way around. and it's time for

so he'll to reveal the final count. we have about 22 species of butterflies and 76 individuals. wow. that we've done. we actually got some data so he'll, with the citizen signs initiating some out with his mini forest for us with his passion for the biodiversity box. we seem like a handful of people in the city riddled with problems but they've left me with so many ideas on how biodiversity can be better protected in our city . for most indians i mothers, grandmothers, old aunts always have something that comes from their back yard or their kitten that fixes almost everything. ah, you have bad skin applies on your garden, honey,

your skin in addition and been both apply some name best from lemon push ahmed it. that is always something that comes to the rescue, but it doesn't end there. you will. the stores and medical stores across the world have brought up that i believe from nita. but often these all ingredients are considered to be free for the taking but either cosmetic fuel, the power of real cope, bread all gonna pharmaceuticals, nationally developed to help soothe and relax, uni, cleaning, product, remove health day like an auto film. many of them contain ingredients originally derived from nature. and why not? i mean, there's a lot we can learn from the environment. it's not that simple. over the last decades, companies and institutions have claimed natural compounds and substances of their own and hijacked the knowledge of how to use them. they have profited some think to

the tune of billions of dollars, who's paying the price. welcome to the world of bio, piracy bio prospecting is defined in the united nations document as the exploration of plant and animal species for the utilization of their genetic resources. it basically describes companies and institutions looking for new natural substances to use in their product. then in recent decades it's, it's pharmaceutical companies. it's buying the companies regard recalled through companies can or chemical companies as well or claiming intellectual property rights relating to lourdes. the research and development that they've been doing and they're doing that through payton's. the idea is that new inventions cost companies, time and money and research to help them make that back. payton's,

give them exclusive rights over that innovation for a set period of time. the bottom that we should have about investor mode. so did the industries, i'd appreciate it for debbie set, but it becomes more problematic when traditional knowledge of communities is involved. take the name tree known as the tree of life. in india. it has vast medicinal and healing properties. and it can also be used to make organic pesticides and fungus sites. in 1995 us multinational w r. grace was granted a european patent. manime oil used as part of it, so gannet fungicide, mnemic for a brand worth over $60000000.00 per year. according to a 2008 report indigenous communities in india had already been using name oil as a fungicide for centuries. but others profited from their knowledge. the appropriation and commercialization of genetic resources like planting strikes and

indigenous knowledge for profit. this is whereby a prospecting can turn into bio piracy. companies use patents to protect innovations without fair compensation for communities where the genetic material and knowledge comes from. there should be a balance between the advancement in technology and also what is entre if noted on it should be preserved. it should not be misappropriated. it took 10 years for the european patent on the use of the name compound to be overturned. but this is far from a typical outcome for indigenous communities. they often lack the funds and support to fight payton. and there are other problems too. it can also be harmful to buy a diversity. hootie a gordon. i is a plant fountain, south africa. it's like a cactus, essentially, it doesn't look appetizing, which is pretty fitting because he is a natural appetite suppressant. the son people of the region used the plant to keep

them going while hunting. but its properties made it very attractive. the business research south africa's counsel for scientific and industrial research, c, f i r. use the plan to extract to formulate the molecule p $57.00 as a hunger suppressant for treating obesity in the 19 ninety's. the center patented the molecule and licensed it to multinational farmer company pfizer. and then you k based biotech fighter farm no credit was given to the sun people. and there was so much interest and high about this on the pounds in the research. it was in newspapers, it's reported globally on that it was decimated by opportunity. so people came out and sort of decided they were going to make money off off on the removal of this plan. the sale of this plan who dea has had to be protected in south africa,

namibia, illegal harvesting is one of the main threats against the plant. it took until the early 2, thousands for the fan people to become aware of the cfo patent. with help from n g o's, the community successfully campaigned for the role of their traditional knowledge to be acknowledged under a benefit sharing agreement, they were to receive milestone of royalty payments. it's not clear how many cases of bio piracy there have been. the united nations has tried to instigate a solution under its convention on biological diversity. the aim of the nagoya protocol is to share benefits from bio prospecting with indigenous communities. there is a growing recognition in general that a whole issue of nature and by diversity is important. and it's important because

as you worse are more, more interested in a more aware and asking questions. nuts, rick coach le ganga, executive director of the union. unethical bio trade. it's a membership based organization that helps companies comply with the protocol and awards them with a certification on their product. if they do, all these regulations are still, you are filled up people up and sometimes unclear. still on land, there is a framework one that extends around 200 nautical miles from a nation's border into the ocean. beyond the new frontier for exploration and potential exploitation, the high seas offer an abundance of possibilities. marine organisms can live in extreme pressure temperatures, darkness, animals like sponges, produced chemicals that have the potential to treat cancer. the global market

projected for marine biotechnology by 2025 is $6400000000.00 with the potential for youths and pharmaceuticals, chemical and biofuel industries. nations a currently trying to figure out how to share the ocean's resources, equitably. countries in the global south don't want to be left behind, bio discovery by a prospecting. however you want to call it to make scientific and technological advancements. well, it's clear that we need it. it has very, very significantly contributed to kind of human human well being. if you look at all kinds of medicines, they're based on natural remedies. they're based on bio prospecting. so by prospecting is perfect is important. bill remain very important in the future. but it has to be done in a way that is fair to the biodiversity rich nations, where these solutions are found. one way is by creating guidelines on what can be

