tv New Space Deutsche Welle June 25, 2023 4:15am-5:01am CEST
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this is an all the input u, v w story. now, on to the, on the i, c, i a, and most of us have been home for 20 years. the song b, a k, a colleague, the most dangerous times we fund way was sort of the as we say, the poster child for the, the proliferation problem assigned to them. and then it is said, no one has ever seen a sold in the side of the superpowers fugitive right now. the world's most dangerous. where is, is wanted dogs june 29 on dw, the
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in july 2021. amazon found a just basis is aerospace, company blue origin launched it 1st trip. first space tourist on board was the controversial entrepreneur himself. the moment this night announced at about 10 minutes, the real kit show top over a 100 kilometer is high enough to pass. and just to experience the whiteness this 9 days or the british billionaire, which brenson handles signal extend to space with his space like company, virgin galactic, the world's 1st commercial space flights. shuffling tourists to the edge of us miss via or at the beginning of
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a new era in space. the imagine for a moment it's the 2028, a european new no land has just reached the moon's south pole, where it's deployed separately. rufus, the, the job is to much see areas and collect and analyze samples may go out cuz it's important to this explore tree mission. within just a few months astronauts from nasa, the european space agency and private companies will touch down here.
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technology hasn't come this far yet, but experts believe scenarios like this one could soon be reality. one thing, 2nd, a new space race has begun. my mom's name is i mean a lot, but since i'm from the german aerospace center in the institute of robotics and make a tron excellency. and we're here at the arches demonstration mission such on this one in june 2022. i mean, visa and more than 50 international scientists conducted research on societies mount etna inside and one of them here view them were demonstrating how we could use robots to support a space. settlement into boss, say a permanent, based on the moon, and how we conduct scientific exploratory tasks. all same thing is the opposite based group. this is our arches base can with for $22.00 foot containers. lean on to be, i'm sorry. can we have 3 control, right? in the living container, you know, if my head is, are communicate since contains on what we got. so that's what the colleagues are
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still adjusting some settings by pop our meat, that's a pin. research is from the gym and aerospace center spent 5 years preparing for this mission. for that one down there, you can see the exploration campus where we're carrying out the mission. that's where the land are, and we have to walk a 250 meters every day to with a 70 meter change and altitude a game. and so seeing is where it and altitude of 2600 meters additional colleagues are always panting on their way to the gate. volcanic rock is fresh us, untouched by a race of forces. it's the us landscapes that most closely mimics the surface of a far away planet. to. it's not back, i can say she wants to know, as well suited for mars and lunar exploration mission. and because we're running a technical test of our systems of, of c, it's especially important to have this fine granular da signed come about this abrasive material as eve. that way to our technical systems are truly getting
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exposed to the element is a see even have to withstand the refusal don't give them all because this listen decent of us doing this sonata speeds. in this scenario, the lender has touched down and the planet surfaces you can understand. so that's why we only really have an observation controls over here once controlled sent home . the team arrived 2 weeks ago to test out the re visibility to navigate extremely dusty terrain. the that goes to map and says a, a $250000.00 square me to area on aetna, surface the in order for humans to survive on other planets. one day science if emissions like
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these need to succeed within 6 decades ago, government space agencies started sending people into space. the fund july, the 16th 1969 apollo relapse and launched from nasa's kennedy space center spec titusville in ruptured. who would be the 1st to non to person on the moon? for days late to some 650000000 people around the world with glue to the televisions. as the news came in, the united states had won the race the on the but just a few years nice. so in 1972 nessa discontinued its crude missions to the moon for
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reasons of cost to date only 12 people have set for to him in the may this is 2020 was another day that went down in history. american astronaut spell bank and douglas honey launched from cape canaveral, heading for the international space station. the i ss this mission was special for the 1st time in the history of space travel. the capsule transporting the 2 men had not being developed and built by a government space agency. wowza. it came from a private company and marked the spouse of a new era for government agencies like nasa in the united states. the
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the my name is stone. mcallister and i'm the director of commercial space at nasa headquarters. right now what we're seeing is in space there's just a tremendous amount of opportunity, but nobody's exactly sure what's going to be the real money maker? obviously we're are seeing transportation. we see people make money at that, but then when they get into space, what can they do? what are things that are really going to make money? and i don't think anybody knows for certain what that's going to be is just their 1st step to doing more and older things. so i think the companies that are offering this capability to de version galactic blue origin space x they. this is just the 1st step to a larger gland or vision of what they want to accomplish. the commercial space companies say making mas, habitable for humans. this one is the ad goals. and outspoken champion of this concept is space 6. so not even mosque the controversial be, you know,
