already told me about sugars paralyze between your societies. computers that are similar to governments that go crazy for your data. explain how to use technology's work. that's how they can also watch it. now the nuclear radiation comes in waves and sometimes gets under the skin. radioactive and electromagnetic rays can penetrate deep into outputting take x rays that can cut through anything to body luggage costs penetration rise into their

atomic structure. but what do they pose for that in more coming up the would welcome to tomorrow. today, the site is cat brown. when it comes to new cape how it all depends on the rest of nuclear power, produces aggressive radioactive waste. but what if instead of uranium, we were to use the mass, whole story, and waste from story empower stations? supposedly a misread the ation from much shows at times and uranium based nuclear waste. it's also supposed to be meltdown pretty. but all of the claims for real, the nuclear gets a pretty bad rap and there are some good reasons for that. in the, towering much from to japan, you could read it still it was

a purse like union has suffered the disasters in the history of nuclear, faster on known proportions. we'll see if we could have nuclear energy without the problems a new meltdown. now weapons under lot less waste. well that is a new p, a super fuel that set to do that. let me tell you kids about story. tony we've known about it for decades in the summer of 1965 scientists at the oak ridge national guard tree in the us. right. and nuclear history. it powered up a ground breaking you react to. it was fundamentally different from most of the designs because it's nuclear feel didn't come in solid form. instead, it was mixed into the cooling. that's not too late to treat the system, which instead of malta was molten salt,

i would call them that's not retrospective stunning success. it did things in, in the 1960s that we still can't do in reactors today, took sorenson at the self proclaimed story. and if i'm journalist his company, slide, energy is working on a modern version of the oak ridge react to come up with things that are going to make it easier and better and safer and faster. but in the heart of it really use the technology that was originally put forward by off and wineburg at oak ridge, national lab and in the 19 sixties and seventies. the vision now is the same as back fence to generates on entry from story. and it's a frankly radioactive chemical element, that's $2.00 to $3.00 times more abundant in the x cross than uranium, which is what we mainly use to power reactors today. let's take a closer look at the chemical elements and that rice of types, nuclear fuels. we used today like uranium 235, a file. this means when the ice of types nuclei a hit by a neutron, they'll actually break apart and release more neutrons,

but split more items and so on. this nuclear chain reaction produces heat which compound a reactor. but the most common ice, the type of story m to 3 to complex split. it's not for style, but fat tile. when a neutral and hits it's optimal, usually just absorbs tons, attends authority into $33.00 no chain reaction yet because after about 20 minutes or so, it decays into po, top 10 am to $33.00, which after about a month, the case and to uranium 233 about those. so the system the tend to need a soft top if you like a, a, a bit of a starts up, will store amounts of fuel to get the ball rolling. if you like to know minutes, a professor of nuclear physics at the university of bombing them. and once that is happening, we can start to grow in from the story of this very interpret uranium. and that keeps the system working. the system is set to be efficient because the molten soul

can service buys a fuel on the coolant. mission of reduce costs, not turning in operation, but also in the construction of the phones that also be less radioactive waste than conventional reactors. and much of it would be mostly gone off to hundreds instead of thousands of us and florian, molten salt, we act as he'd get fetch me. know you pretty tiny of which could be used to build nuclear weapons. all of this really seems like molten salt. react isn't the story. i'm already much age and having the test react to run it full. tell us more than $13000.00 and became the world's fast react to run on uranium t $33.00 produced from for you. then government officials pulled the plug. what happened? well, for one, the experiment didn't always run smoothly. the, the experience with the martin salt reactor expects that he meant in oakridge was pretty big. this is an even on a success to research as nuclear policy,

the reactor trouble even reaching its design power level. it then did not run smoothly to shut down a lot. and in the 40 years that at all they tell they don't fit for me me about 50 percent of the time. that will also have questions about the materials in touch with the liquid fuel. the low is specifically designed to which stands extreme, heat, corrosive salts and radioactivity shared cracking, and other concerns with the radioactive gas by product tricky in which it already begun to eat away at the equipment become leaking into the environment. when you build something for the 1st time, you don't get everything right. you, you do find issues. that's why we built experiments all technical issues aside. the real reason why the program was under it was different. i preached direct to all of and one badge, right? or problem is not the term right. there is a pull. one brother,

