register now for the d. w global media on 2023 in germany and online the increasingly fragmented world with a growing number of forces digital. the amplified where this clutter can lead. we really need to overcome and divisions and a vision for tomorrow's journalism register. now and join us for this discussion at the 16th edition of d, w's global media forum, the berlin, 90 years ago. on the 10th of may 1933 terms, students through tens of thousands of folks into a huge on fire right here, where i'm standing in the center fill in in the next few

hours. and that was just the beginning from hitler's rise to power to the hollow coast. and finally the destruction of central europe and the 2nd world war. in this video, we will find out why the nazis and others for an folks. and we will show how the nazi book earnings pays to wait for the killing of millions of people. the joseph douglas, hitler's minute stiffle propaganda spoke of the debris of the past. that had to be very what did you mean by that? that's settled back to germany during the 1920 in the golden twenty's

building was the 3rd largest city in the world and may be the most exciting cultural metropolis. the german film industry was driving in 1927. it's long as movie metropolis storm. the box offices in 1928. the 12 right. 3 penny, oprah thought it's a success story that would spread around the world. and in 1929 eric maria remarks best sell i or why it's on the west and from would become one of the most successful gentlemen winning sales. we're also changing in the weimer republic, the 1st term and democracy women were allowed to vote and to choose their own profession. and something were extremely successful, like him got coined as the scot schuler. hence the key bones,

all same as riotous and building. female writers also were taking part in the minds of the rama republic they have the same discussions on the important issues of the time on the idea of a new liberal society like v, i must proceed in the weimar republic was not only kind of a political movement but also we can see that in the different fields of arts, especially in writing, they weren't starting to find new ways to express ideas, but also to yeah, to expect run for some different styles. but there was a dark side to the why my republic as well. the democratic system was not stable. people felt cheated by the peace treaty after the 1st world war, but include a tire reservation payments for germany. dual street crash off 1929.

likewise hit the gentleman's heart in 1942, nearly 6000000 to them and square unemployed. nazis and communists were fighting in the straits of phil in it was a democracy, yet with a fatal lack of democrats. all of this match to hitler's rise to power the in january 1933, hitler became german chancellor. but the nazi who was also not stable, the knots immediately started to get rid of their enemies. the . now we're going to visit a very unique, he is in the center, full, persecuted, arts and zoning and the west of to him. and it focuses exclusively on artist who

has been victims of terra and violence. here we're going to find out whose books have been burned and what happened to the office the using director. you can come cutter and to writer a bill to such a going to introduce us to artist silver hated by the nazis the this account here in the center for persecuted arts. um, there are displayed many, many also subaru, band and to many during the nazi period. could you just give us an overview? who was, who, who were the artists were not? well come in germany anymore. the all artist were not into so called fox combined shaft. so everybody who has not seen nancy opinion was not accepted from the nazis. they declared who is in and who's out out where

absolutely all the jews the on to come you this pause of the roots of the social democrats and all the people who were not common was not c. sinking. also like against the law, had to feed immediately wins and nazi's and came into power. at the end of january 9043, he escaped in the united from his flat. the nazis said we have to find total cause he is so against the nazis. so we have to, we have to catch him. he was a no, that's a liberal call me on this or left wing social democrats. and he wants to do, and he was a person the enemy of how do i fit in his play will turn on change from 1923 told i had really killed hit to the rest of pied piper. and one of the dangerous,

a fried wing radicals. because today in germany, every citizen must think only of the nazi leader dictates. every book, not in line with nazi dot from the works of liberal thinkers. the writings of all the jews are sees confirmed so thoroughly organized does not say domination of the individual, but that is not a single job on the home of escape. so bengal in every village in everett town and city are storm trooper from booths headquarters, the local party leader directed his district. campaign of the box victims were persecuted. this film created for us audience re enacted the terrible events that took place into him. and he, in the spring of 1973, the next one to work as an artist, as an also so vision. so he was ition r as in an extra you have to be member. also heis good to come on. the nazis

nice clue to a come up. told all of the cultural lice and nazi germany. the nazis decided who is in that ice. come on, come on. what's not in the device, go to a couple. if you're not into that ice crew to come out, you were not allow the to work officially in the dodge of size as an artist, the cultural elite of the why more republic was out. so you could not publish, you could not go into a stage on a theater. you cannot walk in the movie, you could not be ex image and then use them are in the gallery or something. us the in the showcase this works and documented blacklisted writers. a display in may

