a superstar among the 30 also loved the 3 d w. these places in europe are smash the record step into a little bit, venture pizza, the treasure map for modern globetrotters, discover some of your record breaking site on your back, you tube. and now also in book form, the nuclear radiation comes in waves and sometimes gets under the skin. radioactive and electro magnetic rays can penetrate deep into our bodies. take x rays that can cut through any states to buddy luggage costs penetration rise into

their atomic structure. but what do they pose for that in more coming up the and i would welcome to tomorrow. today, the site is cat brown. when it comes to new cape how it all depends on the rest of nuclear power produces aggressive radioactive waste. but what is, instead of uranium, we were to use the mass, whole story, and waste from story empower stations. supposedly a misreading ation for a much shows at times and uranium based nuclear waste. it's also supposed to be meltdown truth. but all of the claims for real, the nuclear gets a pretty bad rap, and there are some good reasons for that. the,

towering much from japan you could read it still. it was the 1st like mer union has suffered to use disasters in the history of nuclear, faster on known proportions, fucked. we'll see if we could have nuclear energy without the problems a new meltdown. now weapons under lot less waste. well that is a new p, a super fuel that set to do that. let me tell you kids about story. told him we've known about it for decades. in the summer of 1965 scientists at the oak ridge national guard tree in the us britain, nuclear history. it powered up a ground breaking you react to. it was fundamentally different from most of the designs because it's nuclear fuel didn't come in solid form. instead, it was mixed into the cooling that's not too late to treat the system, which instead of malta was molten salt,

i would call them the stunning success to get things in, in the 1960s that we still can't do in reactors today. kirk sorenson at the self proclaimed story, and if i'm jealous his company slide, the energy is working on a modern version of the oak ridge react to come up with things that are going to make it easier and better and safer and faster. but at the heart of it really use the technology if it was originally put forward by off and wineburg at oak ridge, national lab and in the 19 sixties and seventies. the vision now is the same as back fence to generates on entry from story. and it's a frankly radioactive chemical element, that's $2.00 to $3.00 times more abundant in the us cross than uranium, which is what we mainly use to power reactors today. let's take a closer look at the chemical elements and that rice of types, nuclear fuels. we used today like uranium 235, a file. this means when the ice of types nuclei a hit by a neutron, they'll actually break apart and release more neutrons,

but split more items and so on. this nuclear chain reaction produces heat, which compound react uh, but the most common ice, the type of story m 232 comp split. it's not for styles, but fat tile. when a neutral and hits it's optimal, usually just absorbs tons of tens of sorghum. 233, no chain reaction yet. because after about 20 minutes or so, it decays into po, talk to them 233, which after about a month the case and to uranium 233 about those meant. so the system the tend to need a soft top if you like a, a, a bit of a stuff starts up, will store amounts of fuel to get the ball rolling. if you like to norman as a professor of nuclear physics at the university of bombing them. and once that is happening, we can start to grow in from the story of this very enter. your idea of that keeps the system working. the system is set to be efficient because the molten soul can

serve as by the fuel and the coolant. mission of reduce costs, not turning in operation, but also in the construction of the phones that also be less radioactive waste than conventional reactions. and much of it would be mostly gone off to hundreds instead of thousands of us. i didn't story and molten salt. we act as he'd get fetch me. no, he pretty tiny. and which could be used to build nuclear weapons. all of this really seems like molten salt. react isn't the story. i'm are much age and having the test react to run it full. tell us more than $13000.00 and became the world's fast react to run on uranium t $33.00 produced from for you. then government officials pulled the plug. what happened? well, for one, the experiment didn't always run smoothly. the the experience with the martin salt reactor expects what he meant in oak ridge was pretty big.

this is an even on a success to research as nuclear policy, the reactor trouble even breaching it's design our level. it then did not run smoothly to shut down a lot. and in the 40 years that at all they tell they don't fit for only about 50 percent of the time. that will also have questions about the materials in touch with the liquid fuel. the low is specifically designed to which stands extreme heat, corrosive salts and radioactivity shared cracking, and other concerns with the radioactive gas by products, which it already begun to eat away at the equipment, become leaking into the environment. when you build something for the 1st time, you don't get everything right. you, you do find issues. that's why we built experiments all technical issues aside. the real reason why the program was ended was different. i preached direct to all of and one badge, right?

