interesting now yeah, you can just go back to somewhere else. coverage the more people than ever on the move from world wide inside to the best in life. so why do i want to go back tonight? yeah. like, i don't have any reason. there's no reason there's nothing for me there. yeah. do you need something that is coming very very soon? yeah. can we know when the story in for migrate reliable nice her migraines? wherever they may be, the vision which is male. do you remember from childhood days? the smell of grass? no, not carrots. my mom isn't a mazda ok. here it is. vince nice smell when you opened the window on a summer morning after it's been raining of good things to swimming, pool swimming pools in the smell of chlorine phone,

crew smell of bunk food and venice. but allison, i like the air in the mountains with the moisture is the smell coy. take a little too much and how do you feel any smell that it feels like home? what does you know about the link between smell and memory? find out why we so send a mental and other secrets of the brain now on tomorrow today. very symbol of love. a nice smell wonderful. on that frequency can also help you learn new vocabulary. according to a gen and research team, the scent of roses helps to bring retain information. my advice, just as we know that send to play is a very special role in learning that we buy. you know, we spend dates will come when we learn vocabulary or anything. we learn it in a specific context. when, when is keep flipping smells something that you often smells in your childhood.

you're immediately transported back to it and the contents of what fits into a level to investigate exactly how sense influence on the brain nearby ologist you can call my on his team, conducted an experiment. a 165 test subjects were given envelopes and how to study japanese vocabulary for 3 days. cost study participants had a sent it on the field with dried rose petals. the control group, unscented on the loops filled with plain scraps of paper. those who was surrounded by just send a rose as did best to in the vocabulary test. remember, and on average 8 and a half percent more of a cabinet rate, the team observed that the sens proved especially effective when the participants, what's the time pressure? 15 sites when there's not much time or there's just a lot to learn. there's sent appears to act like a kind of brain booster helping it retain as much as possible this month to move on

to. some of the study participants were exposed to the ro sent, not only while they studied, but also while they slipped. the researches wanted to know if this would help the brain's store move the new information. finding the so i'd be interested in question is what are the criteria for our brains to decide what goes into the long term memory and what doesn't. and beyond that, can external factors influence this decision making process for an hour and, and that's where sense comes into play would come to, to fix. that's because sense can influence the brain while we're sleep or learning specifically to put campus which mediate between short and long term memory proceedings. miles is directly connected to the compass information of sold the same time, 10 inches long term memory more deeply. at least not the theories

a sleeve also plays a crucial role experiments and a slightly lower tray of showing that during the deep sneak face the brain reorganizes that these parts of what it is, none on decides which information is moved into the long term memory center. effectively reactivate, so what was the doing the day when these of them, when what was learned is reactivated in the brain, the proper ability increases that people be consolidated. it can only be in what exactly happens in the brain during this process remains a mystery. but brain scans show that smells, can activate the compass even in deep sleep. if the brain has already associated information with a sense during the day, the st alone can help it to store it at night. one possible explanation, the same nerve cells activated that we're already finding when the person was awake . in order for the sense to help with learning, it has to be used in an actual test. for example,

vocabulary test. this helps the brain access to what it is learned, at least for a few days. but the scent of roses doesn't protect against the guessing. the effect doesn't appear to be don't tend. however, it definitely can help with short term vocabulary learning. but why roses? it's actually quite random. it was the frequency used in the 1st study on the topic . latest studies also use rogues sense so that the results could be easily compared . there's a that's why we and many other colleagues use rose fragrance because of the original study uses rose fragrance of a. but i'm firmly convinced that other fragrances also work. but that has to be shown, of course, in further studies. and so it's possible that lavender, both interest, for example, can also help consolidate learning. at least initial 10. the researches are still

figuring out how the brain stores information in memory and processes it at night button. and then that the next time someone gives you roses, they can also help you vocabulary learning skills. our brains also help us feel emotions. the bose, which is a viewer from bosnia and herzegovina with a truly timeliness question on the subject. what is love? it's a sensation that puts up bodies interest agents. imagine, see, similar to when danger lose, the offerings go into overdrive sending out like hotel is different, new or transmit is that stimulates all senses and ignite a firework, of intense feelings. in the 1st phase of falling in love, applaud is flooded with

