of the residents and ross dawn, dawn awoke to startling scenes on saturday. mercenaries from the wagner group station on the streets. their leader of guinea for goshen says he wants to oust rushes, military leadership marching. a significant escalation of inciting between the 2 sides. president vladimir putin urged wagner mercenaries to a band and the uprising and said, decisive action will be taken to stabilize the situation and rust off on don in a televised address. you buy them with these 2 a couple options, but split to now unity are in abandonment. of l people of outcome raids in arms who are now fighting in the front is this is just enough. this is a step in the back about country and out people. and you know, from one that one of the ocean has accused rushes military leadership of launching, strikes on his troops and says, they are deceiving the president, you know,

why are they still hope that they can win this war? but as long as there is no management, no military success is the leadership of the administrative defense as carefully deceiving the president and the president receives those reports that do not correspond to reality in any way. so there are 2 agendas for the one on the ground . on the other, on the president's desk, the, the wagner group has played a key role in rushes in the ukraine, emboldened by games on the battlefield, like here and back move. promotions, criticism of the kremlin had been growing ever louder. that criticism now becoming a major threat to moscow and its entire military leadership correspondence. romantic on southern coal joins us now with the latest. hello, romano, for gordon claims, his troop 710 russian territories, specifically,

rust on done. and now we're hearing about the neighboring borough and as region. what more can you tell us? this is jason is developing very, very exhaust the latest which i've seen on social media. and these are of course, most get unconfirmed reports of footages of explosives and shootings near the headquarters of the russian army in the russ stuff and on. so it looks like um, the russian army special forces are trying to break down on what president protein called an armed mutiny trees. and so about there is no, i haven't seen any reports about heavy fighting. so we have sporadic, it'd be a book, it's a flight team. and, and the wagner, a troops presumably trying to move towards moscow. but it's a, it's a long way and these are hundreds of miles and on the russian army. we've also seen footages from moscow from the capital. there are some forces trying to, to,

to stop them there. so they are pulling up the russian forces. the big question is, of course, how much um, uh, russian minutes it has inside the country. dual credit cut down on the, on this to, to, to bring this to. and then because most forces the russia has, are now deployed in your brain. and we are also hearing the reports that some of them are being pulled out from your brain to now fight the progression mercenaries . so because it's very difficult to situation, of course, for the russian army in ukraine, at just a quick one on what you just said, i use somehow suggesting that russia, i mean, not have enough forces to stop the back. now, a good from approaching must go. i don't know exactly this is, this is the big question. i do not know the answer is we don't not know, but what you've seen in the past weeks when you bring and forces and maybe, um, well, in the past weeks we've seen the russians coming from your brain into 3. fighting

into both the region of belgrade. um saying that uh, some of them uh, russian nationalists or some of them are even, you know, fascists or neo nazis. anyway, that's the show that the border is opened on. there are hardly any, any forces the left to protect the russian cities from such an incursion from ukraine in tetra by. russian citizens armed russian citizens probably supported by it by ukraine. and that, that is, that is the answer to a question. we do not know how many forces are there around the russian capital. there must be something, but we don't know how many precaution anyway. has a lot of uh, soldiers on his side. we didn't know exactly how many, but the uh, the, the, the situation came to this point where they are moving in cohens towards the stuff on the, on, towards the reasons like the, or on yes and maybe a re towards moscow is shelby is assigned that may be rational doesn't have enough

to stop them. so they somehow believe that the system is very, very stable and it is not the best of the bus hours have shown that the russian power system is not stable. and it is now shaking like it spits and it's never been shaken before, maybe during the checks and what we've seen, something like this. but it's over 20 years now. and everybody has forgotten how it is to have a real civil war inside russia. and that the tang so moving you here short still had a club just being shut down or military plains being shut down tanks in this, in the towns in the sense of the big russian cities. we haven't seen pictures like that for, for many, many years. and it's a shock, it's a shop. and many, many people fear the trash or might subside into a civil war like a 100 years ago when in 1917, 1919, after the 1st world war, during the 1st world war, the worst was over going on. and there was a, there was

