on the show down in turkey on sunday, the country heads to the poles and its 1st ever presidential run off in the midst of a crippling economic crisis. struggling with the aftermath of devastating earthquakes at the beginning of the year, turks got to choose between long time later ridge, m type and on or his challenger came on and police though it's a vote of global repercussions. turkey is a nato member with close ties to russia, one of the 20 biggest economies in the world, and house more refugees than any other country. despite the fact that aired on has chipped away at democratic institutions muscled the media and stifled this sudden throughout his 20 years and power. the odds are in his favor. nicole fairly in berlin, and this is the day the

able to get my legs on. i think it's good for 30 of them, i believe the killer rule that when i'm very hopeful because i think there was brought in the 1st round that you all are things the one who's better for touch. i should wait, but i think it change is need is reasonable them. thank you. i will for any want to get rid of hair to why he buried us to lie to you soon. i be of always the for the least bad. either one is a good man with all is on through us about it. also on the day, more connected, but more isolated than ever. the us surgeon general declares a loneliness epidemic will speak to a leading psychologist about the reasons and possible remedies. loneliness, an isolation or the core of so many of the healthy shoes that we're facing. as

a country and we truly are experiencing a crisis of disconnection to all our viewers around the world. welcome to the show, no matter the outcome turkey's presidential runoff is sure to be historic. after all, it's the country's 1st, but it might also mark a watershed moment for turkey and its allies, the 2nd round pits incumbent president renter type or the one against challenger commodity leave stone. and the 1st round, or the one proved pollsters wrong, and performed significantly better than expected. and as our corresponding julia on reports from a stumble that seen his rival once a soft spoken, moderate, resorting to anti refugee rhetoric to bolster his chances. supporters of the top each president are celebrating even before sundays run or float? no one he had doubts the dredge of tiny about one would make good on his promise

during the 1st election nights. the last name is ernest, take the best silver and we will continue to set the nation for the next 5 years. to add, one did not secure an outline to victory in the 1st round, which he did better than poles had predicted and came on well ahead of his main opponent. since then and ultra nationalist place candidate was induced and one holding on his support is to vote for the incumbent of the most of the others here. agree that ad one has a clear advantage in the one position leader kim. all kind of. so lou never the less wants to fight for every votes and has changed his strategy at the last minutes. he's now presenting himself as a nationalist, hartline or, and the steering up. and ty, refugee sentiments, vo,

position has put up new billboards with slogans like the syrians will leave tokyo some more refugees than any other country, according to the un and immigration is a key issue for most political parties. culture oh, has now decided to make a big point of it, promising to throw out millions of people, relying on vento fully messages and unsubstantiated figures the sofa. it was your we will not leave a home this mentality. that's all that is brought 10000000 iraqi. the keys into our country, so they're not most of the border is our own a not, we will not leave a home on those who are incapable of protecting our own on the voices and ruined the flow of people. let's say that info traits y'all. bagels up every day. to tease economy is deeply troubled. sky high inflation has left to a cost of living prices, with people can afford less and less. some politicians claim the migraines and

refugees are contributing to the crisis. and more and more tax. believe it. just a minute, i think the migrant should definitely leave unemployment and our rent and increase because of the office to them by giving them or somebody had to speak up and say what people think because this is what so now mind we think they should definitely go there to get a condition here just in the kitchen cabinet. foreign is benefit from rights that the country should give to its own people. they are being given rights that fight or at home. so i'm not been in tape them of them yet. i let it go do a lot. so this is, this has never been this political analyst back s. and does not believe that the new hard line strategy flew healthcare. little lou, when against are the one the may know position candidate is trying to lose his nation, the supporters by adopting a very nationalist discourse. but it also seems that the opposition candidate is in

fruitful, that he has made the major you turn off the 1st rounds and that's probably a, this message is not going to really come across as credible another problem for the position here in turkey is the lack of equal opportunity before election. president ad one has secured normal powers for himself, so he is, he control state funds and such a district. he has jails, political rivals. and the countries media is overwhelmingly pro governments international of the say, the electrons here are largely free. but not fast. data from turkey is media woodstock showed that state to be has reported on president ad one for 49 hours and recent weeks is challenger received only 32 minutes of time in the same period. sorry, if i call you in this broadcast, the imbalance was as clear as day terms, because it is the presenter explained in detail how to vote in the run of only showing our due on the opposition candidate wasn't even mentioned. the system is

