of big ideas to grow. we're bringing an environmental conservation to life with learning facts like global ideas. we will show you how climate change and environmental conservation is taking shape around the world and how we can make a difference. knowledge grows through sharing, download it now for the nuclear radiation comes in waves and sometimes gets under the skin. radioactive and electro magnetic rays can penetrate deep into our bodies. take x rays that can cut through anything. the body luggage costs penetration rise into their atomic structure. but what do they pose for that in more coming up the and i would welcome to tomorrow. today,

the side is cousin disease. when it comes to new cape how it all depends on the rest of nuclear power, produces aggressive radioactive waste. but what is, instead of uranium? we were to use the meso story and waste from story empower stations, supposedly a mix ready ation for a much shows at times and uranium based nuclear waste. it's also supposed to be meltdown truth. but all of the claims for real, the nuclear gets a pretty bad route and there are some good reasons for that. in the, towering much from japan, you could read it still. it was a purse like mer union has suffered the disasters in the history of

nuclear, faster on known proportions. we'll see if we could have nuclear energy without the problems, a new meltdown. no weapons under lot less waste. well, the is a new p, a super fuel that set to do that. let me tell you kids about story. you told him we've learned about it for decades. in the summer of 1965 scientists at the oak ridge national guard tree in the us, right nuclear history. a powered up of ground breaking you react to. it was fundamentally different from most of the designs because it's nuclear feel didn't come in solid form. instead, it was mixed into the coolant that's circulated through the system, which instead of water was molten salt. i would call them that's our records permanent stunning success. it did things in, in the 1960s that we still can do in reactors today. kirk sorenson is

a self proclaimed story and if i'm journalist his company slide, energy is working on a modern version of the oak ridge react to come up with things that are going to make it easier and better and safer and faster. but at the heart of it really use the technology that was originally put forward by often wineburgh at oak ridge national lab and in the 19 sixties and seventies. the vision now is the same as box that generates an entry from story. and it's a frankly radioactive chemical element that's $2.00 to $3.00 times more abundant in the crust than uranium, which is what we mainly use to power reactors. today. let's take a closer look at the chemical elements and that reisa types nuclear fuels we use today, like you, radium 235, a file. this means when the ice of types nuclei a hit by a neutron, they like to break apart and release monique drums, but split more items and so on. this nuclear chain reaction produces heat which compound a reactor. but the most common ice,

a type of story m to 3 to complex split. it's not fit file, that fat tile one. and each one hits it's off times usually just absorbs tons of tens of for you into 3 tree. no chain reaction yet, because after about 20 minutes or so, it decays into po, tucked 10 am to $33.00, which after about a month, the case into uranium 233. not those split. so the system the tend to need to stall top if you lock up the, a bit of a stuff starts up, will store amounts of fuel to get the ball rolling. if you like to co, norman is a professor of nuclear physics at the university of birmingham. and once that is happening, we can start to grow in from the story of this very until the uranium of that keeps the system working. the system is set to be efficient because the molten soul conserve a space of fuel on the coolant. this should reduce costs, not turning in operation control. so in the construction of the pounds

that will say be less radioactive waste and conventional reactions. and much of it would be mostly gone off to hundreds instead of thousands of years. and in story a molten salt reactors, he'd get fetch me know you're pretty tiny of which could be used to build nuclear weapons to all of this really seems like multiple so we act isn't story m r a much age and having the test reactive run it full tell us more than $13000.00 and became the world's fast react to, to run on uranium t $33.00, produced from florida. and then government officials pulled the plug. what happened? well, for one, the experiment didn't always run smoothly. the the experience with the martin salt reactor experienced what he meant in oak ridge was pretty big. this is even on a assist, assist to reset his new policy, the reactor trouble even reaching its design power level. it

then did not run smoothly. it was shut down a lot and in the 4 years that at all they tell you don't fit for me about 50 percent of the time. that will also have questions about the materials in touch with the liquid fuel. the lowest specifically designed to which stands extreme, heat, corrosive salt, some radioactivity shared cracking, and other concerns with the radioactive gas by product tricia, in which it already becomes each way that the equipment become leaking into the environment. when you build something for the 1st time, you don't get everything right. you, you do find issues. that's why we built experiments all technical issues aside. the real reason why the program was ended was different. i preached direct to open one bed, right? a problem is not the term right, there is a pool. one problem, it's just different from the main line. main line met pressurized holt, reactance. that was

