the. 7 actually cutting the yells in jamesville, you belong to the 77 percent to come to i just got on 65 last last your top 5 years. 1115. we are here to help you make up your mind. we are here on please find your mind. so the topics i'm much up to you from campbell fixed a new culture. and in 15 minutes, let's say together, nicholas talks about community life on the research is now on the tub. the germany is facing shortages of a precious commodity. climate change pollution and growing use are leading to water wells no longer being able to meet the demand of spots with water of

drinking quality are getting harder to find it's really got. so for me to find new water sources, even dosing is making a comeback. so if it pulls up here and your um, water shortages are even taking their toll on the very end. beer production presentation destroyed, which means it could produce a lot more, but are operating below capacity because we're not getting enough water. the bushed on back a brewery, and the various southern germany story on show originally wanted to expand operations here and produce more beer at the brewery, has no wells of its own. its water supply comes from the town and start bag is

facing a water shortage. limit was said as to how much water the brewery can use and the utility company reduce the size of the pipe for incoming water push to became some future. when you have a pipe like this, only a certain amount of water can pass through any way, you know, but it's also limited right here to a precepts quantity of a piece of pipe, as i said, as a regular household water plant. so he'd help to produce $200000.00 heck the leaders per year, but can only make $50000.00 as few the it was simply not enough water. the currently, the limiting factor is the municipal supply me. if we had more water, we'd be able to hook up 3 more tanks. we already have all the piping alyssa's feet . i saw 300 kilometers per north minus the village of back time, which is also facing water scanner. city of the village of 3000 people has its own small water works, but the wells can no longer yield and especially in the summer there's also

a quality issue. the ground water has become polluted with fertilizers used by farms in the area, and therefore it has to be treated at considerable cost and mixed with uncontaminated water. local mayor calling because she is under pressure is on which of the farming industry says it needs a lot more water. take your a gate, specialty crops, and people need to have a secure supply of drinking water. and so you get the things, most of them. those are conflicting interests. in the long term, we won't be able to guarantee a steady supply of improved quality drinking water on our own and form a thing close for a farmer and back time, the water scarcity has already become an existential issue. we shot kind of a converted his parents, small sideline farm for gaining production and expanded it significantly the droughts of recent years. mean his business is now in danger. switching to other

crops that need less water isn't an option this optic done. so if there was a demand for vegetables of august, so investing production meets just 40 or 50 percent of germany's vegetable consumption. but switching wouldn't be easy for us. this is phil. and since we have all of the equipment has gone through and invested in these crops, it's the only thing physically to and i was click calling about has his own wells on his farm. but since the beginning of 2023, due to shortages in the region, the authorities have cut the amount of water he's permitted to extract and have this. although over the last few years, the farmer has needed more water and not less tea and other affected farmers have called for water to be pumped here from the nearby river mind. but such a decision takes time. meanwhile, calling about his doing what he can to cut back on water here, he's using under so caustic types to irrigate his time. crumbs to minimize evaporation. and that's what i was talking about with the treaty or guys send you

the 20 to 30 percent less florida. so you save water by not losing any of the root of the problem. here is climate change which has the farm are deeply concerned. the throw continue organs is we have long to drive periods and more intense heavy rainfall here as well. now this is but when the, oh, i didn't have the impression that it was so dry for so long that i'm going to talk more. the crucial factor is what's called ground water recharge, which is when underground aquifers are replenished by water seeping into the ground areas. mark blue on the map are okay. those mark, yellow, orange, and red have to little new ground water the regional agency from mining energy and geology has been tracking the development of ground water recharge in northern germany. the mathematical models they've created indicate that significant ships are coming

is gets geezer areas where we know that between the years, 20712100. that will be more ground water going on. right next to these are areas with the ground, water will be depleted, this will be our that's even the context. let's see what kind of implement oftentimes are shown with someone the one hand that will be the question of whether plants will get enough water on side to. and virtually right next door, someone may have problems with their house because of rising ground water. how we still believe them in my house by going to sign thing. according to the german media or illogical. heavy rainfall events have increased by 25 percent since 1950. but such massive rain falls contribute little to ground water recharge because they flow off into the sea via canals and straighten rivers. as a result, in dry somers, more ground water is consumed then as recharged. this phenomenon is called ground

water. depletion of vice couldn't get tuning, he actually did, what can we do to restrain parsippany holds back those water masses. okay, so for example, by trying to accumulate that water and bring it exactly to where it's needed done in so putting one months then often ne, paid us talking to north ryan was failure. the local waterworks are busy upgrading here hydro geologist punk schmidt has worked out the ideal place for a new drinking water. well, the aims to be prepared for the impact of climate change. and this is where the will will be installed. some of this helps of we have the main stay here. 1.5000000 cubic meter. that's over 80 percent of the mountain needed from this one location alone with you on the. the well should be finished and ready for use this year. in con, the drilling companies engineer, representatives from the waterworks and a specialist engineer are inspecting the site recommended by schmidt. no. it's a big responsibility for the hydro geology and he's had to take many factors into

