and how she thinks most rain, so today lives, mother, annoyed for nearly 4 decades. she's for peace for me, for brace of freedoms in your home, then the run in spite of bob berry, cousin, twice our children, should not inherit science from us. the an income, if you look into the nice yesterday thoughts, july 29th on d, w, the we move using our own muscle power. sometimes others give us the behind. we also move things all the time and we could soon be getting some help with us. more and that's coming on the

hello and welcome to tomorrow to david dw sign showing. welcome to my teeth as part of a research team working on a wearable structure that assists movement. it's called an excess skeleton. he's trying it out, its limited size. if you are in a stooped posture for a while, though, you'll soon start to feel the strain in your back, the excess scales and makes it easier to maintain that position for longer and for how long it takes us. good, dr. mean time, what's the excess skeleton does is absorb some of the mechanical strain from the human body and storm pump. this highest isn't that it supports us and the movements we make every day in various ways. this, in the mean time, this is mindy, don't feel that the working gushing in is part of the european research project focused on exoskeletons for use in small and medium sized companies. the requirements in this context are different from those an industrial manufacturing,

your ics. so it's kind of these extra skeletons are earmarked primarily for large companies. for example, in the car industry where the word processes are relatively clearly defined. newtonics and paul for the film kline as we are researching how we can use them where they're actually needed most time. so in smaller companies, so the tasks are more varied unfortunately, and the budgets are smaller and that's key. sima. loughlen commodities has an avatar, a digital twin, a process known as motion capture, records, all the research as movements to be out of the door and makes it clear what kind of strain is occurring we're in his body. let's see and do them about it. when the excess skeleton is being used, that's what the avatars shows us is that the strain in the inter vertebral disk is significantly reduced thomas, so the person wearing the suit is

a lot more comfortable. but that's not the work, isn't it? strenuous, because the exoskeleton is taking part of the load. this type of exoskeleton, it doesn't relieve strain in the need, however, the less them ending can you missed. there are various types of exoskeletons, and these days a range of companies manufacture them. the basic mechanical design is simple and varies according to the tasks it's where or has to perform and it's about, you know, it's, it's interesting to see exactly which x is scaled to in a suitable for which activity one's for the. so you have to take various factors into account to the is the material washable of the monthly. yeah. what are the suits measurements, of course. and then we give the manufacturers are feedback. that's, that's what's the zip codes are gonna be, has to, let's look at the best way to test the suitability of access skeletons is to try them out in real work environments. pbs pool of other shapes don't. is a powder coating company based in central germany. metal frames for windows doors,

carports, or conservatories, are quoted here, and then return to the manufacturer. as the workers have to repeat the same movements, hundreds of times a day, exhausting work which takes the physical tone and excess skeleton would make it much easier. but it takes some getting used to advance as noise. i'm feeling whenever you introduce something new. so be some reservations. that's how humans are the industry. they're skeptical a bit nervous. so we have to help with the adjustment. when is the quick partner for our project partners? have investing money in excess skeletons stock, it's a shame if they just sit in the closet and we don't manage to convince people to use it too, but they don't realize what its benefits are. the plastic or for tied it up on hub . and that can take time, where's can't move the way they normally do the suit, forces them to move in a way that's better for the airbag,

but doesn't feel very natural shop or to enough. i'm. i've been working all day, but don't have any pain in the lower back and looking, but before i'd feel some twinges now and then we'll have some options for most one it's, let's get to sleep. in small companies, workers usually perform a range of task. whatever they're doing, wearing the exoskeleton shouldn't be a hindrance. is this anything what she gave us? one job might be moving something from a to b. well, another is during a forklift. and i may not always have time to. it seems likely there will be, exoskeletons could also prove helpful in other areas. a complete answer because there are the fields of clinical care nursing and surgical care. in these areas, it's important that they're safe and then can a patient get a finger caught somewhere. for example, can eggs or skeleton be worn under a uniform? did they adhere to hygiene standards?