a gentleman. that's the same hormone that's triggered by exploration of stress and gives you bucks of flies in your stomach. it causes ops you polls to die late. the body is push on that closing blood pressure impulse to rise. meanwhile, oxy towson helps with funding and developing trust oxy. towson is often the cut all hormone as it's produced through physical contact. the come in and serotonin, known as the happy hormones are, of course, both positive being in love. but in the early phase also are turning levels of from fluctuate. for example, when intoxicating happiness tends to desperate low name. when was separated from the one we love, the studies of brain waves show that being in love especially activates the areas of the brain that are responsible the sexual edges. so can we

conclude that this homeland coke sale was only created by nature to ensure that we focus on one partner during reproduction in time of bodies getting used to the high level doses of home at the end after 2 to 3 years at the latest, the immediate thrill of infatuation is the fact we do commit to long term partnerships and are keen to help each other out. that's because with social creatures who derive satisfaction from supposing each other's researches have identified specific parts of the brain that enable us to feel empathy. i found 20 years yesterday bridge many folks on i've been strictly schematic because my research has shown

that we are all fundamentally empathetic people very much so in youth as it touch soon when ever the situation. and we simply feel what other people feel attached here are basically to bring our western world, we tend to see each other very much as individuals. but what my research has shown is how strongly were shaped by the people around us. and even though it's a one say home, just young kinds of isn't numerous scientist. a lot of his research has focused on how well brains empathize with other people to go his research with quite a preventative experiment. first thought into us to undergo an m r. i scan so it has things you want to understand how our brains enable us to empathize with other people's feelings. countries we needed to be able to trigger certain emotions

during the scan and for whole sometimes this high speed review, most of them. so we had to find a stimulation back to the vocal, powerful emotions and come when i'm actually it's got to be a good form. and one way we found that doing that was to place an anesthesia mask on the test person. and then introduced various smells through the mask during the scan. and i'm thinking most trigo chain reaction in our brains that were mostly unaware of within many seconds we register whether the smell is pleasant or nose. and we respond accordingly. also with a physical reaction. if the smell is repulsive, the ocean logically point of fact, some once leaves stomach tract and any stream cases we might even throw up it was these kind of repulsive smells. christian kinases tested. i'm the one smell that works really well is blue teoric acid is it really

smells like butter that's gone? really rancid. give a lot of noise in the next run. the test participants, just old videos of people looking disgusted without smelling anything for themselves. the procedure. what's shown here is what happens when the test participants smells something unpleasant themselves or get kicked up. the so called incident or is accurate, which we know is involved in processing smiles. where it gets interesting is when we look and see what happens when the touch of the candidates, just see other people responding to bad smells even days, the two's guns on top of each other b i b as in white show what they call relate then come on even here you can see how a part of their own experience have discussed was reactivated activity a to then they in see they really feel their stomach contracting. for example,

somebody's please. the magnets is, or they sense the unpleasant taste or smells and it gets smack out. would that go? sure. and the insane the knowing how bad we feel when we're in pain. we have an automatic edge to help and offering rewards us for that. when we do something good, it releases the whole names, they lower our stress levels and strengthen means systems that even effects on the dna dining down so called risk genes which would otherwise promote inflammation or chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease, cancer or dimensions. so choices of remaining healthy increase but some people don't seem to have any sense of entities to others at all. christian and kaiser studies this going to want to understand what happens and what

goes wrong. in these cases, we worked with a number of psycho paths from high security jails and also because of the investigated job. and what we observed is that when the psychopaths watched others suffering pain, the area of the brain involved and feeling pain was hardly activated at all. on the tune for the ice tape so. so at 1st we thought ok, maybe you psychopaths do the terrible things they do because they just can feel pain in painting time. but psych us are often very good manipulating people to do that. they actually have to be able to empathize quite well. so the research has told them to actively imagine themselves in the place of the victim he was currently experiencing pain. suddenly the brains responded, just like those of the healthy test participants. that they tend to be a good man to single one of us and that made us realize that the problem is not

