awe, april was supposed to be the month the sudanese people finally saw a resolution to their country's long running political crisis, but instead of an agreement between the parties disputing power. the past 6 days have produced nothing but destruction and death. fighting between the sudanese military and the rapid support forces militia has killed hundreds of civilians and the capital cartoon. indiscriminate urban warfare has thousands sheltering and placed slowly running out of food and water. and as these fire after seas fire fails, those who can are fleeing a country violently spiraling toward civil war. i'm nichol really, him, berlin, and this is the day ah, one of the major difficulty because of the natural grayson. there's urban warfare

going. nowhere is safe. nowhere is actually secure at the moment in the cartoon, people are on the stage. they're running out of food running out to pool to that terrace fight. they are all the ancient and the ambulance is. the medical personnel cannot reach them. what we need to worry about now, it's not the civil war, but this conflict line also on the day war games of a different kind in the baltics, nato, was conducting exercises to fend off hackers and growing fears of russian cyber attacks. traditionally military's focus only their own systems, they need to be available to direct the warfare effort, etc, etc. but on the same time, we see that with a war in ukraine,

the adversary's trying to destroy the electricity civilian infrastructure on. so actually, what is under attack is everything. welcome to the program. we begin in sudan where the country's top 2 generals have turned on each other in a violent battle for control of the country. 4 years ago, there were hopes that a popular uprising would end the military's grip on sudan and paved the way to civilian rule. authoritarian leader a mar alba. sheer was ousted after 3 decades and power and a transitional government was established to oversee the shift to democracy. but that dream proved short lived and 2021. the military overthrew the civilian government in a qu, putting the brakes on the democratic transition. on saturday, a new conflict erupted between army chief ob dell, fatah bore han and his deputy while i'm at home done, douglas better known as him, metty, he commands the paramilitary rapid support forces. generals who once united to oust

omar alba sheer now turned bitter arrivals. some of the fiercest fighting has been in the capital cartoon home to 5000000 people. many have been sheltering at home as intense battles, rage hoping their buildings will be spared the explosions and gunfire outside. i'll be all while dang is an east africa and saw hel, regional analyst as well as an international development consultant. i'll be all good to see you at 6 days of fighting and no let up inside. how did we get here? well, as you mentioned, this is the result of the credits that happened in 2021. these 2 generals who came together to join the civilian forces 4 years ago to overthrow bashir then decided to reverse the civilian leader, former prime minister of dela handbook, and claimed that they would eventually seek a civilian transition, but they've been pushing it off. they've been delaying it, and in the meantime,

the sudanese economy has been suffering great me. and as such, here we are today. the 2 different factions are fighting each other because they know that eventually one of them has to be on top. just because the economic situation can no longer can no longer wait for, for the, for the did this come as much of a surprise to observers? absolutely. and someone who knows sudan very well and who knows to return very well . what is the most shocking about what's going on right now is just the level of violence in the past. we've never seen this type of fighting within hard to me. i heard earlier on your report urban warfare. this is what having spoken to people in hard to today, they've described door to door shooting, people being thrown out of their apartment as the fighting with blocked block, every level of artillery from tanks to helicopter gunship,

to fighter jet sniper. and moreover, one of the biggest issues is that the seas fire so far have not been able to hold. there was one today that lasted from one to 6 pm, according to one of the people i know, and i don't, but it's already been been broken and the fighting has resumed. not just in harpoon, but also in the neighboring city of under a month. why are the see fire is not holding. the reason is because both forces to be honest it's, it's almost like a race to the bottom. both forces. they claim that they, that they care. but the reality is they're both fighting for supremacy. they're both fighting too. when i spoke to a relative of mine who is in sudan, who said this is really a 0 fight. one of the sides has to, when they know the international community is going to push whichever side comes out victorious to make some compromises. but neither of them want to be the side

that makes the compromises. so as such, they're actually using there's a lot of evidence or using the sci fi as to reinforce the positions. and as such, there is no real so far they haven't been any see, as far as that have lasted even 24 hours. and this is all in the context of the last 10 days of ramadan, which normally are extremely holy for muslims. yeah, there is a doubt about whether or not the army and the r f leader have their fighters under control, especially when they agree to these fire, but then the fighting continued. how dangerous could that be? i think it's extremely dangerous, and i think it's very important that you mentioned that the, this is one of the elements is the lack of control of the fighters. i would stress that particularly for the recessive is a paramilitary group. it's started as a group of irregular and getting them under control will probably be even more

