as a design, actually advanced, a is even to a dog. the doctor series about our complex relationship with animals. watch now on youtube dw documentary door. don't take money under your mom, he's not coming back. it's over. february 2020 russian troops and faded the ukrainian city of coupons. it was recaptured. 6 months later the occupation was hard drive under russian occupations resisted who collaborated. how can life go on after all the terror? not everyone can endure the fear weeks out every day. when rush start to august 25th on dw

the we live in a well surrounded by and fig lance of gases and want to make up the site must be a shielding us from the deputy vacuum of space. and these lands on teeming with life insects seats, poland, and bacteria, floats in the atmosphere. similar to the tanks on the drink with ocean currents, the tiny organisms dancing in the wind. a cold arrow planked for several decades. ero biology is focused on these organisms. the, it's a branch of biology that's long been under appreciated era biologists study them

movements of life in the atmosphere, whether the tiny organisms in a cloud, the rain dropped or in the cost of a desert wind. learning about these and born organisms is becoming increasing the relevant things to concerns about bio diversity health and the climate. understanding how they influence our lives and the global animal implants, wealth is increasingly important. swelling all around us is a valuable and still launch. can mysterious ecology is to be a for the discoveries just waiting to be discovered. the one that i place you on the, to the one to, to receive up here. you have the feeling you're far away from everything that's presented to them, but that's exactly the point we want to find out if there's life at this altitude and what type of music all of either kin menu have

a book in their circling the subject on the wind is blowing at about 20 kilometers per hour on. so a particle travel is a remarkable 20 kilometers per hour. sounds like you to a minute. let's click on city on yeah, i'm a to at the institute of chemistry, oakland mall fell in central. france wants to learn more about micro organisms in the atmosphere. today he's on this time. it's of the plea to them as an altitude of almost 1500 meters to setting up time tom track set the observatory. the traps off, essentially vacuum cleaners. the capture dice, select the tiny apple and travelers when p i'm a to looks into the skies. he knows that anything bought empty. the atmosphere around us is bustling with life. to skate, all right, let's 5th the under. so now almost everything in the atmosphere comes from the earth surface. okay. and so the mirror image of the ground specially, oh,

certainly not unless it's all very dynamic thinking that it's moving and makes things. so mean all day of today wins. sweep over all of the surfaces, stuttering apple types of particles, so it's lifeless and living there and feasible to the naked eye, but it constantly around us. these particles float up to 5000 meters high and reflect the different type of tests on the ground. the the aerosols, brian's about taurus, they can contain leaf dunst, poland, moans, and bacteria. the seed of all as soon phone imagine junky. very excited when when today. so they've gone while some of the

major cities as the over a meadow, there might be grass clippings, small insects, and a miniscule traces of shapes more over a highway. a cloud might form of tile particles, oil in the droplets, and fine dunst. high altitude winds mix the air results, and transport them far away. the this into mixing happens continuously as it does a variety of life forms and the arrow punting of sweat to long body and conference . the place del boucher and manuela paula shay welk at the national research institute by agriculture of food and environment in the plan. in west and from collecting samples from this on the line,

splunk just positioned in the middle of the fields. it's essentially a joint insect vacuum cleaner. there's a strong acid, so from the trap. the position in uh was made through it though, if it, by exact ammonia in a good 12 meters high, they don't get or 40 feet to be exact as well because that's an english model. it was metal and it visited the depth to lay. we don't want to use it to catch insects that fly 2 meters above the ground them, but rather oregon. and so that, that were swept into the air goes and travel greater distance to the point. they don't send it on that to do that because all says that that reveals more about the arrow pointing of the whole region from your website on the that's it. those keyboard wants to do it on some of the items on wednesday, who is very good to do the newsletter or even lifeline wrote, this is the nice weather amount of will take it to the land or the insane. so the laundry is to organize

them. is an arrow painted and they can stay in the for a few hours or several days and float up to 1500 meters, depending on their size and the wind speed. the trap socks and everything. the policies by agricultural scientists use the results to warn the farmers of clouds of a fade. so the past, the drop operates. oh yeah, around the clock of the i don't like this is really a lot to just because it's a sunny day is going out. i mean, i'm m as in a say ok, another one is hiding last goose one another a beat leaf david, the beatles and flies font. even spite is a tremendous variety of species play a role in the visible aerial by swelling of off on the come down medium. uh,

