ah, why are they so invisible to the larger public? ah, we decided to ask them. what is the poetry the secret of the house about their struggles and dreams. u for umbrella possibility is huge. they have so much to lose. shattering the glass ceiling women in architecture. this has to be really, really good. starts april 20th on d. w. journalist evan gresh kavitsky had sat in that very moscow courtroom, many times reporting on other people's trials, often those of political prisoners. to day it was him standing in the defendant's glass cage while his colleagues on the other side faced the disheartening task of covering the trial of one of their own. in his 1st partially open court appearance,

the wall street journal correspondent appealed against his pre trial detention, but was denied bail his lawyer say he is in good spirits reading tolstoy and planning to write a book upon his release. but a lot of time could pass until then, if found guilty on espionage charges score, scrimmage could face 20 years in prison on nickel further. kimberly this is the day . ah, i can only say how troubling it was to see evan. an innocent journalist held in these circumstances. i can speak to heaven as a reporter. i want to very, very closely with him. and i know how seriously questioning his world the charges against evan or baseless how much thought he gave to her, and partial reporting from russia. we continue to call for his immediate release

from this on just and i think david rex really showed how incredibly dangerous it is because kevin was simply doing his job and also on the day is the west abiding by sanctions imposed on russia over its invasion of ukraine, there have been questions whether switzerland is doing what had promised. this was president came to berlin to say he is fully committed to cave b. it also alicia we had, we are all struggling with this situation which developed brutally a little over a year ago. is right up to switzerland has fully accepted the sanctions. switzerland has been very active on the side of ukraine for the reconstruction of ukraine. these are all small. a welcome to the shout. it was evan garage. kevin is 1st public appearance since his detention 3 weeks ago. at a court and moscow in front of many of his journalist piers who have worked alongside him for years,

the wall street journal reporter was denied pre trial bail. he will have to spend the time until his next hearing and the notorious life or toe prison, a symbol of state sponsored repression. since the soviet era, the wall street journal reporter has been charged with spying. following his arrest late last month of it, and his employer denied any wrong doing and washington is calling for his immediate release. the 1st time you esther analyst has been detained on espionage charges by russia since the end of the cold war. and we can now speak to william courtney. he's a senior fellow at the rand corporation in washington, d. c. he's also a former us ambassador to kazakhstan and george, i'm mr. courtney. thank you so much for joining us now. evan gorski, which is the latest only, and a series of foreigners facing what many observers are saying are trumped up or even fake charges. what is your take on what the russian authorities are doing here? it certainly is affect charge, but in the ocean. so certain players from times when the russians warm to trade of

spar. oh, so for example, their dental oscars would like to search the previous one or what your journal is. susan rose was born to go over your gym of training material 1st bar. so you expect to see a prisoner exchange here then because there are other u. s. americans currently held on faith charges that they alleged or fake made up charges against. for example, paul whelan, do you expect for the authorities to move more quickly on gross given his case here? usually the russian course takes on charm and the russians typically will not trade somewhat until after they have been convicted in a russian court. so it could take some months for this to play out. all the terms in trade will be it's not, no, there is a spart in brazil currently who was in the united states in graduate

schools. it's possible that you could be involved in trying just unclear at this point. now, these kinds of swap, they are problematic in a way aren't they? russia has sold previous prisoner exchange this the last one, for example, the one with brittany griner and, and mr. boot there as an american capitulation, so how should the u. s. government go about these kinds of negotiation? or you will go to the soviet period. there was a question. yes. and the trade for example, the u. s. received a which is think or just that and gave up a john one spot. and some people argue the insurance rates. in the case of britain greiner, she was so certainly in some respects, that was on church road since there to vote. the person who was involved in the

trade was a legendary and notorious or national arms dealer. but the politics. so the situations vera for on the case. and so in britain, writers cares for example, the been quite successful for the united states under, but was, had already started on the 1st sentence. anyway. this is meant, of course, not only tend to be a journalist, but also to pressure washington to soften. it stands on moscow in a way, is there a chance it could achieve that goal? no chance whatsoever. slash swamps usually don't reach that far into genuine political issues. so for example, russians war on your grade is a huge issue. aspire swap will not have any impact on that war. what do you think because you, of course, have observed russia for many years. what do you think is going on behind the scenes in the kremlin? is there anybody telling food this is not a good idea?

