the hey guys, it's evelyn charmaya. welcome to my pod cast. matters that i invite celebrities influence to attend experts to talk about all plain loves, thanks and data. and yet today, nothing less the south. all these things in more, in the new season of the pop. com, make sure to tune in wherever you get your costs, enjoying the conversation because you know, it's last matter the we have all the technology we need for the energy revolution. moving away from fossil fuels is possible but what use a lot food at pods. it can nic tricity grids such as those in india are outdated and what risks do we face if nuclear power has

a renaissance on the way to time it's new to the hello and welcome to tamara. today the science program on dw the how it was only a question of time. focused, fema, 2011. and a quick answer nami triggered the meltdown and yuki, a catastrophe under pens coast that released large amounts of radioactive material . the spot gemini, is moved away from it totemic energy device in many countries. it's becoming more popular again, like in the us for instance, the in the united states wants to speed

up its transition to clean energy installation reduction i passed by congress is supposed to be a big step in that direction. the department of energy is overseeing the process with a renewed focus on windham, solar power and nuclear energy. that button and ministration is very clear that nuclear is going to be a key part of our climate crisis mitigations. as we look toward a higher penetration of renewable deployments like wind and solar, that variable power needs to be backed up by something that supports a grid that, you know doesn't necessarily follow how the weather moves and nuclear power is an excellent choice for that base load power and in the united states, of course, we've been doing it for many decades are confident and the technology transfer and a half the costs are self done research into new types of react to she and the energy department generally favor smaller power stations. these reactors have

a capacity of just $300.00 megawatts, as opposed to a 1500 megawatt hour plan. to advanced reactors in the united states have a lot of promise. you know, we'd really like to get to a place where we're building nuclear reactors, more like airplanes than airports. we have a history of going over budget and over schedule on mega projects, but smaller, more modular designs that leverage this kind of more assembly approach to construction should improve the economics, improve the timelines and improve the predictability of nuclear reactor builds, which will have an impact on the bottom line, affordability matters in power. but how safe are the new small modular reactors here in germany? because the institute of technology spent many years researching the safety of nuclear power plants. the aim is to prevent serious accidents like the 2011 disaster and focus cima, japan, scientists press or the few roads. they want to do

a meltdown test in japan. hydrogen escaped when the reactors fit in cloud chips over heated hydrogen built up in the reactors pressure vessels, eventually causing an explosion. the scientists and cows were testing various materials that could be used for the cloud tubes to see how they respond to overheating. the fuel roads are placed in a furnace and expose to temperatures of more than 2000 degrees celsius. even though germany itself has phased the nuclear power to must spelt a thomas research is getting a lot of attention from experts around the world. the s m l small multi directors can have a generation of s and large or small modular reactors that will come in the next 10 years, or light water reactors of those 14. and that's why it's important to, i think the success schuman reactor was also like, wants to react to account. so basically, the same problems can arise again,

sees. and that's why there's so much interest when using these new cloud chip materials in s, m r's. these are by so these studies are very, very important, and all of these are the homes where they reached the smaller size of the new generation of reactors offers an advantage when it comes to safety. tom's research shows that the smaller amount of uranium and the react to is easier to control. passive cooling systems are an option, for example, to ensure cooling, even in the event of a power failure. meaning account method has for, i'm in thing less nuclear material means that to me, event of a meltdown for the flow of heat would be significantly smaller. and so we have certain that if we could flood it from the upside, is that we'd be able to hold the melt inside the react to pressure vessel so that the radio new clients are not released into the environment to exit. so the international atomic energy agency in vienna, austria sees the next generation of smaller reactors as the future or director

general russell grossi says there's growing interest in eastern europe and both s m r's, unconventional larger scale, like walter reactors. he says rushes forward in ukraine and it's an impact on the energy markets have boosted that trend. many countries have a re evaluated the fact or, or re, a re appraised the fact that nuclear energy gets you a new nor most if not complete autonomy over your own energy generation and electricity production hens. and it is not by chance. you will see the enormous interesting eastern europe in particular and with the hadn't very increasing. we check yeah. increasing which is a little backyard. we've been grow a shot with romania and even poland, which was the only eastern european country that does not have the full have any nuclear power plant. now now they are very aggressively moving into this area.