that psycho pads. so run able to empathize. it's just that they don't empathize spontaneously on. they only do it when they want to know done mid to 15 minutes, feeling volume. another surprising finding. we can old regulate on level of empathy according to the response to meet it. hello, did you burn yourself? depending on the situation? i'm the let's go include that. christy on kaiser is now studying whether it's possible to help people with mental disorders become more empathetic. t already succeeded in doing the opposite in another study setting that entity can be suppressed. if i do find the experiment was actually quite simple and we showed each candidate a person being slapped on the hand on them. and then we gave them 6 zeros each and said they could choose what to do with it. they could keep the 6 euros, but then this poor person would have to be slapped again just as hard and with what

is or they could give some of it away. right? every year they gave away the slap would be 110th less painful. because for that test, on the 1st go, they found the heart of the slump, the more money the candidates gave away. once, once it's gone, then we measured how that behavior changed when i use the magnetic stimulus to disrupt the activity in the so matters sense record checks and tape the ends and lots of things organize from call takes it, touched throughout, that's the part of the brain that receives pain even when just watching it being inflicted on audits. the temporary disruption to this function meant the candidates response no longer depended on the strength of the something. they couldn't differentiate the pain anymore. so several parts of the brain that a networks have to work together in order for us to be suitably empathetic,

being empathetic, his own natural state. when we use that to help others, if you're feeling better, ask you to the, i'm getting them good. entity can actually make us cookie and contents, which could help us to keep healthy. myself. in may 2023. this story gone at global interest, a paralyzed man walking again. thanks to electronic brain implants, these devices, we quote his brain signals and send the data to a possible computer. that data is been transmitted to another implant in his spinal cord, which posts as only instructions the simple daily task of going to the market to get for street was something that gap gian really missed. the 40 year old was less paralyzed off. you're an accident. 12 years ago now he can once again enjoy this simple pleasure. the dutchman is the 1st person to receive

a new type of double implant that creates a direct and your logical link between the brain and the spinal cord via a wireless digital interface. doubt to young can control his paralyzed legs with his intentions. it's cool, it was the 1st time i bought something in the market while walking. so the right spirit, john comfortable, perfectly. so he can do things that were until recently, impossible for him. with a walking age he can stand, woke, and even climb stairs through training. his movements are improving from day to day . listen, your scientists have been researching the technology for many years now in a fast version that was just an implant in the spinal cord. the come ons to walk came via a tablet. now this and by the brain to a processing unit, and the movements a mo, natural socratic with the preprogrammed stimulation walking, was much more robotic,

not very fluid. now though, because the brain directly controls the stimulation, we have a very smooth coordinated gate escape and we'll send updates in this with paraplegic center, the reset is being followed with great interest this moment yes, a cure, but it's the best possible technical solution says the head physician, these are few, those are phoebe's is concepts. the concept within this development is fantastic to close time to come to i believe it's the future, at least until we have a therapy with which we can heal spinal cord injuries, island can assist you. it's definitely new and exciting and will trigger a great amount of emotions amongst our patients. so houses, and by using 10 to this new concept, harold's a new era in the treatment of maybe 2 deficits in the future. some of the technology will likely be able to restore the function of the ohms and hands as well. brain implants can also use the symptoms of parkinson's. the

treatment can reduce, trim is and muscle rigidity using electrical stimulation. many patients who suffer from the disease health benefits teams idol is conscious during the operation to implant electrodes into his brain. the surgeon needs him to respond and speak is idle, was diagnosed with parkinson's in his mid forties. despite heavy medication, his tremors won't go away. he's hoping deep brain stimulation will help the citizens. we can see the tremors very clearly. now we're going to stimulate individual contact the day before the procedure. he went down for a walk. he's not scared. he just longs for the tremors to stop. you can see how much i'm trembling through that. i'm not shivering due to the cold . it's the tremor hunter, my handwriting is affected. i also leisure activities going out to eat with my wife