a revolution in russia and yeah, and then there was a super well, very bloody civil war. yeah. do you have your correspondence, romano, going to wrangle will be hearing loss on you late on an issue. thank you very much . that's now across to the pallet. caution of who was russia's prime minister from 2000 to 2004 in vladimir putin fast administration. now he's with the opposition people's freedom party in a rush. jackie joins me now from the law to be on top of to read hello and welcome to the program. say, what's your reaction to the extraordinary events that i've i'm folded over the past few hours to oh, such stance on such a conflict was inevitable. that's upsetting to the case, most of which i'm creative is stronger to himself. he left his friend regarding just to be stronger and stronger during those months. he'd tried to do lines on the road just he just created the instrument. that's because castle pricing,

military and come a, this doesn't change the rules and the right now this conflicts ip to be too serious . and that's what for me, is the point on best, the all new way to suppress these, these huge and then the, that's i, he's morning order just to post. they stopped the criminal case against, but it was a and he is order to suppress it. that's what should be implemented. so that's what we will see when are these all the won't be amended by special forces within 2 days . if not, there isn't collapse stuff. i think just and they have it so many. there is invo collapse. but the speed though because depends so oh for that's the pricing go, the is cool. and secondly, of success of ukrainian and battlefield, we of cause all see that. so boy, jim, create a problems for the country, for people in russia. and now do all of that stuff. that's okay. i mean, you know, definitely making this sound very sales. how much of a threat is this?

is this spend of a to put in power or if it will not be, it will not be suppressed within 2 days. that the seat is search for me is to put in with him. so it's very serious challenge. now just there is no other bite, graham, you know, for all people who speakers who just couldn't be expressed their position starting with the ministers. so gone and i stopped regions and recruiting, dip it yourself, doing what they call and just making the statements for a while to, to me is the point to at least to come there are forces said just express, gives us standard of learning, give them use the porch and ready ask you said sam, excuse me, to, to the troops to arrest off and on, just to suppress the mutation you will see they've develop we don't know. busy how it will develop with them to base by the to there's not more easily,

but it's not finished. use the board you already in big, big problems given your past experience, working with vladimir putin and your familiarity with him. what approach could he take going forward? so he's taken just very serious. he made this is joyce to suppress all this. now all this cool. and that means does, he will all the all available sources those to the store is of course they didn't want to the blog post this morning, but we will see what's happening later later today. and tomorrow i've seen just regarding, don't stop all he's of duration. now it's a, it means just that the, the, the bloody of duration would be tomorrow. i think this is the only way for me is to put them to slice. otherwise he's power will be diluted, and people around see him,

stuff to radius. see him as a week. the leaves are about to be president who is not live there anymore. and simply simply just the fanatics in just a blinds of bus. he's in by, he's in unity, and that's what to be visual. so he should do, must say the straw hat, that's what we will see today and tomorrow. so what i have as the russian populations found in all of this, the rest of the less than just very much, just divide it then they don't they, they cannot do innocent. grandma just, that's mr. fortune spent 20 years to create the proteins to optimize just old people, just they, they don't have any conflict of, of tv to me support you on spend 20 is to press people so that they will never think about just color defections just to protect the constitutional rights that's why people, right? no, i can't do anything. what we can see golf course is that these are that these problems

on the so called or what includes a for me is the point to will not be able to the in just short periods of time to settle. the program is pretty going in the skis, most people will uh, will not implement begins the bank uh, or those just in the, in the, in the appropriate manner. that means just the beginning of the ends of which i'm seriously. so while all of this is going on best though, i don't go in war in ukraine, what does this mean for that? what kind of rush i really afford fighting on 2 fronts, against ukrainian troops and against wagner in russia. of course, the main problem will put you on this law against the graeme, and that is the major 3 go full collapse of his resume. it means success of comfortable offensive abrasion of the ground on the battlefield. but the bottom, the case should be looked as not as, as a great stuff compared with this defeats on the, on the,

on the front with the green. that's why just i'm saying if within 2 days that's been set full the issue with regardless, it's means that the purpose of the guys just though that he wasn't, he's was a defense against comfortable friends of what the original are we grant would not be so strong it means just when we come up, so there is a way we will be watching on a 2 day that's a crucial point. and so i'm just a bunch of to suppress this huge any or from uh our guys but for goes on and then will be another problem to success will be granular, a duration on the bottle. so that would be another way to just strong key conclusions or using okay, from a rational prime minister mikhail akashi on of thank you very much. thank you as a possible, bring to you all the latest on the time while in nebraska, in the coming hours about the states you end up next is doc film with that is the