what about just to stand on countless cells and algae and small presentations in the see the cubic meter of air above our heads contains so many different organisms of that that included support on your call and bacteria preventive, but also small insect spider is like daily basis either she's on site design, yet it's, it's on the organisms, right? the winds like flying compet, the and gives them a chance to be nourished, to reproduce. and just to find the,

we've known about the existence of arrow painted him for nearly 200 years. which is naturalist charles darwin noted in his journal during his expedition to the galapagos in 18. 35. the spiders were entangled in the ships reeking many miles from shaw. and in the 2nd half of the 19th century, french scientist louis past due proved through a series of experiments. the particles were continuously suspended in the yeah, he called them organized coal puzzles as to is remembered as one of the fathers of modern micro biology. tobacco allows its tracts meningitis around that time. scientists discover diseases could be caused by such and bacteria. a new branch of science was born and wrote biology. scientists began comparing measurements in the

same amount of that $55000.00 bacteria were found in the bustling pollute as a by lee and parents. but only $7600.00 were found among the trees in a box. in the swiss alps the hotel even advertised with assign the claimed only $25.00 bacteria. the then it was the work of legendary pilot charles lindbergh. in the 19 searches he attached and a d. c. defiance to his plane and then flew over the icy landscapes of northern canada, collecting a variety of bundles, phones, poland, and micro l. g. the samples supported the pieces that living things can survive long distance and travel with high altitudes. but in the years that followed ero biology descended into on security to the organism suspended in the somewhat so

gotten the ingredients in satellite imagery, we can build entranced in the late 20th century. as scientists discovered unbelievable amounts of suspended micro organisms. she was supposed to push the also i love the way down to when you blow the dust off a piece of furniture. you see that it's carried away with the air flow executive. it's the same in the atmosphere. now, the mass of these particles is so small, the ones that are born, they stay there and follow the. so how is the us feet low call? now, a fond smile to lack researches, the inter continental transport of desert task. he says roughly 2000000000 tons of sewing or dust rise from the laundries deserts every year and circulate in the atmosphere. these gigantic dusk gown swift, uh,

seen via satellite images in the 19 ages. aero biologist spend realized the true extent of circulating aero pine tone. no, but certainly i met you on, you know, i don't know what it contains, not only mineral matters, but in some cases also living organic material to give you micro organisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, meals as soon as the dust is kicked out, it carries this array of living micro organisms to completely new place this, which will be the, it's easy for a bacterium, fungal, small, all virus to attach to a tiny speck of dust and take flight. the, the desert winds does not grains of sand blasting off tiny granules of clay on impact tons of dust and micro organisms. a sucked into boom and columns, reaching

a height of 3 to 4 kilometers. but we'll see what we can track this task over long distances. also the super c a satellite images can help visualize the formation of such a cloud over. that's a hard desk that within several hours the cloud grows and starts moving to the area. i will say, don't we don't, i'll fast forward and there's what you're telling me what goes set to close mazda pursue days later, you can see these huge dust masses reaching the atlantic ocean here. this was a few days later, there already over western france. it duco they'll likely to send over the british ios or even scandinavia a precaution was showing us coordinated ex, wherever conditions, high and low pressure areas, boom and cold and current. either cold,

the task booms in or blow them away. they foam and highways that suckle the, the kilometer, if they task cloud can cross the atlantic within a week the, the atmosphere is a true transpose, a of like the book to do them at yale. and i put the matter contains chemical elements and in some instances, nutrients, the touch police desert does transports help balance eco systems on the earth surface. these increases the sofas or the tail,

the tiny organisms, an arrow plant on travel incredibly long distance. they said high altitudes, but how do they travel and how do they affect the ground? the countless micro organisms eventually touch down somewhere on us of the body. the guidance emilio cas on manuel is in catalonia researching what is known as micro bill deposition and its connections to climate change. he's working on a major study of micro organisms in the atmosphere and almost with a key science by his research is in the spanish baronies. the

