any politicians are critical of the compromise how the final law will look, is still unclear. the legislation still has to pass a divided european parliament. that's all the news for now. coming up next, the documentary on the origins of human contacting doc film after a short break. i'm anthony, how it in berlin for me and the team here. thanks for your company. and way, if in the world you're watching a good day, the ukraine was like a stepping points, you know, 5 or 2 into that warranty wants to be finished. your studies. now you have a certificate from the train. you can choose to go back or somewhere else currently, more people than ever on the world wide in search of a place in life categories. something that is coming very very soon. and yeah,

can we learn more about or know when a story info, migraines, the south africa, these hills are known as the cradle of human kind. a tell the story of evolution. nowhere else has so many of our ancestors puzzles being discovered. but one mystery remains when exactly did the 1st humans a pen and walk with our lives like that's one patio anthropologist josie, but i've gone once to find out at the chrome dry audiological site in south africa . he aims to give a voice to the bones of ancestors, the

a pay new anthropologist. it shows you, but a guy is a wild expert in his field, whether with the state of the art lavar tree equipment or in the dusty savannah. he is searching for the origin of human kind and the missing piece of the puzzle. most sapiens family tree color, so jealous, suspicious allocate attitude is not true to this general consensus that all human beings living on the planet today have the origin in africa around 100000 years ago in west the buffalo, some seo tools look at the one the see 5, if you goes to the back around 2000000 use, it's a different story. to have done falls.

yes, we still don't know exactly where the home again and so much and whether it was 2 or more like 3000000 years ago. it's good idea of us to the bottom. you left off the here in chrome dry, close to johanna is back brook all aims to sol based mystery. the scientists ponce of the cradle of human kind. and the many fossils in this landscape have revealed the story of evolution. it has been listed as a unesco welled, heritage science since 1999 the humanities family tree, bronze, tall from the great shapes. 7000000 years ago. we and our ancestors descended from that new genus to home in any one of those ancestors is of charlotte. peasant cuts off whom several skeletons have been found

. some of them over 3000000 years old. but about 2000000 years ago, they spaces died out. the transition from australia pits because the human still counts as a blind spot in evolutionary history. and no false soul has yet been found from the period between 3 and 2000000 years ago. that will give us any clues but the guy became site manager of the chrome dry archaeological site in south africa in 2002 to try and so phase mystery the, the, at the time the region was mainly living on its reputation. the last relevant

discovery came from the 19 scientist, the end of the 1st regard to find nothing new, but he doesn't coupon. he trusts his instincts and modern technology. richard varies the 16th of june and you guys can choose the brick off things. chrome dry is much bigger than originally assumed to find new excavation sites. he uses aerial photo grama tree to carry out 3 d survey. by combining this and chemical soil analysis, he plans to try to sewing on i really task stretch far into the no problem dr. is 5 times as launches originally,

so the percentage of pulse on treasure in the unexplored region begins the, the team gathers a launch number of samples. nobody has any idea how significant the new fines will be the search engines. or can you go to for soon as you get to pieces, i choose from a prime age and repeat that though, i'm already in the joy here. she don't like it is the even before it's taken out of the ground, it's clear that this is an entire joel that you sent from

a home in any. it's extraordinary. i see the data off to cancel cleaning. it becomes clear that this isn't a most perfectly preserved language. all of a child. it's a small sensation. but does it belong to a human child, or an auster le pipkins might even have originated in the mysterious transition period between the 2 general boucher models. i know specializes in medical imaging. he makes a computerized model of the tool to find some ounces. the donation is a community that i'm owns. if you were using your data to create a model of the job, the child of come drive with a tooth bones on sale. so 6 called, you know,

it's extraordinary up. so we might a no usually the size one. i've never seen anything like this in an auster leviticus. so i'm just touching up. they never have these long, central lateral in size is hung up on the logo. not so suddenly i thought all these facts of my initial impression quote. another question would be good because, you know, let's add some more criteria to make sure this is really a human mandible. dixie adults who can multiply, show me, jump off on me. cool, nice. yes. i know he put him in the the teeth inside a low, a jewel have remained unchanged since the death of the child. the shape and position suggests the genus is home. but from which precise stage of evolution the should