difficult than getting the sort of nice regular army under control. so this is definitely one of the issues. also, each faction has to satisfy the demands to a certain extent of their paymasters. you know, the different countries that are also involved in financing them. so the deadliness and the lease ality of what's going on is most likely going to increase just because there isn't enough reason for either side to give up right now. you know, they have already in the past decided that they did in mind the country not receiving financial aid, not receiving, you know, not having to, it's that erased. and at this point, they know that they're at the critical hour and it's such they're really fighting to be fighting, fighting to do. and now that you mention international actors, what has their role been in the lead up to this? and what could be international community? maybe do to solve this crisis. well, the international community, you know,

sudan was taken off of the terrorist list under handbook and things were bidding to normalize to done was beginning to be able to access a, her international financial institutions such as the math and the world bank. and, you know, things were, were starting starting off the right foot in order to repair some of the damage that was brought to the economy by this year. and also by the loss of south sudan, which, you know, oil rich and provided quite a lot of money for sudan. the, the issue is that both generals decided that rather than have a real civilian transition, they want to make sure that one of them was in charge. and so they allowed the economy to suffer. i think the international community has done its best to try to ensure that there are some financial punishment for both sides. but right now, in order to who to stop things, i think it, it's 2 steps. wonder absolutely has to be

a fire. i've spoken to people who have talked about being trapped in, in buildings for 4 or 5 days. you know, the indiscriminate fighting discriminant shooting, not necessarily targeted, but just lawlessness. one of the things that i also will say the hallmark of how bad it is is like, for example, so lines haven't been cut traditionally into down when there's a crude it, it's one group that comes takes over gets on tv and then cups the phone lines and such, but that hasn't even happened because it's just kind of an all out war in which no side really has control. and in fact, one of the things that keeps coming back to, to me from people on the ground is, i don't know who's in control right now. i'm not sure. which forces is in charge. yeah, so i think the international community has to push course these fire. we don't have much time, but i do want to know how the stabilizing a bigger conflict in su, dawn can be for the entire region. absolutely, very, very devastating,

particularly for the 2 countries that have the longest borders with sudan, which is south sedan and ethiopia, clearly so down as opposed to the renaissance down and ethiopia, and also for south down, which is the will depend in economy, salsa don receives about 90 percent of its g d p from oil and all of that transits through sudan. so students already been fragile ised by civil war. and a sharp drop in humanitarian aid due to the ukraine crisis is dependent on that oil, and most likely is not receiving oil now. and all of this at a time in which there is heavy inflation in both sit down and cell to con. so it's, yeah, it has the potential to spark a very, very big regional crisis, not just with refugees and economy, but also with, with fighting international development consultant obviously. while dang, thank you so much for your time. ah, columbia started

a new political era last year when gustavo petra was elected as its 1st left wing president. columbia has long been one of the closest u. s. allies in latin america. but that relationship could now be put to the test petro and his use counterpart. joe biden glossed over their differences as they sat down for talks in washington today. but under petro columbia, shifting away from policies favored by the united states, it no longer supports efforts to isolate venezuelan president nicholas madura, for example. and petro is called for sanctions. to be lifted is also sharply criticized us drugs. policy saying the war on drugs has failed and done more damage . and good more. we can now speak to doris right back. she is a latin american specialist with a consultancy firm colombia risk analysis and joins us from bogo. tom, now that vitamin petro have different views on many, many things, but do want to deepen cooperation on issues such as climate change and migration.

what we've heavier here. hi, thank you for having me today. in regarding migration, the recently worked together especially cracking down in a darian gap where several migrants not only from any way, but also from haiti has come in through and regarding climate change, there has been synergy and points of agreement. unlike policies on drugs among other issues. so climate change is one of those where there is a lot of agreements between pedro and site, and that'll probably be one of the central topics of the conversation to the columbia seeking to end over 6 decades of armed conflict, fueled by the countries cocaine trade, petro has a quite controversial approach that would include lifting arrest warrants against criminals, wanted on drug charges in the united states. how is that viewed in washington? so this is happening through the total piece framework,

which is by the rules big policy to worry, to peace me in. however, it has not been clear in terms of its parameters or its results. so even though it wants to live these arrest words, while there aren't results from the club in government and in the way to approach is a crime and insecurity. i don't think there will be much echo from, from the states and from biden, to this meeting between biden and petro takes place at the same time that the russian foreign minister is touring friendly countries in latin america and the caribbean, and as ukraine let me lensky addresses, mexican lawmakers, there seems to be a lot of interest in the region. all of a sudden, what do you make of this? i think this relates to the fact that not only lead in america, but across the global south, there has been an overarching or abroad non alignment to worry to the or

