that is happening right now in the excessive the device that's happening over this bill could make the final load run willing to tuesday. but these people not giving out. they say that they are going to keep campaigning. so they are going to keep fighting for their democracy. as i said, see it being pulled from underneath. rebecca, waiters reporting from jerusalem. and reminder of the top story, we're following this. our grease is facing. it's a long as heat wave on record has temperatures in itself. approach 45 degrees celsius wildfires have stretched firefighting resources most recently on the gene island of rhodes or some 30000 people have been evacuated. up next, the documentary on the rush for coble. i'll see you with more news at the top of the next down. the interest, the global economy, our portfolio dw business be here's

a closer look at the project. to analyze the flight for market dominance. get a step with d, w. business beyond the, the the

thousands of people in the democratic republic of congo, d, r. c, supplying materials from global resolution within mining t, as in high demand around the world. cobalt industrial countries urgently need dimensions to make that change. the house of all the electric vehicles in the race to slow climate change cobalt has become key to the transition away from fossil fuels. paying the products, the 6 i'll make is athene and new iraq dw reno bmw, volvo,

all the big names. the conversion live plants to electric, environmental concerns a driving transition consumer on commercial internal combustion vehicles produce about a quote for greenhouse gas emissions in your other fox fog hopkins, the highest come up volkswagen and did 1200000000 euros in the side of the it's dedicated especially to the 6th grade cars we started making here, one of those to be everything was adapted and now we're 100 percent electric house . we billed 100 percent electric cars here electro show and devote i know not present lectures out to see how the sourcing and 20 says you find the jew intends to prohibit the sale of new cost with internal combustion engines. the far reaching decision impacts the whole production chain. if you want to achieve the climate neutrality in uh 30 years,

if you need to use all the technologies which are available, we are now on disputed number one. if it comes to investment into the about 30 seconds or so, we are super hug zone for an investment until they're about to reduce it to me. so it's got into the head 1st. 70 projects on going be, be, have more than $120000000.00 units of investment over the last 3 years, which is 3 and a half times more of then, uh, the money invested in china in the same sector. and so that's we are going to create a lot of just jobs and as i said, it's completely new investing most electric car batteries in here, the based on the co manganese cobalt o n m c technology which allows them to travel around 400 kilometers off to one charge the, the batteries contain lithium and about 10 kilograms of cobalt. if you look at the average high, high capacity of battery,

so the sort of thing used in tesla or volkswagen id 3. most of it is nickel, nickle is what gives the battery is extremely high range cable. it's effectively the safety mechanism. so you put a little bit of cable in you about tray, and that means that you wouldn't have thought to fires and fuel cells or will remain stable under extreme duress. the vast majority of cable comes from the democratic republic of congo. and that's essentially because there isn't really anywhere else in the world which has the same grade. so mineralogy for cable has become good. it's really there isn't really any other country in the wells which contains hospice. i'm calling to see if the pulses, quality of reserves, and it's almost like the sound to you, radius of cables. the

congo has been blessed or cursed, depending on how one looks at it. with the extraordinary geological, mineral wealth, the. and it's always been strategic, whether it was in the 19th century robber or the middle of the 20th century uranium. or more recently, the question of strategic critical minerals for the agenda that the international community has adopted the consensus that we need to move to carbon neutral, the emissions and the world requires electric vehicles. it requires renewable

energy, all of which require strategic minerals coming out of the congo. first and foremost, one could say might be, would be called on coal, boise is the cobalt capital of the world way here in the house with a call to build an industrial region location, the southern part of the sea and neighboring sand beyond a century of mining shapes the landscape, the, the seas because copper and co bolts is a notation from the provinces of new lava and applicants hung up the phone. corporations are exploring the cement swell of the 19 copico. both mines in the region 15 owned by the chinese nations of business. with the swiss glencoe group which operates to the roles most productive months. and you ration resources

