from popular friends to controversial monarch charles the 3rd making of a mono dw. the line to us is on his way to bring you more conservation. how do we make sweetness green? how can we protect habitats? we can make a difference. global ideas, environmental series in global 3000 on dw, and online, the berlin 90 years ago. on the 10th of may 1933 terms, students through tens of thousands of folks into a huge on fire right here, where i'm standing in the center fill in. in the next few

hours and that was just the beginning from hitler's rise to power to the hollow coast. and finally the destruction of central europe and the 2nd world war. in this video, we will find out why the nazis and others for an folks. and we will show how the nazi book for any pace to wait for the killing of millions of people. the joseph douglas, hitler's minister for propaganda, spoke of the debris of the past. that had to be very what did you mean by that? that settled back to germany during the 1920 in the golden twenty's

building was the 3rd largest city in the world and may be the most exciting cultural metropolis. the german film industry was driving in 1927 foot length movie metropolis storm. the fox surfaces, in 1928, the 12 break, 3 penny, oprah started its success story that would spread around the world. and in 1929 eric maria remarks best sell i or why it's on the west and from it would become one of the most successful gentlemen winning sales were also changing in the weimer republic, the 1st term and democracy women were allowed to vote. and to choose their own profession. and son were extremely successful, like him got coined as the last guy, shula, mc,

keep bones all same as writers and building. female writers also were taking part in the minds of the grammar. we probably, they have the same discussions on the important issues of the time on the idea of a new liberal society like v, i, the not proceed in the weimar republic was not only kind of a political movement, but also we can see that in the different fields of arts, especially in writing, they weren't starting to find new ways to express ideas, but also to yeah, to experience this different styles. but there was a dark side to the why more republic as well. the democratic system was not stable . people felt cheated by the peace treaty after the 1st world war, but include a tire reservation payments for germany. the street crash off 1929

likewise hit the gentleman's heart. in 1942, nearly 6000000 to them and square unemployed. nazis and communists were fighting in the straits of phil in it was the democracy. yet with a fatal lack of democrats. all of this match to hitler's rise to power. the in january 1933, hitler became german chancellor. but the nazi who was also not stable, the knots immediately started to get rid of their enemies. the . now we're going to visit a very unique he is in the center full persecuted, arts and zoning and the west of to him. and it focuses exclusively on artist who

has been victims of terra and violence. here we're going to find out whose books have been burned and what happened to the office, the museum director. you can come cutter and to write her a bill to such a going to introduce us to artist silver hate to by the nazis the this account here in the center for persecuted arts that route displayed many. many also subaru band and to many during the nazi periods. could you just give us an overview? who was, who, who were the artist or not? i will come and do many anymore. the artist were not into the so called fox command shaft. so everybody who has not seen nancy opinion was not accepted from the nazis. they declared who is in and who's out the out where

absolutely all the jews on to come. eunice, odds are the roots on the social democrats and all the people who were not common was not c sinking. also psych against the law had to fleet immediately wins and nazi's and came into power at the end of january 90. so to 3, he escaped in the united from his flat for the nazis said, we have to find total cause he is so a games denazi's. so we have to, we have to catch him. he was a no, that's a liberal call me on this or left wing social democrats. and he wants to do, and he was a person the enemy of how do i fit in his play will turn on change from 1923 told i had really killed hit to there is a pied piper and one of the dangerous,

a fried wing radicals because today in germany, every citizen must think only of the nazi leader dictates every book mountain line with nazi dot from the works of liberal thinkers. the writings of all jews are, sees, been firm so thoroughly organized does not say domination of the individual. but there is not a single job on the home that escape the bedroom, the in every village. in everett town them said the storm trooper from boots headquarters, the local party leader, direct his district campaign of mach victims, were persecuted. this film created for us audience reenacted the terrible events that took place into them and he in the spring of 1973, the next one to work as an artist, as an also so it was an artist. so musician r as in an extra you have to be member of suffice. good pull, come a of the nazis,

the nice clue to a come a control all of cultural life and nazi germany. denazi's decided who is in that ice. come on, come on. what's not in the device split to come off? if you're not into an ice control, come out, you were not allowed to work officially in the dodge of size as an artist, the cultural elite of the why more republic was out. so you could not publish, you could not go into a stage on a theater. you cannot walk in the movie, you could not be ex image and then use the are in the gallery or something. us the in the showcase this works and documented blacklisted writers. a display in may