fact that you're offering these. yeah. remember you can get your news. 247 on our website. that's the www dot. com and on social media hondo. is that the w and use i, i'm eddie micah jr. states into the w. we have more news at the top of the out. the can you hear the, we are all set. we are watching close all the to bring you the story behind the new your own about on volume information for free might say due to name done

in june only 2021 amazon and found a just space. this is aerospace company, blue origin launched its 1st trip for space tourists on board was the controversial entrepreneur himself this night announced it about 10 minutes. the real kit show top over a 100 kilometer is high enough to pass and just to experience the whiteness next 9 days or the participating in a which should brenson handle signal extend to space with his space flight companies, virgin galactic the well 1st commercial space flights shuffling tourists to the edge of us must be at the beginning of a new era in space. the

imagine trend i meant it's the 2028, a european new no land has just reached the moon's south pole, where it's deployed separately. rufus, the, the job is to much see areas and collect tend to analyze samples my gloves. it's important to this exploratory mission within just a few months astronauts from nasa, the european space agency and private companies will touch down here. technology hasn't come this far yet. but experts believe scenarios like this one could soon be reality. one thing, 2nd, a new space race has begun. my mom's name is i mean v license and i'm from the

german aerospace center in the institute of robotics and make a tronics one few. and we're here at the arches demonstration mission systems. this one. in june 2022, i mean, visa and mold and 50 international scientists conducted research on the cities mount etna, inside. and one of them here were demonstrating how we could use robots to support a space supplement into boss a, a permanent, based on the moon. and how we conduct scientific exploratory tasks. all same thing . this is the opposite based group. this is our arches base case with $422.00 foot containers. hang on to me. i'm try control. we have 3 control, right. and a living container you off ahead is our communications contains on what we got. so what's, what's your colleagues are still adjusting some settings or the bye? bye meat. that's a pin. researches from the gym and aerospace center spent 5 years preparing for

this mission. for going down there, you can see the exploration camp where we're carrying out the mission. that's where the land are and, and we have to walk 250 meters every day to with a 70 meter change and altitude. a game itself, testing is where it an altitude of 2600 meters. additional colleagues are always panting on their way down the gate. volcanic rock is fresh us, untouched by a race of forces. it's the us landscapes that most closely makes the surface of a faraway planet to. it's not back, i can say she wants to know as well suited for morris and lunar exploration mission . and because we're running a technical test of our systems, of, of it's especially important to have this fine granular da signed coming by this a brace of material as eve that way. but for technical systems are truly getting exposed to the limitations as even have to withstand the refusing on give them all because this listen to some of us doing this sonata. so in this scenario,

the lender has touched down and the planet surfaces you can understand. so that's why we only really have an observation controls over here once controlled sample. the team arrived 2 weeks ago to test out the roof is the ability to navigate extremely dusty terrain. the that goes to map and says a at $250000.00 square me through area on aetna, surface the order for humans to survive on other planets. one day scientific missions like these need to succeed more than 6 decades ago, government space agencies started sending people into space. the

fund july, the 16th 1969 apollo 11 launched from nasa's kennedy space. center expectations were in ruptured. who would be the 1st to non, to pass, and on the moon for days late to some 650000000 people around the world with glue to the televisions. as the news came in, the united states had won the race the but just a few years later though in 1972 nessa discontinued its crude missions to the moon . for reasons of cost. to date only 12 people have set foot on them in the major search he is 20. 20 was

another day that went down in history. american astronaut spell bank and douglas honey launched from cape canaveral, heading to the international space station. the i ss this mission was special for the 1st time in the history of space travel, the capsule transporting the 2 men had not been developed and built by a government space agency. wowza. it came from a private company and marked the spouse of a new era for government agencies like nasa in the united states. the my name is still mcallister and i'm the director of commercial space at nasa headquarters. right now what we're seeing is in space there's just