let's not go down that road or is everybody just applauding these kinds of decisions? well as remembered, villa is now wrong by security serv, of kids. the veterans, both who did himself and his top aides. and so they sometimes are eager to get caught spies, russian spies who are caught abroad to get them back. partly because they're concerned though spiders may review information to afford intelligence service or betray russia. so in this case, it's hard to know that it's quite possible that they are concerned to get back a russian spar. and just on monday, opposition activists and fellow journalists letter mir car. moore's. i was sentenced to 25 years in prison. do you think depression of anti kremlin voices in russia could get any worse at this point? so in the 3 decades of modern independence now, russia has never been more repressive internally than it is now. and never been

more aggressive extra early. that is now waging the war. my demon has been caught in s. c. s genuine hero, a russian who really as a patriot sticking out for freedom, it has counter. he has caught on this as a lag, sorry about it, some more prices that they have to pay it of us having health issues in prison for example. right now will problem seems to want to become more and more repetitive and purpose and scared their own people, may rebel. how should the international community respond to that? where for full throated condemnation is what is happening now. in europe is right, gross media. giving a lot of attention to both of audi. i'm kind of moser, case of certainly the expectation of the united states members of congress speak out. so it's important that the state will not be forgot that governments and g o

and be abroad, speak out for them. does a lot of me or care about members of congress speaking out though, because he clearly has an agenda here. now he ran a doctor a whole lot, but members or congress passed factions and a lot of the sanctions are really beginning to dive deeper now into the russian economy. and also members of congress approved funds for arming ukraine. so to, to public health care, to some extent he of course, cares a lot about the dissent within the country being silence. is there anything the russian civil society can can do to work against this craft down? oh, bring enough just proof. no 2nd power have there been so many stresses on the kremlin was enough as the alternation the hardliners had been quite critical of russian military performance in your grade. and now in

a very unusual circumstance and citizen of the guardian for goshen has created a private army with the kremlin support and or a government to remain in power. having private armies outside full control, the government is a sign of weakness. and so it is possible now that the criminal was more worried about long, it's going to be able to sustain itself at a time of military action. your crane have been very embarrassing for russia and the economic standards of living people architecture to go down because of sanctions, aboard of performance. yeah. and what the kremlin is trying to do, most of all is to symbolize strength here, right. how do you expect that to play out in the coming weeks, months, years for that will depend on the success or lack of granite counter offenses, which are going to take place this year. the cranium show

a lot of momentum on the battlefield. russia just attempt to the offensive last couple of months and it sputtered pretty much failed. so that's been pretty embarrassing. others cause more hardline, criticism of the criminal. it's difficult to predict how these things came out over the past year or so. the been a number of predictions about the war and grain in the west. a lot of those predictions are not turned out so well. so we should follow events there. but let's be prudent about making predictions that was fully courtney at the rand corporation . thank you. so much for your time greg. welcome. ah, we adopted the e u sanctions and of course we take this completely seriously and we are simply doing everything that can be done in order to enforce them. seriously. it was it that was switzerland's,

president alarm bell said speaking in berlin to day about his country's commitment to sanctioning the kremlin over the war in ukraine, but is switzerland really doing all we can to implement sanctions on russia and what are other western countries doing to prevent russia from trading with the west? well, according to a report in the financial times, some switch companies are using a loophole in switzerland sanctions legislation to circumvent restrictions and are continuing to trade in millions of dollars of russian gold and oil. the authors of the report say, a provision and swiss law allows its companies overseas subsidiaries to trade russian commodities, as long as they are legally independent, a term this was sanctions enforcement agency declined to define and about all of this, we can speak mount anastasio, fedex, she is an assistant professor of finance at aha school of business at the university of california berkeley. and she's also a founding member of the pressure group economist for ukraine mas faded. good. see

you again. i want to get on to switzerland in a 2nd, but evan gross cabbage of the wall street journal was detained shortly after the paper ran a piece precisely saying that western sanctions were biting. how worried is russia about these sanctions? they are worried and to see that we just need to look at what they're doing rather than what they're saying. as, as an example on the russian government actually entry band every single non ukrainian american member of our international working group on sanctions. right. alongside and prominent people that jill biden, i'm so that's a clear signal that they are preceding our sanctions. recommendations as extremely negative for the russian government. so for sure there, there are worried about sanctions that zooming in on switzerland. they say they are doing everything they can to seriously implement sanctions against russia. are they ah, that that's a great question. and i mean in reality you sanctions are not perfect. non perfect

in switzer, unfortunate perfect, in other places as well. but in switzerland, in particular, there is this tension because historically they've had an entrenched believe that a lot of the success of their industry, especially their financial industry and sort of relies on privacy on kind of hiding count ownership. and these kind of ask no questions. and that type of approaches, and that does just kind of not the case anymore in kind of in the modern interconnected would largely global economy. it's a lot more about corporation, a lot less about their hiding and that kind of privacy. and i think switzerland is moving in the right direction on that front. but the question is, what, whether that's too slow at the g 7 and even bassett or signed a letter recently calling for switzerland to close loopholes. that would allow companies there to circumvent sanctions on russia. now is that completely without

