and depressed, ah, still standing, preserving cindy culture in 45 minutes on d. w. these places in europe are smashing all the records. stepped into a bold adventure. it's the treasure map for modern globetrotters. discover some of you up to record breaking sites on your back. youtube and now also in book form, this is d, dublin years, africa coming up on the program, could the fighting in sedan worse and the regions, humanitarian challenges? tens of thousands flee across the board as many into chad and south sudan, which already under the strain of conflict. we asked just how they will cope. also, coming up kenya is shaken by mass deaths linked to

a religious cult. how could this tragedy occur? and kam justice to be served. kenya's president once the alleged mastermind to face the law territories, use religion to advance their heaney. us. people live mr. my pin fee by using religion to do exactly the same thing. plus, as the tech giant meta faces lawsuits over its treatment of work, as in africa, we asked if the continent could become a hub for exploitation in the digital age. ah, i'm told me or laddie. well, thanks for joining us. the fighting incident between the army and the paramilitary rapid support forces is giving rise to a huge humanitarian challenge. people have been fleeing the violence in their tens

of thousands by land sea and air. so far, they've mostly gone north to egypt, west to chad and south to south sedan. but others, particularly foreigners, uncertain ease with foreign visas. a heading to the city of port sedan from where they can get flights or fairies out. others are also transiting through cyprus. these journeys out are themselves dangerous. the un predicts more than a quarter of a 1000000 people will cross into neighboring south sedan and chad in the coming days and weeks. but both countries already grappling with insecurity and short of vital aid and supplies. when it was alan mark, when armed men came knocking at her door, dusky abdullah deem knew she would have to flee saddam. she's now living in a makeshift tent like so many of the new arrivals here in a growing refugee camp in neighboring chad. well,

he had the arms then he came to ask us to leave when in that plan and we found ourselves here in the wild. what is it a bit of food, if a holiday most is not fair, little atlanta, we have kids that horse since i've been raising for 7 years. yet, i mean the like that a sub i sent it in. got you know, of the thousands of sudanese now trying to escape the fighting in their country. the majority of crossing the border into chat, most women and children starving and in desperate need of food, water and medical care. but room is running out and resources are scarce. so even the most basic supplies have to be rationed out. or do you not mind if we had to come all the way here to protect ourselves? we get a thought now that we are safe, we're facing the lack of food and water. lad, dallas are also exposed to bad weather because we don't have shelters yet. but kind

of a thought on the sheer scale of the accidents from sudan is threatening to overwhelm chads, overstretched, public services, and resources. it's already home to more than 400000 refugees from across the border. and it's more and more arrive, it's weird. the country could be pushed to breaking point form on the situation with the people fleeing for safety. let's check in with faith. cason are from the unity, ours regional office. welcome to dw faith. now there is the projected figure of $270000.00 expected refugees pouring into tad and south sedan. how can these host nations cope when the already struggling to cater for their own people? thank you. tell me. i mean, this is the situation that we're, we are in, we're grappling with, essentially, complexities of the situation that we find ourselves in this year. i have also

people, the fee, the line is dan underwriting. you me very them. so, you know, already have existing a better g and he's already dismissed people. i mean it's making but was a humana a day when you can even even more dad. right as a nation, some of those leaving. so darn us out. so denise refugees who had been in sedan, they're worry about as they go back and ensuring that they don't go back into harm's way. we're doing everything that we can as in is here to ensure that even those who are coming into cells. now, i'm going to safety and you know, and where they can be protected. as the revenue said, these are refugees who fled country but still have family connections. community networks already existing in the country and out of their own volition have said

that, you know, they able to make their way upwards into their home for those that are not able to go themselves unitary, looking into, providing just transport assistance to these one area. i mean, we know that the, you know, the refugees are returning to our areas where they will be safe. and you know, we are trying to ensure that safety is paid on even from when it around when they arrive in order to know where the, where they end up in. busy and as we know, the fighting is indiscriminate. so given some of your colleagues are caught up in the situation and, and i've had to move to safety. how does this affect what you're able to deliver to the displays? people? i mean, as a regular said, you just significantly as an organization,

