global media forum. are you ready to get all the places in europe are smashing all the records venture just don't lose regret the treasure map for modern globetrotters. good for some of the rich wykard breaking the tube. and now also in book form the, we have all the technology we need for the energy revolution. moving away from fossil fuels is possible because use a lot food at pods. electricity grids such as those in india are outdated. and what risks do we face if nuclear power has a renaissance on the way to time?

it's new to the hello and welcome to tamara today the science program on dw the media. how it was only a question of time focused. see my 2011 and a quick answer nami triggered the meltdown and new k. a catastrophe under pens coast that released large amounts of radioactive material. the spot gemini is moved away from it totemic energy. last in many countries, it's becoming more popular again. like in the us, for instance, the did states wants to speed up its transition to clean energy installation

reduction i passed by congress is supposed to be a big step in that direction. the department of energy is overseeing the process with a renewed focus on windham, solar power and nuclear energy. that by new ministration is very clear that nuclear is going to be a key part of our climate crisis mitigations. as we look toward a higher penetration of renewable deployments like wind and solar, that variable power needs to be backed up by something that supports a grid that, you know doesn't necessarily follow how the weather moves and nuclear power is an excellent choice for that base load power and in the united states, of course, we've been doing it for many decades are confident and the technology transfer and huff costs are self done research into new types of react to she and the energy department generally favor smaller power stations. these reactors have a capacity of just 300 megawatts, as opposed to

a 1500 megawatts power plant. advanced reactors in the united states have a lot of promise. you know, we'd really like to get to a place where we're building nuclear reactors, more like airplanes than airports. we have a history of going over budget and over schedule on mega projects, but smaller, more modular designs, that leverage there's kind of more assembly approach to construction, should improve the economics, improve the timelines and improve the predictability of nuclear reactor builds, which will have an impact on the bottom line, affordability matters in power. but how safe are the new small modular reactors here in germany? because the institute of technology has spent many years researching the safety of nuclear power plants. the aim is to prevent serious accidents from like the 2011 disaster and fukushima japan. the scientists press here a few road. they want to do

a meltdown test in japan. hydrogen escaped when the reactors fit in cloud chips over heated hydrogen builds up in the reactors pressure vessels, eventually causing an explosion. the scientists and cows were testing various materials that could be used for the cloud troops to see how they respond to overheating. the fuel roads are placed in a furnace and exposed to temperatures of more than 2000 degrees celsius. even though germany itself has faced the nuclear power, thomas felt thomas research is getting a lot of attention from experts around the world. the s m l small, much in our records. the generation of s m, ours are small and modular reactors that will come in the next 10 years or light water reactors of those 14. and that's why it's important to me. i think the focus, she might react to was also when like, want to react to cold. so basically the same problems could arise again,

she's unknown. that's why there's so much interest in using these near cloud chip materials and s m hours. these are by so these studies are very, very important, and all of these are the homes where they reached the smaller size of the new generation of reactors offers an advantage when it comes to safety. tom's research shows that the smaller amount of uranium in the react to is easier to control passive cooling systems or an option, for example, to ensure cooling, even in the event of a power failure. really like how much god has for anything less nuclear material means that to me, event of a meltdown for the flow of heat would be significantly the smaller. so we have sacked and that if we could flood it from the upside, is we'd be able to hold the melt inside the react to pressure vessel so that the radionuclides are not released into the environment targets will the international atomic energy agency and vienna austria sees the next generation of small the reactors as the future director general rafael grosse says this growing interest in

eastern europe and both s m r's, unconventional larger scale like water reactors. he says, rushes water in ukraine and it's going to talk to him. the energy markets have boosted that trend. many countries have a re evaluated the fact or, or re, a pre appraised the fact that nuclear energy gets you a new nor most if not complete autonomy over your own energy generation and electricity production hands. and it is not by chance, you will see the enormous interest in eastern europe in particular. and with the hanging very increasing, we'd check. yeah. increasing. we'd slow back. yeah, we grow a shot with romania and even poland, which was the only eastern european country that does not have to for a have any nuclear power plant. now now they are very aggressively moving into this

area. while germany has closed all of its nuclear power plants, the trend and large parts of unit is moving in the opposite direction. reactors are being built on all sides. the just 0 is in the hot spot for nuclear reactors. most building projects up out elsewhere in the world, especially in asia, the china is planning for she saw the reactors which should go online in the next 15 years. russia times 25 is also far ahead of the us with 12 new reactors. india has been bought and vicious infrastructure programs and also wants to play a leading role in the expansion of renewable energy use. it's nothing short of gigantic spending. 60 square kilometers the equivalent of