be data from the eyes, lane, and associates, one guy doesn't explain digits. what special about the child of crum dry is that it combines modern and primitive characteristics in a way we've never seen before. with such old fossil as to what account you can see very primitive australia pacific is characteristics in this i to talk about the context either caught them tunnel down, but then we also have very clear human characteristics. you'll see also if the child had been out a bit moment to a stage of development, we would not have been able to see this sense of, you know, i don't see that it can cause any, please, when the so called if this one right. and the fact that it's a small child gives us some key information. these all center is one that we don't get. now what constituted a human from a couple of 1000000 years ago? i think it was the way they grew up and but to be able to say that was such and t, we have to find more human infants from this period like this one on

what makes these fine. so valuable is it's early stage of development. but a guy is certain that an image or a low a jewel, will provide indications office patients. this would not be the case in a fully develop, jones. everything points to the fact that the joint originated in the transition period between australia, pentecost and humans. nope, that's not a big deal. and this is where the problem started with our chrome dry child and we enjoy some of them. others not so much. i love this one, but it will still be complicated. we have to date the fossil the specially whether it's older or younger than to me and is, is yep. so i'm sudden, it's all the but that's not enough. we need proof in front of the police. everything depends on the fossils age. but 9th is a dna analysis, know the radio, comp and method is able to date such an old fall. so

there's only one thing left to try and determine the age of the soil in which the fossil was found. the, to do this brigade put together a team of geologists to look the indications of which era the soil and tasks the chart. jones jones came from the 1st, the team has to learn about the composition of the sewing in the new the dunk area . on the almost square side is voted by line stuff. the deluxe, or whether the weight. yes, totally separate. and you said it will go completely west and it will be used on the front. i mean, we definitely want to, but it's not 2nd 19 the

standing want to is a bit of a mystery. it is an entire story behind it. a story from the time this child lived in chrome dry, the, the secret lies in the stuck fontaine caves close to chrome dry. they found little thoughts in these limestone caves, the most complete skeleton of an australia pip because evidenced compet it took several gas to estimate dates, age. it was 3700000 years on the home blue cell headed up the team at the time. a new these cave labrenz edits, history inside out the whole 90. no need to go. he turns out the other thing one

year for my son like what's here, we have small passages but not the creation of the cave, ssl that you can see. the process that she just said were below ground water level . so everything is under water to a pump, the water just slowly and gradually dissolves bits of carbonate and magnesium. she wants to do the sand and anything that dissolves easily is washed out. it's what it is when you get. this is how lab renting grotto is form and that equal thousands of kilometers long is only the dental office of phillip sees discoveries from the stuck fontaine caves. false, the team in chrome try to think again. the geologist found the same disintegration process in the bronx of both. okay. so the 2 locations seem to be connected on the ground. the opening to the surface has to be a remnant of collapsed car adults. that means that the site didn't come dry was once an underground k, the full protocol and his team. this is an important

realization they want to understand when and how the cave filled up. is this the key to dating the child of chrome dry to an indication that the origin of human kind the as it goes into the gulf instead of the spectrum, then it sits on when one of the strip contains larger halls individual that's about 30 meters long and 20 meters wide and about 30 meters high. that's exactly the same

size as calm, dry f o meant this one. this is interesting because here we have an unfilled caves for 1st we still have a boat separating us from the surface. english. a good 10 meters of rocks are ridiculous. so we have to imagine that geological changes are making the roof thinner, and at some stage it will open, the stones will fall in soil and also animals that we're finding now as possible will gradually, a pile of rubble will form called tell us like in an hour glass, so the opening is to trap, but over thousands of years catches what used to be on the surface one. it's a time capsule of what was happening outside of the times and then the let me more just especially at least tell you the toughness rises until the opening is clumped again, perhaps due to a collapse. once the whole closes, everything below it becomes fossilized. at the same time style it might grow slowly in the case as soon as the hole reopens

