to action, the future is the determines now, europe revealed part 5 of our series. 45 minutes on d w. we are all set and we're watching closely. we all seem to bring use a story behind the news. we roll about unbiased information all 3 months. of age, which is smell. did you remember from childhood days? the smell of grass? no, no. chicago, it's my mom isn't a mazda. okay. who is vince ah, nice smell when you opened the window on a summer morning after it's been raining of good things to the swimming pool, swimming pools and the smell of chlorine phone crew, a smell of bug food vanish,

policy, one like the air in the mountains with the moisture troubles now quite take a little too much and how do you feel any smell that it feels like home? what do you know about the link between smell and memory? find out why we so send a mental and other secrets of the brain. now, on tomorrow to day, very symbol of love, and they smell wonderful on that frequency can also help you learn new vocabulary. according to a gen and research team, the scent of roses helps to brain retain information. my advice, just as we know, that send plays a very special role in learning. so we by, you know, it's been dates will come when we learn vocabulary or anything we learned in a specific context. one is keep flipping smells, something that you often smells in your childhood. you're immediately transported back up to it and the contents of it fits into

a level to investigate exactly how sense influence on the brain. nearby images to you can call my on his team, conducted an experiment. for a 165 test subjects were given envelopes and how to study japanese vocabulary for 3 days. cost study participants had a sent it on the field with dried rose petals. the control group unscented on the loops filled with the plane scraps of paper. those who was surrounded by just send a rose as did best to in the vocabulary test. remember, and on average 8 and a half percent more of a cabinet rate. the team observed that the center proved especially effective when the autism and spot and the time pressure sites when there's not much time or there's just a lot to learn. there's sent appears to act like a kind of brain booster helping it retain as much as possible this month to move on to some of the study participants were exposed to the rose center,

not only while they studied, but also while they slept. the research is wanted to know if this would help the brain's store move. the new information i'd be interested in question is, what are the criteria for our brains to decide what goes into the long term memory and what doesn't. and beyond that, can external factors influence this decision making process for an hour. and that's where center comes into play when i come to to fix. that's because sense can influence the brain while we're sleep or learning specifically to keep a compass which mediate between short and long term memory proceedings. miles is directly connected to the compass. information of sold the same time, 10 inches long term memory more deeply. at least not the theories and sleep also plays a crucial rolls and experiments and

a slightly lower tray have shown that during the deep sleep phase, the brain reorganizes that these parts of what it is learned and decides which information is moved into the long term memory sense effectively reactivate. so what was that during the day when these and then when what was learned is reactivated in the brain. the proper ability increases that people be consolidated and it can only be what exactly happens in the brain during this process remains a mystery. but brain scans show that smells, can activate the compass even in deep sleep. if the brain has already associated information with a sense during the day, the st alone can help it to store it at night. one possible explanation, the same nerve cells activated that we're already finding when the person was awake . in order for the sense to help with learning, it has to be used in an actual test. for example, of a category test. this helps the brain access to what it is, then at least for

a few days. but the scent of roses doesn't protect against guessing. the effect doesn't appear to be long term. however, it definitely can help with short term vocabulary learning. but why roses? it's actually quite random. it was the frequency used in the 1st study on the topic . latest studies also use rove cent, so that the results could be easily compact. this of, that's why we and many other colleagues use rows fragrance because of the original study uses rose fragrance of a but i'm firmly convinced that other fragments is also work. but that has to be shown of course in further studies. so it's possible that lavender, both interest, for example, can also help consolidate learning. at least initial time. researches are still figuring out how the brain stores information in memory and processes it at night

button. and then the next time someone gives you roses, they can also help you vocabulary learning skills. our brains also help us feel emotions. the bose, which is a viewer from bosnia and herzegovina with a truly timeless question on this subject. the word is love. it's a sensation that puts out bodies interest stations. imagine, see, similar to when danger lose, the brains go into overdrive sending out like hotel if different, new, or transmit is that stimulates all senses and ignite a firework, of intense feelings. in the 1st phase of falling in love, a blog is flooded with a gentleman. that's the same hormone that's triggered by exploration of stress and