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has played an out sized role in triggering the current space. the really 2 fundamental past history is going to bite the k 12 directions. 111 pap is we stay on earth forever. and then there will be some eventual extinction event, and i don't have an immediate doomsday prophecy, but there's, it's eventually histories just, it will be some, it's under the event. the alternative is to become a space, spring civilization, and the multi plan. it's b c's, which i hope you would agree that is the right way to go. according to most saving human and see begins with traveling to most so space x wants to send crude flights to the red planet before the end of this decade. and even stop building humans settlements that many had from a purely geophysical, despite device in keys, right. it's only
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a matter of time before the next major catastrophe will strongly go. yeah, i think that's an important question remains. how will all these ideas work in practice? now my name is christina. hi nika. i'm a researcher at the center of applied space technology in microgravity. my research focus is hypertension on the question of how humans can survive on the moon. most of us, less deal body wasn't even kind of stealing the high nica has real world experience trying to answer this question. she spent 366 days on laws, not the real one, of course, but a spouse on us with a similar to rain, the volcano mountain and the on the island of hawaii. the she and 5 of the scientists from different countries lived together as positive, nothing as high seas experiment. communication with the outside world who has any possible via email. and so it'd be true on the real mas,
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but the time delay venturing outside was any committed with the space saved. but even a simulation like this one only scratches the surface of the challenges, living on mas would present you some advertising. these habitats was primarily aimed at psychological studies. it was quite fancy, kind of like what you to imagine, a mazda have beautiful white dome and, and most like landscape, i mean, but when it comes to the technicalities, it's habitat, wilson is very realistic. and if we actually wanted to fly to mazda of the moon, we need to have a chance that was fully operational, something that would really work, continue nevada. that's why christiana hanukkah is collaborating with architects, engineers, and psychologists to build a happy tent for space. the project is cold moon and more space analog. oh man, the official the, this is what it could look like one day the
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this is my, my i've been tied especially to include or 6 will do in the month, but happy times. it's amazing if that's the 6 modules. they're all upfront, simon does arranged in 2 rooms, and it's the opposite the station best at the board tree module a more more then to this 9th, we have a workshop. so because the things are shown to branch on done, and here we have a green hello, this is correct. so then the into and behind that in the 2nd group, we have the module for living. ok. or again, we have upright filling. does the so it connected to one another and then we have a module for sleep last and then a kitchen module because we have to eat someone who was i guessing then you have and then we have a measured module and then obviously you and then i have an oaks on each side stores and there are 2 by the simple reason that one frank, the crew can still gets out of the hospital. when does conflict, and this entire habitat is under a victim made from lucy dawson and drug,
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was it to fetish? this, you will use the numeral to protect the habitat from radiation for that term shut off the, but the development is still in the early stages. fundamental questions remain unanswered. how with the knife support system look, how would the into face and equipment look so that everyone could operate them, which is the ideal ceiling height. christiana hind to come into team has built a life size wooden model, and if the borrower tree module to try and work out questions like these columbus, i'm have you talked concept mid themes, mrs. number is a happy time constant designed to make it possible to fly to the moon. and actually this them, as i put them on the, should also be a habitats where people feel comfortable inside with you and using types with the only ones investigating the question of how to construct
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a habitat. is it technically functional? and then actually building testing it all phone and testable. it could take 20 years before a station like mine, but can be built in space. but these findings from raymond gemini, could be put to immediate use here on this, the semester, the fall of dom us to run, leaving us and all that we need to survive on most of the same things we can use here on us. i need a system that cleans the air and recycle that i need to system the teams, the waterfront recycle. since this is, if we were to learn a thing or 2 from modules and we could live sustainably here on us to, i just need the us journey to miles also poses major challenges for such as then the red ton, it's something to see a leaves. humans exposed to deadly cosmic mediation. and the problems does get more difficult from that. my name is stan old walt. i'm an astronomer. i work