it's just different from the main line. main line met pressurized holt, reactance. that was a much better tested design at this point that had been problems dead too. but those were not as a pattern as the problems with the microsoft reactor. today there's a whole bunch of companies watching on different molten salt react to designs. they're all, for example, concepts to fuel a molten salt, react with radioactive waste, from conventional reactors, a tax or incense company is planning to build a small test reactor, we've gone through a number of generations of nuclear reactors and other technologies the most often to one initial generation and it's time to, to continue on and in soon understand these, these advantages that can be infused into the design. china is currently testing the molten sold process and the guy does it. and india home to the world's largest store and resides is also where i can only access to utilize them as possible. long

time you struck today, you know, there's one level of, of it which is sort of talking and, and saying you're going to do things. but the much more important aspect is to actually be doing it. and this might prove a lot how did the flushing 3 d animation suggest a multitude. so we act as really safer than conventional plots. any good regulator will be asking a lot of questions to a designer. how was this reactive behavior? there's a fire. what is this an earthquake? what is your operator press this button and stop that? but those are not easy questions for cancer. to build a story and react to the costs around 800000000 your raise competitors separately, 1000000000 for a conventional one. regulators might require changes to react to designs that make them more expensive to build. money will also be needed for to research and to

build an entire infrastructure and supply chain from scratch. the last couple of years we've had more capital than we've ever had before. we proceeded much faster to be around before, but it's still a very, very small amount compared to where we need commercial story a molten. so we access a still use a way, at least if they ever happen the tools. there's a lot of catching up to date. the story empower spaces apparently does need huge amounts of work for cruising in phones. some of the eclipse phones had to reduce the outputs last summer because dried up with is meant they couldn't get enough cooling goals. nuclear power provide $75.00 to cents. a front has electricity on the 1st waste repository is being found in the countries and all

this drilling as an experiment that's been going on for more than 20 years. every day builders reset chosen scientists come down here in east the french village of who are in lorraine. they want to know what the rope will hold for at least the next 100 service years. amelia is a geologist and the boss here. she takes those 500 meters down to her underground rock labeau to treat the repository for more than 85000 cubic meters of radioactive waste is to be built a few kilometers from here already. the research lab is huge, stretching over to kilometers of tunnels. sensors monitors, things like the rock is moving uh, 6. okay. so we want to find out how the different materials behave over time. with simulating the effects of degradation and this bull home to,

to review 13 years ago, we lowered a gloss matrix into the wrong because it's one of the materials used in containers of highly radioactive waste. addition to what action is it? the most dangerous highly radioactive waste relates to be transported even deeper into the rock in steel containers like these controlled by robots, through micro tunnels. the final reports of trees built to have all the highly radioactive east in front of the well. and then as you can see, this clay rock has great properties for our needs. so sadly disc, that's extremely fine. it surfaces how much in us does hockey pores, the tools, so it doesn't look good strain too bad. this rock is practically impossible that you test. so the quantity is always sunset, hushed, but amelia is these grand project might still fail. she still waiting for official

approval for the radioactive waste to be stored in this rock. but construction is scheduled to start in 5 years. the 1st containers would go into storage in 2050 above ground. the facility is far less spectacular. it's located in a sparsely populated area, about 300 kilometers east of paris. it's peaceful with hardly any one on the roads, but things are getting turbulent in this quiet village. this side tells the repository where it can go in no uncertain terms. and that nuclear energy is out in this building has become the hopes of resistance activists from all over europe move in and out. but right now it's quiet and we can't get to interview the protesters often appeared in the media. here they are last summer. it's a determines group, but small in comparison to the onto nuclear movement in neighboring germany,