good. cable is transported normally by truck down to south africa as loaded on ships and um and, and then it ships from the oven uh to china for is processed into box or chemicals . um and from there ends up in the water supply chain right now, global to mont, for k. both is in the region of 840000 tons 150, maybe. um, but were expecting that to rise to 250 in the next 5 years. and there's a lot of new demand which is going to come on to the market. and we'll, we're going to need to find supply for a ton of co, volt constituent and $70000.00 us dollars on the market. the mineral, which often occurs together with casa, has an live and mining corporation. since the battery market exploded 10 use to the they are making more and more profits. well,

residents in the mining regions even less than $2.00 a day, maybe it would be less. okay. what about us, the, the people who live in the area around the mines of it. so you've seen what co ways it looks like the fact that there are no schools like these hospitals or streets and there's other people who don't have access to drinking water. the guy likes that little, even those who do have water can drink it a little because it's contaminated with acid and member land that you the natural waterways that were in a few of the villages have already been poisoned. don't like disney, disney mining is tending to make the people poor still the, instead of bringing better living conditions that maybe way you can do something dvd popular. some of my, some thoughts here comes a lot. it's a lawyer. and to schuman rights activist, he's investigating the impact of the battery markets. the local population loss is only the consequences are already apparent at the facilities of the chinese

congress company, single means, and let's go to, well, and do you see those trucks over there? dumping out waste in that's what i called overburden or tailings from the mines in the mountains. if it had been built out where there weren't any 5 years ago, you bought it, but not us is all physical and stuff during the dry season. the dust drips down onto the fields here, difficult to recover. they've got any new lead the plot to sort through. then there's a thick layer of dust on the plants around us. is that that was, it was yeah, that's it. that's why people are growing hardly anything at all. here is google bicyclist as well because of that, does that comes from the tailings pounds over there? the of the, the, the on the controller. yeah. yeah. because of the test, but also because of the water quality in the river in front of us, you know, you know, yeah, like i do, it's kind of what we're going in and i don't to man water in there, basins overflows and the acid in its split is our feels you're welcome to send me over. how old is the money up here? and if i'm on my mind right now for the 3 years, 3 years ago, not almost,

nothing's on it to come on. could you dig out a route for things? yes, that's quite small. he was on after 3 years, it'd be much bigger than someone. what do you live on when the money across his port shit. so i got to pick the money up. he said the minute i'm selling them on the market in order to get money to buy food and give me just one of the issue is to stick with me know about this problem. i know you're welcome. yeah, to begin with. they supplied us with drinking water. what that silver perhaps they thought it's not so bad. if they die. when i'm going, i wouldn't mind one from sick. i mean, she has to be in chicago and have a look at how we live here. i see one of them through what i see the doctor tries to the governments to were citizens, doctor, we got a when i new and you know me when i come here regularly, when you say our work isn't progressing on, i assume when i get to meet up in dogs,

but since we took over your case, luckily we haven't given up got to go back up on the web. but when your representatives come to quote ways when they see that we're putting pressure on the authorities id my we my c, we've just taken up the case again to the law. lucia, you called me, it's now with an advisor to the governor. you know, and you'll, but i mean, i see thanks for your attention to the will stay in contact with your community leader. walk to buy. got you. that's one of them. yeah. go mazda. so soon as she lives, when a mine is opened as possible, is the people lose their farm land. when the village is get poisoned, come onto tv and the residents have to give up their traditional way of life. there's auntie, i'm but as bushes and the dish, nobody goes into the bush anymore. together, caterpillars and insects because there aren't any there who doesn't. does any of these yet? you won't be at no one fishes in the river anymore. yeah. so i'm going that because there is no more fish. when the water flows through the mining area has little got

him on the spot has been out of yet. this is not the points because of living. there has to be clear policy guidance, money that mine operators provide compensation for consequences like this. not exactly that the state me yet and related issues but vision. but as i said it, this is the congo least government to staying out of it. complete like to live onto peace and the mining companies and the end users of the cobalt are ignoring the problems shown the industrial mines and you would not uh end up like a tank produced 80 percent of companies, cobalt. the remaining 20 percent comes from all chase and will mine and beneath the orange tops prospect, his work and shots deep below the surface. the dealer is one of them is also one of a 150000 people who stream dean from across the country. driven by prophecy.