hypocrisy or sanctions being implemented to the fullest extent in the g 7 nations and, and an e u member states? i mean the short answer is no technically not fully without hypocrisy. and of course, there is scope for better implementation for better tracking everywhere. but i think the important thing is that the hypocrisy angle and away is irrelevant. it doesn't change what is right and wrong, and it shouldn't be preventing an individual members when calling each other out to do better. so i think there's quite a bit of research heterogeneity. and the way that sanctions have been implemented across different countries on different countries are leading or lagging in different domains on right. so for example, individual on russian oligarchs and or sanctioned by the you, is not exactly the same set as who are sanctioned by the us or the state sponsor of terrorism designation on has been implemented in the you where it's less fighting.

not yet in the u. s where it's more biting out of so one of the main recommendations on from our sanctions and the group of economists for 2023 is to bring those things. morning sing. and of course, that should be done by adopting the maximum of union set of sanctions. so for example, if an individual is sanctioned in either u. s. are you on the should be stationed by phone? and to do so, i think leaders in each area who are, i'm kind of at the forefront should be able to apply pressure and to call out laggards without getting bogged down in these kind of what about isms hypocrisy issues. all right, fair enough. now you talked about switzerland's business model, there being based on, on this principle of privacy and no questions asked, but, but switzerland also has been proudly leaning on it's on. it's as sad as, as a neutral country for a very long time. right. and i want to ask you, if a country can really call itself neutral if its passivity is benefiting the

aggressor? yeah, of course there limits to neutrality, right? as sir, i guess, as an example, refusing to prosecute a murder would not be cold neutrality. that would be cold, a failure to do justice on the same can be said for can continue to do business with russia, refusing to apply appropriate levers on and punishments it to maximally, stop russia's ongoing aggression in ukraine for sure that the term you can you try lady and have has those limits when you start running into clear violations. let's look at some of the specifics of the sanctions that are in place against russia because the, the price caps on russian oil introduced by some countries have been really cut the price of russian oil as much as was hoped. does that have to do with the mechanism itself or with russia limiting production? yes, so there are few things in place i would say. then there's the mechanism, then there is kind of the specifics of the mechanism. and then there's

implementations. i think the mechanism is kind of the, the success rate. that's what we worked out as we took several months on that for the allied countries to really kind of put in place on that. so having that framework is already of really large step forward because now we can tighten the specifics in that framework on. so that's the next step. uh, we definitely can the economists in the sanctions group do recommend lowering the price cap. i'm now that we have a neck and his mom place we can now start applying that pressure. i'm the other thing of course, is the implementation and, and we are seeing i'm some evidence of issues there. um, in terms of what price rushes actually selling oil to versus what is being reported? so i think that for sure, and the 2nd leverage that should be a big focus with 2023 and is going to be to prevent the kind of side transfers that are violating the price can. how can that be done? i think kind of quite similar to what we're talking about with switzerland on when

applying more pressure on our allies to kind of do their job in terms of framework for tracking. and then putting a lot of the kind of tracking reporting, transparency requirements on private entities. so kind of know your customer type of regulations were individual firms should be responsible for on tracking what is happening with, with their products, including products that they're insuring in the case of oil or transporting as well as kind of affirmatively attesting that they're not in violation. where of any breach of such an air, permit of at a station would then carried a appropriate penalties in, in terms of um, fine straight for the corporate entity. yeah. and now that you mention pressure, the g 7 as worn repeatedly. that any country helping rush as war effort, you know, looking over a china mostly would face severe costs, but they never really explain what the consequences would be. how effective can

these kinds of threats be if they're formulated in such a vague way? yeah, i think the reason for that is similar to the reason that we took several months to design our price cap mechanism. right? there is a large diplomatic aspect to it where we need to work out what is feasible on what, what is going to work, what we have to buy in from you know, a larger set of to 3rd parties. and so that's why they're vague for now. but, and that, that doesn't mean that they're being not being worked out and then, and kind of more specific basis. and certainly i'm kind of in, in terms of issues specific guidance that the sanctions group does recommend being up front. and that once we have anything specific in mind about this will happen to kind of deter, rather than have to actually go through and you know, punish exposed, which is not in anybody's interest. as i said it from the high school of business at u. c. berkeley, always great speaking to you. thank you so much. likewise,