a 2nd part of screen. foams on top of the fast in chrome dry to fall in the cave roof was completely eroded. so the screens at the fossils were embedded in was expensed or the line. so here we have a snapshot of what the com drive must have looked like for 5 or 6000000 years ago, just before the cube, open it to the surface of the crystal fuss. at 1st sight, everything seems to come from one's own. but electromagnetic measurements show that there are actually different last, each from a different e. polk, the geologist trying to date the lat, in which the human jewel was found. regard hopes to then be able to estimate the age of the crumb, trying child. because people don't

the size of it both in june but teeth to full. val specializes in animal fossils. he identifies the type and evolutionary stage of the fragments of the bone fragments help. thanks the animals patience. this is a fema from what i believe it. yes. for val thinks this was a small and to learn from the same period as the child of chrome dry. but walter's done talents easy to what i'm trying to put the puzzle together piece by piece not from the depth of this animal to today. these finds help us understand the ecosystem to him in, in a developed within me. so basically it's also suggest open no voided savannah.

but that says little about the age of the land, since today's antelope. so too similar to the ancestors to many and years ago. to determine the age of the teams, need to find animals whose anatomy has changed to mall. after a few hours, they find a solid block containing fossilized bones of an unknown animal. the full valid, candidly exposes the sample with a dentist's content. he has to be very careful not to damage the fall, so i'll fix it down for you. now me find the best one. i thought it might be a fee line pay to i'm sort of off to cleaning it. i have to complete the gums and save a taste of a 2000000 year old b line credit to and again terry and they don't,

they and it's the breakthrough they were hoping for. disabled to tonga appeared about 3000000 years ago in africa and died down to about 2000000 years ago . the lay of the animal gums and the child's joel was found in is in fact, from the transition period between australia, pentecost, and human bond. the team has to date it even more precisely. the geologists get to walk again. they use a static mind from the phone. okay. to measure the time. so what i like the less that i need to come license and this is these to lag my from chrome dry to create a live human kind of is the only one we know we're still in place and it can be backdated and these are the only civil difficult, and they told me the static mindset foamed from drops

containing tiny amounts of uranium. over time, the uranium tends to let the ratio if the 2 elements reveals the age of the stone. the static mind must be between 2 and 2300000 years. so the baton us under the static might, must be owned. this proves that the fossils from the thomas below the static might also mold in 2000000 years old. the found the indications that the child's jewel comes from the transition period from australia, pickets to human html is conducting office to the combined. so i'm try gives us exactly what we were missing and strict fontaine, you the connecting piece between australia pit the coast and how many instruct

fontaine these layers have been lost due to erosion in chrome drive. they are still there. here we can bring together the links between all the stories from the cradle of human kind, little songs, investment even if it's a spectacular discovery. the challenge of come dry is the oldest human child ever excavated. an examination of the lower joint discloses the age of the 1st humans. it also shows as well differentiate them from australia. pivot goes on to do you told me the need to be for see, my don't tell you. suppose we can count on the fingers of one hand, the number of funds we have from the period before 2 to 3000000 years ago. and never a child, no phone, buddy in chrome drive. we have this infant who is showing is what humans would like to me and use a guy who could put it on your mail. yeah. do you know the name when i see uh send the domain to the office. i thought to the next user for me to call volume,

we made a 3 d image from the data to compare the lower job of a 2 year old today with a chrome dry child and the tongue child dental phone to come. i think i'm only been general from the iconic straw. the basic is child clinic. the tone child was discovered in 1924 in south africa at the time. it was the 1st and only australia pentecost. and they didn't generate much interest since it was thought the parcels of children did not provide much information. it's usually important regardless. however, as it helps to differentiate modern day humans from earlier general. the style of music is child in read, read chrome dry and blue to be true, and that's what it looks like today. we notice that you can someone, if you plan for concession telling me, you don't want to compare, you can get into about half of a job here. so you go to rate the tongue child really has no chance. it's slanted, but nobody can have. i'm not receiving tend to whether you would be the man to

