for months now, people in france have protested against president microns plans to overhaul the country's pension system, including a hike in the age of retirement. from 62 to 64 parliament couldn't stand in the way in the courts saw no reason to do so. on the streets of paris to day tensions and tear gas clashes with police to night. the fight in france a made a call from the workers to their president. i'm broke off in berlin. this is the day. ah, the government thinks this is all behind us. no, it's not behind us. we have continued to neither life because we know that the government is not going to drop the issue of pension reco. what's next?

as long as the pension reforms the note withdrawal and will continue to protest. i know were determined that ever come across once for more years we will go on for 4 more years. also coming up in the banking turmoil in the us. another bank collapsed over the weekend on monday morning. it had been swallowed up by a giant. i'm pleased to say that the regulators have taken action to facilitate the sale of 1st republic bank and ensure that all depositors are protected and the taxpayers are not on the hook into our viewers watching on p b as in the united states and to all of you around the world, welcome. we begin the day as france begins a, another month of anger and angst. thousands took to the streets of paris on this labor day. the traditional trade union marches of years passed or replaced by

crowds of demonstrators at odds over how they and their president see the future. president mark crawl last month, pushed through a plan to reform the countries pension system. it includes raising the retirement age, as well as increasing how long a person has to work to qualify for a full pension micron, says that financial and demographic realities mean that people will have to work longer. it is an argument that workers in the trade unions are not by. we have this report hussies with police smashed windows. paris is once again alight as angry people protest unpopular plans to pitch the minimum retirement age to $64.00. those marching here, see this is a made a comb for workers rights went up. we don't want to die working. we want to live and see our children and grandchildren grow up and enjoy it because we'll have worked all our lives. so see,

i'm retired and i'm disgusted. i went there doing that. he saw plump that young people, if of variable them for us to be here. because our generation that with the further consequences of this policy, hundreds of thousands turned out across the country. much of the frustration here is directed towards president emanuel mack rome. he says, the reform is needed to keep the pension system financially viable. but the french leaders approval ratings have plummeted. and miss analyst says there's only one winner here. so yellow pearl is okay looking at opinion pulls and quote, protection or sadness. all that's to benefit populist, extreme right party. so that's like the national relief because they symbolize anger towards an animal mccomb calling. there has never been such as fit drop in a french president's popularity and us, okay, and that's what's problematic. it was because he has 4 years left in power until be complicated for him to pass any new form of self as soon rid of

a form to pension law is now moving ahead and some think this made a mobilization is the movement last gasp. after multiple nationwide strikes, but these parisians say they'll keep up the pressure. and the bullet from this political battle may be felt for years to come. we're joining me now is journalist colds dangler from paris, colon could they have you, withers on the program? are these images from the parents to day be we saw for gestures trying to shut police officers on fire in one location in another police using tear gas against demonstrators. where did things go from here? yeah, the crashes were, were pretty intense. i saw them 1st hand as well, and that's been sort of a recurring theme over the course at this moment though they were particularly intense today. where did the movement go from here? i think one thing to take a look at is just the size of these protests which were very massive. again,

even in the, even in the french context. so anyway, from around 780000 people according to believes to, to more than 2000000 according to unions. so $7.00 to $10.00 times higher than the last made a protest last year. you have to go back to 2000 to define made a demonstrations as big as these ones in france and that 2002 made. it was a very particular political moment in france because it was between the 1st and 2nd rounds of the, the presidential election in which the far right had qualified for the 1st time. so very symbolic moment in french history. so into the attitude. so just to give you a sense of how big these protests are, union said they're going to continue to keep up the pressure. at this point, it's looking fairly unlikely that a manual my call is going to withdraw that reform, that he's, that he's promulgated now. right now the opponents, the reform really ultimately have to sort of cards that there that they can play or that they're hoping what will pan out for them? one is, you have the constitutional council that in a couple of days time now is going to rule over the constitutionality of

a referendum. that would prohibit the government that would, that would know the reform prohibitive garment from hiking their retirement age above the age. $62.00, that's one, that's one option. and the other option is that you'd have a vote coming up next month in the national assembly to potentially a know their retirement or form that microsoft, super familiar with the 2 options that are left here for opponents. for me and i understand, approved for the referendum the, the numbers that would be required make it almost impossible. is that correct? it's certainly an extremely uphill battle there. there's a couple of things there. i mean, 1st, the constitutional counsel needs to agree that this is constitutional. and i think that's not really guaranteed at this age. there's a lot of doubt, even among people on the lesson, opponents of the reform. so you have to cross that 1st hurdle having the council agree. and then if the council does agree to it, what you need is you need to get, i think, as a referencing 10 percent of the french electorate to actually say that they,