a tremendous amount of opportunity, but nobody's exactly sure. what's going to be the real money maker. obviously we're are seeing transportation. we see people make money at that. but then when they get into space, what can they do? what are things that are really going to make money? and i don't think anybody knows for certain what that's going to be is just their 1st step to doing more in boulder things. so i think the companies that are offering this capability to de version galactic blue origin space x they, this is just the 1st step to a larger grand or vision of what they want to accomplish. the commercial space companies say making mas, habitable for humans. this one, this, the ad goals and outspoken champion of this concept is basic, so not even mosque the controversial be, you know, has played an outside role in triggering the current space. then the,

there really to fundamental past history is going to bite the k 12 directions. 111 path is we stay on earth forever. and then there will be some eventual extinction event. and i don't have an immediate doomsday prophecy, but this is eventually, history is just, it will be some incentives event. the alternative is to become a space, bring civilization, and a multi plan. it's b c's, which i hope you would agree that is the right way to go. according to most saving human and see begins with traveling to models. so space x wants to send crude flights to the red planet before the end of this decades. and even stop building human settlements. that money from a purely geophysical perspective, i think he's right. it's only a matter of time before the next major catastrophe will strongly go. yeah, if i'm placement the best, an important question remains. how will all these ideas work in practice?

my number, my name is christina. hi nica, i'm a researcher at the center of applied space technology and micro gravity. my research focused it's hypertension on the question of how humans can survive on the moon. most of us, less deal body will even kind of stand behind because has real world experience trying to answer this question. she spent 366 days on laws, not the real one, of course, but a spouse on us with a similar to rain. the volcano mountain and the on the island of hawaii, the she and 5 other scientists from different countries lived together as positive, nothing as high seas experiment. communication with the outside world who has any possible via email. and so it'd be true on the real mas, but the time delay venturing outside was any committed with the space saved. but even a simulation like this one only scratches the surface of the challenges,

living on mas would present, using advertising. this habitats was primarily aimed at psychological studies. it was quite fancy, kind of like what you to match in a mazda have beautiful white dome and a model like landscape. i mean, but when it comes to the technicalities, it's habitat, wilson is very realistic. and if we actually wanted to fly to mazda of the moon, we need to have a chance that was fully operational, something that would really work anybody to that's my christiana hanukkah is collaborating with architects, engineers, and psychologists to build a happy tent for space. the project is cold moon and more space analog. oh man, the official this is what it could look like one day the this is my, my, i've been tied up to the student's google 612 in the month, but happy times. it's amazing if that's the 6 modules. they're all upfront,

simon does arranged in 2 rooms, and it's the opposite the station best at the board tree module a more more then to this 9th, we have a workshop. so because the things are shown to branch on done, and here we have a green have a disconnect. so then the into and behind that in the 2nd group we have the module for living. ok. or again, we have upright filling. does the so it connected to one another and then we have a module for sleeping off and then a kitchen module because we have to eat someone who were so you're guessing then you have and then we have a measured module and then obviously you and then i have an oaks on each side stores and there are 2 by the simple reason that one frank, the crew can still gets out of the hospital. when does conflict and this entire habitat is under a victim made from lucy dawson and rug fetish. this, you will use the numeral to protect the habitat from radiation for that term shuttle the but the

development is still in the early stages. fundamental questions remain unanswered. how with the knife support system look, how would the into face and equipment look so that everyone could operate them, which is the ideal ceiling height. christiana hind to come into team has built a life size wooden model, and if the borrower tree module to try and work out questions like these numbers, i'm have you talked concept mid themes, mrs. number is a happy time constant designed to make it possible to fly to the moon and actually this them. and as i put them on the should also be a habitat when people feel comfortable inside with you and using types with the only ones investigating the question of how to construct a habitat. is it technically functional? and then actually building testing and o phone on test one. it could take 20 years before a station like mine,

but can be built in space. but these findings from raymond gemini, could be put to immediate use here on this semester. the fall of dom us to run, leaving us and all that we need to survive on most of the same things we can use here on us. i need a system that cleans the air and recycle that. so i need to system the teams. the waterfront recycles it, and this is if we were to learn a thing or 2 from us, and we could live sustainably here on us to i just need the us johnny to most also poses major challenges for such as then the red tenants something to say i leaves humans exposed to deadly cosmic mediation, and the problems does get more difficult from that. my name is standard waltz. i'm an astronomer. i work here at nasa goddard space flight center. if we want to go to mars, we have to learn how to work in an environment that is very unfriendly,