gives you bucks of flies and you'll stomach it causes ops you close to die late. the body is push on that causing blood pressure impulse to rise. meanwhile, oxy towson helps with funding and developing trust oxy. towson is often dep cuddle hormone, as it's produced through physical contact, documented serotonin, known as the happy hormones are of course, also positive. being in love, but in the early phase also are turning levels of from fluctuate. for example, when intoxicating happiness tends to desperate low name. when was separated from the one we love, the studies of brain waves show that being in love especially activates the areas of the brain that are responsible for sexual edges or so can we

can to that this home and comp sale was only created by nature to ensure that we focus on one partner during reproduction, in time of bodies getting used to the high level doses of home at the end, after 2 to 3 years at the latest. the immediate thrill of infatuation is that we do commit to long term partnerships and are keen to help each other out. that's because with social creatures he derives satisfaction from supposing each other's researches have identified specific parts of the brain that enable us to feel empathy. i found 20 years yesterday freshman. unfortunately, i've been strictly schematic because my research has shown that we are all fundamentally empathetic people very much so in youth as the tut soon when ever the

situation. and we simply feel what other people feel like test here are basically to find our western world. we tend to see each other very much as individuals. but what my research has shown is how strongly were shaped by the people around us. and even though it's a one say home, just young kinds of is a new really scientist. a lot of his research has focused on how well brains empathize with other people go. his research with quite a presumptive experiment. first thought into is for us to undergo an m r i scan. so that's things you want to understand how our brains enable us to empathize with other people's feelings. countries. we needed to be able to trigger certain emotions during the scan. and pull is this hi steve of the most. so we had to find

a stimulus that could be vocal, powerful emotions and come when i remember, cuz he's got to be a good form. and one way we found him doing that was the place in a seizure mask on the test person, and then introduced various smells through the mask during the scan. and i'm thinking most chicken, a whole chain reaction and all brains, when mostly unaware of within many seconds, we register whether this money is pleasant or not. and we respond accordingly also with a physical reaction. if the smell is repulsive, we automatically put a fake. some want to leave the stomach tract running stream cases. we might even throw out it was these kind different pulse. it smells. christian kinase is tested. i'm the good one smell that works really well is you teoric acid? is it really smells like butter that's gone, really rancid. google of nice. in the next run, the test participants,

just old videos of people looking disgusted without smelling anything for themselves. the procedure was shown here is what happens when the test participants smells something unpleasant themselves for get kicked up. the so called incident or is exit, which we know is involved in processing smiles. where it gets interesting is when we look and see what happens when the touch of the candidates, just see other people responding to bad smells, given days, the two's guns on top of each other. the b as in white show what they call relate. then come on you, you can see how a part of their own experience of disgust was reactivated activity. it said then the in seen, they really feel their stomach contracting. for example, somebody be the magnitude or they sense the and pleasant tastes or smells and it

gets smack out with activation and the insane the knowing how bad we feel when we're in pain. we have an automatic edge to help. the brain rewards us for that. when we do something good, it releases the whole names, they lower our stress levels and strengthen and mean systems that even effect salt dna, dining down so called risk genes, which would otherwise promote inflammation or chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease, cancer or dimensions. so choices of remaining healthy increase but some people don't seem to have any sense of empathy. so there's little christian kinds of studies this going to want to to understand what happens and what goes wrong. in these cases, we worked with

a number of psycho pads from high security jails and also because of the investigative dodd. and what we observed is that when the psychopaths watched others suffering pain, the area of the brain involved and feeling pain was hardly activated at all. on the tune for an ice deep so. so at 1st we thought ok, maybe psychopaths do the terrible things they do because they just can't feel pain in thinking kind of but psych of us are often very good me placing people to do that. they actually have to be able to empathize quite well. so the research has told them to actively imagine themselves in the place of the victim he was currently experiencing pain. suddenly the brains responded, just like those of the sophie test participants that they tend to be a good man. the single one of us that made us realize that the problem is not that psycho pads. so we're unable to emphasize. it's just that they don't empathize

spontaneously on. they only do it when they want to know done it to finish the material volume. another surprising finding, we can old regulate on level of empathy according to the response to read it. or did you burn yourself depending on the situation? i'm the on your let's go on cool. let. christy on kaiser is now studying whether it's possible to help people with mental disorders become more empathetic. he already succeeded in doing the opposite in another study setting that entity can be suppressed. if i do find the experiment was actually quite simple and we showed each candidate a person being slapped on the hand on them. and then we gave them 6 zeros each and said they could choose what to do with it. they could keep the 6 euros, but then this poor person would have to be slapped again just as hard and with what