a much better tested design at this point that had been problems there too. but those were not as a pattern as the problems with the consortium. today, there's a whole bunch of companies working on different molten salt, react to designs. they're all, for example, concepts to fuel, to molten salt, react with radioactive waste, from conventional reactors tax or incense company. is planning to build a small test reactor. we've gone through a number of generations of nuclear reactors and other technologies we most often do one initial generation. and it's time to, to continue on and understand these, these advantages that can be used into the design. china is currently testing the molten salt process and the guy does it. and india home to the world's largest story and resides is also why can only access to utilize them as possible long time . you can use struct today. you know, there's one level of,

of it which is sort of talking and, and saying you're going to do things. the much more important aspect is to actually be doing it. and this might prove a lot harder than the flushing 3 d animation suggest a multiple. so we access really safer than conventional plots, any good resonate or we'd be asking a lot of questions to a designer. how was this reactive behavior? there's a fire. what is this an earthquake? what is your operator? press this button and stop that? but those are not easy questions to answer. to build a story and react to it costs around 800000000 your raise compared to several 1000000000 for a conventional one. the regulators might require changes to react to designs that make them more expensive to build. money will also be needed for to research and to build an entire infrastructure and supply chain from scratch. in the last couple of

years, we've had more capital and we've never had before. and we proceeded much faster to be around before, but it's still a very, very small amount compared to where we need commercial story, a multitude. so we access, i still use a way, at least if they ever happen the tools. there's a lot of catching up to date. the story empower spaces, apparently don't need huge amounts of work for cruising in phones. some new tips on how to reduce the outputs last summer because dried up the roof is meant they couldn't get enough cooling goals. nuclear power provide 75 percent of funds has electricity on the 1st waste repository is being found in the countries. know this drilling is an experiment that's been going on for more than 20 years. every day builders

reset chose and scientists come down here in east the french village of who are in lorraine. they want to know what the rope will hold for at least the next 100 service years. amelia is a geologist and the boss here. she takes those 500 meters down to heart underground rock lebeau, to treat the repository for more than 85000 cubic meters of radioactive waste is to be built a few kilometers from here already. the research lab is huge. stretching over to kilometers of tunnels. sensors monitors, things like have the rock is moving uh, 6. okay. so we want to find out how the different materials behave over time. with simulating the effects of degradation in this bull ho. 13 years ago we lowered a gloss matrix into the wrong because it's one of the materials used in containers

of highly radioactive waste recorded. they should always action. it's it the most dangerous, highly radioactive waste will later be transported even deeper into the rock in steel containers. like bees controlled by robots through micro tunnels. the final reports of trees built to hold all the highly radioactive waste in front of the well and then goodness, you can see this clay rock has great properties for our needs. so subject to disc, it's extremely fine. it surfaces how much in us does hockey pores, the tools, so it doesn't look put strain too bad to disrupt as practically in palm able does. so the commodities always sunset, hushed books. demilia is these grand project might still fail. she still waiting for a special approval for the radioactive waste to be stored in this rock. but construction is scheduled to start in 5 years. the 1st containers would go into storage in 2050

of the above ground. the facility is far less spectacular. it's located in a sparsely populated area, about 300 kilometers east of paris. it's peaceful with hardly any one on the roads, but things are getting turbulent in this quiet village. this side tells the repository where it can go in no uncertain terms. and that nuclear energy is out in this building has become the hopes of resistance activists from all over you to move in and out. but right now it's quiet and we can't get them into view. the protesters often appear in the media. here they are last summer, it's a determines group, but small in comparison to the on to nuclear movement in neighboring germany and media do they is aware that the germans do things differently. they might use this

as well, and that's how the gemini has made it decisions on energy policy. what's on a scientific level, we're still working together. and germany is also looking for a suitable nuclear waste site. quickly after all radioactive waste won't just disappear. permanent storage solution needs to be fun. no. this will. so a question of responsibility that we just post the problem if nuclear waste on to future generations. that's why we can say with what we know today with 30 years experience investigating the underground truck here that the plans were posit tree is the safest and most sustainable solutions the government is likely to green light. the project, not least because of the lack of alternatives. in this regard, frances way ahead of germany or the search, but a permanent repository will take several more decades