where we literally have to bring our own atmosphere, our, our, our own resources. and the best way that we, we could actually understand how to work in that environment is to work in a nearby environment. that's not that there's something that happens to be the lunar surface, the so the world's major space agencies tend to look to the moon. these days, many wish to repeat the success of the apollo landing. the, the reason is simple. proximity the distance from us to the moon is on average 384000 kilometer has. that's about so i see time see us diameter depending on its position in orbit. malls is between 56 and 400000000 kilometers away. in the best case scenario, the journey to the red ton, it would take 6 months for that reason alone,

the moon comes cheap from a purely economical standpoint. the trip takes just 3 days and requires a fraction of the fuel. a shuttle service between us and the moon might even be feasible. thanks to advance has an aerospace technology. the d. o g is mission, caraway doubts on mountain there in 2022 is one of many that help was such as best to understand the news. here the team is testing, move the prototype, allow you to design to explore, unfamiliar and difficult to access, terrain the rover. navigate so to mislead, identifying objects of interest and collecting samples. this task is especially delicate. the allow you to should deploy

a laser module to analyze the surface samples that has collected so far. the task has never been carried down successfully when, if it doesn't work and the um, crashes into the cameras and people have to start all of us. well, so you know, for the phone on the look, good morning. i'm going to design this up on another se area. that's how it goes in scientific research. some days it works some days it doesn't really the gums, i get one's dates. one, we must end down here all day waiting for something to work on that. and then

finally it's just about to work. and then there's some error again. and then it starts all over again and well, that can be a bit the motivating team, which when you're always standing here waiting for a now something works the next. and then the next era pops up again. but yeah, step by step by step by step tests, missions like these costs millions and have no direct financial benefits. a risk most profit driven companies would never take want to do so taking a little game on it is an eviction without these technologies. without this development and that you see here, commercial ventures wouldn't exist at all of these investments. they're based on these advancements and knowledge. and it often happens that people train here that then end up working in commercial institute. so in implement celia and split the viking space x may be sending the rockets, but the technology required for space exploration is developed at the expense of the state 2021 month to record year of government spending on space programs. and

that's the investment is and the growing the china is pouring money into space exploration and did some of the g as a new big player among the traditional space palace. the chinese ways i was investigating the launch the unexplored fall side of the meeting . i did so ready sent samples back to us, another res i reached a mazda and has now transmitted sophie's and sound files. china is also building its own space station view and what's your that's usually the one of the reasons for the station a simple we do not all to do 1st or do how technology is ready to do that on the 2nd, 2 or 3, want to be a strong space nationwide, so you want me off the so we need to expand our potential to send people into space

. tons, well you also, i'm calling about some point of that. we need to venture deeper into space so that we can use space peacefully. what are your folks into your thoughts that the chinese faced ation number ready in width and the 1st take you know, what's a time used for chinese students? they've already visited the in march 2021. china assigned a memorandum of understanding with rushes space agency rust caused some us to build a joints luminous station. the label race to the moon is in full swing once again. yeah, there might be a little bit of a race, right. who is going to establish the values in the framework of how we're going to operate in space. i think we would like those values to reflect our current values here in the united states. and to be able to do that. you need to be able to be out there. there are some states that share knowledge openly. there are other states that are very, very secretive about what they're doing,

why they're doing it and the results. so i think there's always going to be a tension between these 2. that's my goal is as all the documents and the uh, so i'm very concerned about this. i don't, i think we use european so absolutely must be prepared to act or else. so i missed the boat and i don't so by why a human so fascinated by space in the 1st place. to date some 600 men and women have actually traveled to space. we aust, one of them. my name is kayla baron. i'm a active duty naval officer suffering more for officer and a nasa astronaut kane, a baron was the 600 and the 1st person in space. she spent $176.00 days on the international space station. it's incredible. it's actually pretty hard to describe . there's are so many exciting moments, whether that's launch transfer, race space slash, robotic operations,

