to because of her character, because of her courage and how she thinks most rains to today lives, mother annoyed for nearly 4 decades. she's for peace for me, for brace of freedoms in your home, then the run in spite of bob barry tries or children should not inherit science from us the an income. if you look into the nice stats, july 29th on w. extreme weather conditions and no end in sight. more and more parts of the world are reporting you. heat records, temperatures, sometimes we change of life threatening levels like in the us or in china is northwest. this come from this forest fires, burn thousands and thousands of urgently needed treats. torrential rains cause

floods in one part of the world, while others are seeing droughts. the fact is whether extremes are on the rise, or as has only heated up by an average of $1.00 degrees. if the goal of limiting warming to a maximum of $1.00 degrees where to be beached effects would probably be even worse . so on to the point we ask record teeth, drought, and extreme weather. can we still adapt the hello from berlin and a warm welcome to this week's to the point? i'm have you know? yes, and i'm joined by our guests in the studio this week that i'd like to introduce. tell you i came side is the head of energy, transportation, and environment at the german institute for economic research. matthew car, niche. nick is a journalist and correspondent with its political here in berlin and mcclendon.

miss danielle is the head of migration and diversity at germany's. i'm just based on the 12 you welcome. thank you for taking your time for being with us today. and cody, i'd like to start with you in this very complex, but the topic that different differently also hits everyone. everyone is talking about the heat waves. storms hurricanes in the summer, here in europe. and you have some say this is just the regular weather phenomena. what has changed, what is different? now, what is different is that we have more weather extremes. that means the fires that we see the droughts and also sometimes extreme rain falls, which could also bring, i mean, some kind of extreme cases and all of the world. and this has been changed, it's not only whether it's climate change, and that means that the global level of a 1 point one to one degree celsius. and if it reach us more,

then we see more and extreme weather events all over the slope. now the seems like something that is getting more extreme and some are shocked. mcclendon, i'd like to ask you this is maybe a little bit newer in the northern hemisphere, but the so called global south has seen it a long time ago. so are we only doing this level of coverage because it's dark skies in new york city and extreme temperatures enroll or the staff is the so, i mean, um, they had been always cyclists of drought in many countries in africa and cyclists of slots. rising sea levels, if it's right in mediation country, so we had it in the history. but now the, the, the amount of climate change has been changing the, the, the lifestyle of people dramatically. people uh heavily under pressure because they have been losing their lives. stokes stimulate losing their farms. so low cost of

a flight at the areas it's addressed. so the implication of climate change is massive in other countries. so still we, we are affected by it, but we're still in a privileged. cool. i would say so the fits in other hemispheres themselves and hemisphere in nature, in africa, in that, in america is massive. so i think we need to shift that perspective as well. that's who you come from. vigorous state of arizona that has been particularly hit in the last few days. what are you hearing from people that call as well? it is always hot. there to be fair at this time of year it's always well above a 100 degrees fahrenheit. in, in the forty's celsius, what's changed now is that you have really long periods of really extreme heat. and so you're looking at 45 to 48 degrees over weeks and it's, it's really something i think that, you know, people start to feel in their bones in a way that they don't normally my,

my mother has a dog that she likes to take walking for example, but now the sidewalks are too hot to, to take the dog out. so she had to put little boots on the dog. unfortunately, i think he ate some of the boots, had to find another solution. but it is really is gotten to the point where even at night where, because it's a desert there, it normally would cool at night. it's no longer really falling. you know that much at night, the temperature. so it's, it's really something that is, is hitting everybody who lives, who lives in that region. everybody is feeling it and you have discussions about time and are always difficult. and to a certain extent abstract, nobody can really predict exactly what is going to happen tomorrow or in a month. but a simple look at the disasters of the last few weeks already shows that evidence of the destructive force of climate change is hard to ignore. as the us as being hits public to, to the halls by extreme heat waves in the west and south of the country,

there are records temperatures of up to 46 degrees celsius. the national weather service will double extremely dangerous. each wave with no cooler temperatures. insightful millions of people in china and southern europe also suffering under record high temperatures. deep waves are prompting health warnings, tourist sites, the closing due to extreme with the world wide. it's the hopes of june on records. the extreme droughts increases the danger of new fires. world wide in canada, wild volumes happened out of control for weeks. clouds of smoke have even reached a year of months of drought and no rainy seasons in many regions of south america and africa. there is no bullshit and no food which makes them on habitable. incomplete calm, trusts, her friends shall reign in india is causing slots on land slides in the northern parts of the country. dozens of people have lost their lives and large parts of the