i want a referendum. so that's, you know, 4800000 people in to sign on to this in the span of 9 months. and then you actually have to have a referendum. this is never happened successfully before using this referendum procedure that was approved in 2008. so it would be quite unprecedented. and yes, a very uphill battle. the trade unions. they have called for a big turn out to, to last beyond today, almost indefinitely. and for that to happen across all of france. how long can these approach us realistically, last yeah, i mean i, i think it's, it's, you know, it's quite hard to get this many people out in the streets like we saw today. it's maybe it's certainly going to be difficult to have these sort of one day mass process. i, i think that that's fair to say i'm on the other hand, what we've seen happen really in the last couple of weeks since my coin is government have tried to turn the page so to speak up on this retirement reform issue is that as they made public appearances across france and small towns,

they've been greeted almost systematically by protesters, by people banging pots and pans. we call them with what they're called. frances, this is the cast edward to people bringing out pots and pans, banging and making noise at each of their public appearances, against hopes of the president and also ministers. um and is that something that they want to be dealing with over over the coming months? i don't know, but i think what's clear is that that, that pressure is still continuing and it's making it difficult for the president. i think to, to turn the page as the, as he's wanting to do, is just to give you one very concrete example. a of this of this phenomenon is over the weekend, we had the final ah, for the cooked, of course, a football match, the annual french cup final. i'm traditionally attended by the french president at this that def coincide here, just outside of paris, a manual my call went to the match, but he did not go on the field. i'm. he shook the hands of the players in the tunnels. there was a band outside the stadium and i'm handing out whistles and handing out red cards.

michael's name was not mentioned by the public a but public address. so you have a president who's, you know, afraid i think to appear in public with large groups of people right now. what does that say right now about, i think it's, it's a fair statement make. what does that say right now about the state of a french democracy and the end macros ability to govern moving. busy forward so yes, to get back to that initial question, i think it's hard to have these, these mass protest. but you might have these sort of rolling protests that are going to accompany the president and members of his cabinet for the, you know, for an indefinite period. that anger is still very much there. yeah. and macros who stick with the president for a moment macro. he's used up a lot of the political capital with this reform pushing it through. he's got 4 more years at office. he doesn't have to run for reelection. but still, for more years, from the outside, it looks like what's happening could only be good news for the for right. maybe for the left. yeah, yeah, i mean it's a question that i think

a lot of people are asking even within muslim circle is, is sort of what, why continue to, to push ahead with this reform? i think, you know, they have their economic reasons for, for doing so. but at the cost of a lot of, you know, at a lot of the cost of social cohesion of the country, you mentioned the, the left, i think also sometimes can be neglected in a conversation. i think almost instinctively, people think the far right it is going to be the only force that, that, that's benefiting from this. you know, today's a show force for the left of the show force for the labor movement. you know, they're very much president, the very much president, excuse me, even if the president and his allies, you know, do not want them to be president in the conversation. i think that the calculation so far from the inner circle of my call has been to position the far right as the ideal opponent, because how they win elections. and you know, the today show that you have a whole lot of people that don't agree with the president they don't agree with.

with the far right either is really, i think, you know, 3 major political camps today in france and we are very, very fluid political situation. yeah. fluid and volatile. that is for sure, journalists, a co stangler, joining us tonight from paris with the latest call. we appreciate your reporting and your time. thank you. thank you. ah. in the united states, the week began with another bank on the brink over the weekend. you as regulators seized control of 1st republic bank. it's the 3rd american bank to collapse this year. the 2nd largest in us history and its demise came just as quickly as its rebirth on monday morning. first republics, 84 branches opened their doors for business under new ownership and under a new ne, the pressure on america's biggest regional bank just became too much a run on 1st republican march shook the company at a time when other lenders were collapsing. for the final straw came when 1st

republic share price collapsed, as investors found out the true scale of the damage their verdict, the lender was on borrowed time. customers took out billions of dollars towards the end of last year. it had almost a 180000000000 on its books that fell to just over a 100. by march, the bank was simply no longer viable. it's part of a wave to hit big banks of the top for us bank collapses by size 3. have been this year alone, including 1st republic joe biden's message. the sale of 1st republic to j. p. morgan protects depositors are sure that all depositors are protected. and the taxpayers are not on the hook. these action is going to make sure that the banking system is safe and sound. and that includes protecting small businesses across the country who need to make payroll for workers and their small versus a mixture of swift intervention. a buffer fund to prevent banking disasters,