science campaigns. it's a humbling experience and a huge privilege to be a part of the team. the when i 1st floor to the end of the space station, i think i was just overwhelmed by the visual experience because we use every surface. but the space stations is just packed with stock computers cables. it took a while for my brain to understand, you know, what was useful information that i needed to pay attention to. and what was sort of the background visual clutter. the sense of how big the structure is. these are the models that we actually are living in working inside. so when you see video from us inside, we're inside these pressure as models. but then you can also see the on pressure section of a space station. this huge trust that primarily supports the solar radiator. so

that's how we get our get rid of piece. um but it's big and i think you're especially getting an appreciation for that when you go outside to work on it. and it's kind of byron did just that twice. in fact, each time she worked for about 7 hours, just 3 images of space said separate to tell from the rest of the universe. when you look out the window, these views are incredible. but you know, you're looking at a window and there's something about being in a space suit. that's really cool because when you look out your advisor, there's nothing in your peripheral vision. and so you really are like, i'm out in the vacuum of space in this tiny space suit, almost tiny thing on this giants space station, just zooming around the planet. when you look up and taking those incredible views, it just takes your breath away. many asked, who knows, who has seen us from this extraordinary perspective,

described the experience as transformative, the seeing the planet from that perspective. change is everybody the 1st time i looked at the earth, seeing it as this inner connected organisms with all these different eco systems, all these different species living all over the planet. i think it really made me as an individual human being. i feel like i was a steward of the planet, you just feel really amazed at. c or if even exists and that we get to exist on it, the, i think going to space really sparks this child like wonder,

you discover the world all over again, you know, living in this unique environment floating around, getting to play with water in space. i think we all felt like kids, a lot of the time when you get to space, you have to learn how to move around to get and how to go to the bathroom, how to eat, how to get water. like all these things that we takes for granted in our day to day adult lives down here. you have to re learn up there. so yeah, definitely made me feel like a kid and give them a lot of ways the, the international space station has been moved between some 400 kilometer is above the for more than 20 years. it's retirement is planned for the end of 20. so see, well the, the exact dates has not yet been determined. the experience of living in space is something private. aerospace companies now want to offer too many more people for a price a private company in houston,

texas is one of them. the mat under, i'm the chief technology officer for act, same space. extra space is primary business models to build the 1st commercial space station, which is incredibly complicated. the concept is kind of the basic idea is to utilize the infrastructure. if the i ss gradually looking for new modules on, so it is more of its own station, but we're able to leverage certain resources on the i assess, for example, we'll get power from the i assess early so it makes it easier to build a space station when you're building it off of the ice, since it's like a going camping, but you've got running water electricity. this is our entire station. the 1st 2 modules plus the 3rd module, which is dedicated to research manufacturing. and then the power thermal module,

the earth observatory, these are the largest space windows ever attempted. there are about 2 meters by one meter. that's where all the as ramp pictures will be taken is from 0 to 0, tori. nice series. supposing this project with $140000000.00 us dollars, but that building is essentially a hind, the exclusive space hotel. here's a mock up of our crew quarters. so this is where they are sure i will sleep, get some private time. they have a window that looks appears to be pretty amazing. and then of course they have a infotainment center where they can monitor the station important to be able to kind of get away from the rest of the crew every once in a while, i always say the, the inside of the internet space station looks like a crazy person's garage, there's just stuff everywhere and some of that is because it's of all over many years and wasn't always planned to be how it is now. we're

a little beyond that where we're leveraging a lot of experience from the i assess so we will be able to build our commercial space station. the $41100.00, the cost of what it took to build the i assess, we're not trying to solve science problems. we're not trying to solve technology problems. it's really an engineering problem. and so when you're solving engineering problems, it's so a lot less costly to do that if you're trying to break through on some fundamental physics axiom space. so ready completed one mission. in april 2020 to 3, investors was sent into space along with foam and nasa astronaut to michael lopez. alegria the estimated price for a single tickets. $55000000.00 us dollars the well they have the private test or no, it's kind of we down to the set of experiments that might not have otherwise been possible the but most everything ran seamlessly

as government of the mission vicinity. by this time, there were moments that surprised me, sped thousands of people. we said no feedback was for future private mission loads and some things will need to be modified. i'll put it that way it bends or that they could only carry out their experiments with our help and mit ones, which meant we sacrificed our working time to help with their experiment. you're the experimentalist. they have to stand. there was a lot of learning and figuring things out on both sides and all and a long process for seeing a lot more countries interested in flying country astronauts. so i think our station we filled with a mix of country astronauts, there might be astronaut us from particular companies. and then we help to that we're the place where nasa sends it's asked or not to do work to if you look historically, since the beginning of the space age, probably about 500 people have phones of space about 95 percent of them have been government employees, i think going forward, it's going to be an order of magnitude more like $5000.00. and the vast majority of