still it. these elect really competitive bots because of the on even playing fields between the ruling party and the pollution parties. because of the fact that the government has full control over digit the shoot individual could see as well as much of the national media deal. pollution faces an appeal that so in prevailing in the elections and that's why the system is, will to tadja, is sort of in the duel between ad one and to let you don't lose the incumbent. there seems to have a better chance as well. not only of to sundays vote, we will know with an ad one supported as have celebrated to early the more on what's at stake and sundays run off. i'd like to welcome isley. i didn't catch the bus seems an expert in turkish foreign policy and currently a visiting fellow at brookings institution in washington. welcome to the name is i mean test bus and can, can live so new, turn things around or has the dive and cast already. i

think it's very difficult for him to turn things around. the difference is 4 and a half points already and of the opposition, kansas less motivated up to the results of the 1st selection. so things are looking very tough for him. it's an uphill battle, and more importantly, i think he's losing momentum in the sense that opposition voters who believed that they'd be able to get to a victory in the 1st round may not to go to polls. and some of his supporters may be upset that he's all of a sudden b ring towards the more nationalist line. don't forget that he also received curtis support and there are no tools that thrill that course. charlie is now a nationalist in the, at the level. it's our, yeah, i want to talk about this, you turn towards a more populous v. no full base stands. he portrayed himself as a,

you know, a very moderate candidate. is this doing more harm than good for him and isn't even credible to voters because he ran on an entirely different platform differently. the way reynolds who loves lo in democracy and i think that it is staying in his campaign. he. he describes problems with democratic backsliding and in the, under our do on. and those things are still important for voters as to his position on refugees, a tougher line. i have to be honest with you. unfortunately, that resonates with turkish voters. it may not look credible because he's doing it at the last minute, but do turkish voters penalize a candidate or actually want to hear that stuff i, i worry that it's more the that or what i, i was just and took is spend a good deal of time and what i have seen is that anti refugee's sentiments are across the political spectrum. man of different political parties are different of

our offering, essentially different formulas to send syrian and other refugees back. we'll see they're talking about voluntary returns. some are talking about people putting people in buses, so it is just election propaganda, but they do so because it hits the nerve and target society, which itself has become more anti refugee. that is a reality that may not will be enough to win coolage sterile. the election, but it is a, it is unfortunately a legacy of the syrian war and the rapid expansion of could you population. and a part of that growing anti refugee sentiment is the economic crisis. isn't that? why do you think so many voters then decide to stick with arrow on the spines all the crises that the country is going through,

many of which are result direct results of his policies. for several reasons i, i actually have, i have no doubt that turkey society is ready for change. they just didn't think coached oral lou could be that agent of change still owe 25000000 to have voted for him. so we mustn't underestimate the, uh, the, what the opposition has done, and they are campaigning on the conditions that are very different from those in democratic societies. but i think for turkish voters, a number of things they, the opposition looked perhaps to devise it. uh, cause of cheryl, or maybe it was not the most stimulating, charismatic candidate even as far as the opposition options were concerned. and present. 31 has be rolling out. handouts varies,

a sort of government projects. new construction drives, also touting turkeys new, whole made defense, industry products, turkeys, new aircraft carrier. it trick, he's new is various military toys. it's new tank, it's new. it's new attack helicopter, as part of his election campaign, putting it all together under a rising turkey. a theme every day, day and day out, the idea of arising turkey versus what he choose, the opposition off, which was being in bed with terrorist meeting supported by to her as being supported by the work on cetera. and one of these things looks funny, perhaps to us in the solid use when you are in turkey, what you see is that day in day out, people are presented with images and sometimes videos and fate. videos that you know, that are designed to move in the image. that opposition is working with terrorism.