and j. p. morgan's rescue means the crisis is unlikely to spread of the banks could still collapse. but at this stage, none on the scale of 1st republic. sorry, let's go down to business reporting and score to he's standing by the new york stock exchange. he has, it's good to see you. the failure of 1st republic is this part of the turmoil that we saw last month when 2 other banks collapsed. or is this maybe the next chapter in a growing crisis? well, i mean, if you ask a jamie diamond or the head alpha j. p. morgan, this said chapter of for the recent research regional banking failures is so close to so that's at least what jamie diamond is a claimant. but then again of what can he as say otherwise them, but it does a super pretty dramatic situation. i mean, as we've just heard 3 of the 4 biggest bank failures in the history of the united

states just happened a with the past 2 months. and some of the problems that sold banks are facing a very rapidly, very, aggressively moving interest rates. i mean, that is still true. also a thought, some other, a financial institutions and 1st republic, we understand it, received a $30000000000.00 lifeline just last month and that was not enough to save it. why? well, $30000000000.00 is a lot of money, but we just heard early last to week that actually the clients from 1st republic pulled about a $102000000000.00 just in the 1st quarter. if you look back a couple of weeks. so what happened? a took credit suisse, i mean they also got an injection from the swiss national bank, but then implies also pulled a billions of dollars each day. so it is a classical, a run on the bank. and if clients are lose the trust in such

a bank than even $30000000000.00, do not do the trick. j. p. morgan apparently moved quickly to take over 1st republic of j. p. morgan was already the largest us bank. now it's even bigger. and i remember banks in the financial grad crisis, back of 2008, 2009. remember they were too big to fail. i'm wondering, did i browse, did they breeze to day when j. p. morgan swallowed up 1st republic. i mean, those are not the usual circumstances, some on one hand side, there was some a relief even of this, not a great a solution, but it might be the least of worst them under normal circumstances. j. p. morgan would never get the okay, never get the sums up the to acquire another at bank and increase their a deposit. so this is clearly and this situation why everybody was sort of relieved and made an exception. so that j. p. morgan, as you mentioned, is getting even bigger audience,

judging by wall street reaction to the deal reaction, this monday, traitors, they seem to be shrugging off the the whole mess. yeah, and, and i'm wondering if we are underestimating the impact that those regional a bank failures ahead to him. i mean on one on the financial system, if more banks might follow. but even if this chapter is closed, for now, there might be an impact on the overall economy as so if we see a credit crunch, for example, that could lead into a recession for the united states. if that's going to happen a remains to be seen. i guess one of the reasons why walt street sought obstruct it off is that with the this banking crisis of at least 4 regional banks. it does make it a bit likelier that the federal reserve might increase interest rates one more time this wednesday. and then might be done and that could be a good development. and for wall street, at least them in the short term,

yet these we got one more question for you. yes. the these banking problems? how do they fit into the equation of the federal reserve? when they're thinking about interest rates of media, it seems that their, this variable that, that, that's not supposed to be there. well, i mean, one of the big questions that we still have to, to get an answer. where was the federal reserve when this whole crisis build up, per se? so i guess there will be a more, a discussions to a follow and when it comes to the interest rate in the policy as so, as i mentioned. so that could actually mean that, that we are a close to be done a, with a higher interest rates. ok, been sort of there on the floor of the near stock exchange. good to see. yes, thank you. ah. the european union has struck a deal to resume the imports of ukrainian agricultural products eve stage bordering ukraine. they were torn between wanting to help ukraine, their neighbor,

as well as wanting to protect their own farmers. and that had led some of the countries to ban imports from ukraine. ah, the you hopes to keep the grain trucks from ukraine on the go. and europe, united ukraine had long been a big agricultural exporter. but russia's invasion changed that with its black see ports partly blocked. ukraine got their products to market, surround the world overland through europe, and the e. u. wave tariffs on ukrainian goods to hell. but farm as nice in europe complained that they were being left with mountains of unsold produce and that the availability of cheaper ukrainian grains damaged to bad business.