can they be used in patient care in a couple of these are factors we're addressing in this project and is important. because i'm because we'll talk you financially. but in the meantime, language, my teeth will have to keep carting a lot of heavy boxes around the lab. of the results have long been an active pause about, well same mode loan clean up after us. they help to explore space before many rolls and manufacturing. some of them can run dodge obstacles, jobs, even dogs. the thing is don't always go as times this is gummy, it's named,

often damaged pods and cache and the bavarian town where it was developed. the rebuilt is to function as enough and companion for the elderly. so it needs to be able to serve patients a drink. rhythm on la luis big hereto from the technical university of munich wants to test how well gummy does carrying hot coffee. the researches have skilled to gloss, to the brand will go, may be able to serve it without spilling any who can do best to man or machine to find out. read him on law is going to go off again. it's gone me despite having little experience as of ways so i can try and it's probably better and i managed to move it without spilling and drop but yeah, let's see how it goes. he gives that his best

shot, but still some coffee on the way. it is a big challenge. i just brought to the eclipse. we felt flushed. and so we're working late tonight in a different project and having some coffee in the drop the coffee. and then they start thinking about how we could make the work. and from that on they start putting their d as in to pay for them for a star me and going that direction. the problem is programming a robot to do it. many have tried, but so far no researches have succeeded. the man approaches has been to try to focus on the liquid. so try some other than that mix of the liquid and this can be very complex and very time consuming. so it can takes minutes hours to compute water to them. and so the liquid and the working someone you don't want the robot to feed for hours before it moves of this video showing american teacher he

that swings in different directions like a spherical pendulum, gave the research as an idea for a much simpler approach. because in terms of physics, here's what happens. gravity and the movement of the go off, always act in the direction of the pendulum pivot. all other forces are absorbed by the tray. this means there are no lateral forces acting on the gloss, so the liquid in it. no transverse forces means nothing spills over. so it's even possible to climb stairs with a gloss filled to the brim. the reset just been applied this basic physical principle to gummy wants to explain everybody say this, call it so. so i'll just because if it is, once you understand this is the easy solution. it's this simplest solution. but dummy still has to prove that it can really do it. the gloss is filled to

overflowing. yet he still manages to set it down without spilling a drilled rhythm. in his last book, takes it in his straight. and another test all goes smoothly, even when someone just fills the room about something that could easily happen when caring for seniors on a daily basis. we wants robust to be working close to him. and if for any reason you are moving quickly, your hand and there are button is to react with the from a guarantee that will never drop the coffee on you. because if it does, then to trust between you and the robots with broken. so safety always comes 1st and that's why gama should soon be given more capabilities. so the rest of the directions does have the robust, imbedding with them of outlets. it's like a perception and visual systems, so it can predict and for see the human emotions. so it works even better close to humans. but there is such a still have

a ways to go before gummy will be allowed to do all that. when the cats go walk about, they don't usually go that far. i mentioned national kept track of studies, shirts. i mostly stay within $100.00 maces of a home lions hanging around in areas where prey is plentiful. they territory typically covers an area twice the size of paris. had charges all contained with one square kilometer. that's enough for them to eat the film. most animals move and so defined for the food supplying. what about pay with natural edlio from renee sent us this question. why are there no penguins in the arctic? the north pole is famous for its polar bears one of the largest land predators on

earth. they probably loved to snack on penguins, but even though penguins loved the cold, there never found in the icy climes of the arctic the there are nearly 20 different species of pain when all the one live in the southern hemisphere. only the galapagos penguin is found on some of the galapagos islands north of the equator. the remaining species are found in south america, south africa, australia, and new zealand. only a handful of species are actually found in and article here. the coastal waters provide the best conditions for penguins. the open sea is their hunting ground, providing a rich supply of food. their preferred dish is cruel, but they also eat and show these crabs and even octopus, the what the