any crane. and so consider you that they're not the president and leaders in latin america like body to have and clearly condemned the lord. other leaders like a 3 have decided to be a lot more be because he sees this as within the total piece free of novel. if you're taking, which i think more new russia, leveraging on this not alignment over i think is a latin american analyst with a consultancy from columbia risk analysis and joined us from bo baton tonight. thank you for your time. thank you. bye. ah, nato members and partners are testing their cyber defense systems and a 4 day exercise in estonia, teams from 38 nations will trying to protect computers from attack and simulate decision making. nato's as the stakes are

a lot higher since russia launched at full scale invasion of ukraine. speed, strategy, and skill. that's what matters in war games. whether they take place on the ground in real life forests on line, as they do in lot shields, the international cyber war exercise. some 3000 people from 38 countries are taking part, and most of them are online. the goal will bring the different nations like minded nations to cover, do the mental capabilities and also to develop knowledge about the church each other and trust or to watch each other for the participants. here in blue are the victims of several large scale cyber attacks. those in green of the attacking team, the blues must defend their infrastructure, energy supply, financial industry, and national borders. the stability of an entire nation all be at a fictional one for the purposes of this exercise is at stake. the scenario

includes proper gander attacks to, to it's what's called hybrid warfare, where both the attackers and the attacks constantly look for new ways to attack or defend themselves. it's just like what's going on right now in russia's war against ukraine. traditionally military's focus only their own systems, they need to be available to direct the warfare effort, et cetera, et cetera. but on the same time, we see her with a war in ukraine. ah, the adversary's trying to destroy the electricity reveal an infrastructure on. so actually what is under attack, everything, and that includes the media in a huge propaganda wool. right? from the start, it was clear that the war in ukraine was also being waged in the media as this effort produced by ukraine shoes. it's about the so called i t army,

blocking russian propaganda and dis information it some measure that of the baltic states have also taken on the right after the war started. it's no accident that lot. shields is coordinated from talon in estonia. that's where nato cyber defense center is located. a central office of the western military alliance and its partners, the digital security. the estonian state had to defend itself against several serious cyber attacks back in 2007. and it's been taking the su seriously, ever since. oh, well up to know it works pretty well. a so nice going to continuously under heavy attack from my russia and the all the source is potentially. but we hardly notice it because holla, defense is all of it. a good and that's how it should be for all nato countries, if the lot shields organizes have anything to do with it. and we can now

keep talking about cyber attacks with john holt quest. he is the vice president of mandy and threat intelligence. a cyber defense company is over a decade of experience covering cyber. thanks. good to see you. welcome to d. w. tell me how important are these international cyber war exercises? well, you know, it's really important to coordinate these things because these incidents tend to affect organizations across the board, not just the public sector, government military, but also the private sector, particularly critical infrastructure. most critical infrastructure in many countries is actually operated by the private sector. and those be partners need to be a part of this branding. what is the biggest, realistic threat when it comes to cyber attacks right now? well, you know, the thing that we're seeing everywhere, globally right now that sort of coming from this war as cyber espionage. russia wants some, any advantage they can get in this war and see what they're doing is sending out

their spies or their, their intelligence services are sending out hackers essentially the target governments and corporations all over the world to get some information that they can give them an advantage in this conflict, how well prepared or nato said, for large scale cyber attacks that could endanger national stability, like the ones we just saw there, stimulated in the report. well, you know, these are spies, they are very good at what they do and some of them are, are actually actually what they do. but the good news is, you know, we've actually been tracking these actors for 10 years. we know who they are. we know how they operate in many cases we know their names and that gives us an advantage we can anticipate and prepare and we are. can we stop them now? yeah, you know, i think no, no defense is perfect in this game, but i think the game is really preparing and, and limiting the amount, you know,

the effects of these actors, even when they are successful. a lot of times their efforts are about psychological impacts. and those can be sort of degraded with an understanding of what they're actually up to and why they're doing these things. the head of britain's national cyber security center just warned that the u. k is in fact not prepared to fend off russian hackers seeking to, quote, disrupt, or destroy britain's critical infrastructure. has this threats been ignored for too long? it was a, it took us a while to really get every, bring everybody to the table. and, you know, we've, we've, we've had these major experiences globally, not peggy, an incident was a global incident that will basically began with an attack and ukraine by russian intelligence services. it led to a wake up call. are you really across multiple governments and organizations? people are really getting their game together now,

