the visions and the people behind the verdant catastrophe. climate change starts july 13th on dw, the see the news from berlin, the u. s. is reportedly sent to announce cluster bombs for ukraine. the pentagon is expected to include thousands of the controversial weapons and new military aid package for the fight against russia. rights groups are raising concerns, also coming up nato prepared for a key summit with

a focus on membership for your grain and sweden are, are questions. however, over the alliance's capabilities us general tells dw nato is not ready to face any threat from russia. the goal for it. thank you. welcome to the program. the buyback ministration is expected to announce a new military, a package for ukraine that includes controversial, cluster bombs, keep once the weapons for the war with russia, but the bombs are banned by over $120.00 countries because they kill and maim indiscriminately human rights groups. say both sides have already use them and oppose more being sent to ukraine of a graveyard dismissals and hockey's the remnants of russian munition. to have

devastated civilian life in pulse of ukraine. among them, the rockets used to launch cluster bones. a large number of small explosives of packed into these containers and released me to with the potential to close, extensive damage to an area of the size of a city block such as hit in cost, intuitive costs assist. you new credit is done. net screeching, which was his in march this year by cluster bombs. local find, find to is trying to contain the damage undetected cluster munitions that don't explode. can also main will kill people. decades later on thursday, the pentagon press secretary defended the use of the weapons that is pointing the finger at moscow. so essentially, it can be either loaded with shaped charges which are arm or penetrating, or they can be loaded with fragmentary munitions,

which are anti personnel. so clearly a capability that would be useful in any type of offensive operations. i would note that the russians have already been implying a cluster munitions on the battlefield. human rights watch says base russia and ukraine have used cluster munitions. so fall in the conflict and has cooled for both sides to stop immediately or it's, we're is a senior crisis and conflict research or for human rights watch it earlier. he told us more about the bombs dangers as well. these web is already here, the indiscriminate nauseous and their 1st use with our 1st is 1st from these larger weapons and deliver over large areas where they can be limited to military objectives. but also because a large number of these are the smaller subdivisions when they fall, they don't get any. and with this habit is their last for years, sometimes decades. and this is huge,

serious danger to millions or really anyone that comes into these areas. and that can be devastating for security is rejecting saving for retirement efforts. exactly, because of these weapons, again, are indiscriminate. they don't do it, they don't distinguish between the child or a soldier once they're on the ground. and ukraine says so that it will deploy the weapons judiciously and that many frontline areas are already riddled with land mines anyway. so is there a responsible way of using cluster munitions as well? the conditions. and the reason that over half the countries of the world have signed up to band is because there's no real way to limit the effects of contributions. again, you know, you can use a minute, did you get an area where there are fewer civilians? once you disperse these wides, there's no way of knowing how many of them really are going to fail and then leave civilians at risk. and do these weapons in cleaning up these arrows as well. there

are huge swans of the country that are contaminated already. adding more smaller weapons that you know, can be picked up or handled by people and a serious injury or death. having more of a is not a solution to the word clear in these areas is extremely dangerous, and time consuming. and most of the rest of the people who are doing this amount of work as well. but if these cluster bombs could potentially help ukraine to beat back the russians and potentially speed up an end to this war, a war that is costing so many lives. couldn't that be worth it as well. this is about this year to the basic principles of international law and the law which call on countries to uh to make sure that the screens between combatants and civilians. it means that they are also need to take causing coughing or percussion

. and in order to protect civilians and every time for the next 2 years of useful tools. when finding out more, it doesn't matter if it will speed out of work as i'm excuse for engaging or using weapons in describing qualities. my question, may the secretary generally in stilton work, has implied understanding for the use of cluster bombs for defensive purposes. so for a use in this case, in russia doesn't shy away from using them because we know, and you have documented extensively that russia is using them as well. is it fair to expect ukraine to not respond in kind? i think it's fair to expect you crying to, to live by his obligations under international law. this is something that ukraine has repeatedly said that they do it all of their operations. and this is an important time to make sure they did. they stand up to that obligation that they

abide by their obligations and the district to there were even of that implies them being exposed to, to greater risk than not being able to respond to them as well in using these letters there. it's also exposing other people and since specifically they're all civilians and around the territory interest for really long periods to kinda have to be years, it could be decades. and so there's also responsibility to ensure that the, whether they're using in order to find this war are ones that don't cause, you know, i'm necessary indiscriminate arms to civilians. and that's why these munitions are bad. and that's why we're, we call on all states, not just russia and ukraine, also the united states in every other country, not to use our not to transfer them. and not as far as ridgeway or with human rights watch. thank you so much for your time. great. speaking to you and well,

