from wow to celebrating the european lifestyle in 30 minutes on t w. what secrets? why behind being discovered new adventures in 360 degrees and explore fascinating world heritage sites. p w world heritage 360 yeah. now, the, when wild fires meet on favorable wins, heavy smoke can cross vast distances like in north america. in early june, new york became shrouded in smoke due to forest fires and neighboring canada. we need to learn to equip ourselves to live with the shop, reality of climate change and its consequences whether anomalies heavy rains and

storms shrinking places on the death of corals, we still have time to prepare the hello and welcome to tomorrow. today d, w sign show the climate crisis is having a devastating effect on corals. a recent studies suggests that 90 percent of carlos b c's will soon disappear. and yet these complex eco systems are crucial to our planets. around to 1000000000 people in asia alone suits the food directly from re we'll straight in. government has declared its intention to invest billions in protecting the great barrier reef. well, marine biologists have been trying to grow carlos full some time measuring 350000 square kilometers. the world's largest carl reef is almost the size of germany on

the unesco world. heritage site, a treasure without equal and one we were in deep trouble losing australia's great barrier reef. the australian institute of marine science board named these leading efforts to prevent the total collapse of the reef. marine biologist is passionate about some work being done here. my day to day is facing the stress of what might happen to the system. however, i don't think that that causes me to lose heart. i still get to go out and see the great and healthy and be useful at this so much diversity that the west protecting the countless tank simulate the living conditions and the reef. carlos are

sensitive creatures, water quality, light, and temperature are major factors in their survival. what happens when those living conditions change and become more uncomfortable for the groups residents? to re carry bleaching is the phenomenon that they fear most because they've suffered too often in recent years. if the water gets to the cold shits algae, these algae are not only responsible for the chorus, brilliant colors, they also provide the coral with nutrition. if the algae disappear, the car will die. can visa effects be directly traced back to us humans? unfortunately, yes. yes. they are saying that wait

a minute to lading the environmental conditions and as a response to those conditions, often most stressful like and these conditions have a name. climate change while strictly is feeling its effect on land and sea. they heat the drought last harvest and the apocalyptic images of burning forest. at the same time, cities, villages entire landscapes are completely under water. extreme events have become normal. environmental activist crystal fuck now says that's reason enough to be scared. i think the message is becoming very, very clear and more and more clear each year which is actually quite devastating that it has to come to be for some instructions to open their eyes. and for governments open their eyes at the true cost of not acting on climate change. nowhere is that more apparent then that's a great barrier reef for mass of carl bleaching. some 7 years have caused such

a massive damage that unesco is threatening to revolt its world heritage site status. australia is reputation and a lot of money are at stake. the rates is an enormous economic asset providing 70000 jobs, most of them and in the tourist industry, dining instructor nadine who came here from germany 9 years ago and also conducts research dives. yeah, so yeah, it's nice to know for the various steps to see how many carls there are in any given location. how many different types, how many have died, how much l g is still that. and whether there is any coral bleaching the send the entire data to the marine biologist of the english institute, closing the circle of those committed to protecting this unique ecosystem. to the very end, the psych shows

also poses a threat to read. and they will likely be more of them again this year in may 2023 . the road me to a logical organization. won't that i'll nino is looming again in 2019 and just regularly recurring climate phenomena in close, huge hurricanes in the pacific. how do storms move across the globe? that's this week's question from rodrigo mikaya in ecuador turn shopping coal site close across the a quite bringing to wrench will rain and back to ring. when tropical psych loans can inflict enormous damage, they usually leave a vast trail of devastation in their wake. some stones and move in hundreds of kilometer is in diameter and compound

a single area for long periods of time. that's why people feed them. tropical st cloud's full of knowledge bodies of water around the a quite to the water has to be at least $27.00 degrees celsius. so that large and else events can invest the rates and rise with the woman because the us is basically a spinning bowl. the m s is north and south of the equate to get deflected. they then begin to spin and form huge forces, sees a consequence of the so called korea this for along the equate to this force is very small. that creates a straight around 600 kilometers wide that sped from the destructive stones. the, the korean is force cause the site plans north of the equator to spin in a counter clockwise direction. while south of the equator,

they rotate in the opposite direction, the since 1979. no tropical site clothing has ever been observed crossing the equates. but that doesn't mean it's impossible. in 2001, a slight claim came within a 150 kilometers at the equate to like said than as a before the but recent decades have shown that tropical site clones i'm moving further and further away from the equates at simple woods, the us holes we can only guess what might happen if a slight clone which across the equates that it would most likely lose its angular momentum and the end of this whole task. because the career this force works in the opposite direction on the other side of the a quite the

read. why do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice message. if we answer the shows, we'll send you a little surprised as a thank you. the come on, just on the now to the mountains. according to one recent study, nearly all of our planets, mountain glaciers will have melted by the end of this century. drinking voice, it will be scarce. nope, just me. of the mountains themselves and sea levels rise in zurich, switzerland, a team of scientists is researching mass of ice loss in the else the glaciers in the alps are disappearing without immediate time in action. nearly