$8400.00 soccer pitches this. so the park in india is the largest in the world. it's 6000000 solar panels producing twice as much energy as the average nuclear power plant. well, put a new site design deal of the sunshine. so you're all the time you get the whole world, but your solar energy, it's infinite. production costs are low and the plants and maintenance costs are too low to mid call your best. if in fact, many experts say that solar energy is now cheaper to produce an energy from coal, india's known reliance on the fossil fuel is one of the reasons that became the said, biggest c o 2 emitter in the wealth that's now set to change. at present, we ought at 40 percent in everything from law enforcement. santana is. and so if the target is consumed by 2030 india would require our own $800.00 gigawatts of

electricity installed capacity. so i think 50 percent and that is 50 percent install capacity is quite, that's either just 50 kilometers away from the side of the box from a rama. christian additionally is less you for it is harvest is failing due to constant electricity causes that disruptive irrigation system. and regularly break his voice, a pump sewage associated with the search product we live really close to the largest solar park in the world government. this is the result. we don't get anything out of it. you. somebody's over the audio looked outside. i mean, this is why india is critical infrastructure that is a public electricity. great is in a poor condition. it hardly matters how much electrical power is produced because it's not reaching the people who need it for the uninterrupted boss applies concern . so india's and this policy is gonna be spacing, a huge challenges in terms of fairly frequent fall guards. and it's because of the

oil transmission and distribution systems. we have ordered of, we have a liquid, old distribution infrastructure for that. we need to overall d, r, and distribution networks for the distribution transformer, need to be changed in suburb of mental radios, particularly in new york city is also affected by the problem. even the capital daddy power outages of frequent air in the heat of the summer. when air conditioners are running at full blast, the electricity grid collapse is on a regular basis. and as we always try to fix the disruptions as quickly as possible, how to use what we can because but unfortunately it's not so easy to be like many of our colleagues have been injured or even died at work before we started work in the morning. we pray to god that everything will go well sometimes they like trish in is forced to turn the power supply off, which is much less popular than guessing electricity flowing again. the you don't

pay your bill once and they get to aggressive, and cutoff, you really trust it to you, but that's not right. so if we pay our bills in, sooner or later in the summer, those you can't pay take the risky stance of stealing electricity directly from the grid to them. whether the electricity is solar generated or otherwise. is it relevant? many people world wide dream of independence from the public electricity grant. my house, my set of petals, my electricity's, my heating, it's technically possible even in jem and able to do some of these show us how it to what whatever that whole for has made a home improvement. but many can only dream of. ready his solar power system means

he generates his when electricity and heating. ready he made the change in the summer, ready for the long winter ahead. nothing minutes of the item furnished on this are morning. water heating a domain colored old runaway, which was to take take our self sufficiency rating loss, which measures are told that maintenance is 98 percent system. that means we're independent of electricity grid. i strong. we'll find out whether that will still be the case through the winter net to same a to sigma. then how's? over the long days of summer solar cells create an energy surplus. ready ready ready it's been used to charge a battery that supply. ready energy at night. ready as well as putting a heat. ready pump. ready so forth motivating the home improvement. ready ready ready ready ready ready ready aggregates type, any kinda reason i to sustainability, reliability of supply and control of running costs, especially when i retire and i'd like those to be negligible. his son certainly never sends

a bill the solar sales and the so it's facing part of the roof. our best place to catch it, pulfer regularly checks his tablet to see if the system's working properly. it shows him how much energy is being produced and consumed pets. i got the fuel coming up inflator producing 4.5 kilowatts of solar power, right? know from, from, from the time consuming 500 watts. that means there's a bunch of clean or rolling or something in the short time. batteries, 85 percent charge different up to 30 percent since early this morning. the hoping that i am. ready ready ready with this amount of backup generated in the morning alone and the food battery after only 5 over sun. ready should be able to see up the summer selves efficiently. ready but how do you store the energy of one summer's day for a long period. ready ready how does this heating system splits? walter into hydrogen and oxygen. hydrogen holds the energy and is stored in the gas tanks. excites well secured for the winter. ready lindsey tuffy gas done and did you also see on that beautiful day yesterday?