account of. so i might look for 3 sequences for thursday, availability of land, and then the areas where the ground water bearing layers are particularly sensible . where we can expect many meters of sand and gravel that filter the ground water meter group of filters on the diesel. and then from the ability of the layers is important so that we can insure the amount required can actually be extracted. you thought of making the boxes. does this all prefer that this is what a typical extraction. well, in germany looks like after a test drill the well shopped is dug out and a water pipe installed with a pump. the ground water flows through filter slots into the shaft and has been pumped up. a lot is withdrawn the ground water level control, which is why there are strict limits set by the authorities. function that services are more in demand than ever. he travels all over germany to track down ideal locations for new wells and always brings his hydro geological maps of the feature

data from all tests. real is conducted and known groundwater, measuring points, ones and deals with the help of a wealth of additional data. schmidt then creates computer models of where there is sufficient ground water and where the ground water recharge rate is healthy. of the completeness bundled it as i can test the various locations without the need for on site measurements. the model itself contains all the basic data about the area, and you're just like the depths of the aquifer, the ground water level, recharge rate, etc. and we built on, and i can place a well location at any point in the model, but the biggest is this one is the results show that this is a really useful instruments or for subsequent planning to. so i'm going to be taught to guess instrumental for the vital call model. further south and central germany, we're going to invest in hosp has a very different approach to use as

a controversial instrument to find an ideal drilling site. oh hi, i'm looking for mr. ben, so i'm around there. okay. okay, give him a hint. he got a call from the drilling company. let's know, and i'm gonna spend one on the delta people in here, but we want to drill here and asked me to have a look where a good spot with a sound when a good bushel is the will is for you all can hoffman his stone masonry business needs up to $40000.00 leaders of water per day, which cost him $4000.00 euros per year. you can pause, i'm up until now. this water comes from our regular water supply, meaning drinking water bottle. i'd like to avoid that costs and use ground water that runs in a water bearing layer instead of to also preserve our drinking water resources in order for noise, the own lifestyle of these students. so that's how the idea for digging a well came up. um yeah, and then come to,

i know when to going to invest in hoff tells us he's never been here before and doesn't know the terrain. his client hopes a drilling site can be found as close as possible to the main company building to avoid the need for long pipes. so this is where the 76 year old down here focuses his initial survey for 30 years. now, he's been conducting searches for water relying on his experience and on his to trust. the plastic rods you show us is through stuff as you can now use what i learned over the use to find when nature has created the best training result for us. which means where the most water is and what data think and couldn't the size of w is very different methods for doing that. make a teaser one does get this, the angle broad and then the bit of 9000 road. let me think, hold on, let me do a visual, it's the combination that gets us our result into the coming. that's the orange of let's this done. does it gave me this is configured. can't wait to see the results

and hope it works. us getting back to northern germany to a water works and the old and book area. climate change isn't the only factor leading to water scarcity here. there are also problems with the ground water quality. the oldenburg dish us to please a show of us if a bond, the o w. v is one of germany's biggest drinking water suppliers. the local water company is set up some 2 and a half 1000, measuring points across the area. it extracts water and regularly take samples to test the quality. several wells had to be closed in recent years because of high nitrate levels due to the over fertile ization of fields and too much liquid mon, newer from factory farming nitrate can be especially hazardous for babies and children. in germany, the limit is 50 milligrams per liter. this sample shows 3 times the permitted level . meaning this water is not suitable for drinking custody monsoons. but that's a really serious problem because we can't remove the nitrate,

so that's here. the ground water with our water works mostly concise. nitrate has a highly soluble salt law under treatment plants, country move its thoughts on. we would need to sell a nation facilities which would drive the cost anonymously route to around double home deposits of adults and the government's been aware of the problem for decades . but despite new legislation, it's far from under control. in the red areas, the nitrate concentration is above the permitted 50 milligrams per liter, which puts germany in violation of the laws on nitrate authorizes um, what's going on cause on it's a clear case of government failure and can be thoughts. but we've had nitrate guidelines for over 30 years. now i have to talk some few talk german who's had plenty of time and opportunities to respond and take action against the nitrate. the problem because when i put all of those opportunities up in wasted and i came to the court case come flies to earrings on the goals. there could be