all of them will have melted by the end of a century. zurich, basically, she ologist mathias whose there's only a little hope left to disclose and ship of sailed, at least for the small and medium sized glaciers. for the bigger ones, it's still not too late. at dch zurich whose researches the development of alpine glaciers, particularly what ecological social and economic consequences their melting will have at the global, regional, and local levels. the fact that tourist attractions are disappearing as the glaciers mailed is the least of the problems in the alps or the region faces much bigger threats. then um, you know, below call outhouse, we're seeing the effects here locally. we're seeing glacier collapses,

increasing with warmer temperatures and flooding of glacial lakes glitch in the i was placing the latest example the collapse of utilities. my mulatto glacier in the summer of 2022 expensive protection measures are needed for the villages and the valley as well. as the hiking and climbing route, at least until the unsafe sub soil has stabilized again. on a regional level, it will soon become clear that glaciers are no longer reliable water reservoirs in summer for drinking water, irrigating farms for power generation. the there are attempts to get around the problem with dams. but there's a time limit on this solution. take power generation, for example, moments on most of my own stuff at the moment in switzerland, melting,

snow fills the reservoirs in the summer, and in winter, the water has become through turbines to produce electricity to put it in. so in the future when we have dry hot summers and so, but we don't have glaciers anymore, it could be that the reservoirs can no longer be adequately filled and extend that we can no longer produce enough energy during the winter. veal to an awesome beam. tony's meal can you can storm potency and rivers like the rinds that are important for the transportation of goods. also depend on glaciers during dr. periods, but we're already seeing phases when rivers become non navigable. the researchers in zurich have calculated just how important glacier water is from large rivers. they should they provide less watts of doing colts and width here. so then they start water, but they release more water and doing warm and dryers, seen in a year with average precipitation. the rhine, your basel carries mostly rainwater and meltwater from snow,

plus an insignificant amount of glacier water. just seeing the grass that during such a year, the glacier provides more meltwater and thereby compensates for the rainfall and the snow melts. walter deficits here in basel frank soundbites means that the ice mouse contributes up to one 5th of the flow. so it's make sure that there is enough flow in direction. without glaciers, the rain will no longer have reliable water levels. alternative transport methods will need to be developed. and finally, the global consequences. rising sea levels. alpine glaciers play only a minor role in this, but all of the worlds of mountain glaciers together account for about 50 percent of the phenomenon. the global sea level has already risen by about 100 millimeters by 2100. it could be one meter devastating for europe's north sea coast. and for many

other areas that are all ready up to their necks and water. for scientists like my to use horse, it is clear we have to prepare for an age with out outputting glaciers the escapes and most of them the look health is a kind of a main issue is water retention, coke, new reservoirs for example, so that we have water during dr. periods and it's, it's about power generation, creating rail networks for transport, routes of homes, and it's about to be engaging infrastructure and facing issue. and we're facing the big technical and economic challenges in moments on the home the, at the moment, we still have a chance to get it right in and prepare ourselves for the future. take full to the images like these will soon be part of a historical archive. but with the melting of the glaciers, the alps are losing much more than just very turtle ice.

so we may have to say good bye to mountain places, but what about forest less rainfall means dry is. so that's combined with longer periods of heat as a recipe for wild fires, even in northern germany, and as early as may and choose the at the end and vice stop shop has come up with a way to detect forest fires. faddie in ancient greek mythology dryads swim mystical creatures to protect you, the trees, perhaps these small green devices will become the dry odds of the digital age. the benevolent spirits of today's forests. every year fires destroying millions of heck tests of forest worldwide. almost 8000000000 tons of c o 2 are released in the process around 20 percent of global

compound emissions. it's an ecological disaster with devastating consequences. it's quite tough for me. 2018 was the 1st time that was visible coverage on t v. and in the media of a major fires in the amazon and australia and we had fridays for future taking to the streets and my daughter to to and that was the initial trigger for me, where i thought i have to do something about this alone. that impulse to let the gem and entrepreneur together with the team of scientists software and i teach specialists to develop an early warning system for detecting forest highest the senses deployed in the state of random bug that sci fi as they smell them, like a network of high tech noses. agricultural scientist, you know, i experimented with hydrogen detectives during his tenure at the tune and institute for forest ecosystems. now he's putting the new census through the paces in a test forest. 3 meters above the ground and pointed towards the south. the hun

sized senses a powered by the sun and require very little light and necessary feature for the forest such a dock has. and this one with the help of capacitive sensors also work at nights and in the rain. but what exactly does the little green device smell in the coming if you to the air contains a number of different compounds. there's carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, cell fates, and noble gases gauze. the sensor measures all of them as soon as oxygen starts, can be removed from the air, the gas mixture changes, and that's the fraternities that's causing this. once the senses detect that change, they send a warning signal with precise coordinates via the newly developed cloud platform. it takes less than 5 minutes. extensive photo note the good. ideally,