hydrogen was produced the whole time, and that's the blue block from the wondering if we conduct this from 9 am to 7 pm. so a hydrogen time is like 2 thirds fill. 63 percent, i think it took 5 weeks and 4 very, very quickly. if needed a fuel cell can change the hydrogen back into electricity and heat, but so far is fast becoming an energy aspect. that takes got a few weeks ago. i actually look much more at the consumption peaks and, and i'd like to know what causes the stuff interesting very quickly develop a feel for what and seems more electricity is a little less than me. and it's a shame that every household doesn't pass similar monitor. so and then everyone would see what uses more energy and what less everyone would benefit from this educational effect on these ad seals. and if i came into and even it's about not certain sensible. but what did they expect to say about generating hydrogen using solar power? friedrich sick is an expert and sustainable construction and teaching at berlin's university of applied sciences. he says the energy set up in an area that whole for

folks is exemplary. change of those feel and is equal to is uh huh. i see it as a very good thing is, is that the system has been developed and made marketable. that allows surplus solar energy from the summer to be converted into hydrogen bundles and use in winter and helping to create electricity. and then do the pool on development. i'm, it's hydrogen is an ideal means to store energy with a loss by itself. so for this try, teaching with hydrogen saves up to 2 thirds of the emissions in comparison to gas. but the technology is not the most produced and therefore expensive. the system costs just over 80000 bureaus. that's not counting the solar panels which are mass produced. and currently provide the cheapest energy around their use in the sustainable production of hydrogen is seen as the future for the whole thing needs

sufficient space and good planning as the firm. and finally shows you how the new board installation so that we don't need so much heat in the winter. we're taking that's one thing. the other is that we have installed solar panels on the house on balance besides on the fi socket for the attack. and the men to install it . but how do you get through the long said winter? hardly any sun lights are good in solution and a lot of solar panels enough. isn't that certainly try one doesn't get really fully self sufficient for 365 days a year. that means we generate molar road suite and electricity. it's a great story for everyone who lives here and i was born in italy cuz she still. ready what role will solar hydrogen technology play in the future? and districts on how you get more systems are produced? and when prices will drop localism controls and see, i haven't even higher hopes or large systems is like large fuel cells. was it large electrolyzer as large hydrogen storage tanks be done by which can then,

for example, be used in carbon areas, even some ions to supply, not just the single buildings to get both the whole area. it's simply a matter of scale. the bigger the cheapest, carland football info includes all the supplies we have solar power installation and hydrogen production. perhaps the recipe for a heating revolution at home using renewable energy to produce green hydrogen to heat your apartments. why shouldn't that work for hold of kaufman blocks to, especially since hydrogen can be stored and transported in either gas or licks it for the infrastructure is already there and is being expanded. hydrogen can be transported in pipelines normally useful natural gas. there are already a number of pilot projects in germany. projects of the future is in the making it this wind farm and gemini. the plan is to use up this wind energy to produce green

hydrogen to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. in the cost of turbines produced excess energy, they have to be turned sideways so they wouldn't generate any know the school miles think across from wind power currently always needs to be drawn at the same time and all the energy is generated. we've now found a way to store wind power using hydrogen, so stuff. this is how it works. electricity from wind turbines drying, some extra lines as nearby. they split to share into oxygen and combustible hydrogen in a process called electronics. it's hydrogen to be available at all times. it needs a storage facility. the one here is on the ground and can hold 40000000 cubic meters of hydrogen across an area of roughly 6 heck does strands water. so support the most pipe which is fixed then directly into the car and an overnight

go down a dentist band to them as well. ahead and the longest political sternness, those meters hydrogen will soon be pumped through this pipe into poor us rock design. the to does she? i tough law. this is a natural gas deposit. did your the gas accumulated here many millions of years ago . then it was extracted when it was exhausted and the deposit was converted into a natural gas storage facility. the gas was injected in the summer and extracted in the winter when you know, we want to store hydrogen here in the future. this little that can happen. the pipes and the storage facility need to be assessed for that hydrogen suitability. come with a lot of stuff. what is it possible to transport? hydrogen doesn't words and not more dish on this. and then we'll have to see other button tv. i don't know what that might some hope process, the hydrogen is that, is there water? this interferes with that? so the geologists say it works you a little bit entering. i'm shocked to tennessee or you know, because this is the 1st project in germany 5 to store hydrogen and told us rock