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here at nasa goddard space flight center. if we want to go to mars, we have to learn how to work in an environment that is very unfriendly, where we literally have to bring our own atmosphere, our, our, our own resources. and the best way that we, we could actually understand how to work in that environment is to work in a nearby environment. that's not that there's something that happens to be the lunar surface, the so the world's major space agencies tend to look to the moon. these days, many wish to repeat the success of the apollo landing. the, the reason is simple. proximity the distance from us to the moon is on average 384000 kilometer has. that's about so i see time see us diameter depending on its position in old bit malls is between
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56 and 400000000 kilometers away. in the best case scenario, the journey to the red ton, it would take 6 months for that reason alone. the moon comes cheap from a purely economical standpoint. the trip takes just 3 days and requires a fraction of the fuel. a shuttle service between us and the moon might even be feasible. thanks to advance is an aerospace technology. the d. o, she is mission, caraway doubts on mountain there in 2022 is one of many that help was such as best to understand the names here. the team is testing, move the prototype, allow you to design to explore, unfamiliar and difficult to access terrain. the rover and navigate so to mislead,
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identifying objects of interest and collecting samples. this task is especially delicate. the allow you to should deploy a laser module to analyze the surface samples that has collected so far, the task has never been carried down successfully. then if it doesn't work and the um, crashes into the cameras and it will have to start all of us. well, so you know, for the phone i'm from the good morning. this is, i'm going to design this up on another se area. that's how it goes in scientific research
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. some days it works some days, it doesn't really the gums, i get one's dates. one, we must stand down here all day waiting for somebody to work on that. and then finally it's just about to work. and then there's some error again, and then it starts all over again and well, that can be a bit the motivating team, which when you're always standing here waiting for a now something works the next. and then the next era pops up again. but yeah, step by step by step by step tests, missions like these costs millions and have no direct financial benefits. a risk most profit driven companies would never take. want to do so take a little game on. it is an eviction without these technologies. without this development and that you see here, commercial ventures wouldn't exist at all of these investments. they're based on these advancements and knowledge. and it often happens that people train here that then end up working in commercial institute. so name is a comment feeler and split
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the ranking space x may be sending the rockets, but the technology required for space exploration is developed at the expense of the state 2021 month to record year of government spending on space programs. and that's the investment is and the growing the china is pouring money into space exploration and did some of the g as a new big player among the traditional space palace. the chinese ways i was investigating the launch the unexplored fall side of the name. and it's already sent samples back to us, another res i reached a mazda and has now transmitted sophie's and sound files. china is also building its own space station view. and what's your, that's usually the one of the reasons for the station a simple we do not all to do is sit down 1st or do how technology is ready to do
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that. on the 2nd 2 or 3, want to be a strong space nationwide. so you want me off the so we need to expand our potential to send people into space. tons, well you also, i'm calling about one of them is we need to venture deeper into space so that we can use space peacefully. what are your folks into your thoughts of the chinese space station number, ready in width and the 1st type, you know, it's a time used for chinese students. they've already visited the in march 2021. china assigned a memorandum of understanding with rushes space agency rust caused some us to build a joints luminous station. the label race to the moon is in full swing once again. yeah, there might be a little bit of a race, right. who is going to establish the values in the framework of how we're going to operate in space. i think we would like those values to reflect our current values here in the united states. and to be able to do that. you need to be able to be out
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there. there are some states that share knowledge openly. there are other states that are very, very secretive about what they're doing, why they're doing it and the results. so i think there's always going to be a tension between these 2 that's my goal is, is i don't want to talk to mrs. b a i. so i'm very concerned about this. i don't, i think we use european so absolutely must be prepared to act or else. so i missed the boat and i don't so by why a human so fascinated by space in the 1st place. to date some 600 men and women have actually traveled to space. we aust, one of them. my name is kayla baron. i'm a active duty naval officer suffering more for officer and a nasa astronaut. kayla baron was the 600 and the 1st person in space. she spent $176.00 days on the international space station. it's incredible. it's actually
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pretty hard to describe. there's are so many exciting moments whether that's launch transfer is face wash, robotic operations, science campaigns. it's a humbling experience and a huge privilege to be a part of the team. the when i 1st floor to the end of the space station, i think i was just overwhelmed by the visual experience because we use every surface. but the space stations is just packed with stuff computers, cables. it took a while for my brain to understand, you know, what was useful information that i needed to pay attention to. and what was sort of the background visual clutter. the sense of how big the structure is. these are the models that we actually are living in working inside. so when you see video from us inside,