they're hoping to get a piece of the pie, the vehicle thinking that i came the seller nice and can shop. so it was hard. yeah, but i lost my job and they fired me through my family said we can't go on like this . i know without work and i couldn't pay the rent. could i sell it? we'll see if i'm using a key as i said, go to cold ways. it might be that there's cobalt there and you can earn a living was $82.00. so i came here and became a global prospector. i've never done it before. they put in me a flat slip, they, me one and i have these are the

it was in a while to something to was the rest of the house? the why, you know, what is the of these are, these are woods now, this is mining with your hand, but you go down the shaft, break up the stone with a crowbar and fill the sacks. then the carriers go down and bring the sacks out. i'll just go by said one like the only cool that this was the one that used to the dig up and still the sacks. then we've done our jobs because the carriers carry it

out, pulling one bag after the other to the surface of mobile mobile by like some of the women then wash the or in the leg i. e. we pay the women and the carriers and sell the or at the warehouse upgrade to the an amazing entity. a month i was scared to death the 1st time. when i got down there i started to shake all the others laughed . i think looking on my big they laughed at me because i was shaking so much that you know, my baby was sick. 9 at them lay the drum. they fully met. i was shaking with fear, but there was no going back. even though i'm a man, after all, i must go down there. well, no matter if i was afraid. so new, not many clues, old prospectus acumen landslide, to drown. one who wants to mind. thousands of families rely on what little governments and industry allowed them to mind. from their own land

the government has been trying to reconnect the seasonal mining sick just for 20 years. the law says those involved must have joined the call proceed with workers have no shares in their minds nor say in their operation. autism mining is a really important thing to track because is probably the only source of swing supply. and the global market is the only source of cobalt supply which can go up or down depending on prices. the vast majority of cable mines today is either by products of copper or by products of nickel. and if you own a massive called cable mind, for example, um, the vast majority of yuma is made on the cost. so if the price of cable somebody

suits up, you're not going to increase your. ready production rate, because you, you can't run the valve cover is great, the price of cable is going up and it increases your, your cable value, but you're not going to increase supply to meet that additional with the monkey cost because it's a blank products. so the one exception is that more or less is autism or minus that's the real cobalt. that's the yield from my mind. shall we take out $350.00 sacks and a full day of work on something consequently of $0.35. yes. if the scale is calibrated correctly, a sack weighs 20 kilo little legal issue, not a full chinese manipulate their scale to cheat c. so it turns out to be only 10, but normally they want it and then the other one must have ranking metrics. i end up getting busted ok,

new problem with this and then the measuring device might not work. then they give you a different cobalt contents for the same product. uh no, but we're forced to deal with the chinese. they cheat when it comes to the cobalt content of the or we have to sell to the bottom going on with us in a bundle. and then they come here and serve themselves. they exploit us and leave on slow anywhere card and there are nothing you'll need was really those settings and they've been able to be a possibility to be so the, so both mine is primarily sells it onto chinese entrepreneurs who are pushing into the congo. oscar and initial processing stage, they expose the middle to form boundaries the the,

the back door here really be near the body shop. the woman is, i knew it was done, and again, he said it's a big data causing us to be the one in des moines, people who said well, just thought about who the concepts and after the

suits are there. when i pay for them, i hit the wrong console, it breaks. then i look and science one isn't, is there a traces of black? i know that it's got tables and that maybe that will end up in an e cause smoke. so the, this was my 1st trip to co lazy it. what struck me most was just how the whole city