to see the just see you the gift almost amount of the 2 dimensions of the metal. we're at an altitude of over 2000 meters where there's little interference from local air pollution. i'm using pizza. we want to capture micro organisms. that's right in the atmosphere and travel from continent to cutting it gas in the office instead of going through them done a lot more so that you will be going to do this. we gathered rainwater in a collector for one week and the sample includes micro organisms in small particle and sequence. we collect these in a filter and bring it to the land on the one of them. which the most part people us get the most. i can hear you can see the particle, so like, you know, what's not, that's part of the water is clear again, because all the particles got stuck in our filter and was talking to in the,

in the particular sort of that because there are organic particles like bacteria, it fund guy holland, but also in organic ones like clay silicates, can minerals that come from far away is almost because he's been in for another. and with us, what are some of those take us about a year and could be just from africa, for example, the 3rd, which was transported them, yet my sphere system was washed out by the rain and the light. that's what we're capturing here. the water is probably running. there are thousands of millions of micro organisms in this filter immediately means it's gonna be uniform to 100 these continuous deliveries of micro organisms are a natural process that if a cod threw out us history. once the particles lined again, the tiny travelers have a significant impact on eco systems. some bacteria help boost pond gross, by attaching to them and pulling nitrogen from the others,

penetrate the soil and recycled dead organic matter. viruses and microscopic moans regulate animal and plant life. so let me throw and these will stick one ok and when these micro organisms land in they can colonize new habitat and we, when she spends an excellent dispersal system for bacteria that i'm allowing them to colonize the entire planet, they're small, reactive, biological entities that land in a distant planet is whatever and create new life in the another, sorry the summer. gotta be the immediate cause of my yours teams started micro organisms in rain want to the is and with the help of weather data. trace the arrow pine tons, pathways. the scientists were able to show which region ocean or continent the streams of arrow pine tongue came from and they discovered some

remarkable patton's of the, in the summer arrow plant on tends to be local. it rises from the farmlands of spain and northern europe. above the city is rivers and lakes. but in the winter, the major streams of arrow pine till them come primarily from the atlantic ocean, bacteria and viruses cross the ocean within 3 days and to send over the mountains. i had left the middle of a sort that was going to be you, i might you better when we analyze the initial results of storms, xavier, and june. we noticed in trends that recur annually, this was an amazing discovery. how is it possible that the same micro organisms appear at the same time every year? i see those up, but it's gonna be moment. we know they travel over the sea or emerge from the nature. here are some plants growing. the spring of this growing the summer months and these cycles are mirrored in the atmosphere, so used to speak last time, you know, quote in and i'm with of the streams of

arrow, pine cones, a not some random mix of species drifting with no rhyme or reason. to microbial mazda is the rise and settle at the own cycles and seasons, just like bands, flowers, and bumble bee, the. but given that it is the transporter of life, the atmosphere can also pose a threat. among the multitude of microbes circling the skies a some to say that humans can microscopic arrow, pink tone. make us sick the up clear who to fly need? yes, move of the people used to talk about my as a matic. explanations when it came to airborne diseases or prevention was impossible. back then, the method of transmission wasn't really yet known buddy,

because that meant that all human afflictions, but generally attributed to the environmental law. some of the, the failed to submit this real nice old notion of a noxious atmosphere that makes people sick has some truth to it. we now know that all microbes and viruses floating indiana which can infect humans, animals and plants. but flu and foot and mouth disease can spread from bomb to bomb with the help of the wind over several kilometers. a dead condition is can release legionella which causes potentially faithful pneumonia. the many fun goals phones that enter the atmosphere before settling in the soil. a microscopic taking time, bombs, the your, something you visited, the visual,

put those in. there are some pretty dangerous pathogenic, fun guy. the credits to the hospitals are mindful of this because when soil and sand and move during construction workers and their adverse wins, this is ask for deal a sports and other harmful molds can enter clinics and cause epidemic loading, unloading for you. what is it you don't need to be sees of the genus asked for? dealers are found everywhere. you're including in the atmosphere acute or if they appear in large amount. they're dangerous to him. you know, compromise that the gross and the degree of what we scale. so to manage the science as shown, pathogens can spread of a medium distances droplet infection of a very short distance is of up to one meter, such as the influenza virus or the virus that causes cobit 19 is also being proven . the font that isn't solid evidence to show that transmission happens over a long distances of several 100 kilometers.