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we're inside these pressure as models. but then you can also see the on pressure section of a space station. this huge trust that primarily supports the solar rays and a radiator. so that's how we get get rid of piece. um but it's big and i think you're especially getting an appreciation for that when you go outside to work on it. and to kind of byron did just thoughts twice. in fact, each time she worked for about 7, i was just reading images of space said separate to tell from the rest of the universe when you look out the window, these views are incredible. but you know, you're looking at a window and there's something about being in a space suit. that's really cool because when you look out your advisor, there's nothing in your peripheral vision. and so you really are like, i'm out in the vacuum of space in this tiny space suit on this tiny thing on this giant space station, just zooming around the planet. when you look up and taking those incredible views,
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it just takes your breath away. many asked, who knows, who has seen us from this extraordinary perspective, described the experience as transformative, the seeing the planet from that perspective. change is everybody the 1st time i looked at the earth, seeing it as this inner connected organisms with all these different eco systems, all these different species living all over the planet. i think it really made me as an individual human being. i feel like i was a steward of the planet. you just feel really amazed to that or if even exists and that we get to exist on it.
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the i think going to space really sparks this child like wonder. you discover the world all over again. you know, living in this unique environment floating around, getting to play with water in space. i think we all felt like kids, a lot of the time. he gets a space, you have to learn how to move around to get and how to go to the bathroom, how to eat, how to get water. like all these things that we take for granted in our day to day adult lives down here. you have to re learn up there. so yeah, definitely made me feel like a kid and give them a lot of ways the, the international space station has been moved between some 400 kilometers above the for more than 20 is it's retirement is planned for the end of 2030. although the exact dates has not yet been determined,
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the experience of living in space is something private. aerospace companies now want to offer too many more people. for a price a private company in houston, texas is one of them the mat under i am the chief technology officer for act, same space. extra space is primary business models to build the 1st commercial space station, which is incredibly complicated. the concept is kind of the basic idea is to use an ice, the infrastructure, if the i ss gradually looking for new modules on to it is more of its own station, but we're able to leverage certain resources on the i assess, for example, we'll get power from the i assess early, so it makes it easier to build a space station when you're building it off of the i assess it, it's like
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a going camping, but you got running water. electricity is. this is our entire station. the 1st 2 modules plus the 3rd module, which is dedicated to research manufacturing, and then the power thermal module, the earth observatory, these are the largest space windows ever attempted. there are about 2 meters by one meter. that's where all the as ramping shall be taken. as from there, as reserved are necessary, supposing this project with $140000000.00 us dollars, what that building is essentially a hind, the exclusive space hotel. here's a mock up of our crew quarters. so this is where they ask for. i will sleep get some private time. they have a window that looks at tears should be pretty amazing. and then of course they have a infotainment center where they can monitor the station important to be able to kind of get away from the rest of the crew every once in a while, i always say the inside of the international space station looks like
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a crazy person's garage, there's just stuff everywhere. and so that is because as of all over many years and it wasn't always planned to be how it is now, we're a little beyond that we're, we're leveraging a lot of experience from the i assess. so we will be able to build our commercial space station, the $41100.00, the cost of what it took to build the i assess, we're not trying to solve science problems. we're not trying to solve technology problems. it's really an engineering problem. and so when you're solving engineering problems, it's so a lot less costly to do that if you're trying to break through on some fundamental physics axiom space already completed one mission in april 2020 to $3.00, investors was sent into space along with foam and nasa astronaut to michael lopez alegria the estimated price for a single tickets. $55000000.00 us dollars the
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well they have the private test or no, it's kind of we down to the set of experiments that might not have otherwise been possible the but most everything ran seamlessly. is complemented the mission vicinity. by this time there were moments that surprised management thousands of people. we said our feedback was for future private mission loads and some things will need to be modified. i'll put it that way it bends, or that they could only carry out their experiments with our help in betweens. which meant we sacrificed our working time to help with their experiment. you know the experiment just to have to stand. there was a lot of learning and figuring things out on both sides and all and a long process for seeing a lot more countries interested in flying country astronauts. so i think our station we filled with a mix of country astronauts, there might be astronaut from particular companies. and then we help to that where the place where nasa sends it's asked or not to do work to. if you look historically, since the beginning of the space age,