1933 more than 200 also were on blacklist. and 51934. the black list included more than $3500.00 words. the nazis tried to erase the memory of a whole generation of german rights, and among them were many women who had just started to gain political equality and career opportunities. now the tide had turned what was the i do women in the eyes of denazi's, mother and mother to many, many children. and that was it. so women have to be supportive of the men. and the idea of the rights, which was yes, reading german children all over a big in germany and women like as an special ed did not at all fit in that fact, no, of course not enough to shoot up was the gym and jewish poets and play right,

a leading seaman artist of german expressionist and a definitely personality. she was divorced twice she had a son was not born in one of her marriages, but she was very individualistic. she was very independent and and of course she took her agency. she took the room, she really spread. the idea is uh yeah, liberty of empowerment. but also she was, was kind of a queer artist. even though she was like, she was not a queer person, but she was performing gender and she was courageous and a place she led extra say, these proof tragic signs. the counselors many, many of those programs and they canceled her. her play out with all the most so that voice in march of 90, so to speak. and she had to escape because she was detached by members of the as in

the streets in berlin. what happened to is alaska, sheila, after that she had to leave germany. she 1st went to switzerland and from then she travels a bit. and then she came to palestine and and 1945. she died in jerusalem toner, hips as person. an enemy lived as an excellent in the united states and 1939. he was bankrupt and depressed. he carried all the time slick at of all, presumably suitcase. and this was a moment when you decide that this is my last a possibility to be free to make the decision to go out of this size. and this is a disaster ending, but this is the ending of ends total and it fits completely to us to this red color and consequent class. he was one of many persecuted artists who committed suicide

over killed like right. a call for not yet see who died and not see arrest or eric lose. um, who was killed in a concentration come. what was happening in germany was no secret on may 10th. 1933 more than 100000 people protested in u. s. cities against hitler, american books, by the way, web burned on this day to like works by optim, saint clair and ernest hemingway a us national icon reacted as well. the deaf blind while i to helen keller, she wrote an open letter to the nazi organize us of the book, burning, saying, history has taught you nothing. if you think you can kill ideas, tyrants have tried to do that also before. and the ideas have risen up and they might end destroy them actually being born under nazi who she might not even have survive childhood denazi's racial hygiene program was responsible for killing

hundreds of thousands of disabled persons. ready the . ready finish this chain book shelves are located on the ground. they controlled around 20000 books about as many as the nazis frontier in 1933. today this empty library as a memorial site, created by ease really, artists, myisha omen. books are incredibly powerful. every also retiree and regime sees them and no story proves that better than this one. now if any of you guys ever seen one of these bad things for real we bird, almost every physical book in the country. some of the time you guys grow up there won't be one book. bird ray bradbury

wrote the dist tokyo novel in 1953 in spite. it's either not simple, especially the 6 past mr. trust. you're an expert on the subject of the book or any language. why didn't denazi's actually burn books? they could have just found them by the time and by then they did both of them. but i know that's when the book burning took place here in berlin and many other places in germany. the book bands had already begun findings. i knew that these are the herds of libraries had begun in february, march 19, 33, and 1. 1 board is here in berlin, and indexing committee was set up under the leadership of books cunningham. i'm going to search the catalogues for so called about hostile literature and you'll find that and that's what, that's what i'm, what was the meaning of the fire as it as play? yeah, it's, yeah, fire is traditionally a simple that stands not only for destruction but also in a certain way for read you the nation on can give us otherwise. i'll fill you in the national socialists and also worked with this symbolism and this metaphor. i'm

the not tonight, but send this off the opposite. the orchestration of the book burnings in 1943 is reminiscent of religious ceremonies. typical snouts, the events unplugged them and radio listeners could follow the report life. the radio was one of the most important propaganda tools of the nazi regime and propaganda was used to both intimidate and entertain. with one goal in mind, total control, one of the people what type of art and literature was permitted was decided by the

so called dwight ministry of public, enlightenment and propaganda headed by joseph's gulls. hit loose, closest collide. i will have papa. goodness, so propaganda minister, joseph, governess. oh, that's a book burnings, not as it does come on. no, that was done on the part of the german student unions. initiative you in modeling the anti jewish boycott in 1933. when i'm, they drew up a plan that they wanted to tie in directly with this action of the boy caught up the jews. and they set up their own campaign which was called action against the and german spirit that started on april 13th with the dissemination of the poster against the german spirit. he owned a car with 12 deeply anti semitic the seats. and so keeps on as a musician, colorado then applicable to, to on the what do students today think about that.

dylan davis studies, lloyd buildings, homebound university, which is located right on the side of the book burnings. i knew about the book bindings. i was, i think everyone has studies at the german high school, so i'm not aware of what happened. but, but when i started studying here, it took about 2 or 3 weeks until i actually realized this is why books provide literature. i'll respond. so that was a fast, a kind of shopping experience. we comp, forgetting about the book findings. why not random events started by the nazis. they were organized by students of the faculty of law. they were support this by professors of this faculty, and that part of history is not being addressed within building on

the location of the ninety's and reverse 3 of the book burnings. dylan and others want to make this small visible. they are putting together a special exhibition with biographies of people who were forced to leave the university. i think for me it was touching to see the power of women because they could just start to um, to work as a lawyer in the 19 twenty's 22. and just like after 10 years or something it was over. i can see that you all of the remove of the topics. do you probably have any family background like a jewish ancestors who had to leave university? i think for me it's the other way around. so i know that to at least 2 of my great grandfather select nazis. i have been in the ss, and i think i saw the best to have that this