a huge bill in the posts for brussels and it cut off all being avoided back and pay this hawkins, the drilling has begun. morning. good. how are we good to go? oh, absolutely. is or set up and ready to start using so much stuff, not to the new wellbeing dog here will share the workload of the older ones during the dry summer's in this case, due to the lack of rock under the ground. the excavation work is done with a so called graph bucket. this gradually extracts sand and gravel. what makes the task tricky is that the ground water is being exposed, which means there are a host of regulatory and protected requirements that must be complied with, including for the machines being used. if the ground water were contaminated, it would be disastrous. the dressing room, it's view, we can only use organic oil in bio diesel williams. also you can see the plastic

sheeting, we have to put under the drilling machines of that and we have to be careful with refueling. we're subject to very extensive requirements size. the awkward for has a slide flow, so any oil that drops in would be carried away. you'd probably need a major clean up operation, including extensive pumping and inspections before it's clean again. so anything falling in there would be an utter disaster. so it doesn't have to come up after 2 days of drilling, large plastic pipes are lowered into the shaft. the engineer checks whether all the materials ordered have been delivered. so that's for the next one. exactly. up and all the intercept equipment is there too. yes. so there go, it's never a routine operation. you come through of women's affairs. it's spots with water of drinking quality are getting harder to find the image. so if you want to expand empty wells, less invasive lease,

and then you have to locate additional drilling sites on the front bicycle and also take precautions for the years to come. young, come on to of as the wells age of performance declines. and you need to find new locations on this list. the 40 almost 20 meters down. the grab bucket hits groundwater, they'll have to drill a little deeper to reach the right quantity, but the hydro geological calculations for the new drinking water. well, we're correct. the 4th function it, that means this job is done. the hydro geologist is constantly booked up. the booming sector has seen major developments since the 3 dry somers from 2018 to 202020 from shop systems. i wouldn't call it

a state of shock so, but it's a very worrying state of affairs soon succeed because you never would have expected it 5 or 6 or 7 years ago. people. people would say we have enough water in germany . it's just the quality, that's a problem. and now it's become a quantity problem between quantitative volt. nobody expected it to be so extreme and happen so quickly in central germany, going to invest in the office still defining for water. now and again his run switches and he marks the spot many see dosing as non scientific best and health insists it's been delivering results for generations to see 2 old men move um it pulls up here in your room and for for the road just gets pulled down governments, i can also do it with the 2nd person if need be, and it gave you the energy transfer and it works on table. think you need to have a special gift, but it's something you can learn on kind of then that he says the ideal spot is where too awkward for his intersect. the progress is on,

but what comes most of it's about where you have the most, what a dump and an intersection gives me more options than other people. the top layer here is 11 or 12 made is down. and the next one is that 30 or 35 meters, or even data he's done by devise, you've been devised, determining the depth is difficult to devise. they've got to you, but i've never seen more on the rally. been wrong of individually, obviously. no, says no. the need for time. okay. okay. you're right here would actually be perfect . well, coincidence. no, yeah, we got lucky. nice on. yeah. yeah. should i say fine, go ahead. now it's time for the drilling company to get to work and time is money. the crucial question for the client right now is, will the team find enough water for this? don't masonry firms needs or will it have been a costly venture over at the organic farm run by every shot, calling about the situation is becoming increasingly precarious. he has 4 wells on

his premises, around a 3rd of his crops, no need irrigating, due to the extremely modest rain fall in the spring. he conserves water wherever he can, by digging furrows in his vegetable field. for example, the soul retains more water than if it were level one about is annoyed and says it's unfair that the extraction quote is from his own. 4 wells were cut in half the ground water rights expiring. as head of the local water works, the mayor is expected to find a rapid solution. he's brought in experts from an engineering firm. julia should do because he has studied the increasingly dramatic situation. that our stuff gets thomas on irrigating them, until now they exclusively use ground. horton. yeah, but it's stream drops in the ground. water has to be in it such so the water management agency had declared the moratorium to okay,

so the ground water can no longer be extracted in areas where the thresholds have been supposed shredded out. and the ongoing find over distribution, the local authority has to satisfy the interests of residents. farmers and nature to one idea proposed by the farmers is for them to use water from the river mine around 10 kilometers away solely for their fields, not for drinking water. after looking at the situation, julia still coverage, and her boss recommends 1st connecting the village to a larger pipeline in the vicinity. to relieve demand on the local water works. couldn't stick with it in the future of hassle, come from a remote water supply and the other half from local. well, when you those 2 mix together will have a 9th grade level below that limits water here already costs a lot more than the national average. but the village has no choice,

but to install the 5 kilometers long pipeline. the cost will probably also have to be passed onto water bills adding to all the other growing price increases. but there will be more water available. helping to diffuse the conflicts over distribution. for now, at least the water scarcity has also become an issue in urban areas such as frankfurt, where a growing population requires a growing amount of water engineer on today as bower has to find new operations. so that water works, companies and other clients are able to cope with the rising demand. his idea is to bringing water from a nearby reservoir that collect surface water from roads and surrounding towns for frank, for its drinking water. this would require high tech solutions in the form of modern membranes that can filter around the dust and dirt expect or to discuss this with you. and there is an added innovation, though, as the solution also collects water from germany's increasing heavy rain events and