let's see managers to respond to people's needs to be able to access some of these areas where you know, you know, that have the hardest hit by the fighting. and you know, because of the security and a temporary close a racial but we remain in touch the refugee refugee communities, community networks that were able to share information. and we were able to raise refugees, encouraging them to shelter and into, to avoid unnecessary with the areas that are not affected by the fighting. we're trying to as safely as we can continue with our activities where security and either raises so very difficult situation that has been made even more complex

because of the situation of customer unity, our regional spokesperson, thank you for speaking to us. ease, awe, shock has gripped kenya following the discovery of mass graves linked to a religious cult. velisa investigating pastor john mackenzie and banga, who's accused of directing his followers to starve themselves to death. so they can meet jesus more than a 100 bodies, including some of children have been exempt from the shallow graves. in the shack, a hollow forest near kenya's coast, where the church was based. now another pastor with a much higher profile has also been arrested and is facing charges relating to what police call the mass killing of his followers. although the 2 cases have not been officially licked. kanyes president william router has promised swift

action the government of kenya. and i have instructed the agencies responsible to take up the matter and to get to the root cause and to the bottom of the activities of religious or people who want to use religion to advance. we ad unacceptable. ideology, territories. use religion to advance their heaney us us people like mr. mckenzie. i using religion to do exactly the same thing. so how does one get sucked into such call door called like organizations? a question i put to iran go home and the director of amnesty international in kenya . you know, i think in the case of the faith we've really been concerned about radicalization

and terrorism for several decades now. so in the islamic faith, there is a fairly robust count of counter violent extremism culture and a set of programs that have been running. but i think for the christian community, this is increasingly becoming a matter of consent in the, in recent years. but i think the drivers are probably kind of 3 or 4. the 1st is that, you know, over 40 years ago the all africa conference is churches rate. the alarm about the emergence of evangelical prosperity, churches, churches that promised prosperity to their followers. and the cult of the, of the leader cult of the religious leader. so it's not something that just started yesterday. i think there's been a real confirm that without regulation, without oversight. and it is possible for anybody to set up a business or a cult in the name of religion and essentially brain washing their followers. so i

think that one driving the 2nd driver is that, you know, kenya is increasingly grappling with the cost of living and poverty and inequality in the sense of hopelessness. for many canyons is increasing day by day. and i think any person that can promise a better after life or a you know, freedom in another life is increasing, becoming more popular in the sense that the economy is failing. you've called for as amnesty. you called for swift prosecution book. what kind of charges would hold, i mean, brainwash in itself isn't particularly against the lawyers. it so there are a number of things that have been discussed. the 1st of course is i guess the one which is that under section 266 of the penal code, helping somebody to commit suicide or assisted suicide is unlawful. unfortunately, it is, in terms of this case, it is

a misdemeanor part of the truck. no more than 2 to 3 years in prison. which pale really in the context of what we've been, what we've seen in shaka holler. the 2nd is really to look at. this is a mass crime. some people have said that they are interested in looking at this from the lens of international law. and particularly, i guess some of the legislation that assisted the i c c and the 3rd area related to terrorism and them that this is a nother formal terrorism. unfortunately, you know, either the math crime or the terrorism charges bike, you know, are lawyers. i'm just looked at this. and despite the, the heart that we feel in terms of shackle holla, it is unlikely that the threshold has been met. and of course the for area potentially the, the prosecutors will look at will be the issue of child abuse. and here we do have the strong legislation that would actually look away perpetrators

for a very long time. if it is found that they have used mine and they have led to the depth of mine and seen one catholic, archbishop actually suggests that the government should orders all reggie religious leaders. what do you think the government should be doing or should have done to prevent this case or the cases like it? why think the 3 things that really we must citizen and civic organizations and can do that? we must demand right now. the 1st is accountability for why the intelligence services, why the investigative and police agencies did not catch this. it is very clear that the, the lead of this particular cult, patrick mackenzie, had been arrested for similar concerns. and that somehow he managed to be released by court of law. i think the 2nd area really relates to, is it time now to recognize it more closely religious body and then show that they