capital city. deadly on the whole time. will it only get worse? that's of course the question, it's hard to stay optimistic when we see images like that. it tells you as a researcher, the will look at words. unfortunately, yes, because we see from all we know from, from climate science, that it shows that the emissions at the has been all by the in the atmosphere will bring more extreme events like this in the future. and this is what we cannot, i mean, stuff anymore. this will happen for sure, but what we can do is to bring the emissions down the global and we know as cost emissions coming from fossil fuel burning down to a level that the most severe impacts can be. can the license so to say, and that can be, i stopped not stopped but to limit it to a certain extent and that is what we have to do. but unfortunately,

we see only this is only the beginning and we received much worse impacts in the future. why is it so difficult to prove? you bring people on board though? matthew, people see the images. they hear that the solutions are there. do you think maybe people think that it's not going to hit them personally? i think that's one aspect of it. and the other aspect is that people don't want to give things up if you have a nice s u, v, for example, and you live in the united states and you liked driving that car. if you have a big air conditioner of cooling, your, you know, 10000 square meter house, those are things people are, are wants to give up. i mean, i'm exaggerating with these examples, but i think that that's part of it because, you know, i think ultimately to resolve these problems it's going to mean that we're going to have to change the way we live. and i think that reality has, has not hit enough people in the wealthier countries around the world,

including the united states and including much of europe still, i would argue a lot of people on, on or off have to give things up because they have no choice but to we have a choice and we can still drive s u v, which is electric driven, for example, or the air conditioning coming from renewable energy. electricity might be an alternative. so he and the rich countries, we have technological solutions which we can or which are there, but we have to implement into the full so she will not be as very strong in trying to extend the business models as long as they can. but the we have solutions which we can change, but you mentioned an important point. some people have no choice. and the kind of, in some countries, people actually have to leave where they live in order to find another place that is a habitable that seems to move some people here in europe, the fear of the climate migration, which is a real threat. do you think that could lead to more climate action ultimate as well

this the scenario, the other threats, perhaps migration is something also which is which people also feel as a threat in north america in europe. so when we are discussing here, we feelings, what are the effects of climate change for us? so how do we convince people, how do we bring more consensus? that's the one thing. the other thing is we have to up, urgently in other areas of the world, cause for them, it's not something in the future is already the reality. so they is a huge pressure actually, as a human being or as a mankind, we have to be extremely vigilant and also find an urgent solution because people are already losing their existence. so that's the reality when we are here still struggling to give up some of our privilege. so how do we manage all privilege? so we're talking about management or privilege here,

but others are already struggling to survive. so these are the 2 narratives we have in this global debate. but how do you make that case? matthew, at no politician will stand up and say, hey, we will have less economic growth. you will have less privileges, but will going to be more sustainable. how does that work? well, i think what has to happen is what's happening now to, to really get people's attention about the dire situation that we're in globally. because until you get temperatures like what we're seeing in rome, or like what we're seeing in, in greece now, for example, or in, in and in the us and parts people to start paying attention. there was a massive flood last year, for example, in pakistan, thousands of people were killed. i mean, this is, you know, instead of a biblical proportions, this flooded, i don't think that anybody in europe, you know, is, is talking about that anymore, or has any sort of, you know, real knowledge of what the consequences of, of that flood were. although they were, they were epic and i think it really has the heat home here before people. well,

you know, really start taking it seriously. and before that is transferred into actual policy . you have the kinds of things that cloudy is talking about. there are potential solutions. we're not there yet. but, you know, germany, for example, is trying to shift to renewable. energy use is made a lot of progress on that front, but it's still burning cold. for example, china is still opening new coal fired power plants, for example, which is incredible when, when you think about where we are. so i think, you know, it needs to really hit home and these countries and for people to steal it personally before we're going to see genuine change. when we talk about making an economic case as well. we know that there are potentials, but people don't seem to get it that the actually doing clement action can bring more. well, yeah, and it's good because if you look at the solutions like an electric. * are for example of costs, it's now more expensive than a conventional car,