was built around the mining industry, the around and on top of these, these minerals. and just this very, very, very strong feeling that these people, the people living that should be benefiting from this extraordinary wealth. which is generating prosperity for chinese companies, european companies, american companies, but they're suffering. then all the ones benefiting from this. you know, this particular came home and in some parts of the city where homes have a being demolished, to make way, fix the expansion of industrial mines. it comes home in the parts of the city where people are digging down into the basement. so the houses are under ground to access the cobalt. it's extremely dysfunctional. i'm just international is had a program on corporate accountability and the role that companies play in human rights abuses around the world for about 15 years now. and we've,

we had done previous projects in the d. c. looking at the mining industry but, but primarily focused on the, the big industrial mines you know, during the reading about as doing some basic research about this revealed to me you know, obviously it's not a secret for anyone in the d. c. but the, the autism mining sector was becoming increasingly large, particularly when it came to cables because uh, the diggers who are risking their lives in the health to take this, this, this mccloud, they're also not receiving probably very few receiving a set price for their labor. they're being exploited financially. we found the children, the youngest 7 rate, but also involved in this, in this industry. no family wants that children to work. low child,

low 7 year old wants to be spending old a on entering, gonna entering illegally into the compound and spend all day picking up stones from the ground at risk of being beaten. pulled, roped. no one wants to do that. the doing that because the forced by the circumstances the does, that's how the day that's how they're able to afford, you know, small amount the,

the main point is that the report with it as much as 20 percent of those codes was coming from autism or mines in the d. c, we wanted to know where this cable went, who was buying this, which companies which tech companies, you know, the mobile phone manufacturers, the laptop manufacturers were using this cable in the batteries and what would they doing to, to understand the supply chain. and understand these conditions the response we got. so this report drawing the links to, you know, from the child labor autism mining the cable industry linking these mines to these famous brands, had

a massive the media pick up much more than we are expecting. no company, car manufacturer or other and consumer of call them wants to be labeled as benefiting from child labor. it's terrible publicity. it hurts, share value. if it is wrong and consumers don't like it. so it's, it's bad for business even if you are ethically atrophied and don't care on the other. if you're only self interest that you should still be against it because it's, it's bad for business. i remember when the world's really stuff in paying attention to autism. no binding, it was in 2016 with the publication of the honesty reports that we had clients who would get in touch with somebody with they would say we want known the all c cables

so you wouldn't want to. so any of our cable from the d. c. child labor isn't the comic because only problem to transition to electric vehicles or a z says make them aware of how dependent they are on calculus, cobalt and on the batteries that are manufactured primarily in asia. that's why the, you would prove to major actually development project in 2017 if you want to make sure that you are a vill also in the future, produce the best adults. so these uh, the time, most sustainable car. so you cannot simply do it if you import the dietary from somebody else, without that choice ability, valid suspecting goal based on there. so we start making sure that the carbon footprint, this is the lowest possible. and therefore we started with a little piano about city elias, and therefore we are doing this, i would say fantastic, catching up with china. so it was a bit of

a late start because we didn't to simply in the car industry perceived to city 40 years ago. that i like to mobility will be here so soon on, but it's both of the different story right now. this is actually not only good for europe and good for texting, the climate change, but they're not very clear to benefits for the, for the local communities and the for them of new jobs. new investments are possibilities and clear commitment to a site that everything has to be done. 100 percent, instead of just 10 percent of the world's batteries are produced in europe in order to gain ground by 2035. the e. u wants to build around 30, due to the factories and make the course of the global supply on the saw several heck to as a forest of already been sacrificed for the new industry and sweden. the swedish company north bolts has built the 1st enormous battery factory in europe,

