anita, come, ah, for months now people in france have protested against president microns plans to overhaul the country's pension system, including a hike in the age of retirement. from 62 to 64 parliament couldn't stand in the way in the courts saw no reason to do so. on the streets of paris to day tensions and tear gas clashes with police to night. the fight in france a made a call from the workers to their president. i'm break off in berlin. this is the day. ah, the government thinks this is all behind us. no, it's not behind us. i know that we have continued to neither life because we know

that the government is not going to drop the issue of pension reco with what's next . as long as the pension reforms the note withdrawal and will continue to protest. i know more determined than ever come across once for more years we will go on for 4 more years. but also coming up in the banking turmoil in the us. another bank collapsed over the weekend on monday morning. it had been swallowed up by a giant. i'm pleased to say that the regulators have taken action to facilitate the sale of 1st republic bank and ensure that all depositors are protected and the taxpayers are not on the hook. and to our viewers watching on p b, as in the united states into all of you around the world. welcome, we begin the day as france begins a, another month of anger and angst. thousands took to the streets of paris on this

labor day. the traditional trade union marches of years past are replaced by crowds of demonstrators at odds over how they and their president see the future. president mac crock, last month, pushed through a plan to reform the countries pension system. it includes raising the retirement age, as well as increasing how long a person has to work to qualify for a full pension micron, says that financial and demographic realities mean that people will have to work longer. it is an argument that workers in the trade unions are not by. we have this report clashes with police smashed windows. paris is once again alight as angry people protest unpopular plans to pitch the minimum retirement age to $64.00. those marching here, see this is a made a comb for worker's rights. whenever we don't want to die working,

we want to live and see our children and grandchildren grow up and enjoy it because we'll have worked all our lives. so see, i'm retired and i'm disgusted. i went there doing that. he saw clump van young people. it's a very problem for us to be here because our generation that with the, for the consequences of this policy, hundreds of thousands turned out across the country. much of the frustration here is directed toward president emmanuel macro. he says the reform is needed to keep the pension system financially viable. but the french leaders approval ratings have plummeted. and miss analyst says there's only one winner here about it. so yellow pearl is okay, looking at opinion pulls and foot protection or sadness, all tends to benefit populist, extreme right party. so that's like the national relief because they symbolize anger towards an animal mccomb. i call him, there has never been such a swift drop in a french president's popularity handle so can and that's what's problematic. it was

because he has 4 years left in power until be complicated for him to pass any new form of self as soon as they formed the pension law is now moving ahead and some think this made a mobilization is the movement last gasp. after multiple nationwide strikes, but these parisians say they'll keep up the pressure. and the bullet from this political battle may be felt for years to come. we're joining me now is journalist cold stangler from paris colon good to have you, withers on the program. are these images from paris to day be we saw for gestures trying to shut police officers on fire in one location in another police using tear gas against demonstrators. where did things go from here? yeah, that the crashes were pretty intense. i saw them 1st hand as well, and that's been sort of a recurring theme over the course at this moment though they were particularly intense today. weren't movement go from here. i think one thing to take

a look at is just the size of these protests which were very massive. again, even in the, even in the french context. so anyway, from around 780000 people according to believes to, to more than 2000000 according to unions. so $7.00 to $10.00 times higher than the last made a protest last year. you have to go back to 2000 to define it made a demonstrations as big as these ones in france and that 2002 may, there was a very particular political moment in france because it was between the 1st and 2nd round of the, the presidential election in which the far right had qualified for the 1st time. so very symbolic moment in french history. so into the attitude. so just to give you a sense of how big these process art union say they're going to continue to keep up the pressure at this point, it's looking fairly unlikely that a manual my call is going to withdraw that reform, that he's, that he's promulgated now. right now the opponents, the reform really ultimately have to sort of cards that there, that they can player that they're hoping what will pan out for them. one is,

you have the constitutional counsel that in a couple of days time now is going to rule over the constitutionality of a referendum. that would prohibit the government that would, that would know the reform prohibitive government from hiking their retirement age above the age. $62.00, that's one, that's one option. and the other option is that you'd have a vote coming up next month in the national assembly to potentially a know their retirement or form that macro just so that you options that are left here for opponents, for me. and i understand, approved for the referendum the, the numbers that would be required make it almost impossible. is that correct? it's certainly an extremely uphill battle. there's a couple things there. i mean, 1st, the constitutional counsel needs to agree that this is constitutional. and i think that's not really guaranteed at this age. there's a lot of doubt, even among people on the left and opponents of the reforms, you have to cross that 1st hurdle having the council agree. and then if the council