but this is changing soon. and then the people have a choice or also electricity coming from renewables of a if you have a solar panel on your rule, it brings cheap electricity about you have to pay for the soul up on that. so i bought this all brings economic growth. and this all brings economic chances, and this is where we are, the solutions are there, but we are, we have also to face that the fossil fuel industrial wants to extend the business models. so as soon as long as they can, and they do everything to extend that. but as soon as we have solutions which are cheap and also affordable for the people, they will, they will produce it. i'm pretty sure. but what do you make of this tendency to say, there are technological solutions, you don't have to do anything. we will take care of it. well, we need both. i mean, we need the regulation where the companies, i mean, have to pay a higher suprises or have to change the business models because they're forced to

do so. on the other hand, we need solutions also for the people and the people can do itself a lot if they are, for example, installer, sol dependent on the rules that part of the solutions. and here we have solutions. but right now, especially especially in the industrial countries, we have a lot of choices, but in many of a country, so for well not. and here we need global solutions, which is very important. i think it's just, i'm at not only the ethic come tomorrow at issue, but i think they called on the incentive so. so very important that there's a lot to read by, by shifting, by having these transform mission. you know, if we're seen to the editorial income industry, so apparently pressure was necessary to shift the perspective of those companies or industries which were well established. so of course it had been a, the know how, of course they had these technologies but sometimes pressure, but also the political move is also very important in order to motivate what's

the other companies and those well established companies to make a transform mission. so i think we need both, you know, like debating, talking, but on the other side, putting some economic incentives to the whole transform mission. you mentioned that the political move can be very important pressure as well. the fact is, this battle can't be one without the 2 biggest emitters of greenhouse gases we're talking about the us and china, despite relative relations are presented as of both countries match to talk about urgently needed measures. or currently the world is facing a daunting challenge of climate response. it is necessary for china, the united states, and indeed old countries in the world to strengthen code a nation, build consensus, and speed up action. try to

show the rest of the world. so we've seen leaders of the us and china seemingly working together. what can they actually do? well, they can do a lot because combined, i think they account for about 40 percent or so of, of global emissions. and you know, china, in particular, if you look at the, the c o 2 chart of china's since 1990 or even since 2000, it looks like a hockey stick. it's gone, you know, really, really, it's a searched upward. the united states is still the, the, the largest emitter per capita, but at least is not rising c o 2 emissions haven't, haven't arisen recently. and that's, i think mainly because the us has to switch to gas natural gas and moved away from

coal. but because these 2 countries are independent economically, i think that the negotiations between them could really sort of take the world in, in the right direction. because if you look at other countries in europe, in germany, for example, accounts for only 2 percent of, of global c o 2 emissions. so whatever germany does, might say a good example, but it's not really going to move the needle further. so you need these 2 countries, you need the u. s. and china in lock step here to really take measures that are going to bring emissions down. and unfortunately, because they've been tensions between the 2 countries, over the past few years, you've seen that effort go a little bit off the rails in china for example, who started to use more coal because that's what they have at home. they don't have other sources of energy really, so they referred to using coal and i think it, it needs you need this negotiation and trust between the 2 countries in order to move this process forward. and then the rest of the world is watching regarding and maybe other countries think. why do we have to implement measures against climate

change of these 2 are responsible for so much a percentage of it? yeah, i mean, this debate, we had this the last 50 for 2 years. why do we pay the price for those emissions? you know, it's the cost all development. so how can we catch up to the development of the notes, the global notes and so on. so we have of discussion, and yet we don't have any other alternatives done really to, you know, like to push for a new agenda. a new college can transform ation it, so it's cetera. so maybe we need to jump over this admission to make the development the cost of the romans. so, i mean, it is an antique of debate. that's many the glowed global cells, hot ceaselessly. it's also right to develop. but then, you know, it is an urgent issue. because people into the club i was,