does or they could give some of it away. right? every year they gave away the slap would be 110th less painful, because for that test, on the 1st go, they found the heart of the slot, the more money the candidates gave away. so once it's gone, then we measured how that behavior changed. when i use the magnetic stimulus to disrupt the activity in the so matters sense record, texas teeth ends and lots of things organize can call, takes a touch through it. that's the part of the brain that receives pain, even when just watching it being inflicted on audits. the temporary disruption to this function meant the candidates response no longer depended on the strength of the something. they couldn't differentiate the pain anymore. so several parts of the brain, the networks have to work together in order for us to be suitably empathetic, being empathetic, his own natural state. when we use that to help others,

if you're feeling better, ask you to the i'm getting the entity to actually make us cookie and contents, which could help us to keep healthy myself in may 2023. this story gone at global interest, a paralyzed man walking again. thanks to electronic brain implants, these devices, we quote his brain signals and send the data to a possible computer. that data has been transmitted to another implant in his spinal code, which pauses only instructions, the simple daily task of going to the market to get for street was something that got to you on really messed the 40 year old with less paralyzed officer, an accident. 12 years ago now he can once again enjoy this simple pleasure. the dutchman is the 1st person to receive a new type of double implant. that creates

a direct new or electrical link between the brain and the spinal cord via a wireless digital interface. doubt to young can control his paralyzed legs with his intentions. it's cool, it was the 1st time i bought something in the market while walking. so the right spirit get john comfortable perfectly that he can do things that were until recently impossible for him. with a walking age he can stand, woke and to even climb stairs through training, his movements are improving from day to day. listen, you are scientists of being researching the technology for many years now in a fast version. that was just an implant in the spinal cord. the come ons to walk came via a tablet. now this and by the brain to a processing unit, and the movements a mo, natural socratic with the preprogrammed stimulation walking, was much more robotic. not very fluid. now though,

because the brain directly controls the stimulation, we have a very smooth coordinated gate escape and we'll send updates in this with paraplegic center, the research is being followed with great interest. it's not yet secure, but it's the best possible technical solution. since the head physician, these, if you, those of phoebe's is concepts. the concept within this development is fantastic to close time to come to i believe it's the future, at least until we have a therapy with which we can heal spinal cord injuries. island can cause this defect, it's definitely new and exciting and will trigger a great amount of emotions amongst our patients, how houses and biogen puts in to this new concept. harold's a new era in the treatment of many to deficits in the future. some of the technology will likely be able to restore the function of the ohms and hands as well. brain implants can also use the symptoms of parkinson's. the

treatment can reduce, trim is and muscle rigidity using electrical stimulation. many patients who suffer from the disease have benefits and jim sidle is conscious during the operation to implant electrodes into his brain. the surgeon needs him to respond and speak. zydeco was diagnosed with parkinson's in his mid forties. despite heavy medication, his tremors won't go away. he's hoping deep brain stimulation will help the citizens. we can see the tremors very clearly. now we're going to stimulate individual contacts the day before the procedure. the went down for a walk. he's not scared. he just longs for the tremors to stop. you can see how much i'm trembling to that i'm not shivering due to the cold. it's the tremor hunter, my handwriting is affected. i also leisure activities going out to eat with my wife . some people just see me for the 1st time. think i can count up to 3. they talked

down to me. the 1st time this guy and parkinson's forced him to cut down his working hours. he can't go on business trips, let alone run them, our phone, and the drugs that are intended to boost doping mean levels in his brain effect is moved. i want my life back at tubing is university hospital. they have long experience with deep brain stimulation. this brain pace maker can be adjusted as the illness gets more severe or symptoms change to be able to respond quickly. they have recently begun to use a smart watch to measure tremors, agility and sleeping patterns by his sensors. on the inside of the high can see your hand is moving about and also your arm a little bit. the vehicle does um those movements are now being recorded and stored its like

a long term monitoring fee and he's on that line testimony totally. numerous parkinson's sufferers have already under gotten this procedure world wide. it almost doesn't draw any blood. tiny holes have to be drilled into this go for the electrode implants from there on it's a highly delicate operation. planned with c t images during the operation measurements are taken to gauge whether the electrodes are in the right place. we're going to check the shows in the region step by step 10, up to flip the switch. they have to be implanted several centimeters deep into the brain. tim's idle has to continue to raise his arm. because all the tremor is also being measured via the motion sensors on your arm and the watch which we fitted yesterday with the well, if it gets done on the block column after 4 hours the electrodes are finally in