and i feel like the defense now is far better than it was even 2 years ago. what more can be done to get on top of the threat though, our government's forever left playing catch up? well, a real advantage comes from understanding the adversary, the, you know, the, we have been very fortunate to be able to, to view them in the tax previously, they've been basically carrying out a tax for less than years when, when ukraine, the situation ukraine really lit off the invasion lit off. what's so amazing is that we were able to anticipate so much of the activity that we've seen so far. because we knew that what the actors were and how they'd operate. the more we understand these actors, the more we can prepare and really cut them off. how big a part of the russian strategy is cyber warfare. it's an incredibly important part, particularly when it comes to countries that are not necessarily at war with,

with russia. these tools re being used in ukraine prior to the invasion. this is something that could be, you know, with cyber war or some work for it is definitely a tool in their tool kit that they could deploy, you know, before any, not necessarily any war with the rest of europe. we don't have to be a war to see. so, you know, cyber warfare, this is a something that they might leverage at any time if they want to push back a, particularly against ukraine's allies. we talk a lot about them about russian cyber attacks. but what about the west, do they engage in this kind of warfare as well? now there's definitely evidence that the west is carrying out a tax globally. we're definitely seen evidence of that. you know, a lot of the, a lot of the evidence that we've seen so far suggest that west is probably actively even are degrading some of the attacks that we see with their defense of defend for

strategies. you can get into adversary networks and, and basically spy on the adversary as they create these actions and cut them off. i believe one of them are success. we've seen more is an aggressive posture. and that's really going to change the game for us. john hall quest. interesting stuff. he's a cyber defense analyst. thank you so much. thanks for having me. ah . the largest rocket ever to lift off the earth made a successful launch to day and then exploded. a few minutes later, the giant and crude rocket from base ex successfully lifted off from the launch pad in brownsville, texas, but 3 minutes into the flight. the starship cab still failed to separate from the booster. the result was on the k, an explosive end, or the rockets 1st test flight. this is not the end and the people at space x

did not lose their humor over it shortly after the test slide. space x tweeted this as if the flight test was not exciting enough. starship experienced a rapid unscheduled this assembly before stage separation. that's a very space x way of putting it. so was the launch of a test rocket, a success or failure? keith cowering is editor of space ref dot com, and he says, well, that well, it depends which part of the rocket you worked on for from my perspective, this was a 400 foot tall rock with 30 something inches. by far the largest rocket. anybody has ever built times 2 or 3 depending. are you do your math? it took off like a rocket, should i check? rather, here it went up to for several minutes. the engines did their thing. and then the problem happened further up when the 2nd stage,

or the starship itself didn't separate. so as a recovery rocket scientist, myself, i'd say, wow, we just launched the biggest rocket ever launched. it didn't blow up. in fact, when it did come apart, that's because they blew it up because they want to be certainly didn't come down the wrong place. so and just to give you a few more facts about the most powerful rocket ever to have taken off from earth, it's designed to be fully re usable to carry both a crew and cargo. and one day may send humans back to the moon and even to mars that's according to its makers over at space ex and that's our time, but make sure to stay informed, stay engaged and stay in touch. you can follow our team on twitter at dw, and myself at nicole underscore early for now though from the entire team on the day. thank you so much for spending part of your day with

a, with a to the point, a clear position. international perspective. top secret documents leaked online, have provided detailed accounts of some of ukraine's military capabilities and are rare window is how with united states really sees the war join me and our expert

guests on this edition of to the point. as we dive in to the pentagon makes to the point around here, a d, w to hold into the conflict. so with sebastian pro 50 weeks, israel has been crisis. demonstration was triggered by government visual reforms, the professor showing no signs of giving up. how much damage is it doing to israel, the home and abroad? my guest is the american lawyer. i'm done with that you often labeled israel leader 30 in the court of public opinion conflict zone in 60 minutes on the w. o i a currently more people than ever are on the move world wide in such of

a better life. one of us and so it as a committee god that hello good job. actually does the man is it america? they have not gotten in the god lag. a real finance double paid us to nanda bernice him on back to the find out about robina story in for my grand reliable news for migraines. wherever they may be. top secret pentagon documents leaks online have provided some painfully detailed accounts of ukraine's military capabilities and are rare window into how washington is thinking about the war div has been quick to insist that the leaks won't affect their plans counter offensive, but the documents reveal weaknesses in the ukrainian military and open questions about its ability.