does agree to it, what you need is you need to get, i think, as a referencing 10 percent of the french electorate to actually say that they, i want a referendum. so that's, you know, 4800000 people in a sign on to this in the span of 9 months. and then you actually have to have a referendum. this has never happened successfully before using this referendum procedure that was approved in 2008. so it would be quite unprecedented. and yes, a very uphill battle. the trade unions. they have called for a big turn out to, to last beyond today, almost indefinitely. and for that to happen across all of france. how long can these protests realistically last? yeah, i mean i, i think it's, it's, you know, it's quite hard to get this many people out in the streets like we saw today. it's maybe it's certainly going to be difficult to have these sort of one day mass process. i think that that's fair to say i'm on the other hand, what we've seen happen really in the last couple of weeks since my coin is

government had tried to turn the page so to speak up on this retirement reform issue is that as they've made public appearances across france and small towns, they've been greeted almost systematically by protesters, by people banging pots and pans. i'm calling with with they're called frances. this is the cassette holiday to people bringing out pots and pans, banging and making noise at each other. public appearances against hopes of the president and also ministers. um and is that something that they want to be dealing with over over the coming months? i don't know, but i think what's clear is that that, that pressure is still continuing and it's making it difficult for, for the president. i think to, to turn that the page as the, as he's wanting to do, is just to give you one very concrete example of this, of this phenomenon is over the weekend. we had the final, ah, for the course of course, a football match, the annual french cup final, traditionally attended by the french president at this that of course i here just outside of paris, a manual my call went to the match, but he did not go on to the field i'm he shook the hands of the players in the

tunnels. there was a band outside the stadium and i'm handing out whistles and handing out red cards. michael's name was not mentioned by the public a but public address. so you have a president who's, you know, afraid i think to appear in public with large groups of people right now. what does that say right now about? i think it's, it's a 1st thing to make. what does that say right now about the state of friends, democracy and the end macros ability to govern moving. busy forward so yes, to get back to that initial question, i think it's hard to have these, these mass process. but you might have these sort of rolling protests that are going to accompany the president and members of his cabinet for the, you know, for an indefinite period. the anger is still very much there. yeah. and macaroni, we stick with the president for a moment macro. he's used up a lot of the political capital with this reform pushing it through. he's got 4 more years at office. he doesn't have to run for reelection. but still, for more years,

from the outside, it looks like what's happening could only be good news for the for right. maybe for the left. yeah, yeah, i mean it's a question that i think a lot of people are asking even within muslim circle is, is sort of what, why continue to, to push ahead with this reform? i think, you know, they have their economic reasons for, for doing so. but at the cost of a lot of, you know, at a lot of the cost of social cohesion of the country, you mentioned the, the left, i think also sometimes can be neglected in a conversation. i think almost instinctively, people think the far right it is going to be the only force that, that, that's benefiting from this. you know, today's a show force for the left of the show force for the labor movement. you know, they're very much president, the very much present, excuse me, even if the president and his allies, you know, do not want them to be president in the conversation. i think that the calculation so far from the inner circle of my call has been to position the far right as the ideal opponent. because how they win elections or, you know,

the today show that you have a whole lot of people that don't agree with the president they don't agree with. with the far right either is really, i think, you know, 3 major political camps today in france and we are very, very fluid political situation. yeah. fluid and volatile. that is for sure, journalists, a co stangler, joining us tonight from paris with the late it's cold. we appreciate your reporting and your time. thank you. thank you. ah. in the united states bay is the 3rd american bank to collapse this year. the 2nd largest in us history and its demise came just as quickly as its rebirth on monday morning. first republics, 84 branches opened their doors for business under new ownership and under a new ne, the pressure on america's biggest regional bank just became too much a run on 1st republican march shook the company at a time when other lenders were collapsing. but the final straw came when 1st

republic share price collapsed, as investors found out the true scale of the damage their verdict, the lender was on borrowed time. customers took out billions of dollars towards the end of last year. it had almost a 180000000000 on its books that fell to just over a 100. by march, the bank was simply no longer viable. it's part of a wave to hit big banks of the top for us bank collapses by size 3. have been this year alone. including 1st republic jo biden's message. the sale of 1st republic to j. p. morgan protects depositors or through all depositors are protected and attacked pairs are not on the hook. these action is going to make sure that the banking system is safe and sound. and that includes protect the small businesses across the country who need to make payroll for workers and their small versus a mixture of swift intervention. a buffer fund to prevent banking disasters. and j