decline the either chrome dry child has quite a vertical profile. very different to this here. when you do the song, know some of us the, the gen does not receive as strongly as the tongue one member that long ago, just as this simplest, this area is also less broad. so the actual as with t and a and this the morphology of the 2 is one digit which deepest a lot from the straw that hits it goes, i feel like you've done the whole boat. we have a series of characteristics here that suggest it is closer to a modern day child then to in australia pace. it goes something planted when he changes everything. it's much more modern than we thought. you know, sort of sounds representative of the city on the opposite side of the criteria that defined what humans and now outdated, the young walking upright using tools, the large brain. let's see. now we know that the style of visit goes to also use tools and walked up right most likely to use it. also to protect the lodge. bryan didn't develop until after the 1st humans, a p. i just need to put museum up because often today,

the belief is more that the criteria for the coming human have to do with development. see by vision you only depend with the false to love this insensitive, we are able to answer that for the 1st time 1st through the be well good point of point. my point was, it gets to the paleo anthropologists realized that this find will revolutionize that research. the problem, try they hope to find out want originally made humans humans the while. the 3 d images of being analyzed to search for more information continues that the chrome dry signed. the geology provides the researchers with new details. the cave filled up until the time has reached the ceiling. it's possible that predators then moved in the false holes from the thomas,

but probably then pray. and they tell us about the lives that the 1st humans, the scene on subject. yeah. domino. the need to many in years ago we were primarily scavengers, benefiting from others. laugh davis, and it was at the same time when we what price it was, easy to a to a that i didn't know. so it's exciting to find the remains of ancestors who would pray. it brings up new questions around how we continue to develop from and change and from unable to find out more about the 1st humans. the researchers look the new phones a comparison. if the 3 jones of the australia pit the goods to chrome dry, child, and modern day humans alone is not enough to rewrite human history, a comparison is also needed with the run trip us. another home and gene is

the rent for post means alongside humans. it is considered close, relative is around the same time as the homo genus. there is disagreement about whether it is and how strong the pip occurs or descends from the 1st, the rancher post was discovered in 1938 close to chrome dry of the previous month. 80 point you ballpark. so the 1st humans and 1st representatives of the gene is a very different from one. another aspect of the parental both has to be kentucky. look facial features with an overdeveloped domestic and tori f. a rod as it was vegetarian and specialized in consuming hot plants. contrary to the 1st humans only by the 2 studies suggest that they ate both plans and meet christie pointing to mail it to the shop. so much made, in fact, that traces of it can be found as a g o chemical signature inside the table in costs continue to hear from you can

tell you all they don't see if one is you know, the protocol wants to unravel the origins of human kind to do this, he would have to compare how human children and the rent for best children developed over 2000000 years ago. the problem is that no parental press child has yet been discovered. regard hopes to find one in chrome trying the he brings a specialist on board to find out when to dig and tell him b. lloyd well use the latest technology to lead him to the right place. she can predict weather launches, number of fossils to be found to my specific area. studies is on the 3 the reconstruction of the site and understanding special pet's name. using

3 d does is tire rotation method. visa, actually the fossils whose coldness they've collected using that socialization and reggie has the bosses and in green you have the humans and in yellow we have kind of was. so what we found some uh, 3 d special analysis as that we actually have full main testers plus the one in to contain the most fossil. so this is the most dense region of the site. you all are 2 very destructive process. and part of the discovery is destruction, but my focus within my ph. d is to ensure that we can actually preserve data in such a way that future generations can have an image of what it's looked like before. it was removed compared to the fy 2 times, i think now there's a lot more knowledge and awareness of this and

a lot more representation as well. so me, for example, being a black woman studying this. that's very rare. but we are pioneering and opening spaces for us to know our history and disseminate and as well regarding sweat, i'm going locates the highest probability of finding woman in the fall. so as soon as it goes so far, the most of the phones keep going. this looks like part of a task completely disintegrated on presented the most of the walk you on for the results, the ivory goes in all directions. a typical find that tells us absolutely nothing. for simple. clicked ammonia, fill the center,