while germany has closed all of its nuclear power plants, the trend and large parts of unit is moving in the opposite direction. the reactors are being built on both sides and yes, europe is in the hot spot for nuclear reactors. most building products up out elsewhere in the world, especially in asia, the china is planning for to solve the reactors which should go online in the next 15 years. russia times twenty's following is also far ahead of the us with 12 new reactors. india has involved and vicious infrastructure programs and also wants to play a leading role in the expansion of renewable energy use. it's nothing short of gigantic spinning,

60 square kilometers the equivalent of $8400.00 socket pitches this. so the park in india is the largest in the world. it's 6000000 solar panels producing twice as much energy as the average nuclear power plant. or put a new site design deal of the sunshine. so you're all the time you get the whole world people, the solar energy, it's infinite, production costs are low and the plants and maintenance costs are too low to mid chiropractic. in fact, many experts say that solar energy is now cheaper to produce than energy from coal . india is known reliance on the fossil fuel is one of the reasons that became the fed biggest c o 2 emissions in the wealth that's now set to change. at present, we ought at 40 percent in anything from law enforcement antenna is. and so if the target is consumed by 2030 india would require around $800.00 gigawatts of

electricity installed capacity. so i think 50 percent and that is 50 percent install capacity is quite a to the just 50 kilometers away from the side of the pop pharma, rama christian additionally is less euphoric. his harvest is failing due to constant electricity causes that disrupt is engaged in system and regularly break his water pump. slick associated with lots of search product we live really close to the largest solar park in the world. 7. this is the result and we don't get anything out to you so much over the years or make the hard. i mean, this is why india is critical. infrastructure is a public electricity grade is in a poor condition. it hardly matches how much electrical power is produced, because it's not reaching the people who need it for the on interrupted boss a place concern. so india's and this policy is gonna be facing challenges and comes

off with a frequent ball guards. and it's because of the oil transmission and distribution systems, we have a void of you have a leaky, a ordered from the distribution infrastructure for that. we need to overhaul the r and the distribution networks for the distribution transformer, need to be changed in sub. and then to the lady is particularly india cities also affected by the problem. even the capital daddy power outages are frequent here in the he did this on the gwinnett condition is a running it full blast, the electricity grid collapse is on a regular basis. and as we always try to fix the disruptions as quickly as possible, how to use what we can because but unfortunately it's not so easy to be like many of our colleagues that be injured or even died at work before we start work in the morning. we pray to god that everything will go well. sometimes, annexation is forced to turn the power supply off, which is much less popular than guessing electricity flowing again. the,

you don't pay your bill once and they get to aggressive cutoff, you've electricity that's, that's not right. we pay our bills in, sooner or later in the summer. those you can't pay take the risky status of stealing electricity directly from the grid to them whether the electricity is suited, generated or otherwise is irrelevant. the many people will live dream of independence from the public electricity grant. my house, my so the panels minus tricity, my heating, it's technically possible even in germany, but it's only when to do some of these show us how it can, what not read. that whole for has made a home improvement but many can only dream of. ready of the solar power system

means he generates his one electricity and he think he made the change in the summer, ready for the long winter had not damaged the item for new storm disarm the water. heating a domain hard old runaway which was to take, take our self sufficiency rating loss, which measures are told that maintenance is 98 percent system. that means we're independent. we'll be able to tricity grid on that. we'll find out whether that will still be the case through the winter net to same uh to think about and how's over the long days of summer solar sales creates an energy surplus. ready ready ready it's been used to charge a battery that supply. ready obviously the energy at night. ready as well as putting a heat. ready pump. ready so what's motivating the home improvement. ready ready ready ready ready aggregates type in a couldn't to 3 reason hide sustainability, reliability of supply and control of running costs, especially when i retire. i'd like those to be negligible. his son certainly never

sends a bill. the solar cells and the search facing part of the roof are best place to catch it. full for regularly checks his tablet to see if the system's working properly. it shows him how much energy is being produced and consumed. and so i got a few coming up and reducing 4.5 kilowatts of solar power, right? know from, from, from the time consuming 500 watts. that means there's a bunch of clean or rolling or something in the short time bots of these 85 percent charged up to 30 percent since early this morning. the whole. ready ready ready with this amount of backup generated in the morning alone and the full battery. ready only 5 over sun. ready should be able to see up the summer self sufficiently . ready but how do you store the energy of one summer's day for a long period. ready ready ready how does this heating system splits? walter into hydrogen and oxygen. ready hydrogen holds the energy and is stored in the gas tanks excites well secured for the winter. ready ready lindsay tough, it gets done, and you also see on the beautiful day yesterday,