. p. morgan's rescue means the crisis is unlikely to spread of the banks could still collapse. but at this stage, none on the scale of 1st republic. sorry, let's good now do business reporting and score to he's standing by the new york stock exchange. he has, it's good to see you. the failure of 1st republic is this part of the turmoil that we saw last month when 2 other banks collapsed. or is this maybe the next chapter in a growing crisis? well, i mean if you ask a jamie diamond the head off a j. p. morgan, this said chapter of for the recent research regional banking failures is so close to so that's at least what jamie diamond is a claimant. but then again of what kenny as say otherwise them, but it does, it's a pretty dramatic situation. i mean, as we've just heard 3 of the 4 biggest bank failures in the history of the united

states just happened over the past 2 months. and some of the problems that salts banks are facing a very rapidly, very, aggressively moving interest rates. i mean, that is still true. also a thought them other, a financial institutions and 1st republic we understand it received a $30000000000.00 lifeline just last month. and that was not enough to save it. why? well, $30000000000.00 is a lot of money. but we just heard early last to week that actually the clients from 1st republic pulled about a $102000000000.00 just in the 1st quarter. if you look back a couple of weeks, so what happened? a took credit suisse. i mean, they also got an injection from the swiss national bank, but then implies also pulls a billions of dollars each day. so it is a classical, a run on the bank and if clients are lose the trust in such

a bank than even $30000000000.00, do not do the trick. j. p. morgan um, apparently moved quickly to take over 1st republic of gp morgan was already the largest us bank. now it's even bigger. and i remember banks in the financial grad crisis back of 2008, 2009. remember they were too big to fail. i'm wondering, did i browse, did they breeze to day when j. p. morgan swallowed up 1st republic. i mean those are not a usual circumstances. some on one end side there was some a relief even if this is not a great solution, but it might be the least of worst them under normal circumstances. j. p. morgan would never get the okay, never get the sums up the to acquire another at bank and increase their a deposit. so this is clearly the situation why everybody was sort of relieved and made an exception. so that j. p. morgan, as you mentioned, is getting even bigger. and he ends judging by wall street reaction to the deal

reaction. this monday, traitors, they seem to be shrugging off the the whole mess. yeah, and, and i'm wondering if we are underestimating the impact that those regional a bank failures ahead to him. i mean on one on the financial system, if more banks might follow. but even if this chapter is closed, for now, there might be an impact on the overall economy as so if we see a credit crunch, for example, that could lead into a recession for the united states. if that's going to happen a remains to be seen. i guess one of the reasons why walt street sort of struck it off is that with the, this banking crisis of at least 4 regional banks, it does make it a bit likelier that the federal reserve might increase interest rates one more time this wednesday. and then might be done, and that could be a good development. and for walt street, at least them in the short term,

yet these we got one more question for you. yes. the, these banking problems? how do they fit into the equation of the federal reserve? when they're thinking about interest rates of media, it seems that their, this variable that, that, that's not supposed to be there. well, i mean, one of the big questions that we still have to, to get an answer. where was the federal reserve when this whole crisis build up or so, i guess there will be a more, a discussions to a follow and when it comes to the an interest rate in the policy a. so as i mentioned so that could actually mean that that we are a close to be done a with a higher interest rates. ok. begins quarter there on the floor of the near stock exchange. good to see. yes, thank you. ah, the european union has struck a deal to resume the imports of ukrainian agricultural products each stage bordering ukraine. they were torn between wanting to help ukraine, their neighbor,

as well as wanting to protect their own farmers. and that had led some of the countries to ban imports from ukraine. ah, the you hopes to keep the grain trucks from ukraine on the go. and europe, united ukraine had long been a big agricultural exporter. but russia's invasion changed that with its black see ports partly blocked. ukraine got their products to market, surround the world overland through europe, and the e. u. wave tariffs on ukrainian goods to help but farm, it's nice in europe complained that they were being left with mountains of unsold produce and that the availability of cheaper ukrainian grains damaged bad business.

poland normally a staunch ally of ukraine, even band imports unilaterally leaving long lines of ukrainian trucks stuck out the border in april, ukraine's foreign ministry called the restrictions on its grey exports via the e. you quote, categorically, unacceptable. the agreement aims to let ukrainian agricultural products travel through the e u, but allow poland, romania, bulgaria, slovakia, and hungary to impose internal temporary restrictions on some grain. plus it gives the option to restrict more produce and future. at the same time it lets ukrainian goods into the e u without tariffs for another year. miss as opposed to this one you. i think this is a success for the european union, but it was possible to reach a compromise solution and get out of this crisis which seemed to be potentially

dangerous economically. and also politically. the issue that compromise solution may get the trucks leaving again and e u leaders, hope it will maintain the image of the year at united in its support for ukraine. we're here in germany, more than 3000000 people have signed up for a 49 euro flat rate, public transport ticket that covers the entire country. the germany ticket is valid for almost all forms of public transport. apart from long distance, inter city trains. that means buses, local and regional trains, subways metro systems. the ticket is intended to attract travelers away from using cars and it follows on from an experimental 9 euro. all you can ride ticket last