nato leaders are preparing for a key summit next week that will focus on membership for ukraine and sweden. but there is another significant concern for the airlines, whether it was actually capable of dealing with any threat from russia or retired us general has. so dw nato is not ready, a needle maintained. it's got allies completely covered and they thought protect every inch of allied territory. but candidate nato has forces in fire power, pre positioned in 8 allies along its eastern flank. but if russia were to attack, for example, the narrow gaps between belarus and colleen and grad known as this, a walkie corridor with the aim to cut off the baltic states, we cannot move fast enough. i think this is very dangerous. if the russians can see, and they're aware that we could not get to, let's say this a walking car door for the full sean gates down in romania as fast or faster than

russian federation forces could give their retire. general ben hodges as an expert in military mobility and to his chagrin, immobility from the years he was charged with insuring american troops and their equipment could respond quickly to threats. loads of red tape and lack of transport capacity topped his list of blows. you can not even live a couple your passion journey without special permissions. there's not enough real cars in the cargo. don't you buy a cargo to move more than one and a half are remember gauge that all over europe simultaneously? that's nothing compared to what we would need. and then there's the lack of inter governmental communication. hodges recalls a special moment in 2017. when you as paratroopers were dropped into full guerria for a training exercise. we discovered in the last minute the, the bulgarian ministry of interior responsible for their borders. we're going to have officials out on the drop zone and expect to see the passport of every parents

river as if they had just got off a little tons of flight. and i was like, you watch another issue is infrastructure such as bridges and roads that can't bear the weight of heavy tanks or tunnels, which are too narrow. fixing these problems was long ago identified as a key area where nato into europe can union could. and actually had to work together, the alliance needs the access, the you has control over regulations and funds for logistical upgrades and member states. but after new years of plans, tests, forces, and projects and now war next door. the potential remains largely on paper policy analysts and the height the highest spend to months researching the current state of military mobility and was dismayed at his findings. definitely, i was surprised given how many years has passed since know through the team. he came a priority at the, at the level and nothing much has happened just to give you an example of currently at the you level the objectives to reach maximum of 5 working days to get

permission to cross borders. that's quite a lots, right? they want to make free for rapid reaction, forces 5 working days, waiting on paper work for each country that would need to be crossed. that's the goal. meanwhile, moscow has no such barriers, and can hire points out. the necessary changes in europe won't happen overnight, is it's a continuous process that takes years. so if we have started, i don't know, 15 years ago now, it would have been better if we started now we'll see in 4th and the results maybe in 10 years. general hodges says the new military plans to be adopted at nato's bill. me a summit. should lead to a big improvement because possible more time responsibilities will be assigned by regions reducing transport times. but he's still worried to everybody gets serious and understands why this is to the benefit of the alliance for terence is going to continue to be seen as some sort of a bureaucratic uh,

thing that just needs to be sorted out. he says, is past time. now to get serious until a few years ago sells to don didn't have a single professional basketball court. the summer the men's national team is making history of the world cup. it's the only african country to qualify at its 1st attempt. but for the world's youngest country and one of the poor as basketball successes goes far beyond sports, it helps unite the nation and inspires kids all over to star training are reporter meant some of them in the capital zuba with the basketball academy into the full month's us with a nice and be a stab at the school for hundreds of children and teenagers from across the country . one of them is 17 year old tasha. hey, brad, this is tiffany. and every time i'm not watching them, but i don't. i just tell them how much my friend does, what happens,

but every time they come home, they talk about it. they've made them quite now for you, but girls playing basketball and stuff for them. that's quite unusual. how shall i had to bring to coaches to a house? the parents would allow her to train. when the academy finally started, the girls leak more and more women signed up. now i think was more than a 100. the number keeps increasing every side because everybody wants to know that the national team is headed for the world's cup. basketball is becoming ever more popular. growing up in sa sedan is easy. the young country has been embroiled in a deadly civil war for most of its existence. well, talbot, t and crime will the streets basketball helps to forget. sometimes surprise when you sit down one on one. some people been attacked by the war song.

so we can use like a product for them. some of the kids or for michael basketball can achieve even more, especially in the country is divided as also done google long car insurance people perception so so then we have so many authentic color charts. what do you see here is also so that we don't preach twice is another thing we tell you guys rather than systems, most class and the national teams. but in the future, more tenants will come directly from stuff. so that was just their bicycle professionally. i want to play a bus because i'm in the india or something about that price because i'm looking for a copy of one day, therefore the cell so that we can yeah. i've that much of

a quote to your, to our, to be able to present my country. our people seem to think that until then, the kids and coaches would keep training and working to us, the dreams of a peaceful and unified so that and you're up to date, coming up next, a documentary, looking at the transformation of rwanda after one of the worst gent assigns in history and the conflict from all of us here in our breland newsroom. thank you so much for your company and run stuff for me here at the top for the next hour, with more by the it's only just practice at the national base in brooklyn, lithuania, 7 months before russia attacked ukraine, a field team documents, daily life in the town.