1933 more than 200 also were on blacklist and find 1934, but blacklist included more than 3500 words. the nazis tried to erase the memory of a whole generation of german rights, and among them were many women who had just started to gain political equality and career opportunities. now the tide had turned. what was the i do women in the eyes of the nazis mother and mother to many, many children. and then was it so women have to be supportive of the men and the idea of the rights, which was yes, reading german children all over a big in germany. and women like as an special ed did not at all fit in that but no of course not enough to shoot up was the gym and jewish poets and play right. a

leading seaman artist of german expressionism and the death link personality she was divorced. twice she had a son was not born in one of her marriages, but she was very individualistic. she was very independent and, and of course she took her agency. she took the room, she really spread. the idea is uh yeah, liberty of empowerment. but also she was, was kind of a queer artist, even though she was like, she was not a queer person, but she was performing gender and she was courageous and a place you that extra say these proof tragic signs. the counselors, many, many of those programs and they canceled her, her play out with all the most. so that was in march 1933. and she had to escape

because she was attacked by members of the us in the streets in berlin. what happened to is alaska, sheila, after she had to leave germany, she 1st went in switzerland and from then she travels a bit and then she came to palestine and in 1945, she died in jerusalem and toner, hips, as personal enemies lived as an excellent in the united states and 1939, he was bankrupt and depressed. he carried all the time a click of openness in the suitcase. and this was the moment when you decide that this is my last a possibility to be free. to make the decision to go out of this size. and this is a disaster ending, but this is the ending of ends total and it fits completely to us to this radical consequent class. he was one of many persecuted artists who committed suicide over

to me. like right. a causal us yet. see who died and nazi arrest or eric lose. um, who was killed in a concentration come, what was happening in germany was no secret on may 10th 1933 more than 100000 people protested in u. s. cities against hitler. american books, by the way, web burned on this day to like works by optim, saint clair and ernest hemingway a us national icon reacted as well. the deaf blind while i to helen keller, she wrote an open letter to the nazi organize. as of the book, burning, saying, history has taught you nothing. if you think you can kill ideas, tyrants have tried to do that often before. and the ideas have risen up in their minds and destroys them actually being born under not see who she might not even have survive childhood. denazi's racial hygiene program was responsible for killing

hundreds of thousands of disabled persons. good . ready finish this time. bookshelves are located on the ground. they controlled around 20000 folks about as many as the nazis frontier in 1933. today, this empty library, as a memorial side, created by is really artist tanisha omen. books are incredibly powerful, every also retiree and regime fits them. and no story proves that better than this one. now if any of you guys ever seen one of these bad things for real we burned almost every physical book in the country. some of the time you guys grow up there won't be one book. bird ray

bradbury wrote the dist tokyo novel in 1953. inspired by the not simple furnace headsets has passed mister dress. you're an expert on the subject of the book or an exit. why did the nazis actually burn books? they could have just found them by the time and by then they did both of them. but i know that when the book burning took place here in berlin and many other places in germany, the book bands had already begun. some things i knew that these are the herds of libraries had begun in february, march 19, 33, and 11 voted here in berlin. an indexing committee was set up under the leadership of both cunningham on langley research the catalogues for so called about hostile literature. and you'll find that and that's what that's about and what was the meaning of the fire as it as full? yeah, it's, yeah, fire is traditionally a symbol that stands not only for destruction, but also in a certain way for read you the nation on. can you give us advice? i'll fill you in the national socialists and also worked with this symbolism and

this metaphor i'm the not to neither tend, it's not the opposite. the orchestration of the book burnings in 1933 is reminiscent of religious ceremonies. typical of nazi events on german radio listeners could follow the report life. the radio was one of the most important propaganda tools of the nazi regime and propaganda was used to both intimidate and entertain. with one goal in mind, total control, one of the people what type of art and literature was permitted was decided by the

so called like ministry of public enlightenment and propaganda. headed by joseph doubles pitiless closest acolyte. will have put the goodness of propaganda minister, joseph, governess. oh, that's a book burnings, not as enough time. oh no, that was done on the part of the german student unions. initiative you um, monitoring the anti jewish boycott. and 1933. they drew up a plan that they wanted to tie in directly with this action of the boy caught up the jews and they set up their own campaign which was called action against the and german spirit that started on april 13th with the dissemination of the poster against the and german spirit, he owned a cod with 12, the police anti semitic dfcs. and so it keeps on giving me different colorado stuff then applicable to, to on the what do students today think about that.

dylan davis studies lloyd buildings, homebound university, which is located right on the side of the book burnings. i knew about the book bindings i was, and i think every one of his studies at the german high school. so i'm not aware of what happened. but, but when i started studying here, took about 2 or 3 weeks until i actually realized this is why books provide literature. i'll respond. so that was a fast, a kind of shocking experience. we con, forgotten about the book bindings. why not random events, sconces by the nazis. they were organized by students of the faculty of law. they were supported by professors of this faculty. and that part of history is not being addressed within building on

the location of the ninety's. and you've heard 3 of the book burnings, dylan and others want to make this small visible. they are putting together a special exhibition with biographies of people who were forced to leave the university. i think for me it was touching to see the viruses of women because they could just start to um, to work as a lawyer in the 19 twenty's 22. and just like after 10 years or something it was over. i can see that you all of the remove of the topics. do you probably have any family background like to wish ancestors who had to leave university? i think for me it's the other way around. so i know that to at least 2 of my great grandfather select nazis. i have been in the ss, and i think i saw the fest have that this