immediately is aware that the germans do things differently. they might, yes, as, as well. and that's how the gemini has made decisions on energy policy. it's on a scientific level, we're still working together. and germany is also looking for a suitable nuclear waste site. after all radioactive waste won't just disappear, permanent storage solution needs to be fine. no. it's also a question of responsibility that we don't just post the problem if nuclear waste on to future generations. that's why we can say with what we know today with 30 years experience investigating the underground truck here that the pond repository is the safest and most sustainable solution. the government is likely to green light, the project, not least because of the lack of alternatives. in this regard,

front is way ahead of germany, where the search for a permanent repository will take several more decades. now to x rays, the, the electromagnetic waves produced by x ray tubes with the help of negatively charged particles called electronics. if electronics are accelerated using high voltage and smashed into an obstacle to some diesel ration, produces energy in the form of x rays and they were discovered 128 is. busy or on the agenda rates, 1895 physicist vill holding. conrad went and made a monumental discovery. while experimenting with cafe cheats in his lap, you discovered a ray that could penetrate human tissue and reveal the inside of the building. an x ray image of his wife baptist holmes. the fest documented example if this miraculous new technology,

the vin skins, discovery close to sensation and the scientific community and revolutionize the field of medicine. radiologist, thorsten blay, from the university clinical, pittsburgh, and germany explains, give us some stuff. the funds are for the, the scientists were immediately excited. they recognized right away that this technology would be invaluable for the medical field, especially for showing broken bones and bone disease. soon afterwards, it was also used to identify soft tissue disorders in the chest and stomach areas on the x ray technology allow doctors to make diagnoses and treatments that were previously impossible. the home for the effects of x rays was seen identified as well. and then use for radiation treatment of counts a into about 2 laces generations of research has continued to explore the various uses of x rays due to advances and medical imaging and computer technology. another

milestone was achieved organs could be observed in 3 d. thanks to off official intelligence competed democracy or c t keeps getting back to to complete the seats position. so set the bye to speakers on it to you has come so far that the resolution of the images we create keeps getting higher and we need less examination, trying to make them to the images of moving structures like the card and the author . these are in the hearts which are small and moved by breathing, and the pulse can also be generated by the light to c. t generation now totally produces better images. it will say provides more protection from radiation which is back to us, the patient's house for sex. right, technology is not just used for medical purposes. it also helps to check passengers look at to tank ports to ensure no dangerous items of smoking through x rays

play a vital role in the world of o 2. by helping to spot forgeries in archaeology, x rays are used to more precisely examined ancient fines like mummies, without damaging them at the found holes, the institution, the german city of pruitt x rays are used and a multitude of ways such as to be inspect construction materials on companies, dogs by speed, your thoughts like since you a high x ray technology can also be used to make the vehicle safer for you as a senior longer for a long time. no, we've used x rays on, for example, is called o u medium construction materials to check them for defects. so that when they're installed and the vehicles are that unfortunately, we can guarantee safety on the road calls or developments or extra large c t systems can even scan entire vehicles. the x

rays are also used on prompts. flower pots in greenhouse is a scanned help document. conch grace, the technology can monitor how the parents react to heat some dryness, which makes it easier to select certain ones for breeding. now it's even possible to x ray entire wheat fields. the your found on windows, i'm faithful thought of you and then we drive across the testing fields with our field robots as we call it star. and i know to find opiate cables from there. we can give a relatively objective picture to the girl or the see about how much a particular crop bill you are given calling on how fast the growth will be. the smartphone integration is x ray. technology is used expansively and its development continues. is what else in finding the far from space to creating more x rays and shortening measurement times will definitely be

a focus of research in the future. so that's web pulse of connex on the right to is come in here. electrons reach almost light speed and produce up to 70000 x ray laser flashes past seconds. reset just from all over the world to use these especially intense x rays for a wide variety of experiments that could help shape the feature and now to a positive acceleration way, researches are conducting x ray experiments. daisy is essential to natural science reset and have that they they work restrictive and then their level to be able to develop new processes and products based on images as they all come in. now this is a solar cell or to be precise, spray on solar cell that could revolutionize solar technology. it's made of