hydrogen was produced at a whole time. it is. that's the blue block from the end of the doctors from 9 am to 7 pm. so a hydrogen time is like 2 thirds fill. 63 percent, i think it took 5 weeks and 4 very, very quickly. if needed a fuel cell can change the hydrogen back into electricity and heat, but so far is fast becoming an energy aspect. that takes a stop a few days ago. i actually look much more at the consumption peaks and, and i'd like to know what causes the stuff in taking very quickly, develop a feel for what seems more electricity one less and me. and it's a shame that every household doesn't pass similar monitor. so and then everyone would see what uses more energy and what less everyone would benefit from this educational effect on these ad seals. and if i came into india, it's about about certain sensible. but what do they expect saying? a generating hydrogen using solar power. friedrich sick is an expert in sustainable construction and teaching and berlin's university of applied sciences. he says the

energy set up in an area that whole 1st coach is exemplary charge of those fuel and is equal to the 100. i see it as a very good thing is, is that the system has been developed and made marketable. that allows surplus solar energy from the summer to be converted into hydrogen, bundle and use in winter and told me to create electricity and then take to the home on development. i mean, hydrogen is an ideal means to store energy with a loss by itself. so for this try, teaching with hydrogen saves up to 2 thirds of the emissions in comparison to gas. but the technology is not most produced and therefore expensive. the system costs just over 80000 bureaus. that's not counting the solar panels which are mass produced. and currently provide the cheapest energy around their use in the sustainable production of hydrogen is seen as the future the for the whole thing

needs sufficient space and good planning. that's the per month finally shows you how the new more installation so that we don't need. so much heat in the winter, you're taking, that's one thing. the other is like we have installed solar panels on the house on both sides of the facade for the type element instead. yet. but how do you get through the long said winter? hardly any, some lights are good in solution and a lot of solar panels enough. isn't that certainly try one is gonna be really fully self sufficient for $365.00 days a year. that's collect means we generate molar roads and electricity. it's a great story for everyone who lives here, how us one and the today cuz she's to. ready what role will solar hydrogen technology play in the future and the streets on try even more systems are produced and when prices will drop, local is the shoals and see i haven't even higher hopes for large systems is like large fuel cells was large electrolyzer as large hydrogen storage tanks be done by

which can then for example, be used in carbon areas, even some ions to supply. not just the single buildings think about the whole area . it's simply a matter of scale. the bigger the cheapest, carland football and for the occlusal, this device, we had solar power installation and hydrogen production. perhaps the recipe for a heating revolution at home using renewable energy to produce green hydrogen to heat your apartment's washer. and that was a hold of hoffman flux to, especially since hydrogen can be stored and transported in either gas or liquid form. the infrastructure is already there and is being expanded. hydrogen can be transported in pipelines normally useful natural gas. there are already a number of pilot projects in germany. projects of the future is in the may doing

it this wind farm in gemini. the plan is to use subsidies, wind energy to produce green hydrogen, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. in the cost of turbines produced excess energy, they have to be turned sideways so they wouldn't generate any know the storm also went across electricity from wind power cars. a ways needs to be drawn at the same time and all the energy is generated. we've now found a way to store wind power using hydrogen so, so this is how it works. electricity from wind turbine strength and extra lines is nearby. they split torture into oxygen and combustible hydrogen in a process called electrolysis for hydrogen to be available at all times. it needs a storage facility. the one here is on the ground and can hold 40000000 cubic meters of hydrogen across an area of roughly 6, hector's stands water to support the most tight which is fixed,

then directly into the ground and all the other night go down and then suspended them as well ahead and the longest payment was not enough. those meters hydrogen will soon be pumped through this pipe into poor us rock design. the 2 does, she does. a lot of this is a natural gas deposit and your, the gas accumulated here many millions of years ago. then it was extracted when it was exhausted and the deposit was converted into a natural gas storage facility. so the gas was injected in the summer and extracted in the winter. we get something that we want to store hydrogen here in the future. before that can happen, the pipes and storage facility need to be assessed for that hydrogen suitability come with a lot of stuff. is it possible to transport hydrogen doesn't words and not more dish on this, and then we'll have to see other button tv other than they are. well, that make some hope process, the hydrogen is that, is there water? this interferes with that? so the geologists say it works you a little bit entering, i'm shocked to tennessee or you know, because this is the 1st time project in germany,

