in the house. i'm tired of 34 years. i was a metal. i didn't know what has the best. now i know the never ending story of asbestos starts june 21st on d w. the. we have all the technology we need for the energy revolution. moving away from fossil fuels is possible but what use a lot food at pods? electricity grids such as those in india are outdated. and what risks do we face if nuclear power has a renaissance on the way to time is new to the

hello and welcome to tomorrow. today, this science program on dw the media. how it was a new question of time. focused, fema, 2011. and a quick answer nami triggered the meltdown new catastrophe on japan's coast. that released large amounts of radioactive material. the spot gemini, has moved away from a totemic energy device in many countries. it's becoming more popular again, like in the us for instance, the,

the united states wants to speed up its transition to clean energy installation reduction i passed by congress is supposed to be a big step in that direction. the department of energy is overseeing the process with a renewed focus on windham, solar power and nuclear energy. that by the ministration is very clear that nuclear is going to be a key part of our climate crisis mitigations. as we look toward a higher penetration of renewable deployments like wind and solar, that variable power needs to be backed up by something that supports a grid that, you know doesn't necessarily follow how the weather moves and nuclear power is an excellent choice for that base load power and in the united states, of course, we've been doing it for many decades. so confident in the technology transfer and how so self done research into new types of react to she and the energy department generally favor smaller power stations. these reactors have a capacity of just $300.00 megawatts, as opposed to

a 1500 megawatt hour plan. to advanced reactors in the united states have a lot of promise. you know, we'd really like to get to a place where we're building nuclear reactors, more like airplanes than airports. we have a history of going over budget and over schedule on mega projects, but smaller, more modular designs that leverage this kind of more assembly approach to construction should improve the economics, improve the timelines and improve the predictability of nuclear reactor builds, which will have an impact on the bottom line, affordability matters in power. but how safe are the new small modular reactors here in germany? because the institute of technology, a spent many years researching the safety of nuclear power plants, the aim is to prevent serious accidents like the 2011 disaster and fukushima japan . the scientists press payer of to rhodes. they want to do

a meltdown test in japan. hydrogen escaped when the reactors fit in cloud chips over heated hydrogen built up in the reactors pressure vessels, eventually causing an explosion. the scientists and cows were testing various materials that could be used for the cloud troops to see how they respond to overheating. the fuel roads are placed in a furnace and exposed to temperatures of more than 2000 degrees celsius. even though germany itself has faced the nuclear power to misspelt, thomas research is getting a lot of attention from experts around the world. the s m l small mostly in our records. the generation of s m. ours are small modular reactors that will come in the next 10 years or light water reactors of those 14. and that's why it's important to i think the focus, she may react to was also like want to react to account. so basically the same

problems could arise again, sees, and that's why there's so much interest when using these new cloud chip materials and s m hours. ok, so by so these studies are very, very important. and all these, the homes they have ever since. the smaller size of the new generation of reactors offers an advantage when it comes to safety. tom's research shows that the smaller amount of uranium in the react to is easier to control. passive cooling systems are an option, for example, to ensure cooling, even in the event of a power failure. meaning account of god has for ivan, thing less nuclear material means that to me, event of a meltdown for the flow of heat would be significantly smaller. so we have certain that if we could flood it from the upside, because if we'd be able to hold the melt inside the react to pressure vessel or so that the radionuclides are not released into the environment to exit. so the international atomic energy agency in vienna austria sees the next generation of smaller reactors as the future,

a director general russell gross. it says there's growing interest in eastern europe and both s m r's, unconventional larger scale light water reactors. he says rushes water in ukraine and it's going putnam, the energy markets have boosted that trend. many countries have a re evaluated the fact or, or re, a re appraised the fact that nuclear energy gets you a new nor most if not complete autonomy over your own energy generation and electricity production hands. and it is not by chance. you will see the enormous interesting eastern europe in particular and with the, having very increasing, we'd check. yeah. increasing. we'd slow back. yeah, we grow a shot with romania and even poland, which was the only eastern european country that does not have to for have any nuclear power plant. now now they are very aggressively moving into this area.