squaring off against ation manufacturers. north. what was founded almost 5 years ago by peter costs and the swedish guy, and then publish it with the italian guy. they found each other working for, for tesla, be in european both of them. they then obviously start to look towards europe, which is a part of the world where we have 20 something 1000000 vehicles produced every year . we had a 1314000000 people work in this industry. and if you believe the hypothesis that all of these cars that we produce are going to go electric, not having batteries produced that scale, it's always going to be a critical thing for you. and that was sort of the premise for the idea on of north of came about. so they move back to you and the started north of that was the move towards late 2016. as a company we brought in more than $6500000000.00 off of investment. we've been fortunate to have a lot of the,

the well established car manufacturers on board from an early stage b, m. w was from perhaps the 1st one in 2018 volkswagen is a big both customer and investor in north wilson. most recently we announced a joint venture together with all the cars with them to build another one of these giga factories. in order to have independent rule materials for the new factory factories you, this operation and number of mining projects resists of cope. also be not done to fight in sweden, no way and finland the they are now to nickel cobalt mines operation that and 7 more of being developed. finland has dozens of deposit, so critical minerals and it's open just lodge areas to mining the . we have just started mines development process in the core. some of that area

has been thoroughly investigated by a former states company. and then another company after that seems early ninety's. so there's a lot of material that has been drilled from that area. and we have also done some drilling. it's promising at this moment, the power in depth of seaford do like to discuss profitable minus the international energy association estimates that we need about 20 times more coal boat through the world market that we have now. no seen live can note and we will not provide that's all we can provide some, some of that spot, but it's very cold. and for the, for example,

that com manufacturer to have the possibilities. traceability is going to be the c r p. and um, sir, to that, so i need china a domain dated production. what comes to co about finland is the only e u member that has deposits of all the minerals needed so that trees 300 kilometers from the arctic circle. the company, total salma has reactivated the mine installed come. it was closed in 2012 off to talk since leaked to the surrounding waterways and likes. a total salma is run by the finished government and trust the good on a rule materials trading company that has been convicted of environmental crimes in africa. as soon as he supplies brenda was nickel, fruits,

east. many people in europe have up sort of the wrong view on the mining activities. people still say, uh, i mean the line us with the headlights on, on the physical kind of working risk of working. but of course, the modern mining use is this is not the big to what the proteus here in, instead of off on that is the bucket of chemicals. so it's a nick us, i'll put on a couple of sulfate that feel free to use from the role but the rest of the mine, our cells. so we have a mining violated thing. and then we, we purchased for the end of the but that it coming cost me for luca cobalt. the production capacity is so $7400.00 tons of other critical sulfate again for both of the application and which is roughly for $300000.00. and that's a goal where he goes, but on the contract uh with the dental. so it covers uh,

almost one 3rd of our production capacity. but uh well this, the, the main thing from our perspective is that the doctor now we joined to be the rental. uh, building a supply chain from all the way from mining activities to pathetic chemicals. kept that month at a house about 30 sales to the uh, car manufacturing does these sustainable on the so. so we have a, a, of course being in europe and you and you're going to be have of course, a lot of forklift stuff about the environment the mother saw in, in, in taken care. you know, a couple of minor human rights labor rights in, you know, good order. according to the e. u commission by 20 says you the should be at least 30 meeting and electric

vehicles on europe's roads. yet to reach disco, 1010 or farm of factors would be needed to supply the cobalt alone. i think that the man exploration in europe is certainly a reflection of the high prices that we have now. they all going to run into the issues of the call to see if there is this, you know, i've seen, i've seen mining projects which of those days about having point 08 percent cables in the old. right. so in the congo some cable results can be as high as like 3 or 4 percent kribble. you know, for autism will sources suddenly, in the come go. some off, there's no minus slice of such high cable that you can sort of pick up a roof can it has sort of a slight blue green tint. and you can tell us things like 10 percent cable. you're not going to get anywhere in your was it's high operation costs and blue shield. you will never be a cobalt el dorado. but it could scroll big. in another case sector recycling.