poland normally a staunch ally of ukraine even banned imports unilaterally, leaving long lines of ukrainian trucks stuck out the border in april, ukraine's foreign ministry called the restrictions on its grain exports via the e. you quote, categorically, unacceptable. the agreement aims to let ukrainian agricultural products travel through the e. u butts allow poland, romania, bulgaria, slovakia, and hungary to impose internal temporary restrictions on some grain. plus it gives the option to restrict more produce and future. at the same time, it lets ukrainian goods into the you without tariffs for another year, mr. to those success when you, i think this is a success for the european union. but it was possible to reach a compromise solution and get out of this crisis which seemed to be potentially

dangerous economically and also politically the ship that compromise solution may get the trucks leaving again and e u leaders, hope it will maintain the image of the year at united in the poor, full ukraine. for here in germany, more than 3000000 people have signed up for a 49 euro flat rate, public transport ticket that covers the entire country. the germany ticket is valid for almost all forms of public transport. apart from long distance, inter city trains, that means buses local and regional trains, subways metro systems. the ticket is intended to attract travelers away from using cars and it follows on from an experimental 9 euro or you can ride ticket last year,

which was very popular. but which official said was simply too expensive for the government to support with subsidies. and joining me now is john worth. he's an independent commentator on europe's railways. he joins me to night from a train station in the western german city of vip atalla. john, it's good to see you again. this is a big day, i would say for any country really, i mean we're talking about you can buy one ticket and you could travel the entire country, all of germany by public transportation. is this a game changer? it can be a really, really significant change because it means for 49 years a month only you can go from one end of germany to another. and probably most people are not going to do that on an everyday basis. but take what i'm doing here today. i'm normally traveling, i live in berlin, but today i'm in boca towel. normally i'd need a different ticket for traveling on the public. trump. what here, where is that to you today?

i can just use the same ticket using berlin. it makes everything got any cheaper, but in the simpler years, and that's the big, big change that japanese experienced as of today with this new thought shawn take it. it's a deal then for people's pocket books, and it's also a good deal for the climate. right. i mean, those are the 2 big arguments. right, exactly. this all started last year with the cost of living crisis. when people said, hey, it's costing people more to get to work. what are we going to do about that? and germany started like many country thing. maybe we need to reduce tax on petrol . and then the green plot, he said, hey, i got, i mean if you're reducing tax on petrol, we need to do something for public transport. use this instead. what about reducing ticket prices? and they did that for a 3 month period as an experiment last year. then it's being a political battle, which has been hard to then say, what is going to happen permanently? and that's what this is now, a permanent $49.00 euros per month, flat rate ticket, the herpes that will get people out of that cause to puppies, metro travis,

and train to get to work that way. instead, that's indeed the plan. and i know the numbers today, the 1st day that it's been available on cell 3000000 people have bought it. i mean, what does that tell you in terms of viability and like jeopardy of this plant? well, we'll see how, how that plays are because it goes to be some other people who replace that regular tickets with a dodge. i'm thinking exactly how well that will work. we will see bear in mind that you've trained to policy that behind you on hold to do you have to bear in mind that when you we can read, you can change that. this is going to bring once we brought to the high summer season, when people are popping up on holiday, maybe sunny summer weekend. it's also going to occur. not only going to be people that it can be, can you think that that free time for an escape out of the city as well? so it's going to help all kinds of different people and it could lead to a major change in the way the new public trump with in germany. and i know you

travel all across europe on the railways. i mean, is there any other national real system that has anything comparable to this? there are a couple of examples in germany tried to learn from larry. so looks back, for example, it's public transport. it's completely free in the entire country benevolence, luxembourg. it's a lot all live in germany, it's you can exactly copy and paste that example, but the one that is much more significant to austria, which has it clean, take it. it's a bit more expensive than germany's though it's on take it, but it's valid in the old train, the catch with the dog and take it. it's only available on regional train, but not the long distance life be trained. those aren't included in any regional train. and buses and trauma in cities, but basically in germany then there's license about luxemburg and austria that have attempted similar experiments in recent years. well, and you know, if you don't mind changing trains a couple of times, it's going to be all aboard for a lot of people who will be saving money in the process. john,

where it's good talk with you and go catch a train. thank you. thank you. very much bye bye ah, in the u. k. preparations are in full swing for the coordination of king charles the 3rd with just 5 days to go into the ceremony. one dedicated monarchist is camping out to secure the perfect spot to watch the royal procession. he's brought a portable bed food is also a tarpaulin to ward off any rainy weather between now and may 6. and in a small village west of london, royal fans where they've knitted woollen replicas. you're going to see them of king charles and his wife, queen. there they are. camilla, the corral in real life. all right, the days almost done, the conversation continues online to find some twitter would be a break off tv. remember what ever happens between now and then? tomorrow is another day. we'll see you then everybody

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a new and processing the past. it's been a common notion in the post war period until and part today, nazis are always those other people under the ongoing struggle for remembrance and against denial in the land of the perpetrators starts may 6th on d, w. ah build i mean ah.