yeah. yeah. i mean, i wanna, i wanna talk to like, and i do want to jump in there because we don't have much time less. what do you think? 5 more years of early one would mean for turkey, especially looking at you know, minorities and vulnerable communities like the l g, b, t, q, community, which he has consistently antagonized throughout his campaign and refugees as we were talking about before. look, i do on 3.2, this is what i call him is the much the, the, the, the government's will be far more national as than more far right. the what we had 2 months ago, the new parliament has a no. all right. and will to nationalist constituencies that make everyone look moderate, even as of course, i say that for she pushes the but i do worry about exactly do crew, whoops, youtube to bass, the l g b t community but also curtis constituencies. love both as for the opposition and

of course women, some of whom we, you know, women in cities and elsewhere who really are worried about the entrance entrance into the parliament as some groups that are more far more as love as an a k p or farm or far right then a k b. so i think that it's going to leave a number of people valuable in society. all right, but it is still all up in the air. we still have 2 days to go until the election. thank you so much as we, i didn't touch bus visiting, so i brookings institution and washington, thanks for your time. thanks the cool social or anti social? the so so how would you describe your relationship with your mother? thank you. please wait. is your operating system is initiated?

hello, i'm here. hi. that was eclipse from the movie her a drama said in the not too distant future about a lonely man who falls in love with his operating system. in 2013 when the film came out. a relationship with a virtual assistant was still largely science fiction, but recent leaves and artificial intelligence are making new kinds of one sided emotional connections possible. some c, a i as a useful and cost effective therapy for the growing number of people suffering for feelings of loneliness, an isolation chat box design to boost wellbeing are already out there. and the demand for a i based mental health services is expected to boom. in the coming years, full earlier this month, you a surgeon general, shown a light to on the problems associated with loneliness by declaring it an american epidemic. he said the growing isolation in society poses a health risk as deadly as smoking and 80 page report. dr. vick more to you said,

we now know that loneliness is a common feeling that many people experience, so like hunger or thirst at the feeling the body sends us on something we need for survival is missing. dr naomi way is a professor of developmental psychology, a new year university. she's been researching the impact of loneliness for much of her career. doctor way welcome in our modern world is more connected than ever. and yet more and more people suffer from isolation and loneliness. how do you explain this contradiction to? yeah, so, so basically what would you have? so everything i'm about to say comes from doing research with teenagers and young adults for the past 35 years. um i'm a developmental psychologist studying social emotional development. so i want to make it very clear that what i'm about to say is not my opinion,

but actually what my findings are, have been showing for over 3 decades as the root of our problem. and what young people teach us to mind mixed method method longitudinal research that i've been doing for over 3 decades, is that we live in a culture that's out of sync with our nature. and that's creating a crisis of connection, which is essentially loneliness. and what i mean by that is it's a culture that doesn't value the very things that young people say they want to need. and it's primarily if not exclusively close relationships, friendships, friendships and much. they can be emotionally intimates where there's a deep understanding. they feel seen and heard and listen to and they're starving for those relationships and we live in a culture. however, that doesn't value that, that, that things academic achievement and making a lot of money is more valuable than close intimate friendships or relationships. so we put the so called hard skills over the so called soft skills, and yet humans are naturally both hard and soft in terms of we have our hard skills

in our soft skills. we need our soft skills to make connections with each other. if we live in a culture that doesn't value those skills, it means we face a crisis, which is we raise our children to go against their nature. and then we wonder why we grow up to be so lonely. we're not using the, the, the natural capacity we have as humans to deeply connect with each other. and we're not even valuing that connection. how to get here when we stop listening to, to our, our urges our social needs. well. yeah, it's so fascinating to me. so basically it was apparently the big transition happened to me in the 1980s or at least to the united states. so we've seen the loss of friendship and the loss of connection within communities. and uh, go up particularly starting in the 1980s, late 19 seventy's. so essentially in the united states,

that's also when you started to see and coming to quality rise. you would reaganomics enter the culture. you started to see this very money oriented culture grow and shoot leaps and bounds at that very moment where we started to become more what i would call hard core capitalist. we started to see the disconnection start to increase in our communities. and then obviously, as everybody points out, starting in about $22004.00, when facebook comes into our conversations of social media exacerbated that. but we have to get over over saying that technology created this disconnection. it just exacerbated what was already happening because we cannot live in a culture that doesn't value our social emotional natural capacities and needs, or else we kill ourselves and we kill each other, which is what's happening right now. i mean, we're really in a crisis at this point and we're not seeing sort of what i call the hand in front of our face, which is a cultural problem. it's not an individual problem, it's not