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probably about 500 people have phones of space about 95 percent of them have been government employees. i think going forward, it's going to be an order of magnitude more like $5000.00. and the vast majority of them are going to be private citizens as opposed to government employees. and this is the start or of that right now. in 20 years, we're going to look back historically at this time that you and i are living in right now and said, yeah, that was the turning point. that's when things really started to change. if you're a hammer, you tend to see everything as a nail. you know, if you're working in the commercial sector, you, you see everything as a process line. and i think that if that sensibility of space exploration as a business endeavor becomes the dominant, same rather than scientific exploration. then i think we have problems, missions to mars and private space stations receive a lot of attention, but the space welds main activity is not quite so glamorous,
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placing satellites in space, the biggest undertakings of stone link and one web. those are designed to encircle us and deliver a low cost satellite internet. i know that project is your ups and navigation satellite system got a layer of the satellites, the permanent d o between the us and delivering navigation data. there are about $5700.00 at to start tonight circling the us right now. twice that number retired and just become space debris. when it comes to basic bucket propulsion little has changed since the mid 20th century. there are 2 technologies, solid propellant engines and liquid propellant engines in solid propellant systems. the propellant has a solid mass in the engine in liquid propellant systems. the propellant is
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a liquid outside. the engine once ignited the reaction of a solid rock. it cannot be stopped. similar to fireworks on new year's eve in the liquid propellant engine chemical components that carried in separate tank son delivered to the actual and engine. this analysis trust regulation, meaning that the drive can be controlled during flight. the best performing propellant is made by combining liquid hydrogen, undulate could oxygen the legendary space shuttle combined solid, undulate, quick propelling. the to white. so need to work, at least is on the rim, powered most of the stuffing thrust. once apple and they would just as and, and continued flight to was taken over by liquid propulsion, the catches liquid rocket some more expensive, more complex and more prone to failure than solid propellant rockets. and so many
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decades they were only suited for one time use. it's like taking an airplane, a 737, and flying it from new york to california one time and then dropping it in the ocean. it makes no economic sense. nobody would be able to afford a plane ticket if you did that every single time. but that's what we're doing in the space industry. we knew it wasn't the best way and we knew eventually were usability was going to make a big impact. private enterprises needed to make liquid propellant rockets, re usable the in 20151 company succeeded. space x, the space x was able to do was get reuse the ability to the point where they could
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quickly and easily and cost effectively turnaround their hardware and fly it again . and that brought the costs down. dramatic financial reasons, basics and blue origin accounting and reuse the bill to see them looking real kits returned to us afternoons. then stand by so take off on another day, the 2 a cheese they say needs to be a pint of symbols, rockets. we use the board propulsion technology and the guarantee of a safe landing the, the cost of transporting a kilogram of cargo into low us little bit has been drastically reduced by these innovations. that has been a major accomplishment that fits has shown that the private sector is mature enough
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to take on some of the challenges of going into space working in space and actually turning a profit from it. i think the profit motive is a big incentive for progressing faster, deeper in space. and i'm, i'm glad that that you'll finally take an interest of this spends eps smith. i'm i myself have flown with a private provider and i'm with space x. i know recycled rocket and it was a good feeling for me knowing that the rocket flies up. you said that the lands again and we'll be re you is do that instead of becoming space debris, i'm showing afterwards my colleagues, samantha christopher radio came up to the space station with the exact same rockets that had gone up. and i think that's terrific if you don't, but this is the right way of instead of this to give you the, the most extensive research you still primarily conducted by government agencies like nasa, the european space agency or the gym, and aerospace center nike around mountain with the day i research drive,
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the most idea shown. if we look at idea, you can see here that we have a total of 4 cameras, each building 2 stereo pads. and with that, it can be saved great depth. it flies with only camera systems and i am you sense is i am you, i am you is excel or amazes on gyros codes. it's kind of like the, you know, you and humans. so we thought they are, we can not only conduct the planetary exploration on the surface, but we can also fly into a lot of cases and explore other cases as well. and who am i follow the task successfully? and marcus miller and his team has been working on this technology for mold in a decade through the addressing mobiles, the environments in real time offering 3 d visibility. so this is essentially the brain of idea that it contains all the computational components and the cameras. so it's kind of the eyes of id i know. and on the other side here we have the propulsion system. the drive system of idea in front of the