now to x rays, they, the electro magnetic waves produced by x ray tubes with the help of negatively charged particles called electronics. if electrons are accelerated using high voltage and smashed into an obstacle to 7th diesel ration, produces energy in the form of x rays. and they were discovered $128.00. he is all on the agenda rates. 1895 fitness has been holding. conrad went and made a monumental discovery. while experimenting with cafe cheats in his lap, he discovered a way that could penetrate human tissue and reveal the inside of the building. an x ray image of his wife baptist home does the 1st documented example if this miraculous new technology, the vin skins, discovery close to sensation in the scientific community and revolutionize the

field of medicine. radiologist, thorsten blay, from the university clinical, pittsburgh, and germany explains, give us some stuff. the funds of thought that the scientists were immediately excited. they recognized right the way that this technology would be invaluable for the medical field, especially for showing broken bones and bone disease. soon afterwards, it was also used to identify soft tissue disorders in the chest and stomach areas on the x ray technology allow doctors to make diagnoses and treatments that were previously impossible. the home for the effects of x rays was seen identified as well. and then use for radiation treatment of counts into about 2 laces generations of research has continued to explore the various uses of x rays due to advances and medical imaging and computer technology. another milestone was achieved organs could be observed in 3 d,

thanks to off official intelligence computer tomography or c t keeps getting back to, to complete the seats position. so satisfied it to you has come so far that the resolution of the images we create keeps getting higher and we need less examination, trying to make them to the images of moving structures like the cardinality activities around the hearts which are small moves by breathing. and the pulses can also be generated by the light to c. t generation now totally produces better images. it will say provides more protection from radiation, which is back to us. the patient's house was x ray technology is not just used for medical purposes. it also helps to check passengers look at to temple to ensure no dangerous items of smoking through x rays play a vital role in the world of o 2. by helping to support forgeries in archaeology,

x rays and used to more precisely examined ancient fines like mummies without damaging them at the found holes, the institutes in the german city of pruitt x rays are used in a multitude of ways such as to be inspect construction materials and companies, dogs, bodies, speed, your thoughts like since you a high x ray technology can also be used to make vehicle safer. i could use our senior longer for a long time. no, we've used x rays on for example, it's called o u minium construction materials to check them for defects. so that when they're installed in the vehicles are the parts that we can guarantee safety on the road and guide, or 3rd calls, or developments or extra large c t systems can even scan entire vehicles. the x rays are also used on prompts. flower pots in greenhouse is

a scanned help document. conk grace. the technology can monitor how close react to heat some dryness, which makes it easier to select certain ones for breeding. now it's even possible to x ray entire wheat fields. the you're found on the table thought of you and then we drive across the testing fields with our field robots as we call it. all right? no, to find hope it keeps us from there. we can give a relatively objective picture to the girl and see about how much a particular crop bill you are given in common and how fast the growth will be to a smartphone. integration is x ray technology is used expansively and its development continues. is what else you can find in the far from space to creating more x rays in shortening measurement times will definitely be a focus of research in the future. and that's with policy. collect, celebrates, has come in care electrons,

reach almost light speed and produce up to 70000 x ray laser flashes. past seconds reset. choose from all over the world who use these especially intense x rays for a wide variety of experiments that could help shape the feature and now to a positive acceleration way researches are conducting x ray experiments. daisy is essential to natural science reset and have that. they, they work restrictive and then their level the 8 to develop new processes and products based on images that does look like they all come in. this is a solar cell or to be precise, spray on solar cell. that could revolutionize solar technology. it's made of cellulose, nono crystal substrates with a thin polymer membrane. here at the daisy research center in germany,

you quickly ask yourself why you didn't pay more attention in school physics lessons to. but let's start simply, when are we? events here in the we are here in the beam line of the pitcher 3 beam line, p 031 we're synchrotron. x rays are used to them. that doesn't help so much. but let's keep going to use trucks. cope has been working at the daisy for some 13 years and his team takes care of measurements. so what exactly is being measured here? and what is the famous 2.3 kilometer long particle accelerator has to do with it? the vision, you know, the accelerator itself on because the name suggests accelerates particles which preceded the travel at almost the speed of light. and when they pass through magnetic field, ok, they sort of change their trajectory of a vehicle and lose energy in the form of x rays on the way the team could then use