past encourage me to reflect on and not sit around and try to remember those that have been prosecuted and then to couldn't lift, get on with that life soft of us just like and my great grandparents grand margaret grandfather did so for me it was from a, a background was a motivation to get into the topic. but just the other way around in the city of cologne, in the west of to many, some of the young people are researching not c victims to. this is the headquarters of the cologne fall, atkins. but not the football team. falcons, the falklands ira tillman's socialist youth organization with a history of more than a century. during the nazi regime, the follicles has been prohibited and persecuted. some fall to members are going to tell us more about it, and about their project on book burnings. literally in shot money is 20 years old and belongs to a project group that is preparing

a remembrance event in cologne. which was this project is that we remember our says, our past and the the start use of our organization. but also to tell the story about a fight against terrorism and but also a culture of ecto switched with you that was destroyed like in addition to jews, socialists and communists with the main enemies of the nazis. many of them had to flee, too many were breasted, or even killed several. and can you tell me a little bit about the codes that you're planning on the book? read like to perform a combination of reading and text off the comforts of this time. and the treating the reading of the text,

we sing songs that are important for the fine. 1934 more than $3500.00 books were on the nazis blacklist money. persecuted also as had already left germany to come into the system. what was it like an everyday life? did people read the black list of books and the way? what stimulated in pretty lots of like in the private arena? these books were still found on people shelves. but of course, people were cautious when visitors came calling on the p lot. they preferred to hide them away, but people continue to read them privately. can people take and public libraries they've disappeared completely assisting? that's an i will tell us named with indexing and blacklist laughed and the nazi

succeeded in making these books no longer accessible or away level in bookstores underneath may cost me to add that. so they actually succeeded in making a large part of these authors dade, into oblivion, i think is i think, i guess i'm, i'm, i'm fine. so that's in the snack month. on the ad, for example. then the famous us good evening, whose books were also burned here. i 53 in the sam. he returned from exile after 1945, but never reconnected. it can't the knock notice that someone else to look for em, god coin withdrew successful novel, the artificial silk girl, fox, vermont. she lived in germany after 1945 and as an impoverished officer is and continued to publish a book. as i know of tom's that they weren't in demanded any more left to advise that because of these authors had become largely a marginal divide in like united the best to be able to visit in what has happened to the nazi boots for an x had not occurred to me at the vince the dean that's and as i said, if it had not been for national socialism,

if it had not been for the burning of books, the cultural diversity and innovated spirit of germany in the 1920s would certainly have continued in thoughts on end because had to bite the flock through the them on look to the united states. i saw the hollywood to the actors and directors who worked their house quits long. for example, an immigrant from germany on slips long by 6. by the end of the month or flash last night or in science and albert einstein who went into exile. and i'm our social scientists, like ted or don't know also left the united states. the field was on or him off in the fine. you can start, like you were american universities and american cultural institutions, on the influx of immigrants from germany was a huge benefit. that's what it all from that. and maybe that's what they are still reaping these benefits. and i would say that we have not yet recovered from that loss and what it meant for germany. i'm the ones uh, beside to me stuff would you almost tied on you said what took you to place the lot to flood and soil literature, high modern literature not to not. and of course the national socialist kitch,

completely boring stuff, and people didn't actually read it the whole month versus a glance of when, when i'm in the medicine was a burn books. they will ultimately burn human beings as well. the that's what the words on this memorial plaque say. well, it's 10 by 100 kind of a gentleman, choose code of the 19th century of cause the nazi's for and his folks to not so that by and 1933 of the nazis burned books in 1938. the synagogues were burned. and in 194243 during the show of to get the genocide of the european jewish people were very much and then i will pay some you wouldn't find, mention the nazis did not invent book burnings over the course of christianity. those books and people that were burned and she laid books burned after puts in 1973 and in 2022 and the us books were also burned

away. when you hear about the book burnings in tennessee, in 2022. a password for the entire report and twilight volume. so that's why that's all the discussions about banning books from school libraries in florida. what do you think them to taking and sorry to go to like it? i would not compare such individual actions with the historical context of major book burnings, and how many i hear on may 10th alone books were burned in 22 places in germany, upon these actions of which you speak. there was also a burning of the koran in sweden by right wing extremists that all could take him, which of course should be condemned. reading these or actions by individuals or groups extend this thing, but they are not actions backed by public authorities and board police agency was released from britain they can provide and what i've often police highest and then do using something like that could happen in too many to when we are not fighting

for our let's say our values, of course, the every place then in total and a demo credit ready because came into power is clear, it could happen on every place also, or also in germany. what kept each and every one of us do to prevent that standard . and yes, say something, have the courage to say something the

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