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roads is a still on able to if we were on the new now and we wouldn't have any edit, that means we would need a different propulsion system and we'd use jet. and that's how we fund a for a system like audio works without gps, instead utilizing its own measurements census. the goal is to drones, to one day navigate of the planet. so turn in the sea and mount the surfaces here on mountain and the driving is deployed to study the terrain to us initially, what well is now acting up. the theme is trying to get the drone to fly again. that sofa without any luck to somebody. this cause to be, i'm looking for the problem is that we flew once and it happens every now and then that we see slight anomalies. and that they copy that goes slightly into the pitch
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. so it makes almost a $45.00 to $50.00 degree pitch tonne and then crashes to be a month. and then after the close is simple, the wind is just too strong given concerning this, the wind speed here as well as at 10 meters per 2nd on average wind and the gosset's. so we'll epithet he made his testing inside of a time. the system just isn't designed for that phone to not finish, always colleagues producing bins for now the research is have no choice but to take the measurements from the grounds. it's so frustrating compromise. so we can move that's still a long way to go and an extraordinary amount of effort needed before the technology can be deployed in space. consistency of items moving, we're here to explore and advanced technologies to buy some supplies. our vision is that we can achieve more by using heterogeneous robots over time. different types of robots, then we can with just one system sustain besides few come,
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we believe that combining robots with different skills. we can solve the tests and better, you know, dislike when different people work together. combined engineers, of scientists and technicians. i'm in this technologies still being tested for future space missions, but some are already thinking beyond that. my numbers, my name is mathias link to i'm the director of the luxembourg space agency. let's say it just for me and i've been involved in the development of the space that the human luxembourg for many years the small country was one. it's one of the world's largest producers of steel. today luxemburg is a driving play behind a new idea, space mining to get the principal results of the existing stage. everything you find on us, you can also find in space. that means if humans extend out into the solar system, allows to the moon light it to mazda, and maybe at some point even further, it just makes sense that you use the local resources. what's one possible targets?
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meteorites containing platinum and gold. the moon contains ram and the rules. it also has frozen more to that could be used to produce fuel and reasonable. and then there are the so called of m type asteroids. these contain precious room materials that could in turn be used in future space projects. so now the results is in space seem infinite. most of the science fiction stories i read in high school and middle school. we're all about, you know, families that, that bought their own rocket and went up to the asteroid belt in mind. and you know, did stuff like that? i think it's kind of cool. but the, the problem is that, that or it's not like those resources are going to come back to the yours listing. it all sounds like science fiction. at 1st, it's really more of a long term endeavor and will happen on a relatively small scale. let's say in the next 10 years, then bit by bit, it will continue. in the coming decades,
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new markets will emerge in dunlab enough to interesting the search for space resources could become a booming business. in 2017 luxembourg adopted a legal framework to mine room materials and space becoming only the 2nd country off to the united states. to do says the host is this will enable exclusive access to this new potential markets and items of that kind of voice. in one cell, no one owns out of spaces, but it gets murky when it comes to the results is out that if you fly to the moon and take a rock and process it, or you drill for water and use it, things start to get complicated. this means we absolutely need an international framework that can effectively us it in these technical advancements and can repeatedly be modified as needed. the light comes on and off and it's quite clear that a single luxemburg law cannot be the solution. and i'm assuming this looks more because that's just the loose on the sign come
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the european space agency has also become involved in the near future. the agency hopes to study and extract to roll new new materials. so that's like a joystick. so you click on it with a mouse night. a gold rush could be on the horizon and a new era of commercialism in space. will europe be positive? the race will as and devices europe is on the one hand for leader and space. i believe when it comes to satellites 1st, authorization and navigation, we have very strong programs explode on in the field of exploration and astronaut x, we're always in the shadow and they're so not, they're not as i think europe has to be braver problems. we shouldn't let this new space development, which we see in the united states pass us by and with us. if we have seen europe can also be world class. and as soon as you got me,
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