are essentially brought under close of oversight. not only by their own apex association, so great a self regulation, but i think regulation by the state within the constitutional principle of freedom, religion, i think we don't want to see any call back in terms of that freedom can you has been one of the more liberal society in terms of the right to religion, but we do need to see great, oh, perfect. all right, here we go. always good to speak to you as iran go harton, the director of amnesty international speaking to us from nairobi. thank. thank you, tommy ah. as the digital age advances, some of the world's largest tech companies are increasingly outsourcing work to africa as a, the appeal of a continent with a lives tech savvy workforce that also frankly,

cheaper to employ. but that's raise criticism that these african workers could also be expandable in digital sweatshops. that's the claim of a 43 people in nairobi, kenya who worked for a company that moderated content for facebook. they say their employers paid little care to their well being, as they did their jobs, which involved regularly watching, disturbing content. they were later laid off and that prompted them to sue the 2 firms. did of the correspondent marilla met 2 of these former content moderators for legal and security reasons, with head and identities. during the recent war in ethiopia to gray region, fiore fled the country and moved to kenya. she thought she was leaving behind the trauma. she had witnessed 1st hand in nairobi, she got a job working as a content moderator for facebook, not knowing what she had signed up for. watching shocking videos, day in day out, there was no escaping the trauma. all you see a slaughter dismembered bodies,

people being burned alive. and once you see if you count unsafe, especially for those of us who have relatives and to grey, where the war was happening, watching your people doing those things to each other as shocking. even though the pay was only $2.00 per hour, she didn't quit. she needed the money to survive and felt trapped for more than 2 years. fiore watched grew some videos like these from the war and to gray. her job was to flag them so they could be deleted. torture and executions. sometimes even live streamed by soldiers. sama is facebook's outsourcing company that employed her . they sometimes offered so called wellness time, 20 minutes with a counselor, but it was no help as she wasn't allowed to talk about what she'd seen. i'm afraid i became desensitized. i don't react to seeing blood or dismembered bodies because

i saw for hours every day. i don't feel like i'm part of normal society, any more program in the past, facebook has been accused of not doing enough to prevent the spread of incitement to violence in ethiopia. fiore says that that's because only around 20 people worked on the content on the worn to gray. far too small a tame to effectively block harmful and inciting contents. her colleague, i what says they only had 55 seconds to review each video. if you were to slow or made mistakes, you were at risk of being fired bowman. when i've already been abused and exploited over, i expect from mark zuckerberg that if he didn't know, he should understand what type of work this is. he needs to know that and deal with it or what says his work changed him from being outgoing to being reclusive and paranoid. watching up to $3500.00 graphic videos per week would break

any one. he says. this january sama sacked $260.00 content moderators, including a what and fury, citing the economic climate. but coming so soon after another content, moderate of sued facebook over mental health issues. many x sama employees say it looks like facebook is trying to shed its responsibility to its workforce. they feel facebook treated them as if they were disposable. we did ask sam on facebook the comment, but did not get a reply. that's week now to nigeria assembly from the carnegie endowment for international peace. she joins us from r o b. she's a researcher, and expert and all things tech policy. so i think the right person to talk to right now, welcome to the w, news african and jr. niger, now this matter case is still in court, so we won't delve into the details specifically,

but looking overall at the growth of tech companies, looking for cheap labor in africa. are we at the risk of seeing exploitation? seeing that, you know, the growth of digital sweatshops in africa. thanks to that question. tommy, indeed, there is a huge risk of that simply because there aren't sufficient guardrails in effect and that regulate how this labor is tapped into. so what has been registering, i think globally is that africa is emerging as a market that has a young energetic workforce that can, you know, take on any job that will make a difference. and sometimes, many of them are even below minimum wage. but above anything that they didn't have . so the compared to nothing sort of a metric then allows a lot of room for data and over there in the did exploitation of labor. something that does need labor laws in every country to focus on the digital economy of the