it's endorsements as to where the hydrogen will then be transported, climate neutralise, and 42 kilometers to a combined heat and power plant. and alford, using existing pipelines that a current, a transporting natural gas as hydrogen molecules and much smaller than natural gas . these pipes would also be closely inspected. some reasonable offers active is very nice. you have to go through the types of books and look at the history of the 5 and then the on that as a structural pressure assessment. and then the entire point ask you this is done, or the inspection gave as was to carry out these tests as well. gas is flowing. the device has to post through and, and it's a considerable and that's the reason for the vantage because it means we don't have to take anything out of that. can check the pipeline. what it's doing in the ground quickly is the an optimal a few weeks later with that to see an inspection. the 3 me to gauge is also called

a pay cost. great. that because of its mobile joints that can inspect the pipeline from the inside. in order not to damage its delicate technology is pushed into the ad oak using a transport cheese, which has been removed off towards the end of his clothes and filled with gas with the speed of to me just a 2nd to the gauge. now sauce, it's jenny with the flow of gas in a similar way to a pneumatic cheat, these intake to and couldn't be with this inspection, we can determine if there are existing anomalies in the fight. and i'm so that means if i tell you this slightly damaged from environmental impact in the past, we cannot take that and then replace the relevant parts and knock them all 6. the inspection is carried out in several steps and with various gauges, fast cleaning gauge passes through the ad, ok, and then these deposits in the pipe then the geometry gauge

checks the height to possible dense to find the gauges renee via magnetic fields. any anomalies like ross damage and any material weakness they may have coolest weak spot for them replaced we follow the coolest if the gas pipeline again, it leads to the next on the stand will power station. existing infrastructure can be used here to handle this corner maybe needs a few nozzles exchange. that would mean that the tire burner has to be replaced with comedies. and basically this 3rd street boy looked like the game plan. all the combustion chamber stays the same function that can stay the same and it doesn't stream systems for the district. extraction can be kept as they are guys. is that means that technically speaking, not much for us to be changed for the hydrogen technology. service heating with

hydrogen, sustainable going forward. we asked an independent text, but lots of stuff is for me or me. hydrogen is actually but actually media room for our sustainable energy revolution. since i learned that we can make hydrogen ourselves, but also understood that it's really impossible for us to create an energy system based on the 100 percent renewable energy at the next 2 and a half foot hydrogen powers, district teaching the 10s of thousands of apartments set to the kind of reality by 2025. let us read. why are the do you have a science related question? then send it to us by video, text or voice message. if we feature your question and i'll show, we'll send you a little surprised as the time to come on just on

this week. it garcia from chilly wants to know the do the moon and sun always rise in the east and at different times. anyone who follows for a few days will realize it appears at a different point in the sky almost every night. and it's a different type. each day of the month, it appears that right 60 minutes later. but it always rises in the east, disappears in the west. that's because the moon on the move differently the, the moon orbits the air civic 29 days. while the actual takes once in 24 hours. that means that the moon's possession in the sky moves daily added to that is its tilted orbit. that's why we see it,

but different positions in the sky. and it's more but isn't the circular but elliptical the that means the distance from noon to f changes depending on where the moon is on its journey. on top of that mesa noon, and also part of the sudden the movements mean, but the moon appears differently in the sky every night. and that it sweeties as to what were done, sing the and sometimes even appears in the middle of the day because the spins eastwards on its axis. the sun like the moon, always rises in the east for the time of the sunrise. totally changes from day to

day by one to 3 minutes in contrast to the restless moon the . that was this week's episode of tomorrow today dw science programs. whether you've been working on your phone or tablet or tv, we have enjoyed the show. see you next time steak areas by the

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nothing less the south. all these things and more and the new season of the pop. com. make sure to tune in wherever you get your pot costs and join the conversation . because you know, it's last matter a one small step for a robot vacuum. one giant leap for exploiting the ocean floor. cutting edge technology is unlocking the potential of deep sea mining. but this time, a research team will study the possible risks 1st, the motor to minimize them the we have an opportunity to get to it right before we start environmental activists or skeptical is this true nature conservation for only green washing. after all,

there are billions to be made. our chief documentary, deep sea greed starts june 8th on d, w. the . this is the, the, the news coming to line from berlin. russia says it's beaten back and major offensive by ukraine. moscow release is footage. it says shows russian forces repelling over the ukrainian attack and the done yet screeching kia has not commented on the claim. meanwhile, pro ukrainian brushing fighters step up there operate.