delete it only shows is the inclination angle of the le physicals n g come over here. well, i think we have an inside the here that's in the opposite direction to the le, with the parents or bas together. tony's if so far, so we, we like to visit us. that's clearly not to sound debates. the hypothesis that we have another entrance as well and another source of materials. here we go, can look at this even older, more, yes, own. and that indicates a much longer, more complex history. yeah, left and task is important, talked or it's position at right angles to the out. the finds reveals that it belongs to a different thomas, presumably from another opening in the k for the this thomas is partially covered by the one that contains the 1st humans and parenthesis. so it's folder. but how exactly?

the excitement grows so easily page. this layer is very risky unless the other parts of buttons don't seem to know what they are. you have to take them out in order to get you, but it's too hard folder tool will need other tools for that. nobody home on the recovering the false old from the solid ground takes time. but too much air exposure can damage the bones. to avoid this launch blocks at con, top and taken to the step fontaine, the bar and tray. the fossils are extracted, the vista

fontaine land belongs to the wrong clock, the discount for of little photo. he rarely opens his lab, but regardless find awakens his curiosity, the why this piece corresponds to the rights of that space. and so it student needs some preparation. yeah, so it does, but wow, this is already taking my interest. this doesn't look like a parenthesis. yeah. and at the moment in the matrix,

it's that easy to tell, talked about. so if you look at the pre, if you look at the payments, so that doesn't look like you're i mean, yeah. and also to 50 two's roof. the more i look at this, the more i feel is one of these for the 1st time now chrome dry. you have to know strong because a single. i'm sure that i'm so pleased for you. not least, i'm pleased for the science because this, this so much to know which of the way these harmonies were developing and the different species has existed at any one time. so well then the,

the last also brings the real sensation. the. com drive is the only site in the well, the present, the transition from all sorts of pits. it goes towards parenthesis and mind. these are the 3 crucial pieces of the puzzle. to unravel the origin of human kind. set us on a particular, the typically post domestic, this astrology. i think a specimen is very close to the full cabinet family tree on the may be one of the last before parentheses separated from human law. and what so interesting in from dr. is that in the la with this go, we found both the oldest parenthesis and the oldest humans. so it'd really records the moment when the transition happened. to find in those draw the basic is that lived well before the split up for parents, for those long after that is quite interesting to mount pleasant. the most goals you have, the better, but i'm more interested in the blank page in the history books. i'm looking at the

moment when the space is separate, those little moment recessive. second, we're down those he's witnessing and historical moment one that many of his colleagues will envy him full. so that we don't say that we are touching our emphasis here, and the defendants on chrome dry is a time machine. the buckboard guy is missing one, a central element. what exactly was the difference between human and around surplus children? 2000000 years ago. he's convinced that this is the key to understanding how humans came to be finding another parents for post baby towards the end of the dig seems online. click the well from dr. reveal it's la secret. after a look,

i have the bottom teeth. another row of team see the progress of those. thank you. so yes, i have the and sizes got plenty of time for the 1st time we come in face to face with the parental boost baby. hold on. i should close and every time i'm here because i have to find either a human baby or a parental perspective on set and then they develop the whole point of the the you know, the welcome little parental person was up on the controls. will learn a lot from this child when we compare it to which human baby is joel. we also found among the piece of joy is the pinnacle of brick oswick. at last he can compare a run purpose baby with

a human baby that he found at the beginning the what kind of parental purpose baby tell us about becoming human welfare. this child is in use of south african paleo anthropology. is this, those parental boost childs gall, ever discovered worldwide? the, because i'm at no cost. what i can tell you using a particle accelerator called a synchrotron, we are creating a 3 dimensional x ray image of the inside of the to give us a depos a she's on be these on top of she's on the email or the space, 5 micro meters 6 structures correspond to the enamel that is deposited in a baby in 24 hours. depos yeoman capital similar to the annual rings of the trees. this ticket, the deposit, the fast that the tooth has grown. a put you ballpark. we found that the to the