5 to store hydrogen in photos. rock, it's endorsements as to where the hydrogen will then be transported, climate neutralise, and 42 kilometers to a combined heat and power plant and alford using existing pipelines that a current, a transporting natural gas as hydrogen molecules and much smaller than natural gas . these pipes will also be closely inspected. some reasonable restrictive is very nice. you have to go through the books and look at the history of the 5 and then the on that as a structural pressure assessment and then the anti applied that's gonna be done within inspection gave as was to carry out these tests as well. gas is flowing, the device has to post through and, and it's a considerable and that's the reason for the vantage because it means we don't have to dig anything out of that can check the pipeline one that stood in the ground. my cooking is the an optimal a few weeks later with that to see an inspection. the 3 me to gauge is also called

a pay cost. great. that because of its mobile joints that can inspect the pipeline from the inside. in order not to damage its delicate technology is pushed into the ad oak using a transport cheese, which has been removed off towards the end of his clothes and filled with gas with the speed of to me just a 2nd to the gauge now stops. it's jenny with the flow of gas in a similar way to a pneumatic cheat that these insect soon couldn't be. with this inspection, we can determine if there are existing anomalies in the fight. and that means if the type is slightly damaged from environmental impact in the past, we cannot take validate and then replace the relevant part and knock them all 6. the inspection is carried out in several steps and with various gauges. first, a cleaning gauge passes through the ad, ok,

and when these deposits in the pipe then a geometry gauge checks the height to possible dense to fat gauges renee via magnetic fields. any anomalies like rust damage and any material weakness they may have coolest weak spots. so that replaced the we slowly the coolest of the gas pipeline. again, it leads to the next stop, the stem will power station existing infrastructure. it can be used here to handle this corner maybe needs a few nozzles exchange. that would mean that the tire burner has to be replaced with comedies and basically this 3rd street boy looks like the game plan. all the combustion chamber stays the same function that can stay the same. and the 3rd stream systems for the district extraction can be kept as the are the items that means that technically speaking, not much has to be changed for the hydrogen technology service heating with

hydrogen, sustainable going forward. we asked an independent techs, but most of the office from is, are me hydrogen is actually because the media room for our sustainable energy revolutions. and since i learned that we can make hydrogen ourselves, i've also understood that it's really impossible for us to create an energy system based on 100 percent renewable energy within the next 2 and a half foot hydrogen powers, district teaching the 10s of thousands of apartments is set to become a reality by 2025. let us read. why do you have a science related question? then send it to us by video, text or voice message. if we feature your question and i'll show you a little surprised, was the time to come on just on this

week. garcia from chilly wants to know the do the moon and sun always rise in the east? and at different times. anyone who follows for a few days will realize it appears at a different point in the sky almost every night. and that's a diff, a title. each day of the month it appears around 50 minutes later. but it always rises in the east and disappears in the west. that's because the moon and the f move differently the the moon orbits the air citric 29 days. while the actual tapes once in 24 hours, that means that the moon's possession in the sky, it's daily added to that is it's tilted orbit.

that's why we see it at different positions in the sky. and it's more but isn't the circular but elliptical the dot means the distance from noon to s. changes depending on where the minutes on its journey the on top of that mesa noon, and also orbit. the sudden the movements mean but the moon appears differently in the sky every night. and that's it. sweeties as to what we're done seeing the and sometimes it even appears in the middle of the day. because the air spins eastwards on its axis. the sun, like the moon, always rises in the east to the time of the sunrise,

totally changes from day to day by one to 3 minutes in contrast to the restless moon the . that was this week's episode of tomorrow. today dw sized program. whether you've been watching on your phone or tablet or tv, we have to enjoy this show. see you next time. stay curious by the the

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