them are going to be private citizens as opposed to government employees. and this is the start or of that right now. in 20 years, we're going to look back historically at this time that you and i are living in right now and said, yeah, that was the turning point. that's when things really started to change. if you're a hammer, you tend to see everything as a nail. you know, if you're working in the commercial sector, you, you see everything as a process line. and i think that if that sensibility of space exploration as a business endeavor becomes the dominant, same rather than scientific exploration. then i think we have problems, missions to mars and private space stations receive a lot of attention. but the space worlds main activity is not quite so glamorous. placing satellites in space, the biggest undertakings of stone link and one web. those are designed to encircle us and deliver a low cost satellite internet. i know that project is your ups and navigation

satellite system got a layer of the satellites, the permanent, the o between the us and delivering navigation data. there are about $5700.00 at to start tonight circling the us right now. twice that number retired and just become space debris. when it comes to basic bucket propulsion little has changed since the mid 20th century. there are 2 technologies, solid propellant engines and liquid propellant engines in solid propellant systems. the propellant has a solid mass in the engine in liquid propellant systems. the propellant is a liquid outside. the engine once ignited the reaction of a solid rock. it cannot be stopped. similar to fireworks on new year's eve

in the liquid propellant engine chemical components that carried in separate tank. sensitive to the actual and jan. this analysis trust regulation meaning that the drive can be controlled during flight. the best performing propellant is made by combining liquid hydrogen, undulate could oxygen the legendary space shuttle combined solid, undulate, quit for parents. the 2 white. so need to rotate the stairs on the rim palette, most of the stuffing thrust ones ample, and they would just as and, and continued flight to was taken over by liquid propulsion. the catches liquid rocket some more expensive, more complex and more prone to failure than solid propellant rockets and so many decades. they were only suited for one time. yes. it's like taking an airplane, a $737.00 and flying it from new york to california. one time and then dropping it

in the ocean. it makes no economic sense. nobody would be able to afford a plane ticket if you did that every single time. but that's what we're doing in the space industry. we knew it wasn't the best way and we knew eventually were usability was going to make a big impact. private enterprises needed to make liquid propellant rockets, re usable the in 20151 company succeeded space x. the space x was able to do was get reuse the ability to the point where they could quickly and easily and cost effectively turnaround their hardware and fly it again . and that brought the costs down. dramatic financial

reasons, basics and blue origin accounting and reuse. the ability them looking real kits returned to us afternoons then stand by so take off on another day, the 2 a cheese they say needs to be a pint of symbols, rockets. we use the board propulsion technology and the guarantee of a safe landing the, the cost of transporting a kilogram of coal go into low us little bit has been drastically reduced by these innovations. that has been a major accomplishment that fits has shown that the private sector is mature enough to take on some of the challenges of going into space working in space and actually turning a profit from it. i think the profit motive is

a big incentive for progressing faster, deeper into space. and i'm, i'm glad that that you'll finally take an interest of this spends eps smith. i'm i myself, have flown with a private provider and i'm with space x and the recycled rocket. and it was a good feeling for me knowing that the rocket flies up. you said that the lands again and we'll be re you is do that instead of becoming space debris, i'm showing afterwards my colleagues, samantha christoph, are ready. okay. i'm up to the space station with the exact same rockets that had gone up and i think that's terrific. if you don't, but this is the right way and statistically the, the most extensive research you still primarily conducted by government agencies like nasa, the european space agency or the gym, and aerospace center. not kia roan mountain. with the day i research drive. the most idea shown, if you look at idea, you can see here that we have a total of 4 cameras. each building 2 stereo has. and with that it can be saved