cellulose, nono crystal substrates with a thin polymer membrane. here at the daisy research center in germany, you quickly ask yourself why you didn't pay more attention in school physics lessons. but let's start simply, where are we? isn't here in the we are here in the beam line of the petra, 3 beam line, p 031 we're synchrotron. x rays are used to them. that doesn't help so much. but let's keep going to use trucks. comp has been working at the daisy for some 13 years and his team takes care of measurements. so what exactly is being measured here? and what is the famous 2.3 kilometer long particle accelerator has to do with it? vision, you know, the accelerator itself only because the name suggests accelerates particles which preceded the travel and almost the speed of light. and when they pass through

a magnetic field, they sort of change their trajectory of a vehicle and lose energy in the form of x rays. on the way the team could then use this x ray radiation to precisely determine the structure of various subjects. but why is that helpful? it does come in for students that can play a role in a number of everyday things, idea chocolate or solar cells or implants or muscle research. so we put a variety of objects in the x ray beam units called high beam comes from there that hits this object and is scattered. and we have various detectors that capture the light and on the basis of the pattern that emerges on these image was what we can model what happened at the nano level. so what can i can, what i'm, what did you and myself then not only in the policy of this, and he felt that you, it looks it too hard, it's narrower, here and wider here. and the detector has also been tilted here. what's the assess being fascinated by the natural sciences since he was a child. he studied chemistry and that his ph. d. a daisy know kind of as pawn.

they've been, they are in to see if and i'm very interested in the processes of nature and want to watch nature at work and understand what goes on. and that's why i'm fascinated by and passionate about working with these beams. always like to really gain new insights back to the liquid solar cell in a few years. we may be able to spray it on his walls, blaine's to your home on such image. so we also hope, of course, that it will have an influence on research and development in the industry. and that in the end, it will be cheaper or better for all of us. so that solar cells last longer and don't have to be replaced. as fascinating as the complex these nano particles, the daisy encumbered could change the world. let us read. why do you have a science related question?

then send it to 5 video text social it's may 6. if we see to your question and i'll show, we'll send you a little surprised as the thanks you come on. just on this week, it asked me chavez, from mexico, wants to know the how much much, just the sum of these post 2nd and how much energy doesn't generate oh, sun is a huge bowl of electrically charged guns, ultraviolet lights and x rays show up vast plasma field loops along its magnetic field lines we'd have to place the side by side more than a 100 times to reach the diameter of the sun. in comparison to a head start and the elements will forces the range. uh the us is tiny,

almost unknown entities. deep inside just it's called the energy is generated that makes the sun shines a with a temperature of 15000000 degrees celsius. and under a numerous pressure, hydrogen atoms are fused to form helium. it takes around a 100000 years for the resulting radiation to reach the sun surface every 2nd door, homestar combat school in terms of money to into energy for the son, a med trifle for 1000000 tons. that's the weight of 10000 fully occupied long distance planes. the. the sun also loses mass through the cycle. solar wind. the constantly fleming stream of particles, flows through our entire solar system, creating

a protective bubble. it makes the sun one tell us not to pass that can go into the it releases as much energy in a single 2nd as we own us use and a 1000000. yes. that's what formula show that. we find it hard to imagine the only a small percentage of this energy reaches promise us, because the lights intensity decreases as a distance of sun is only half way through. it's like spawn it will supply our planet with want some lights for another 4 and a half 1000000000. yes. however, it will only lose a 1000. so if it's mass during its unimaginably long existence, once it's been tough, it's hydrogen. the sun will turn into a so called red giant, becoming huge heat, bloated and hiding 10 to 20 percent of its mass into space. then

it will have reached the end of its life as we know it. and we already of time the us into a whole dead planets the that was this week's episode of tomorrow today, whether you've been watching on your phone or tablet or tv, we have enjoyed the shows. see you next. so i'm curious by the

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the this is the, the news live up from berlin. nieto stage is the largest air force exercise in its history, led by germany's the drills and ball 25 countries and over 10000 soldiers that are seen as a clear signal small scale. also coming off on the show, ukraine says it has re taken several towns from.