this x ray radiation to precisely determine the structure of various objects. but why is that helpful? this kind of pushing, it can play a role in a number of everyday things. i'd be a chocolate or a solar cells or implants or muscle research. so we put a variety of objects in the x ray beam. ok? union height, the beam comes from there that hits this object and is scattered over. and we have various detectors that capture the light and on the basis of the pattern that emerges on these image was, what stuff? well, we can model what happened at the nano level. so what can i can, what i'm more than you and myself that normally in the policy of this diesel to use, it looks it to it's near or here and wide are here. and the detector has also been tilted here, but css being fascinated by the natural sciences since he was a child. he studied chemistry and that his ph. d. a daisy, i'm in know kind of as pawn a they've been 0. ready to see if,

and i'm very interested in the process of nature and want to watch nature at work and understand what goes on. and that's why i'm fascinated by and passionate about working with these beams. always like to really gain new insights back to the liquid solar cell in a few years. we may be able to spray it on house walls and blinds. we also hope, of course, that it will have an influence on research and development in the industry. and that in the end it will be cheaper or better for all of us. so that solar cells last longer and don't have to be replaced as fascinating as the complex these nano particles the daisy encumbered could change the world. the problem let is read. why do you have a science related question then send it by

a video taken social. it's makes sense. if we see to your question and i'll show, we'll send you a little surprised as the thanks you come on. just on this week. it asthma chavez from mexico wants to know how much much disassemble is per 2nd, and how much energy does it generate? oh, son is a huge pool of electrically charged guns, ultraviolet lights and x rays show up vast plasma field loops along its magnetic fields lines. we'd have to place the side by side more than a 100 times to reach the diameter work. the sun in comparison to our home start and the elements will forces the range. uh the earth is tiny, almost unknown entities. deep inside is it's called the energy is

generated that makes the sunshine air with a temperature of 15000000 degrees celsius. and under a numerous pressure, hydrogen atoms are fused to form helium. it takes around a 100000 years for the resulting radiation to reach the sun surface every 2nd and all home stuck in that school 1000000 tons of money to into energy for the sun, a med trifle for 1000000 tons. that's the weight of 10000 fully occupied long distance planes. the sun also loses mass through the cycle. solar wind. the constantly fleming stream of particles, flows through our entire solar system, creating a protective bubble. it makes the sun one tell us not to pass that can go into

it releases as much energy and a single 2nd as we own us use and a 1000000. yes. that's what formula show that. we find it hard to imagine the only a small percentage of this energy reach has promised to us. because the lights intensity decreases as a distance of sun is only half way through. it's like spawn it will supply our planet with some lights for another 4 and a half 1000000000 years. however, it will only lose a 1000. so if it's mass during its unimaginably long existence, once it's been tough, it's hydrogen. the sun will turn into a so called red giant, becoming huge, heat, bloated, and harling 10 to 20 percent of its mass into space. then it will have reached the end of its life, as we know,

it will already of time the us into a whole that on it the that was this week's episode of tomorrow today, whether you've been watching on your phone or tablet or tv, we have you enjoyed the shows, see you next time. state curious by the

can climate change be hacked? advocates of new technologies claims science can stuff global warming, the wheels smart ideas, save the planets. what's the real story behind c o. 2 capture high tech fixes for the climate to stop. in 15 minutes on d,

w, shift your guide to life in the digital world. to explore the latest online, trying to navigate your way through the digital jungle. get a global perspective, will be your guide and show you what's possible. you decide what really matters to you. shift in 45 minutes on dw, the little guys. this is the 77 percent the platform for these issues and share ideas the, you know, or the so now we're not

a great to catch and then the topic applicants population is moving fast. and young people clearly have the solutions. the future is 77 percent every weekend on the w b s, b, i c, i a and most of has been hunting for 20 years. the song of a k, a colleague is considered the most dangerous time we fund way was sort of the as we say, the poster child for the, the corporation problem. and then it is said, no one has ever seen a stone in the side of the super powers, the world's most dangerous. the frontage task june 29

on dw, the business dw news live from the ukraine claims new advances and it's confir offensive against occupying russian russian full bomb. most kyle hits back with a deadly strike on the residential building. and what other means of entity is hometown also on the appropriate home and us president donald trump pass to appear in court in miami to face the most serious charges against them. yet since accused of holding top secret.