small parenthesis gras significantly faster than the teeth of small human to the source advantage shall see. that usually does what does it do call? we also so differences in g o. chemistry was a short, took the ratio of calcium isotopes and the human ad korean surface teeth gave us information about nutrition as the to the form that to you or the form. i sort of said this is important because the isotope ratio changes during the transition from lactation to solid food intake. us also need just to have to we looked at the best on a little side. scroller dequarius includes analysis, show that the parenthesis where we in the very early, just a moment, was that a little bit on the song, probably shortly, or a few months up to. but if it's, you know, humans, on the other hand, we're waiting too much late to not until about age 3. so, so it does not because the only demo this had implications for social life. since raising a child that was weighing too much later,

required much more effort from the parents and the group. then the child waned earlier, smelled that i found you will be in the a car relation between the duration of childhood and social structure can already be observed in great takes a connection that may be transferable to the 1st humans. so between the 3 s started the behavior of different primates in the jungle and supports for gone in his analysis. so regardless of the legally yes. so the higher she'd go in those wings much earlier than chimpanzee no longer as long as the women metabolism focuses on brain development. and cognitive scales on, do you have a key baker? it's a different opinion make up as they learn to work and climb later or the from showing oakland between wiper and he's also available. what time down to the young

chimpanzee clings to his mother's penny, and just completely dependent on her on the interest of looking through the the community helps to defend the youngest son. he does have internet because usually a 100 and then go the younger really is on the other hand, could become independent much any of them. chimpanzees say to within any pre pre country to what you might think this shortens the learning period to earn it and is i'm giving you sort of a pool in washington d. c. chimpanzees starting to use tools during a longer learning phase. this takes time and this support is the big one and less rendered was entity the cause of sale. the when i watched him pansies, i feel very close to them. why is that like part of my family? see if i could go to and if you imagine the 1st humans and how they lived together,

a noise that was like this. you've also some good people that remote i'd like on the big difference with humans is that the chimpanzees to was remain the same. you to this day and i guess what they pass on the knowledge to the next generation as it pulled up at the moment. but there was no progress to feel. no further development of a totally meant from community. and that's probably the difference which human and ethics are in. the culture grew steadily too high. we picked up the, the tools that i've been to virginia has for more than the i'm not sure. so primitive humans, childhood was much longer than that of the parental. the, the analogy to today's great types allows conclusions to be drawn about how many organized society is 2000000 years ago. the 1st groups of people seem to be united by one main go to protect that off spring. this

makes the group vulnerable but apparently favors the policy on the knowledge folder guy and his colleagues. this is the long salt top, the key to being human, the these problems at home. sometimes i see it as close as you did. you make a to that wouldn't be from dry is the proof that human strategy was the best one. since the parents are both disappeared. 1000000 years ago, when the humans, on the other hand, have evolved in an original way. you compared to the stroller because it goes and paragraphs are busy. i found the put, the human reproductive strategy means giving birth to up spring that need a lot of energy and attention to develop that. brian's the strategy prevails data such as you get it allowed us bases to calculate the entire planet academy and as descendants of his bases that i am convinced not from already lived as we don't see

on this specified t v, at least as far as the relationship with the children was concerned, alter golf equal sound, a little hoppel via the phone are gone. spectacular, fine spring is close to 2 and sentence. the fossil motors show that the secret of on species is the long lactation pairing. this evolutionary step is what made the unique development of humans possible, the eco, the highest organic standards, and that's the here in africa. the theme safety is training historians gone in 5 hours agriculture. it gives them access to global organic export market. it's a pioneering project, but also combat climate change. eco for 30 minutes

on dw, the sometimes a seed is all you need to allow big ideas to grow or bring an environmental conservation to life with learning facts like global ideas. we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing, download it now for the news

. the news long from berlin, donald trump faces 37 criminal accounts over the mishandling of classified documents, us court on sale. the indictment against the former president, if convicted the charges carry the possibility of lengthy prison time. also coming up.