renders that usable. one of them is this is what is new here is that until now such potentially polluted water was considered taboo for drinking purposes. move on either, but in this case you have a reservoir already in place where you can take water that with the right technology i use it can be dependably treated. i think it was frequently discipline climate change is causing greater demand and sweet dial foot was awesome. and today's power also used as maps, weather data and projected consumption levels and his quest for water. as an engineer, he's skeptical of bouncing rocks. so how does one of the things my to which state is deep charlotte, there are charlatan. dowser who says he can find 20 liters per 2nd at a depth of 50 meters at a specific spot is not trustworthy. good. i have done some dallas thing myself and i did get a response just contested, but without expert knowledge and the principles of geology. i would never think i

could determine a drilling location when in fact, the reason i'm poor, poor physically over at the stonemasons. they've now been drilling for 2 hours. going to invest in hops says he isn't a charlatan. and he used his 1000 rods to determine both the drilling point and the depth of the water to be 30 or 40 meters. the should be a courtesy dive in the problem. so they ration with individual is that they need an explanation for everything or the coolest this. what about the odd of dowsing is to allow for things that you have no immediate explanation, falls to particularly, and that was the threshold. i crossed man. ultimately that led me to be coming at dallas. i'll be sure to confuses you. what do you think about it? fixed i basically i worked with 2 different roads solving onto this. one is called an angle road. one is shaping the other mind. you want them to you. i find you long some of the like, slow down, not so fast. it has to transfer to your buddy was out from kind of, you gets company and now we're seeing activity again. oh yes. the most now stand

still. does it? yeah. that's the influence of the race. okay. yeah, i didn't believe it either 30 years ago prizes. yeah. but that's the proof that there is something since even yeah, you can keep them a little further apart, stunted and also so it's tension in the muscles that makes them come together to industry a team. so it gives them to something good. and then the weight is over, the team hits water clear drinking water flows out of the bar, whole the drilling company teen take measurements to see whether the after flow is large enough for a well. the drill operator gives the thumbs up. the ground water is exactly where the deals are suspected so much that's doesn't we now have confirmation to be just like mr. preston have said before, the water is 30 to 35 meters below ground bodies, which made the under quantity is sufficient for the stone masonry firm environment . typically one have a great start to release a movie that once again. that's true.

yeah, i'm really happy to going to invest in half finished another job successfully. but he's worried in the 3 decades he's been at dallas or he's seen the ground water level change dramatically. he's had to download the back, then there were average debt. so study made, it was also on and now we're talking 60 your 80 made is when does it and it's not getting any better despite the rain a see how they get on via email. but as there's still too much being extracted in relation to the fresh rain coming in, but you can define comp, it does. it's an age old problem and the groundwater level of what we cover any time soon. less drastic action is taken to save water existing via the fema investors pumped back up in north west germany and lower section in the local water works company. the o. w v is gearing up for the future by modernizing some of its wells. in addition to increasing consumption by industry and the growing population,

the area has the further problem of toxic pollutants from farming. this new, well we'll be deeper in order to get a few years we're pre before the nitrate from fertilizers in factory farming seats that far down into the urine. but in some areas, we're already finding ground water nitrate contamination of deeper levels to invest . so we resort to greater depths with each new well in group. if it's possible to drill 1020 or 30 meters deeper, then we'll use that opportunity to advise nitrate contamination nearer to the surface on the off at the office. and on top of that, often all the drilling diversity and there's not a long term solution to this kind of we noticed all of this on 0 divorced projections anticipate more extreme weather conditions, more heavy rain and more heat in the summer. we have also for going off the water suppliers, light goes, are facing the big increase in demand, tom and especially in extremely hot summers for 5. so conflicts over the use of

distribution of water as a resource will definitely intensify. been significant for sales down in bavaria. the fight over distribution is already impacting germany's favorite beverage globally on show is getting less municipal water for his brewery than he'd like in place of more steel tanks full of beer. he's had to set up these water tanks as a stop gap solution. so as america told me, that instead of the 6 days would be able to produce, if it were being forced to reduce the 3 days max would have shipped operation. here the water shortage translates into a beer shortage and the brewery is not allowed to drill its own wells in the area. so most of us die is just headed toward that is available is subject to severe restrictions in order to guarantee the general supply side. in germany, water scarcity is an ever growing problem, and more areas will be affected in the future. the quest for new water sources has

become a race against time. the dream of the future. and the machines of yesterday the german economy is changing the new tech energy efficient smart factories and resource reprocessing, as part of a circular economy is the answer to the climate. and the energy crisis made in germany. in 30 minutes on d w,

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