a matter of just fix the lonely people. it's a matter of changing our culture so that we value both sides of our humanity, which is our heart and our soft sides. not just our, our so called hard sites. yeah. before we get to ways of possibly hopefully fixing this. i want to talk about your, your a specific field of study because you have centered your work on, on men and boys. but less than boys as i understand how to stereotype of what constitutes masculinity effect, social bonds and the last arrows. oh, that's yeah. i mean, that's all part of when i say of hard skills, i mean mask, you'll see a so what stereotypic bass going because of course, when you talk to boys in man, i've been talking interviewing boys in man since 1987 a long time. and by the way around the world. busy my uh, my family, my ex husband and my kids are all from berlin, so i know the world including your world and,

and basically men and boys are naturally just like girls and women and non gender conforming people. they, they have their soft sides and their hard sides and, but we only value the masculine side and we demean and mock the so called feminine side, which is an, you know, we take these sites and we give them a gender identity, a hard side, our desire for our autonomy and our desire connection are actually not gendered. there schuman um and the fact that we've gendered them is what's caused the problem . so yes, norms of masculinity are a huge problem in because norms of masculinity in it you know, in implicitly and explicitly value everything that we call so called hard. and the mean every thing that we call so called soft um and we don't want to be soft. we want to be hard. so, but i want to point out to your listeners that masculinity doesn't just affect boys and man, it affects everybody because it's the rule of the day. so girls and women are now

starting to feel more and more pressure to man up. you get that across the world. we do studies in china, girls are now more likely to identify with needing to mann out than boys at this point because they see that if you so called man up, you get access to more power. so they, you know, girls and women are smart, they figured it out that if you actually deny half of your humanity, you end up getting more opportunity often times. so the point is that it absolutely is rooted in masculinity and i just to again to give to your viewers, listeners, this is not sort of some perspective as i'm starting. this is really coming from directly the words of young men from around the world for over 3 decades, and i normally keep on repeating that. but i just want to say young people have been telling us this for a long time. yeah. and so it's not, it's not a recent thing. no, it isn't an ottoman just not as take talk. but let's, let's look at how to, how to fix this. because if it's in our culture, it'll take

a huge effort to reverse this trend longer. we initially talked about technologies aimed at helping people overcome loneliness and isolation. but can i ever be as good as the real thing or is this just a symptomatic treatment of a, of a much larger problem? so yeah, no, i'm actually going to have a much more hopeful response and you, i think you expected. um, so basically it's the way we use technology. it's not technology. so if we use technology where we all we have is likes and all you're looking for is how many likes you get that creates a me, a me, media, not a social media so that it's about getting millions of lives versus actually connecting to other people. if you made to talk a more relationally base, so that was more about people connecting to each other, influences connecting with their moms, their friends, etc. on took talk and modeling. how to connect. usually tional skills on take talk . you could totally transform the world of, of technology a, i also want to add a,

i has a capacity actually to help human human connection of by actually nurturing the sort of fundamental relational skills we need, like jury, ah, city, interpersonal curiosity about each other. that's at the root of all good connection of the reason why a i will never work in the way they're using a i right now, is that it doesn't entail the natural curiosity that a i does not have. so it's the idea or curiosity is that the root of how do we connect to each other? who are you? what, what can i learn from you about how to live a life, all those kinds of things, that schuman is, have naturally 5 year olds have and wild capacity. um, and yet we don't nurture that interpersonal curiosity. so in technology actually put in house or human skills, but we've decided to use it in a way that just enhances our self obsession. and our need to get affirmation rather than to build the connection. so much more to talk about this is fascinating stuff,

but we'll have to leave it there. dr. now we way available to you. great. speaking to you tonight. thank you so much. okay, thank you so much for the call. okay, take care. i the finally a hair raising moment on a flight in south korea. when a passenger opened the emergency exit mid air, a man opened the door as the as the on an airline plain. carrying nearly 200 passengers was preparing to land. some passengers were taken to hospital with breathing difficulties. police have detained a man for questioning over the incident. and that 3rd time, but make sure to stay informed, stay engaged and stay in time. so you can fall our team on twitter at the the way news on myself at nicole underscore for least for now though, from the entire team here on the day. thank you so much for spending part of your day with us by the

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