while germany has closed all of its nuclear power plants, the trend and large parts of unit is moving in the opposite direction. reactors are being built on all sides and yes, 0 is the hot spot for nuclear reactors. most building projects up out elsewhere in the world, especially in asia, the china is planning for she saw the reactors which should go online in the next 15 years. rush said sans twenty's falling isn't so far ahead of the us with 12 new reactors. india has been bought and vicious infrastructure programs and also wants to play a leading role in the expansion of renewable energy use. it's nothing's source of gigantic spinning,

60 square kilometers. the equivalent of 8400 soccer pitches this. so the park in india is the largest in the world. it's 6000000 solar panels producing twice as much energy as the average nuclear power plant. well, put a new site design deal the sunshine. so you're all the time you get the whole world, but the solar energy, it's infinite, production costs are low and the plants and maintenance costs are too low to let me submit that. got your message. in fact, many experts say that solar energy is now cheaper to produce than energy from co. india is known reliance on the fossil fuel is one of the reasons it became the said biggest c o 2 emissions in the wealth that's now set to change. at present, we ought at 40 percent in anything from law enforcement santana is. and so if the target is consumed by 2030 india would require around $800.00 gigawatts of

electricity install capacity. so i think 50 percent and that is 50 percent install capacity is quite a, to the just 50 kilometers away from the side of the pop pharma, rama christian additionally is less euphoric. his harvest is failing due to constant electricity causes that disrupt his irrigation system. and regularly break his voice, a pump sewage associated with lots of search products we live really close to the largest solar park in the world. kevin, this is the result. we don't get anything over to you so much over the audio though, linked outside. i mean, this is why india is critical. infrastructure is a public electricity grade is in a poor condition, it hardly matches how much electrical power is produced, because it's not reaching the people who need it for the unacceptable. it's a place concern. so india's and this policy is gonna be spacing huge challenges in

terms of a frequent fall guides. and it's because of the only transmission and distribution systems we have ordered of. we have a leaky, a ordered from the distribution infrastructure for that to be need to overhaul the r and the distribution networks for the distribution transformer, need to be changed in sub and then to the lady is particularly in the cities also affected by the problem. even the capital daddy power outages of frequent air in the heat of the summer when air conditioners are running at full blast, the electricity grid collapses on a regular basis. and as we always try to fix the disruptions as quickly as possible, we can because but unfortunately it's not so easy to be like many of our colleagues have be injured or even died at work before we start work in the morning. we pray to god that everything will go well sometimes and that trish in is forced to turn the power supply off, which is much less popular than guessing electricity flowing again. the you don't

pay your bill once and they get to aggressive and cut off you. they're like tricity that's, that's not right. so if we pay our bills in, sooner or later in the summer, those you can't pay take the risky stance of stealing electricity directly from the grid to them. whether the electricity is solar generated or otherwise. is it relevant? many people will live dream of independence from the public electricity grant. my house, my. so the panels minus the tricity, my heating, it's technically possible even in germany, but it's going to see some of these show us how it can wide net rebec whole for has made a home improvement but many can only dream of. ready is solar power system means he

generates his one electricity and he think he made the change in the summer. ready for the long winter ahead. nothing. it's about the item for new storm. that's our morning water heating a domain colored old runaway, which was the t. okay. our self sufficiency rating loss, which measures our toner maintenance, is 98 percent. that means we're independent of electricity grid i strong. we'll find out whether that will still be the case through the winter net to same uh to sigma. then hows. over the long days of summer solar sales creates an energy surplus. ready ready ready it's been used to charge a battery that supply. ready energy at night as well as putting a heat. ready ready support to motivating the home improvement. ready ready aggregates type of income to 3 reasons. sustainability, reliability of supply and control of running costs, especially when i retire. i'd like those to be negligible. his son certainly never

sends a bill. the solar sales and the search facing part of the roof are best place to catch it. full for regularly checks his tablet to see if the system's working properly. it shows him how much energy is being produced and consumed pets. i got a few come up and reducing $4.00 kilowatts of solar power, right? know from, from, from the time consuming $500.00 watts. that means there's a bunch of clean or rolling or something in the short time bottle these 85 percent charge different up to 30 percent since early this morning. ready ready with this amount of backup generated it in the morning alone and the food bought 3 after only 5 over sun. ready should be able to see up the summer self sufficiently. ready but how do you store the energy of one summer's day for a long period. ready ready how does he think system splits, walter and to hydrogen and oxygen. ready hydrogen, hold the energy and it's stored in the gas tank search site well secured for the winter. ready lindsey tuffy gas done and did you also see on that beautiful d,