great depths. it flies with only camera systems and i am you sense is i am you, i am you is excel or amazes on gyros codes. it's kind of like the, you know, you and humans. so we thought they are, we can not only conduct the planetary exploration on the surface, but we can also fly into a lot of cases and explore other cases as well. and who am i follow the task successfully? and marcus miller and his team has been working on this technology for mold in a decades, months through the addressing mobiles, the environments in real time offering 3 d visibility. so this is essentially the brain of idea that it contains all the computational components and the cameras to the cost. so it's kind of the eyes of idea. and on the other side here we have the propulsion system. the drive system of id in front of the roads is a still on able to if we were on the new now we wouldn't have any edit. that means we would need a different propulsion system and we'd use jet. and that's how we,

from the, for a system like audio works without gps, instead utilizing its own measurements census. the goal is to drones, to one day navigate of the planet. so turn in the sea and mount the surfaces here on mount aetna. the drone is deployed to study the terrain to us initially what well is now acting up. the theme is trying to get the drone to fly again. but so far without any luck to somebody this cause to be, i'm looking for the problem is that we flew once and it happens every now and then that we see slight anomalies. and that they copy that goes slightly into the pitch . so it makes almost a $45.00 to $50.00 degree pitch tonne and then crashes to be a month. and then after the close is simple, the wind is just too strong. even concerning this wind speed here as well as

a 10 meters per 2nd on average wind and the gosset's. so we'll epithet he made is to say inside of that time, the system just isn't designed for that phone to not finish. always colleagues producing bins for now the research is have no choice but to take the measurements from the grounds. it's so frustrating compromise. so we can do that. that's still a long way to go and an extraordinary amount of effort needed before the technology can be deployed in space. consistency of items moving, we're here to explore and advanced technology in spite of supply them. our vision is that we can achieve more by using heterogeneous robots over time. different types of robots, then we can with just one system sustain besides few come, we believe that combining robots with different skills. we can solve the testament better, you know, dislike when different people work together. combined engineers,

of scientists and technicians. i'm in other technologies still being tested for future space missions. but some of them are already thinking beyond that. my numbers, my name is mathias linked to. i'm the director of the luxembourg space agency. let's say it just for me and i've been involved in the development of the space tech this year in luxembourg for many years. the small country was one. it's one of the world's largest producers of steel. today, election book is a driving play behind a new idea space mining to get the principal results as existing stages, everything you find on us, you can also find in space. that means if humans expand out into the solar system, allows to the moon light it to mazda and maybe at some point even further, it just makes sense that you use the local resources. what's one possible targets? meteorites containing platinum and gold. the moon contains ram and the rules. it

also has frozen more to that could be used to produce fuel and reasonable. and then there are the so called of m type asteroids. these contain precious room materials that could in turn be used in future space projects. so now the results is in space seem infinite. most of the science fiction stories i read in high school and middle school. we're all about, you know, families that, that bought their own rocket and went up to the asteroid belt in mind. and you know, did stuff like that? i think it's kind of cool. but the, the problem is that, that, and it's not like those resources are going to come back to the yours listing. it all sounds like science fiction. at 1st, it's really more of a long term endeavor and will happen on a relatively small scale. let's say in the next 10 years, then bit by bit, it will continue. in the coming decades, new markets will emerge in dunlab. i'm not interested in the search for space resources could become a booming business. in 2017 luxembourg adopted

a legal framework to mine room materials and space becoming only the 2nd country off to the united states. to do, says the host is this will enable exclusive access to this new potential markets and items that kind of voice in one cell, no one owns out of spaces, but it gets murky when it comes to the results is out that if you fly to the moon and take a rock and process it or you drill for water and use it. things start to get complicated. this means we absolutely need an international framework that can effectively us it in these technical advancements and can repeatedly be modified as needed the light and come on and off. and it's quite clear that a single luxemburg law cannot be the solution. and i'm assuming this looks more because that's just the loose on the sign come the european space agency has also become involved in the near future. the agency

hopes to study and extract to roll new new materials. so that's like a joystick. so you click on it with a mouse night. a gold rush could be on the horizon and a new era of commercialism in space. will europe be positive? the race is and devices, europe is on the one hand for leader and space. i believe when it comes to satellites, 1st observation and navigation, we have very strong programs explode on in the field of exploration. and astronaut x, we're always in the shadow, wasn't there? so not then honest. i think europe has to be braver problems. we shouldn't let this new space development, which we see in the united states pass us by and with us if we act in europe, can also be world class. and as soon as you got me by the

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