place. no team site will can finally sleep. under general anesthetic, they connect together the cables under his skin and didn't plan to bring peace maker below his collarbone. a deep brain stimulation is becoming increasingly sophisticated. growing knowledge about individual areas of the brain means more precision. as part of an international study, they are now testing how closely they can monitor a patient's condition by collecting data via smartwatch. we definitely have technology now gives us access to a constant stream of information. from what we know about daytime fluctuations. we know whether things are better or worse mornings or afternoons. we know whether a patient would benefit from an adjustment in the mid to long term from an annoying items to them. coffee t at the treatment is working for teams. idol. she is back in the hospital 8 weeks later, for minor tweaks. neurologist daniel advice switches off the brain piece,

baker 1st to see how bad the symptoms are without any correction. yes, your right hand is an out trembling a lot more to uncontrollably. uncontrollably. hold you on like that. again, my leg is a starting now. one thing i'll switch the stimulate around again. and the tremor disappears with the flick of a switch. that's it takes just a 2nd source when you switch it on or off the effect just immediate on like tablets that can take a long time. upside, i'm really pleased. it's worked for me to have something else. jim sidle can write neatly again, i can easily eat and work in the garden with his wife, the others, because i don't have to take care of my parking suits anymore. and i can look after myself and plan and didn't join my leisure time can use. i can do my tools again. i can also use a chain, sorry to cut down a branch off this,

but i prefer to do it by hand as well. i enjoy the fact that i can team is wife or even planning a trip on attend alberto. but the procedure doesn't work as well for everyone. deep brain stimulation can also cause side effects, just like medication symptoms can persist or return, but the 2 of them just want to look ahead go back on quality of life. we still have plans ahead of us and he's so young and so you would have been a shame if you haven't done a shot events. enough michigan must it to another huge benefit. he doesn't have to go to the hospital as much anymore is brain pace maker can be adjusted remotely. how have you been likely? uh, i've had to take much less medication throughout the tremor is really diminished. the negative on the doctors can access is implanted pacemaker from the hospital. of

course, data security has to be very tied as, as, as i'm concerned. that's what we get slightly increased the stimulation level today, or in those comments. i can do this right now by a remote control. yes. let's try some money stuff. it's mostly that. okay. then i'll do it. you won't notice much if i have switched it from 2 to 2 point one. i'm do you feel? all right? yeah, yes. i think it's working on electrical impulses relayed via remote control just a few years ago. that would have been science fiction. today. it's reality. this technology is improved and teams, idols, quality of life, along with it. if i let is read, why do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice message. if we answer it on the show, we'll send you a little surprise as a thank you. come on just task the

. that's all so this edition of tomorrow today, which was all about the break. we'll be back next week with most of the stories. see you then, and stay curious by the

or the gosh, i can check off the rest of them for you. okay, mark. okay, sounds good. transport is a great is cause a c, o 2 emissions in europe. and that requires urgent action. the future

is being determined. now. europe revealed part 5 of our series. 15 minutes on d. w. in good shape. everyone knows that procrastination is when you put off work until it catches up with you. now researches are saying that our instructors have the same problem. we'll share some sure and tips for handling your time to get started. on the rearing to read the not everyone

who loves books has to go insane. w literature list, hundreds of german must reads on the green. do you feel more he just asked me to neil post of the home, the green fence post cost to me is clear. we need to change the solutions or out the joint predict. sorry. the green transformation for me to do full of them. i'm not that i love and that's really i've loved her since the beginning because of her character because of her courage and how she thinks. ready this reading through today for nearly 4 decades, she's thoughts piece for the range of freedoms in their home. then they run in

spite of fob, battery government, reprisals, an inch. and if you look into how nice the 3 dots july, 29th on dw the this is dw news life in berlin, you are braces for a scorching weekend breeze closes, the acropolis is stores collapse and the heat. temperatures are set to reach extreme highs across the southern and central europe. also coming up. what's next, we're buckner mercenaries after their fail mutiny failures claims. they've arrived in the country in order to.