a problem is not the term right. there is a pull. one brother, it's just different from the main line. main line met pressurized holt, reactance back was a much better tested design at this point that had been problems dead too. but those were not as a pattern as the problems with the microsoft reactor. today there's a whole bunch of companies working on different molten sol reactive designs. they're all, for example, concepts to fuel a molten salt react uh with radioactive waste, from conventional reactors. cox or incense company is planning to build a small test reactor. we've gone through a number of generations of nuclear reactors and other technologies. we most often do. one initial generation and it's time to, to continue on and in soon understand these, these advantages that can be used into the design. china is currently testing the molten salt process and the guy does it. and india home to the world's largest

store and resides is also working on reactors to utilize them as possible. long term nuclear struck today. busy you know, there's one level of, of it which is sort of talking and, and saying you're going to do things. but the more important aspect is to actually be doing it. and this might prove a lot how did the flushing 3 d animation suggest a multiple. so we act as really safer than conventional plots. any good resonate or we'd be asking a lot of questions to a designer. how is this reactive behavior? there's a fire. what is this an earthquake? what is your operator press this button and stop that? but those are not easy questions for cancer. to build a story and react to the costs around 800000000 your raise compared to several 1000000000 for a conventional one. regulators might require changes to react to designs that make them more expensive to build. money will also be needed for to research and to

build an entire infrastructure and supply chain from scratch. in the last couple of years, we've had more capital than we've ever had before. and we proceeded much faster than we ever had before, but it's still a very, very small amount compared to where we need a commercial story, a molten. so we access still use a way, at least if they, as often the tools. there's a lots of catching up to date. the story and power stations apparently don't need huge amounts of loss of recruiting in phones, sending you tips on how to reduce the outputs last summer. because dried up the river, this meant they couldn't get enough cooling. both the nuclear power provides 75 percent of fronts is electricity. on the 1st waste repository is being found in the countries, not this drilling as

an experiment that's been going on for more than 20 years. every day builders reset, chosen scientists come down here. but nice defense village of who are in lorraine. they want to know if the rope will hold for at least the next 100000 years. amelia is a geologist and the boss here. she takes us 500 meters down to her underground rock labeau to treat the repository for more than 85000 cubic meters of radioactive waste is to be built a few kilometers from here already. the research lab is huge, stretching over 2 kilometers of tunnels. sensors monitors, things like have the rock is moving uh, 6. okay. so if we want to find out how the different materials behave over time, with simulating the effects of degradation and this bull home to, to,

to view the teen years ago, we lowered a gloss matrix into the wrong because it's one of the materials used in containers of highly radioactive waste, addition to what action is it. the most dangerous, highly radioactive waste, relates to be transported even deeper into the rock in steel containers like these control robots, through micro tunnels. the final reports of trees built to have all the highly radioactive waste in front of the well. and then going, as you can see, this clay rock has great properties for our needs. so suddenly pauses disc, it's extremely fine. it surfaces how much in us does hockey pores, the tools, so it doesn't look put strain too bad. to disrupt is practically impermeable and then you test. so the quantities always sunset hushed books. demilia is these grand project might still fail. she still waiting for

a special approval for the radioactive waste to be stored in this rock. but construction is scheduled to start in 5 years. the 1st containers would go into storage in 2050 above ground. the facility is far less spectacular. it's located in a sparsely populated area, about 300 kilometers east of paris. it's peaceful with hardly any one on the roads, but things are getting turbulent in this quiet village. this site tells the repository where it can go in no uncertain terms. and that nuclear energy is out in this building has become the hopes of resistance activists from all over europe move in and out. but right now it's quiet and we can't get them into view. the protesters often appeared in the media. here they are last summer. it's a determines group, but small in comparison to the on,

to nuclear movement in neighboring gemini, immediately is aware that the germans do things differently. they might use this as well, and that's how the gemini has made it decisions on energy policy, which on a scientific level, we're still working together. and germany is also looking for a suitable nuclear waste site. quickly, after roy, radioactive waste won't just disappear. permanent storage solution needs to be fun . no. it's also a question of responsibility that we don't just post the problem if nuclear waste on to future generations. that's why we can say with what we know today with 30 years experience investigating the underground truck here that the plans were posit, treat as the safest and most sustainable solutions the government is likely to green light,