within a decade, 10 percent of all the world's co both could be recycled. the belgian company, you me cool is a leader in this market. it says that in the future it will be able to recycle nearly a 100 percent of the coal, both from batteries. we started with the best for you recycling was recycling of mobile phone batteries. but knowing that electric vehicles would be just a matter of time, because indeed, the circularity, the compliment, the complementarity of mining. on the one hand, which you still need today. but it would be a ways to not recycle uh, products like kobolds and be less dependence. uh, on the on lightning for example. yeah, it will reflect the thing is a huge, huge the important market to investigate for about your muscles. because uh, because the ends the steve as flexible, it becomes a huge source of supply within your demand for within your supply full cost,

especially in the long time. so when we bills 10. ready 20 year full costs, the cables and nickel and vacuum, it becomes extremely important to one of the stands, the circularity of those supply chains. firstly, because, obviously it's a huge amount of material that's going to be coming back into the supply chain. but secondly, because it changes where the supply comes from starting in 2035, the batteries of easy sold in the year will be required to contain at least 20 percent recycled cobalt. volkswagen has a very uprising, a recycling facility for future jobs of european factory production vehicle in france. and most bolt in sweden have already taken that into consideration. they get to factories, this raw materials that we need for battery metals. they are recyclable by nature

and you can recycle them over and over again. so it's really about mining the ones and then using them forever. and, and that is the fundamental difference in this change here. and obviously, given at the speed for rolling this market, currently we're going to take a few that it's, it's going to take a while to get to a point where you have a set market, you know, one car in one car out type of market. but once you get there, you could all these standards, very circular feet are for all materials. so in 10 years, for example, the 1st generation of electric vehicles in europe comes of the, comes off the rows and if one stuffs, scrapping them and buying new vehicles that cable these batteries will be recycled in europe. and that'll be fed into the european supply chain, which means the over time, because of that, the slight thing leap come countries and regions will have a reduced dependence on african minerals

paying the m as 2 ports of 26 in the mining industry was forced to make its supply chains were transparent then in 2019 v o e c t port to get to the most important companies that are formed in coal lazy. the aim was to support them in tracing cobalt. how the magic woods due diligence we represent the largest companies in the world that have a common vision to ensure that the minerals and metals sourcing and responsible and contribute positively. the social and economic development. due diligence is a process where by companies are suppose to map the supply chains or the business relationships and operations and

identify in what way those business relationships or supply chains might be linked to human rights abuses. and if that means, okay, all the way to the point of an extraction, then so be it. and the fact that we and others have exposed, you know, range of human rights abuses. the minds means that they absolutely should go back and, and understand that risk. the due diligence also involves mitigating those risks. so it's not just a question of understanding what's going on, but will submit to mitigating them because it's a means to an end and the end is preventing human rights abuses. many manufacturers commission to service provide us the global to discover the conditions under which the cobalt was being mined. the company monitors industrial mines and

just trying to integrate the hot seasonal mines in to, to the agents programs for decades. that's been a lot of conversations that are on how to improve it as a mining not months has actually been achieved in that regard right. now, in reality, the child's name is not the only risk. like i said, the most prevalent risk on as i'm science a so and it isn't on it's most got mining size by 5 is working conditions at the moment we had a couple of days m science that has target to scale to 12. and by the end of next year, you're absolutely right to say that it isn't every, it's as non small sco mindset of course. and the reason for that is that you have around about 2 minutes has a minus in the country. if i look at the overall program and of the se, there's around about $33000.00 minus that i asked me on the, on the monitoring from uh, you know, that it's a bit of money program. if you take all the minors from all the different mindsets and the conservation, right, you drive incremental improvement,

you cannot in any way improve every single sites at the same speed. at the same time the cost, the emphasis continues to be on child labor. and with good reason, there was still thousands of children working in the small mines in the law. but if many in cios say that as a result, the other problems which cannot be solved with 2 dimensions, while i forced resettlement without appropriate compensation, environmental pollution and corruption are pushed into the background. meanwhile, millions of these continue to drive on el streets, powered by co home from the combo and the every day.

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