flightless birds rear their young on land. some species build nests from small stones. others lay their eggs and rocky burrows. their caves. like the magdalana penguin. the ad for contained with nest directly on the beach digging small hollows in this end. penguins incubate their eggs for one to 2 months depending on the species. so the north pole wouldn't be a suitable environment because it's not solid ground, but it's mostly formed only of ice, which is constantly moving. some species can cope with a mild climate, but none like it really hot. so the warm water is at the tropics act like a natural barrier, stopping penguins from moving further north. the still, they've occasionally been spotted way up north in recent decades. but scientists

believe they didn't swim that far on their own. it's possible they were picked up by fishing boats, reaching as far north as the coast of canada. another possibility is that cruise liners took him north at the southern most point on earth in central antarctica, there are no penguins. the south pole is much too far from the sea. only a few bird species make it that far like the south color schema. but it can also fly. because what is read? why do you have a science question? they will send it in by a voice message text oh video. so if we onto it on the shows, you'll get a little surprise as a thank you. come on just dos for

traveling long distances. most of us take a vehicle. it might be a car wreck, show a trump a boat or we guess on the plane for the environment. it's not so good. but new materials and fields help reduce the impact of planes on how well these boeing triple 7 is getting a new skin reflect. film is being glued onto the cropped fuselage and engines piece by piece, each measuring one me to by 50 centimeters. that's 950 square meters film for each croft, adding up to a good $1800.00 pieces of film. but huge task beginning step forward is here in groove. the difficult thing is to position the film correctly. and also there are no wrinkles pop as the source of the aircraft fuselage is curved, so that's the difficult part of the vehicle. that is all all 12 i've swiss airlines

loan hole. boeing, triple 7 across will be equipped with the arrow shock. ridley film, the material was developed by newton's attached nik. i'm the chemicals company, p a s f is inspired by shock, skin shock, slide smoothly through water tanks impart to that unique scales. these dental dental goals have tiny grooves that minimize friction, the river that fill mimics the properties of shock, skin, reducing surface friction. when the plane is in the the structure on the film is barely visible to the naked eye. on the depth of the group is about the damage or of a human hair. you can't see it. if you run your finger nail over it, you hear it. according to the lines calculations, this boom will save nearly $5000.00 tons of canvassing annually. and over 15000 tons of c o 2,

that's equivalent to the amount submitted by 87 long flights from civic to them by the actual fuel savings amount to just 1 point one percent. that sounds like a tiny drop in a very knowledge tank. but aviation expert, andreas fitness puts it into context. itemized by the time 1 point, one percent doesn't sound like much, but it's a contribution with guides that we're operating in a system is technically highly developed. and only small steps are possible. if i go to i, the only big step is sustainable fuel to everything else is small steps being fine tuning an existing system. i'm stating this is shane creation. the industry is pending its height on sustainable fuel either bio kerosene, produced from sun waste oil, synthetic fuels produced in a chemical process. but as yet, the amount of available tentative fuel is negligible. approximately 100000000

meters we produced last year. but on average, the global aviation industry requires more than 1000000000 liters of aviation fuel per day. and sustainable fuel is many times more expensive than fossil kerosene. this intention stoves, synthetic fuel is currently the only way to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, more or less. but the general public has to be willing to pay for it. because at this stage of production is ramping up, synthetic fuel is significantly more expensive to passengers, airlines, society and government has to do their bit to make it work out. sage officer stopped so in the us ongoing. swiss will be the well 1st passenger airline to synthetic fuel regularly starting next year, adopting the new across skin technology is what on its way. but the goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2050 is still

a long way off. the idea of expanding a radius of movement is not just a modern one. there has been countless inventions throughout history. not all of them have survived into the modern era. but we don't always know why not. historians were curious about one particular ministry both used in the roman empire . so they built a replica to try it out. the lake in southern germany provided the backdrop for this started a big day for boat builders and scientists from l long and university. last summer, they finally managed to launch a purpose build for ton vessel, the daniel vena a lot. chris. it's a replica of a roman patrol boat. they want to study how the river danube was used as a natural border. why did the romans use this kind of boat to patrols or borders?