thank you. for now, fierce debate has been sparked and the world of photography after an artist entered a photo competition with an image generated by artificial intelligence. and one, the image shows to women which do not exist and was entered into the creed of category of the sony world photography awards by german artist boris and jackson. alexson has refused the prize and said he submitted the image to find out if competitions would be prepared for a i images to enter. looks like they were not. and the artist behind that picture joins me now, boris elder than welcome to the day. now it's being reported that you revealed that the picture you submitted was the a i generated, but you were pretty up front about it ever since you found out you were selected, weren't you? yes, of course, it was not about winning and you've seen his laws making

a test trying to find out if the competition as prepared. and my mission was to create awareness for that that we need to keep this in mind and for the community that it is going to happen. it's going to happen on a much, much larger scale in the future. and how did the organizers of be a man react when he had told them the picture was in fact not a photograph wireless or i offered them. they could like give it to someone else. but if they don't, would be good to have an open conversation for the public. yeah, because it is something that is pressuring the for the community. the response was taught the we're saying you can keep it. and dad was, if there was no response to my off off having the discussion or conversation and how did you react? because you obviously wanted to take this further and, and as you say, create a conversation. and i was just waiting what was going

to happen. and how day would announce my work in the press release or 2 weeks later, and they sent it out and there was no word about that. it was a i generate, it could have been like stress stedman saying it is the 1st day i generated image in competition. and bowers didn't tell us before or chicky monkey. and um, yes but, but how do we go from here? yeah. he is right. this can happen, this will happen on a larger scale. we need to talk about it. we need to look at our correlations. we need to find a structure for the future. that was my intent. but it never happened. and press inquired very early after the press release was a bothered image. looks different, is it a i generated and press executed, contacted me. we have so many inquiries about your picture. can you tell me more about it? and then i realized that press executive did not know what it 2 weeks before. i

explained it in detail in an email. so the conversation a communication amongst a team of the organizers did somehow feel. then i sent a statement describing again, what i did, an audi image was produced, how active i am in a german scene in talking about this in the photography worlds about a future relationship between photography and a i to night images. and it's important to do an open discussion and the response i got late and even in versus miley m. thank you. now on, wow, my offer, let's tired out. like i was a senior, honest out. we don't have much time, but i do want to, she wants to know what you think the discussion should be focusing on. but it's happening and i have to really thank the community for taking it further. the day started to talk about it 1st the night and it became such a large debate that the media like you became aware of it. and this is what i was

hoping for. so what we need for the future is to be need to have term for this kind of imagery. it's not an a i photo, the best test and i have at the moment it's a prompt or crappy. it's produced with prompts. it's very clear up front and it shows you can either generate images that look like drawing or painting. and once we know it's 2 different entities, we can talk about as malaria t's because they look like photography. they have learned the language of photography that now it's free, floating and an entity in itself. so what are we doing now in the photo community? how do we define photography? is it large enough to invite a i generated emitters or palm to graphic him? or is it better to keep it separate? but for competitions, i don't think it's wrong that both compete in the same category. all of this is happening now on a large scale. and i'm very thankful for the community that made it happen. and

there is a big discussion to be had we unfortunately do not have the time to dig it any further for as alex and thank you so much and thank you for starting a very, very timely conversation about the future of photography and the future of i think thanks for having me. that is our time, but make sure to stay informed. stay engaged and stay in touch. you can follow our team on twitter at the windows and myself at nicole underscore furnished now though from the entire team on the day. thank you so much for spending parts of your day with ah, with

who i. not one more reached the after tough on the easiest great ball she could have saved her life. yet the doctors were afraid to help. poland has one of the strict just to passion goes into europe and it's dividing the country polish women

struggle fighting for abortion rights. clue sub in 30 minutes, d w o. as i t depression, bipolar disorder, mental health issues like these are seen our starboard topics in many against societies, yell africans struggling with their mental health i left to their own devices. in the past, people have stuck to these misconceptions about mental health. that mental illness is a curse, or, you know it's demon possession, the 77 percent 90 minutes on t w. trio taking on a nigerian trafficking that works with over those mounting evidence that nigerian human trafficking enforced prostitution are also taking place here in the school with the trio,

combating. she dealings starts april 29th on d w. hey guys, it's avalanche. are my welcome to my podcast, love matter, but i invite the lever teeth influences and experts to talk about all playing. loved back from day to here, and yet today, nothing. less of all these things and more and then you know, season off the plot can make sure to tune and wherever you get your pot path and join the conversation because you know it who love matters ah ah ah

ah, ah, ah, business d w news line from berlin, so don, cease, fire all ready and tatters. i me finding was seen in the capital right up until the 24 hour deal took effect. and there have been several reports of gunfire since we got more from cartoon. also coming up, a russian court denies bail for a detained he western list wall street journal reporter.