geek economy, as it's called many african countries are betting on a digital economy to, to provide jobs for their people. you know, unemployment is a, is a major issue. so we see them looking at this, particularly from a business side of things. but how prepared are they to adequately regulate this emerging digital workforce? yeah, this is a very good and salient question. one that should be informing a lot of debate in many countries. i think often we're given this false dichotomy that you know, something is better than nothing. some jobs, however precarious a better than new jobs. yet the truth is that we do need to, we can do both things. we can ensure that there are viable regulatory mechanisms in motion to protect the rights of workers in as much as we are in a sense, desperate for these jobs to be brought to our corners. and i think what we're also seeing is that, you know, because it's young people and you know,

a lot of public policy stances in many african countries, is there aren't formal jobs, go into the economy, you go into the digital realm and make it on your own in entrepreneurship, we've sort of seen a posture of leaving people to the wilderness. yet we do have in many countries, existing labor laws, many that are also being revised, even in the international labor organization. to talk about how the adapted to the digital age. we need that to continue being advocated for in local communities because we don't need to be setting people off to be exploited when there could be better ways to actually ensure that we get the best of both aspects. and on a related note in the west, there is a lot of talk about, you know, securing of data protection. you know, the, you, as a law protecting people from being exploited. we see, you know, things like the g, d, p r. however, african countries will any progress in that regard? yes, we have seen a lot of movement in african countries. i think approximately 20 years. so in a position where they either have a lot in effect or,

or in near effect around data protection. many of them mirror the g, d p r. and that's a very interesting sort of normative superpower elements to the european union's regulations. a lot of it is also driven by the fact that a lot of these are g d, p r, g data protection requirements are part of the conditions with trading with countries . so that has caused a lot of movement. the missing link now and the continuing want to explore is how those right now enshrined in law are also put in effect in the local ecosystem. in kenya, for example, the office of the data protection commissioner, i think, has been in effect since 2019 and is now trying to see how over and above, how you know, can you trade to that you? how can those laws apply to the canyon ecosystem? and that's been an interesting movement to note. so hopefully we can start seeing that a lot more and number of other african countries to stem the sort of abuse or misuse of our being on line or arbiter as we generate that we generate as we engage online,

into our devices. and that takes us to another issue, which is artificial intelligence that is the talk of the town at the moment we're seeing the rise of all these, these platforms, these apps, you know, we have dolly, we have chat, g, b, t, and all. where do african countries stand in terms of addressing the issue, or are they still playing catch up? i suppose we're still playing catch up, which is not necessarily a bad thing. and you know, there's an advantage of seeing how different countries and other jurisdictions respond to this. so for example, seeing italy sort of place a temporary band on these of charge to be key, will have interesting implications. and so far as what our lessons to be learned from what we need to do in so far as the kinds of regulations or guardrail to put in place through legal instruments in different countries. all too often the rush to regulate or legislate ends up with stringent postures that end up we've been having, hurting, and harming the local economy more than protecting as is desired. so in this case,

i think we've seen a lot more of sort of nonchalance with even african uses, with church bt dully and others. the fact that, you know, not too many people will be using. it also creates a different sort of layer of complexity. and so far as how african countries go about it, given the fact that we're still in the early stages of connecting everyone to this digital economy. so i think african countries and other regions of the world that are still in the early stage of digital economies can approach, can take no regency approach and offer more guidelines to their citizens and to their businesses. rather than just coming down to the heavy hand of legislation that restricts and india is an instructive example where they've opted rather than banning such an artificial intelligence tools to take on a more proactive stance as the government, as regulators and legislators on how they can provide guidelines that help grow their own economy. so there's something there to be lunch for african countries as well. and that's what we'll leave it for now. see you

next time. ah ah.

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ah, with the cigar culture of pakistan in the cradle of one of mankind's oldest civilization, the birth chase understand i see that has mastered religious tolerance, yet remains unknown and oppress, still standing,

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story of hope. while dials starts in 19 on d w a this is dw news live from berlin, a desperate humanitarian crisis. as the fighting in sudan enters the 3rd week. dr. say nearly 2 thirds of hospitals in the conflict zone are out of service. most western nations have finished evacuating their nationals, leaving sudan civilians to cope as best they can. russia blames or massive oil.