after the hydrogen was produced, the whole time is what it is. that's the blue block. and so i from the wondering if we conduct this from 9 am to 7 pm process to a hydrogen time, just like to start spill 63 percent. i think it took 5 weeks and 4 very, very quickly. if needed, a fuel cell can change the hydrogen back into electricity, and heat buffer is fast becoming an energy aspect. that's actually got a few weeks ago. i actually look much more at the consumption peaks and, and i'd like to know what causes the stuff in taking very quickly, develop a feel for what seems more electricity is a little less than me. and it's a shame that every household doesn't pass similar monitor. so and then everyone would see what uses more energy and what less everyone would benefit from this educational effect on these as heroes. and if i came into and read and it's about not certain sensible. but what did the experts say about generating hydrogen? using solar power predicts sick as an expert and sustainable construction and teaching and berlin's university of applied sciences. he says the energy set up in

an area that whole 1st house is exemplary charge of those fuel and is equal to 0. huh. i see it as a very good thing is, is that the system has been developed and made marketable. that allows surplus solar energy from the summer to be converted into hydrogen bundled and used in winter and helped me to create electricity on and hate to the pool on development. i mean, hydrogen is an ideal means to store energy with a low energy spatial. so for this try, teaching with hydrogen saves up to 2 thirds of the emissions in comparison to gas. but the technology is not mass produced, and therefore an expensive system costs just over $80000.00 bureaus. that's not counting the solar panels which are mass produced. and currently provide the cheapest energy around their use in the sustainable production of hydrogen is seen as the future the for the whole thing needs and sufficient space and good planning

. as the current month finally shows the new more installation so that we don't need so much heat in the winter. we're taking that's one thing. the other is like we have installed solar panels on the house on both the sides. i defy, saw to for the what type elementary instead yet. but how do you get through the long said winter hardly any. some lights are good in solution and a lot of solar panels enough. isn't that certainly i wonder if it'd be really fully self sufficient for $365.00 days a year and that means we generate a molar ruined seat and electricity rates. it's a great story for everyone who lives here, how us one and the today cuz she's to. ready what role will solar hydrogen technology play in the future? and districts on how you get more systems of producing when prices will drop block was charles and see i have even higher hopes for larger systems. like large fuel cells was large electrolyzer, large hydrogen storage tanks be done by which can then, for example,

be used in carbon areas, even some ions to supply. not just the single buildings think about the whole area . it's simply a matter of scale. the bigger the cheapest, carland, fucked, the info, the occlusal, this device, we have solar power installation and hydrogen production. perhaps the recipe for a heating revolution at home. using renewable energy to produce green hydrogen to heat your apartment wash. and that with for whole apartment blocks too, especially since hydrogen can be stored and transported in either gas or liquid form, the infrastructure is already there and is being expanded. hydrogen can be transported in pipelines normally useful natural gas. there are already a number of pilot projects in germany. projects of the future is in the making it

this wind farm in gemini. the plan is to use up this wind energy to produce green hydrogen to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. in the cost of turbines produced excess energy, they have to be turned sideways so they wouldn't generate any know the storm all think across, all like tricity from wind power currently always needs to be drawn at the same time and all the energy is generated and we've now found a way to store wind power using hydrogen so, so this is how it works. electricity from wind turbine strikes and exercises nearby . they split torture into oxygen and combustible hydrogen in a process called electrolysis. the hydrogen to be available at all times. it needs a storage facility. the one here is on the ground and can hold 40000000 cubic meters of hydrogen across an area of roughly 6. hector's stands was there's a support. the most pipe which is fixed,