year, which was very popular, but which officials said was simply too expensive for the government to support with subsidies. and joining me now is john worth. he's an independent commentator on europe's railways. he joins me to night from a train station in the western german city of v, portales. john, it's good to see you again. me, this is a big day. i would say for any country really, i mean we're talking about you can buy one ticket and you could travel the entire country, all of germany by public transportation. is this a game changer? it can be a really, really significant change because it means for 49 years a month only you can go from one end of germany to another. and probably most people are not going to do that on an everyday basis. but take what i'm doing here today. i'm normally traveling, i live in berlin, but today i'm in boca toe. normally i'd need a different ticket for traveling on the public trump here where it's out to you

today. i can just use the same ticket using berlin and makes everything got any cheaper, but in the simpler years. and that's the big, big change that japanese experienced as of today with this new thought shawn ticket . it's a deal then for people's pocket books, and it's also a good deal for the climate. right. i mean, those are the 2 big arguments. right, exactly. this all started last year with the cost of living crisis. when people say, hey, it's costing people more to get to work. what are we going to do about that? and germany started like many country thing. maybe we need to reduce tax on petrol . and then the green plot, he said, hey, i got, i mean, if you're reducing taxes on petro, we need to do something for public transport. use this instead. what about reducing ticket prices? and they did that for a 3 month period as an experiment last year. then there's been a political battle which has been had to then say, what is going to happen permanently? and that's what this is now, a permanent 49 year old time on flat rate ticket, the herpes that will get people out of that cause to buses,

metro's trying some train to get to work that way. instead, that can be the plan. and i know the numbers today, the 1st day that it's been available on cell 3000000 people have bought it. i mean, what does that tell you in terms of viability and what jeopardy of this plant? well, we'll see how, how that plays out. because going to be some other people who've replaced that regular tickets with a dodge, i'm taking exactly how well that will work. we will see bear in mind that you're trying to pull behind me on hold to do you have to bear in mind that when you we can read, you can change that. this is going to bring once we got to the high, some of these when people are popping up on holiday, maybe sunny summer weekend, it's also going to the courage. not only going to be people that it can be commuting, but that free time for an escape out of the city as well. so it's going to help all kinds of different people and it could lead to a major change in the way the new public trump was in germany. and i know you

travel all across europe on the railways. i mean, is there any other national real system that has anything comparable to this? there are a couple of examples in germany tried to learn from larry. so looks back, for example, it's public transport is completely free and the entire country. but nevertheless, like somebody gets a lot older than germany, you couldn't exactly copy and paste that example. but the one that is much more significant to austria, which has it clean, take it. it's a bit more expensive than germany. so it's, i'm take it, but it's valid in the old train. the catch with the dodson and take it, it's only available on regional train, but not the long distance fly be train. those aren't included. so any regional train and buses and trauma in safety. but basically in germany then the license of luxembourg and austria that have attempted similar experiments in recent years. well, and you know, if you don't mind changing trains a couple of times, it's going to be all aboard for a lot of people who will be saving money in the process. john worth,

it's good to talk with you and go catch your train. thank you. thank you very much, bye bye. ah. in the u. k. preparations are in full swing for the coordination of king charles the 3rd with just 5 days to go into the ceremony. one dedicated monarchist is camping out to secure the perfect spot to watch the royal procession. he's brought a portable bed food and also a tarpaulin to ward off any rainy weather between now and may 6. and in a small village west of london, royal fans where they've knitted woollen replicas, you're going to see them of king charles and his wife, queen. there they are. camilla the corral in real life. all right. the day's almost done. the conversation continued, go online to find some twitter, follow me a break off tv, and remember what ever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day. we'll see you then everybody

with with the destination the i seems of jupiter. the journey. 6000000000 kilometers, taking 8 years in the mission to discover extra terrestrial life. the juice space pro is on its way through the infinite

expense to morrow today. next on d, w. it's in every 2nd supermarket products. and in almost all baked goods, palomo, we can't do without this valuable raw material, but it's plantations destroy huge areas of wilderness. how can we cultivate palm oil while safeguarding the rain forests close up? in 60 minutes on d. w. o. ah as to what did you do the fool i seemed to channel. fantastic. ah, she survived auschwitz, thanks to music. and he was the nazis favorite conductor. he is

morally degenerate. ah, 2 musicians under the swastika, a documentary about the sounds of power, inspiring story about survival of the home. i don't get the tennis. i was the only one. what lighted luc music in nazi germany watch now on youtube. d. w documentary . ah, oh, it's a life on other planets, maybe even some way in our own solar system. and if so, how do we get we have never had more space missions that we do right now. what are they all about? we'll give you an overview. welcome to tomorrow to day d w science magazine. oh.