the project not least because of the lack of alternatives, in this regard, frances way ahead of germany for the search, but a permanent repository will take several more decades now to x rays, the, the electromagnetic waves produced by x ray tubes with the help of negatively charged particles called electronics electronics, generated using high voltage and smashed into an obstacle to 7 diesel ration produces energy in the form of x rays. and they were discovered 128 is or on this end the rates 1895. so it's as val holding conrad went and made a monumental discovery. while experimenting with cafe cheats in his lap, you just go for the re that could penetrate human tissue and reveal the inside of the building. an x ray image of his wife baptist home does the 1st documented example if this miraculous new technology,

the vin skins, discovery cost of sensation and the scientific community, and revolutionize the field of medicine. radiologist, thorsten blay, from the university clinical, pittsburgh, and germany explains, give us some shops. the funds of thought that the scientists were immediately excited. they recognized right away that this technology would be invaluable for the medical field, especially for showing broken bones and bone disease. soon afterwards, it was also used to identify soft tissue disorders in the chest and stomach areas on the x ray technology allow doctors to make diagnoses and treatments that were previously impossible. the home for the effects of x rays was seen identified as well. and then use for radiation treatment of counts a into about 2 laces. generations of research has continued to explore the various uses of x rays due to advances and medical imaging and computer technology. another

milestone was achieved organs could be observed in 3 d. thanks to opt, official intelligence computer tomography or c t keeps getting back to, to the computer to the seats position. so satisfied it to you has come so far that the resolution of the images we create keeps getting higher and we need a less examination thing to make them to the images of moving structures like the cardinality author. these are in the hearts which are small and moved by breathing, and the pulse can also be generated by the light to c t generation natalie produces better images. it will say provides more protection from radiation which is back to us. the patient's house was x ray technology is not just used for medical purposes. it also helps to check passengers locate, to tap ports to ensure know dangerous items of smoking through x rays. play

a vital role in the world of o 2, by helping to spot forgeries in archaeology, x rays and used to more precisely examined ancient fines like mummies, without damaging them at the found holes. the institution, the german city of pruitt x rays, are used in a multitude of ways such as to be inspect construction materials and companies, dogs by speed, your thoughts like since you a high x ray technology can also be used to make vehicle safer for you as a senior longer for a long time. no, we've used x rays on for example. it's called o u many and construction materials to check them for defects. so that when they're installed in the vehicles are there and possibly we can guarantee safety on the road as a guide or start also give a license for extra large c t systems can even scan entire vehicles.

the x rays are also used on prompts. flower pots in greenhouse is a scanned help document conch grace. the technology can monitor how close react to heat some dryness, which makes it easier to select certain ones for breathing. now it's even possible to x ray entire wheat fields. the you're found on windows, i'm faithful thought of you and then we drive across the testing fields with our field robots as we call it star. and i know to find hope it keeps us from there. we can give a relatively objective picture to the girl the see about how much a particular crop bill you log in given, and how fast the growth will be. the smartphone integration is x ray technology is used expensively, and its development continues. is what else in finding the far from creating more x

rays and shortening measurement times will definitely be a focus of research in the future. so that's with policy connex on the right has come in. pair of electrons, reach almost light speed and produce up to 70000 x ray laser flashes. past seconds . reset. choose from all over the world who use these especially intense x rays for a wide variety of experiments that could help shape the feature now to a positive acceleration way, researches conducting x ray experiments. daisy is essential to natural science reset and have that they they work with stuck to is out and then their level the 8 to develop new processes and products placed on images as if they all come in. now this is a solar cell or to be precise,

spray on solar cell that could revolutionize solar technology. it's made of cellulose, nono crystal substrates with a fenn, pull him or membrane. here at the daisy research center in germany, you quickly ask yourself why you didn't pay more attention in school physics lessons to. but let stock simply wait, are we present to you in the we are here in the beam line of the pitcher 3 beam line, p 031 we're synchrotron. x rays are used to them. that doesn't help so much. but let's keep going to use trucks to cope has been working at the daisy for some 13 years and his team takes care of measurements. so what exactly is being measured here? and what does the famous 2.3 kilometer long particle accelerator of to do with it? the vision, you know, the accelerator itself is the name suggests accelerates of particles which preceded the travel and almost the speed of light. and when they pass through