. some people just see me for the 1st time. think i can count up to 3. they talked down to me. so i posted this guide and parkinson's forced him to cut down his working hours. he can't go on business trips, let alone run them, our phone, and the drugs that are intended to boost doping mean levels in his brain effect is moved. i want my life back at to being ins, university hospital, they have long experience with deep brain stimulation. this brain pace maker can be adjusted as the illness gets more severe or symptoms change to be able to respond quickly. they have recently begun to use a smart watch to measure tremors, agility and sleeping patterns by his sensors. on the inside of the high can see your hand is moving about and also your arm a little bit. the legal does um those movements are now being recorded and stored

its like a long term monitoring fee and he's on long testimony tooling. numerous parking son suffers have already under gotten this procedure world wide. it almost doesn't draw any blood. tiny holes have to be drilled into the school for the electrode implants from there on it's a highly delicate operation. planned with c t images during the operation measurements are taken to gauge whether the electrodes are in the right place. we're going to check the shows in the region step by step 10, up to flip the switch. they have to be implanted several centimeters deep into the brain. tim's idle has to continue to raise his arm. the system that gets all the tremor is also being measured via the motion sensors on your arm and the watch which we fitted yesterday with the well. if it gets done on the block column,

after 4 hours the electrodes are finally in place, no jim sidle can finally sleep. under general anesthetic, they connect together the cables under his skin and implants the brain pace, maker below his collarbone. deep brain stimulation is becoming increasingly sophisticated. growing knowledge about individual areas of the brain means more precision. as part of an international study, they are now testing how closely they can monitor a patient's condition by collecting data via smartwatch. definitely technology now gives us access to a constant stream of information indicated from what we know about daytime fluctuations. he is back in the hospital 8 weeks later, for minor tweaks and neurologist down your advice, which is off the brain piece. baker, 1st to see how bad the symptoms are without any correction. yes, your right hand is an out trembling a lot more to uncontrollably. uncontrollably. hold you on like that again.

my legs are starting now. one thing then, i'll switch the simulator on again. and the tremor disappears with the flick of a switch. it takes just a 2nd for when you switch it on or off the effect just immediate on like tablets that can take a long time. upside. i'm really pleased. it's worked for me to have something else . jim sidle can write neatly again, i can easily eat and work in the garden with his wife, the others, because i don't have to take care of my parkinson's anymore. and i can look after myself and plan and didn't join my leisure time. and i can do my chose again. i can also use a chain, sorry to cut down a branch, but i prefer to do it by hand, but some stuff i enjoy. the fact that i can team is wife or even planning a trip on a canal boat, but the procedure doesn't work as well for everyone. deep brain stimulation can

also cause side effects, just like medication symptoms can persist or return, but the 2 of them just want to look ahead. let's go back how quality of life we still have plans ahead of us and he's so young. and so you would have been a shame if you haven't done a shot events enough and just you must it to another huge benefit. he doesn't have to go to the hospital as much anymore. his brain pacemaker can be adjusted remotely . how have you been likely? uh, i've had to take much less medication at the tremor is really diminished. the negative on the doctors can access is implanted pacemaker from the hospital. of course data security has to be very tied, 2 of them couldn't, but that's what we get slightly increase the stimulation level today. and those comments i can do this right now. fire remote control. yes. let's try some money

stuff. that's mostly that. okay, then i'll do it. you won't notice much if i have switched it from 2 to 2 point one . i'm. do you feel? all right? yeah, yes. i think it's working on electrical impulses relayed via remote control just a few years ago. that would have been science fiction. today. it's reality. this technology is improved and kittens, idols, quality of life along with it. let us read. why do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice message. if we answer it on the shows, we'll send you a little surprised as a thank you. come on, just task the that to so this edition of tomorrow today, which was all about the break. we'll be back next week with most of the stories.

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