have encouraged me to reflect and not sit around and try to remember those that have been prosecuted and then to couldn't lift, get on with that live soft of us, just like my great grandparents grand margaret grandfather did so for me it was the familiar background was a motivation to get into the topic. but just the other way around in the city of cologne and the west of to many, some of the young people are researching, not see victims to this. this the headquarter of the cologne fall, atkins, but not the football team. falcons. the falklands are a job and social this youth organization with a history of more than a century. during the nazi regime, the follicles have been prohibited and persecuted, some fall can members are going to tell us more about it, and about their project on book burnings. this is each month, monday is 20 years old and belongs to a project group that is preparing

a remembrance event in cologne. which was this project is that we remember our says, our past and the, the start use of our organization. but also to tell the story about a fight against terrorism and but also a culture of active sex with you that was destroyed like in addition to jews, socialists and communists were the main enemies. something not safe. many of them had to flee, too many were breasted, or even killed several. and can you tell me a little bit about the codes that you're planning on the book? read like to perform a combination of reading and takes all the comforts of this time. and the treating the reading of the text,

we sing songs that are important for the fine. 1934 more than 3 soldiers. $500.00 books were on the nazis blacklist. many persecuted, also as had already left germany to come and which doesn't like what was it like an everyday life? did people read the blacklisted books and the way what symbolism and provide like in the private arena? these books were still found on people shelves. but of course, paperwork cautious when visitors came calling in prove that they preferred to hide them away. but people continue to read them privately from people to and public libraries. they've disappeared completely assisting. that's an i will tell us named with indexing and blacklist spots. and the nazi succeeded in making these books no

longer accessible or avail level in bookstores underneath matt crisis. yeah, that, so they actually succeeded in making a large part of these authors date into oblivion. the exact same guessing i'm fine . so that's in the snack month. on the ad, for example, then the famous us good evening whose books were also burned here. i said you bring in with them. he returned from exile after 1945, but never reconnected. it can't the not nonsense. someone else to look for em. god coin went through successful novel the artificial silk girl. you my flexible mind. she lived in germany after 1945 and so as an impoverished officer and continue to publish a book as i know the times that they weren't in demand. and i'm more left to advise that because these authors had become largely a marginal and i divide in my united the best to be able to visit in what has happened to the nazi both for an x had not occurred to me at the vince did not soon as i said, if it had not been for national socialist game had,

if it had not been for the burning of books, the cultural diversity and innovated spirit of germany in the 1920s would certainly have continued in thoughts on end because had to bite the flock through this, them on i looked to the united states, i saw the hollywood to the actors and directors who worked their house. it's long, for example, an immigrant from germany cliffs long by 659 immigrants or flesh last night or in science in albert einstein who went into exxon about i'm our social scientists like to do, i don't know. also left the united states, the appeal to either on or off in the fine. you can start, like you were american universities and american cultural institutions on the influx of immigrants from germany. it was a huge benefit. that's what it all from that in the that's what they are still reaping these benefits of pnc before and i would say that we have not yet recovered from that loss. excellent. and what it meant for germany, i'm the ones uh, beside to me stuff would be almost hard on you said what took in place with a lot to flood and soil literature, high modern literature not to not. and of course the national socialist kitch,

completely boring stuff, and people didn't actually read it. it is hold on for just a glance of when, when i'm in the medicine where they burn books, they will ultimately burn human beings as well. the. that's what the words on this memorial plaque say. well it's 10 by 100 kind of a gentleman. choose code of the 19th century of cause the nazi's for and his folks to not so that by and 1933 the nazis burned books in 1938. the synagogues were burned in 1942, 43 during the show up to get the genocide of the european jewish people were very much and then i will pay some you wouldn't find, mention the nazis did not invent book burnings over the course of christianity. those books and people who were burned, and she li, books burned after puts in 1973, and in 2022,

and the us books were also burned away. when you hear about the book burnings in tennessee, in 2022, a passport bern, terry puts on twilight volumes. why? that's all the discussions about banning books from school libraries in florida. what do you think them to taking and sorry to go to like it? i would not compare such individual actions with the historical context of major book earnings and how many i hear on may 10th alone books were burned in 22 places in germany, upon these actions of which you speak. there was also a burning of the koran in sweden by right wing extremists that one could seeking which of course should be condemned reading. these are actions by individuals or groups, explain this thing, but they are not actions fact by public authorities and board police agency was at least for when they can provide and what up our company's highest and then do using something like that could happen in too many to when we on our funding for our

let's say our values in every place and then in total run the demo credit, the credit cards came into power is clear. it could happen on every plays also, or also in germany. what can each and every one of us do to prevent that standard? and yes, say something, have the courage to say something. the

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