a forest would be equipped with a network of senses. 100 meters aponce. the information is passed onto the cloud virus specially created in connective things network. that cost and link show to affectionately calls the internet of trees. in wasn't better telecommunication companies don't usually have cell towers in the world's largest viruses. that means you can't lose a system that relies on the internet to where on the we need an independent communication infrastructure, because it has to be solar powered and it has to work over a large area. that's exactly what we came up with using this mesh, get away yet. i mean, it allows us to communicate over a roughly to kilometer radius at a time. so step by step that we can move deeper into the forest or to 9 get current early warning systems. we're now i primarily on visual data like the cameras on this fire prevention talent near the town of eva,

spider and brandon bug allowed more than a 100 cameras. like the scan, the forests, the images arrive at the control center in real time, where they are monitored and evaluated around the clock. to finish key crude and state and hide. it needs a olga when there's a fire fuse are produced. and through the lack of wind in the forest, they rise relatively quickly. only up the top of the tree canopy, do they start squarely bytes. and so as soon as they're visible in the tree canopy or above it, we can also see them on how busy ols. if a column of smoke is detected, a 2nd camera classic cross direction findings and human expertise help locate the flat. but the compact, small nose can do the same job foster, even without personnel, these level and d, quality in the lights and the colleagues and the control center weren't able to detect the smoke. yeah, but i let the center know when i'm conducting all your tests and they ask them

afterwards. did you see the fire in? no. that means that the smoke can only be detected by the optical systems when it's above the treetops. you know, the coding is to ensure the sense and they'll send the detect spy as a lead, but can also tell what he's burning. it's a software is constantly trained. the scientists have some poles of forest soils, substrates from food around the world. today for the 1st time dr. you're going to let is putting pine needles from spain into the tube at the old site tree level red tree. way down to the gram, like all of the samples, they all hated to $320.00 degrees. when will spots ignite? and when will the sense that detect the burning spanish pine needles? they react differently than german pine needles. the german pine needles are

a bit longer and they start to smolder more quickly. the spanish ones are more compact, a little shorter, so they take longer to smolder on so that was new for us and some noise. but what's interesting, of course, is when the sensor yeah. so when it smells the spanish pine needles default, the experiments are recorded evaluated, and repeated hundreds of times. need that and come there was such as we show that the sense that can identify smoldering spanish pine in a forest fire. it's an important goal, not only for ultra early fund detection, knowing the precise odor, classification of the binding material can help and quickly selecting the right extinguishing agent. these intelligent senses may now be martin de forest protect us. the trees play a key role implement protection. that's why there are so many reforestation

projects around the world our woody frame that's we moved about 6 percent of global c o 2 emissions from the atmosphere each year. and as well as the climate tree planting projects can bring direct benefits to local people. teams. as one project me or i could do more. okay. so this is the is the and yeah. and again these women seen the tree is a treasure. as they show us how our gun nuts are harvested. again, the notes are gathered from the ground. the tree is too dense and thorny for picking their song comes from the heart because they are gotten tree is their livelihood. the go to go to a new so you know, different diesel say. and with this, we women come build houses, buy clothes for our children, and send them to school. and we work here in the fresh at the organ tree is all

life luck. and you said, your study is fatima and some 50 other women are part of a cooperative that was founded in funded by the german development agency, the g i. c. in the beginning, it wasn't clear, it would succeed. our country is, can only grow here in southwestern morocco and just a few decades ago, they were almost extinct. the book, uh, at that time, people believe that intensive agriculture was more important to grow fruits and vegetables, sex mode professional it, we see some people forgot the value of the country. suppose all sick us. as a result, they began to disappear, not getting people neglected them, but they will also depleted by the very dry climate. it got to move husband, he's a folic on this. ok, my to re, for station began at the end of the 19 ninety's would support from the un ends, germany today, some 2500000 headers of trees are under protection. they are valuable not only for

the women, but also for the environment and climate. the forest service sanctuary for plants, birds, and insects. this okay, we'll see sucrose and know but the secret is also that the tree has a strong deep root system. you know, this spot is shot and so water doesn't lea counts deep in the soil, or discounts moisture is retained the new me too. when you with the hudson, is this the stabilizes the soil against erosion, the holes, and also helps make the trees so bountiful, left us to the 32nd. it's also what makes the oregon far as a powerful defense against on going to certification like other trees. they also absorb the greenhouse gas c o. 2. this type of climate and environmental protection works because it involves local people for those in the cooperative here in the village of drugs. new aga, dear, it is

a thriving business. give the is me. i think how these are often my divorce. i had nothing that's the loan and the islands to region right here up to like. and i now have a stable income become paid for my son's education and support my parents. i need the victim out of their harvest the women produce are gone while the pope of the fruit is removed using a traditional technique, the husks are broken open and the criminals removed only then 2 machines come into play. to grind the colonels, they are then cold pressed until a precious oil is obtained. many swear by its benefits on the skin, a slightly different variant has also become popular worldwide as cooking oil. more then the, the yes, a successful model keep different and it can be implemented elsewhere in other

regions across the world. so it was of the regional product level. beautiful thing, you know, because specificity, the women of drawbacks, want to be united, oregon tree forever. at least that's what they seen during the heart of the good as a go to go to the got so from tamara today, d w science program. you next time. and until then, state curious by the

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