a magnetic field, they sort of change their trajectory of a vehicle and lose energy in the form of x rays on the way the team could then use this x ray radiation to precisely determine the structure of various objects. but why is that helpful? those kind of pushing, it can play a role in a number of everyday things. i'd be a chocolate or a solar cells or implants or muscle research. so we put a variety of objects in the x ray beam. ok, union, i hide the beam comes from there that hits this object and is scattered over. and we have various detectors that capture the light and on the basis of the pattern that emerges on these image was what we can model. what happened at the nano level? so what can i can to what i'm with in you and bustle, phenomenal, even if i'll see you, this is all to you. it looks it too hard. it's narrower here and wide are here, and the detector has also been tilted here. what's the assess being fascinated by the natural sciences since he was

a child. he studied chemistry and that his ph. d. a daisy know kind of as pon, in the, into see if, and i'm very interested in the process as of nature and want to watch nature at work and understand what goes on. and that's why i'm fascinated by and passionate about working with these beams. always like to really gain new insights back to the liquid solar cell in a few years. we may be able to spray it on the house walls and blinds of the almost not traditional. we also hope, of course, that it will have an influence on research and development in the industry, and that in the end, it will be cheaper or better for all of us. so that solar cells last longer and don't have to be replaced. as fascinating as the complex these nano particles, the daisy encumbered could change the world

read. why do you have the science related question? by video protection, social is may 6. if we see to your question and i'll show, we'll send you a little surprise as a thank you. come on, just on the this week, it asked me chavez, from mexico wants to know the how much much disassemble is per 2nd and how much energy does it generate? oh, son is a huge bull of electrically charged guns, ultraviolet lights and x rays show up vast plasma filled loops along its magnetic field lines. we'd have to place the side by side more than a 100 times to reach the diameter of the sun and comparisons while homestar and the

elements will forces the range. uh the earth is tiny, almost unknown entities deep inside just it's called the energy is generated that makes the sun shines a with a temperature of 15000000 degrees celsius. and under a numerous pressure, hydrogen atoms are fused to form helium. it takes around a 100000 years for the resulting radiation to reach the sun surface. every 2nd, all homestar combat school in terms of money to into energy. for the son, a med trifle. 4000000 tons. that's the weight of 10000 fully occupied long distance planes. the, the sun also loses mass through the cycle. solar wind. the constantly fleming stream of particles, flows through our entire solar system, creating

a protective bubble. it makes the sun one tell us not to pass that can go into the releases as much energy in a single 2nd as we own us use and a 1000000. yes. that's what formulas show that. we find it hard to imagine the only a small percentage of this energy reaches promise us, because the lights intensity decreases as a distance of song is only half way through. it's like spawn it will supply our planet with some light for another 4 and a half 1000000000. yes. however, it will only lose a 1000. so if it's mass during its unimaginably long existence, once it's been tough, it's hydrogen. the sun will turn into a so called red giant, becoming huge,

the bloated and howling 10 to 20 percent of its mass into space. then it will have reached the end of its life as we know it. and we already of time, the us into a home dead planet, the that was this week's episode of tomorrow today, whether you've been watching on your phone or tablet or tv, we have enjoyed the shows. see you next. so i'm curious by the

blockbuster sounds from the farm in the middle of a german village, pete the just lives and works here with his team. among the officers

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conservation to life with learning facts like global ideas, we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can make a difference, knowledge grows through sharing, download it now for the manuals and doing videos. you belong to the 770 percent, because i just got on 65 last, last goals. and here's 3 reasons why. 1115, we're here to help you make up your mind to the topics. i'm much up to you from table topics the new culture team. and let's say well the quote, the one of main kinds, oldest ambitions could be within reach. what do you see?

it really is possible to reverse the researchers and scientists all over the world for you know, race against time. they are peers and rivals with one daring goals to help smart nature. the more likes watching it on youtube, dw documents street. the face is dw news, and these are all top stories. ukrainian, president, lot of them is a lensky said, quote, time for offensive. and defensive actions are taking place against russian forces.