i was dying that losing their existence and also their life stokes and their homes. so every year around $20000000.00 people are living their homes because of the drought. 20000000 people within the countries the next to the neighboring countries and some even shifting to another continents. so this is the reality of right now, and maybe by the end of these century, it may be up to 1000000000 people will be on the move. so yes, the global souls has the rights to develop, but also the responsibility to be part of these trends formation. maybe we can not trust the big powerful countries. solutions can also come from a local level. the majority of the world's population lives in cities. climate change is particularly noticeable here, especially in the form of extreme heat and rising sea levels. new ideas are needed to ensure that metropolis is do not soon become uninhabited. the sea has already

engulfed most of the beach. the egyptian city of alexandria could be in ruins soon . this concrete wall is supposed to protect the cities more than 5000000 inhabitants. from rising sea level. in the netherlands, closing houses are being used to adapt to the rising water level. shapes is stored in s house and concrete to come about this green spaces. used. this skyscraper and single pool is supposed to cool itself. a total of 25000 square meters of vegetation helps lift his thoughts will be 7 degrees cooler than the surrounding temperature the oil. so these light colors in morocco have a cooling effect. the indian industrial metropolis food relies on parks and

expanding bike pops another method using a lot of votes. that's a cool down like the show in tokyo. how can we best protect ourselves against climate change? when you see those solutions do think that's the right way and that's where we need to. yeah, it's an important way because most of the emissions are coming from cities, but also we need to adapt. and this is why we need cooling spaces. we need more of a, i mean buildings like we're doing right now, but they at all for mall fooling my water for the people. and here we have both on the one hand solutions to protect climate by getting the emissions down, but also the solutions for helping people to adapt and to, to live in the way. uh and right now a lot of cities do not offer it. and in full, in many ways, especially if we are looking at germany, i mean to fix it is asked on,

not facing us right now, and here we need to change them. but yes, that also costs money because just cost a lot of money and money and pro much we have surveys. chris, when we talk about for example, the station was, or this something which is very, very limited, especially in the global cells. well, for example, water has been always extremely expensive, so much here in the future it would be even more maybe would have to mix conflicts around water. so this is a traveling issue. so how do we manage the transform mission, especially by having new green cities? so how can we adopt the architecture and designs which we help us? so i think this is a very good beginning, but i think the mankind has always been always dealing also with such claimants in

various regions of the world. so i think there's more knowledge in this world if we are ready and open to learn from each other and adopt other a city building measures that when you hear all of this, matthew, do think that maybe the fact that it's now hitting it hard in the northern hemisphere can actually be in a way, very carefully, a positive thing because it shifts change more quickly. well, i certainly hope so i, and i think we are, you know, seeing people, you know, concentrate more on, on, on these issues. now we're sitting here having this discussion, and i do think again the people here need to really feel it 1st hand in order to sort of spur them into action. because, you know, as, as we've heard, it's, it's, it's been a reality in, in the global south for it for some time. and if you follow the news regularly on any given day, i mean, we're feeling it right now in europe. but on any given day,

at any time of year, there's going to be, you know, side clone or some sort of extreme weather event often and most often in africa or asia and people here, 10 not to really pay attention. so i think, you know, it is also an opportunity and the question is, you know, for business in wealthy countries, how are they going to take advantage of this is as we heard the car industry, particularly in europe, particularly in germany, was very slow to recognize this opportunity to adapt to this change and they're still trying to catch up, but you've seen other companies come out via the tesla were b y, d in china, big electric car maker. and you know, take advantage of that and be very successful. so i think we shouldn't just focus on, on the positive when having these discussions because there are opportunities there as well. we have time for a very quick last round of yes, no questions. me. is there a room to be optimistic in all this? well, i mean i, i'm very pessimistic, but right now,

but there is room for optimism, i think because we have a lot of solutions of we are here, the privilege, swan and can change it. what do you see in the can? there will be up to i trust mankind to be even more to, to improve the situation. but also inventive. on the other side, we need to learn more from the perspective what the other. so it's an extremely urgent issue because people are really suffering right now. and we're trying to manage our privilege, so i think people will learn from those perspectives. this one last word from out. uh, well, i would be uh, maybe a little bit more pessimistic in the short term a bit more optimistic. and in the long term, we will definitely stay with that to all of you. thank you very much for watching. remember that can also watch our program on our youtube channel. that's the the news to look for, to the point of mine play. and i guess to all 3 of us, thank you very much for being here. hope to see you next time. take care and by

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