then directly into the ground and all the lights go down and then suspended them as well ahead and the longest payment was not enough. those meters hydrogen will soon be pumped through this pipe into poor us rock design. in the 2 days you are tough law, this is a natural gas deposit and your, the gas accumulated here many millions of years ago. then it was extracted when it was exhausted and the deposit was converted into a natural gas storage facility. so the gas was injected in the summer and extracted in the winter. we get something that we want to store hydrogen here in the future. this little that can happen, the pipes and the storage facility need to be assessed for that hydrogen suitability. come with a lot of stuff. what is it possible to transport hydrogen don't words and not more dish on this, and then we'll have to see other button tv other than they are. well, that might some high process, the hydrogen is that, is there water? this interferes with that. so the geologists say it works you a little bit entering, i'm shocked to tennessee or you know, because this is the 1st project in germany 5 to store hydrogen and told us rock,

it's endorsements as to where the hydrogen will then be transported, climate neutralise, and 42 kilometers to a combined heat and power plant and alford using existing pipelines that a current, a transporting natural gas as hydrogen molecules and much smaller than natural gas . these pipes would also be closely inspected. some reasonable, restrictive is very nice. you have to go through the types of books and look at the history of the volume, and then they own that as a structural pressure assessment. and then the entire applied that's gonna be done within inspection date as was to carry out these tests as well. gas is flowing, the device has to post through and, and it's a considerable and that's the reason for the vantage because it means we don't have to take anything out of that. can check the pipeline. what it stood in the ground quickly is the an optimal a few weeks later with that to see an inspection. the 3 me to gauge is also called

a paco scraped that because of its mobile joints that can inspect the pipeline from the inside. in order not to damage it, static it, technology is pushed into the ad oak using a transport cheese, which has been removed off towards the end of his clothes and filled with gas with the speed of to me just a 2nd to the gauge now stops. it's jenny with the flow of gas in a similar way to a pneumatic cheat that these insect fuel and couldn't be with this inspection, we can determine if there are existing anomalies in the fighting. but i'm so that means if the type is slightly damaged from environmental impacts in the past, we cannot take values and then replace the relevant part and knock them all 6. the inspection is carried out in several steps and with various gauges, fast cleaning gauge passes through the ad, ok,

and when these deposits in the pipe then a geometry gauge checks the heights of possible dense to further gauges renee, via magnetic fields. any anomalies like rust damage and any material weakness they may have coolest weak spots. so that replaced the we slowly the coolest of the gas pipeline. again, it needs to the next stop, the fan will power station existing infrastructure. it can be used here to handle this corner, maybe needs a few nozzles external just it could be that the tire burner has to be replaced with comedies. and basically this doesn't stream by looking at the game. play all the combustion chamber stays the same function that can stay the same. and the 3rd stream systems for the district extraction can be 10 to the are the items that means that technically speaking, not much has to be changed for the hydrogen technology. service heating with

hydrogen's sustainable going forward, we asked an independent tax, but lots of stuff is for miss or me. hydrogen is actually because the media room for our sustainable energy revolutions. and since i learned that we can make hydrogen ourselves, i've also understood that it's really impossible for us to create an energy system based on 100 percent renewable energy within the next 2 and a half foot hydrogen powers, district teaching the 10s of thousands of apartments is set to become a reality by 2025. let us read. why do you have a science related questions? then send it to us by video, text or voice message. if we feature your question and i'll show you a little surprised, was assigned to come on just on this

week. garcia from chilly wants to know the do the moon and sun always rise in the east? and at different times. anyone who follows for a few days will realize it's appears at a different point in the sky almost every night. and that's a diff, its height. each day of the month, it appears around 50 minutes later. but it always rises in the east and disappears in the west. that's because the moon and the f move differently the the moon orbits the air slippery 29 days. while the actual tapes once in 24 hours, that means that the moon's possession in the sky moves daily added to that is its tilted orbit. that's why we see it,

but different positions in the sky. and it's more, but it's a circular elliptical the that means the distance from noon to f changes depending on where the minutes on its journey. the on top of that mr. newton and also all the sudden the movements mean. but the moon appears differently in the sky. every night and that's it, sweeties as to what we're done seeing the and sometimes it even appears in the middle of the day because the air spins eastwards on its axis. the sun, like the moon, always rises in the east to the time of the sunrise. literally changes from day to

day by one to 3 minutes in contrast to the restless moon, the . that was this week's episode of tomorrow. today dw sized program. whether you've been watching on your phone or tablet or tv, we have to enjoy this show. see you next time, stay curious by the the

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