patented and how companies and research institutions should work with indigenous and local researchers, developers and marketing. working together gifts, both local communities and companies alike, the opportunity to profit. it also ensures the protection of the species providing us with the means to make advancements and technology, health, food security and beyond. anybody who has a small house plant knows that even a tiny blind need some external nutrients and some for delays as every once in a while to stay happy and healthy. oh, so it would only make sense that farmers would need to use for delays us to enhance the productivity of their crop. ah, but in the longer run over using these chemical fertilizers can not only damage the soil, but it can also reduce the fertility of the site. but nature has its own way of creating an ideal fertilizer. we had to with of relief to find out why

for generations, because things family has been growing wheat body on sugar can on this 30 acre farm in the northern state of the upper dish. india, so called green revolution in the 19 sixty's brought how you grow varieties to the country. other sins farmers have increasingly relied on chemical fertilizers. like done millennium foster and julia to squeeze productivity from the soil thing. foam was no exception, but in recent years he has seen clear signs that the soil here is reaching a breaking point was said to have had ladies at the head reg yameen radio and then get in. newark or dame fertilizers have robbed. the soil offers moisture. it is becoming less burnett, new and needs more water every season. yeah, that fine, if you must, that, are you how your, what fietta you from the more we use, fertilizers, them, auto, vignette, our union, a thief with an idea that bonnie me of melana bertha eager to bring this vicious

cycle he took bought in a book shop at a nearby composed factory, undiscovered remy from boston, a natural way to encourage blonde group by using earth to lumps. i mean i'm forcing egg bio and glenn me. composting is a biological process. it creates didi and crop vs as 4th one on one side i or crops here. oh god one i'm just am i already did the bull substances and digest it wire to gumble ever. you go in jest, it's, i go to have certain my cool mills and james and the be, it is such a good the fall on it excrete lake and it's costumes. i any god, let me come post. what exclude? i run me them boys can only i get i had one of the others working to spread the word on the benefits that up once had been performing. the callers of long been recognized as the living, breathing engineers of the underworld and play a key role in our soil ecosystems. their castings contain a range of vital nutrients, that blond sneed, including nitrogen,

phosphorus and potassium, how gay, organic minority i've i, me composed as good because it makes the soil crumbly, damn by increasing its moisture holding capacity over time it okay. why? so the holding, i think, useful morality one of the people she has won over to the cause of them. composting is entrepreneurial critique, but judge will he get you as a little bit alien with his amy, i have always been drawn to nature. i used to love playing with bumps as a kid, but i never imagined that outward would when they lead me to start my own business amazon. he began his business with one aim to develop a viable competitor to chemical fertilizes that costs half the price of most women come forced bronze in the indian market glee this as it took us $1.00 and a half yellow fixed mentation to find that i'd processes i tried out different techniques toward this problems which know what me composting men will seem to

address. like, how should you say of the word me compose from rainfall and it's harmful effects on the compost. we had to leave all the little nonsense to such problems. we had many failures along the way, but we also had many, such as it is getting successes that resulted in a product dries to compete with chemical fertilizers at. but jobs composed production facility. they begin by collecting cow dung from near by day funds. this dung is laid down and shallow den me to long pits where it rests for about 10 days . the spirit of pre composter and kills parasites and releases most of the heat that the organic material carries. at the end of this period at once added into the piles of brick, composter dung. the earth warmth eat their way through the pile and excrete material is devonie composed. that is the end product of the process. light and temperature have to be kept to a minimum throughout the treatments. it usually takes for the bombs to eat through the entirety of a pile, such as this. the bombs are separated out and the moist when we combust is then

dried and prepared for packing. after testing the quality of the contents, it is sealed and sent off to customers. ice can kiss on her tis may chemical effort, laser use kara, the one we can push a pooley that he has on him. previous either farmers are using chemical fertilizers, every barrier. so shifting to what me composed might take some time, but if it progress as we have been, we will get there sooner rather than later on. it has many benefits for farmers in deducing cost and increasing productivity. and the end consumer vendor of liter, paddy would get better quality food. go tailgate hoko was call kanu via teaching, meaning critique also drains farmers and helps them make the switch to were me combusting. he has done workshops for over a 1000 farmers and allow farmers like mun, breed sing, who recently decided to replace comical fertilizers on his sugar again, farm. actually every thought log, right. know people see what we are drink and markers, hadn't they say we are need deep in dung all day?

yeah, well, but we don't care or, i mean we're focused on the results. how we can make sure that what we consume, he can't eat bread pulses, and dry sal is chemical from your banana. he was, he's got an indian companies have long been exporting for me. can post with farmers at home, have been slow to embrace the method. the hesitation likely stems from the fact that it takes 3 to 5 years for the soil to adopt and deliver the same productivity as the chemical fertilizers who gave money. so i still have or have any feeling. bullying, gave eyeglasses, scissors, soil is accustomed to, and heavily dependent on fertilizers. initially there is a deduction in that is why there should not be a sudden switch to one, become paused. the doors of chemicals should be induced, gradually reduce the amount of eliza and increase the doors of. let me come paused

od organic menu. how about best buy? thank gaming value, and i'm a percent. orderly. farmers in this region have begun recognizing the need to see of this soil from the damage caused by chemicals. the confident that rummy composed will ensure that their farms is stay productive, while saving water is sauces and putting healthier produce on people split. lou, i had a lot of fun on today's episode in our journey to farms and forest. these reports gave me more insight into the need for preserving our natural heritage that gives us the ingredients that under been not health and wellbeing. but you will let me know what did you like the most about these episode, and what would you like to see more or you can write to us at e, going to add that a d, w dot com. keep coming back every week as we explore more about our environment until

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