the scientists help to find out which by testing about, for historian buddhist hire, it was the start of an unusual experiment on the river down you the job of district. we've staked out 40 kilometers stages just as they will require everything from the rowers. this is not a light rolling boat for me, it's a 4 ton barge of it's 40 degrees celsius today. most months, so it will be tough cronin and volume. boris. diana and his team already have previous experience with an older type of ship. in 2018. they built the free to reach yanna alexandria, novice or f a and the 2 ships were among those most used by the romans. the tests are a unique opportunity to come to me to clear them. this will enable us to understand how the romans were able to defend and monitor their water borders. and today we

can actually test these 2 boats against each other directly to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each design funding votes call to me, you can for centuries, the line ease mark the outer border of the roman empire. it stretched from scotland and the north across europe to what is today, the middle east and north africa. a line of defense that was more than 5000 kilometers long. our perception of the frontier is mainly shaped by monuments like heat rains well in prison. for the upper germanic region line, ease in germany. but today we know that the river borders, like the rhine and the dining, we're actually much more important for the roman empire auto autonomy because they were necessary for trade and for exchanging information about the ryan and the danube were like the free ways of antiquity. the danube frontier is littered with

key former roman settlements the like. regensburg, for example, the style being for pass out the danube line. ease of loan runs through multiple countries including austria, slovakia, hungry and romania. after the official launch the tests with the daniel vina, allat chris finally got underway for his dryer was confident they would reveal many new insights. give out more time to get tests. we're going to do a number of tests because we assume the roman somehow managed to land on the right bank, not the enemy bank. that's very important for the down human. you know, we have to somehow figure out what kind of sales they use to do that. the test on best productions. com. the problem is no one knows what kind of sales the romans used on rivers like the danube. in previous experience,

researchers have always used rectangular sales. so boris, ty at wants to try out triangular or so called routine sales. at the end of the 1st century, the romans still used the mediterranean style boat, 16 meters long, and mainly made a soft wood like the 1st replica. the group made the s a in this new one, the daniel vina. allat chris is a replica of a river ship from around $358.00, be made of solid oak and 18 meters long for the romans. it was a new type of boat influenced by the sounds and it appears to have been an overnight success. is avoided, was like the volkswagen of ancient military shipping and caught on really quickly. but we don't know why it's not a single forest. i think the boat was perhaps especially well suited to rivers, perhaps also with the sales another inside that their trip down the down,

you could give them the team planned 5 days for the journey. their clothing and equipment was adapted to be as close as possible to what the romans would have used. this for a long time. we've slowed down to 31 strokes when we've settled in the danube, and we're moving with the current. we're moving to shift operations. we're moving 4 kilometers an hour. we've slowed down. the aim here was to measure and compare the speed of the 2 boat designs. and it turned out to be an acid test with the tough conditions. without current or even wind. the crews had to fight for every meter of their progress on the down you. the intense heat made it even more exhausting. almost one week and 200 kilometers later, dias team finally made it to the finish line and paso. but they were forced to

leave the f a and behind on route because too many crew members dropped out with all those involved, still consider the journey on the down. you blowing these a success you see, i'm a kid. so it said that these room and fords for 15 kilometers a part. so that was the distance they controlled. they have my respect sailing downstream. you go with the current, but 15 kilometers upstream is quite a distance. so they just took the how many smokers didn't human stories now really experienced alignments and appreciate how much harder and therefore, greater the achievement of the romans was. of course, this was routine for them. the best able to alternate between the, the era of the line east ended with a collapse of the roman empire. the scientific mission, with the daniel vena alive, chris ended on reaching paso. now the data has to be analyzed. but 1st, a refreshing break

to for this edition of tomorrow, today will be back next week with most sign stories. see you then by the

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. this is dw news coming to you live from berlin. nato's annual summit begins in building us with a path opening for sweden to join the alliance. data is chief says he's confident the allies will also unite around a vision for ukraine becoming a member from cranes present. one of them is less.