the reason for them to those very easy to few pathogens dangerous to humans can travel very long distance is so question deals at the corona virus was studied in the laboratory for its vulnerability, and it turned out it's very sensitive alex to yeah, a cause. does uv radiation and dryness quickly kill and render a virus harmless when it's suspended in the air? i'm sorry, i have no way to treat. if i didn't think of the atmosphere is even more dangerous. but viruses than insects. only one in a 1000000 microbes survives. it's trying to see by google and hold on to the activity, but there's a large numbers of bacteria and seemingly really some pathogens are not get a cause for concern because they're mostly dead. the only most we're talking about

traces of genetic material. so spiral bacterial occurs acidic, but not live viruses. this is the views of people. the men silica. it's very rare for individual viruses or bacteria to make you sick name. i love. it takes a substantial viral load to become infected. because luckily i bodies have strong defense and most likely to always low level who the phones don't organs, immune systems, vigilant. now for the last most infectious diseases today, transmitted by a different kind of and pump the way through our planes. passengers on board spread micro organisms all over the planet. in spring time, poland takes its turn on this giant. at carousel pollen grains produced themselves . they often travel far and wide,

and reproduce with the female gummy of other trees. this is beneficial to many living beings. the little med johnny, the poland grains couldn't break releasing irritants, but make poland allergy is a widespread problem of the at the university of little in from you called all visa and now the usual all studying poland. they've captured from the yeah, they're examining whether poland grains breakup more easily when they encounter at pollutants. and this guy that i knew before. let me adjust this the

live. what else did they put on the x to is this, this poland has truly exploded on the national to credit. they know this is the sample from the books pulled and sees it. they could help cause that's where, you know, the polling this crying not just okay. well, what is it and stuff? it's so mock wine that it's deflated their to their protective membrane is really shredded. if they how long they should get this. a well done for them next week to see if it's near. we see the broken pollen of which lost its original reproductive function. you can also see the release of the small particles, which are dangerous for people with as much as that's it for by clock as it's immeasurable because i'm truly confident of, of course,

not all pollen greens in the atmosphere are shown here has to mall our job is to count them difficulty. what's the percentage of damaged grand design? excellent. are they harmful to how it's curious cuz it's interesting for us on the date the researchers want to better understand what happens between a pole and grain and a pollutant in the atmosphere. so that recreating this interaction in the power train, the poland is intentionally damaged when, if it's a feeling about follow confidence interval roles are fallen, must suffer. this is the revenge of people with allergies is i start with a stream of ozone pulled into the arrives here, and then i dropped the fallen into outlook into this makes the ozone. molecules reacted with the surface of the following graham, but that's with interest to me. in this experimental ethics styles logic off of bundles and movie it was on, sometimes we talk about good and bad always on. the ozone in the upper atmosphere protects us from certain ultraviolet rays. if you and does,

they're important good. when that alpha not like ground level, oh so it's in the lower layers of air where we live with is a pollutant location exposing we'll put in and i'm now exposed to poland to a slightly higher dose of ozone. it's equivalent to a peak exposure that happens in the summer time when there's a lot of air pollution. as he subjects the polluted fall into a series of test, an intact pollen grain cannot enter longs, it's to law changes stopped by on nasal has. however, if the grain breaks, it releases particles containing allergenic proteins. these can enter the brown kill tubes undergo outages. all asthma the researchers are subjecting the pollen to the kinds of stress may experience out in the wild want exam please rain, which typically causes the grains to explode. this problem that's purposefully

polluted in the lab rupture more easily and want to unhealthy poland. now the issue out especially is how much of the poland is damaged. ringback the want you to introduce followed by a mechanical shop test, pulling that sweat dumped by the wind. can collide with buildings and windshields, especially in cities, and then what happens if he's a sense, healthy and polluted, poland, crashing against the stuff is in a pond to go measuring device. then he calculates the number of grains that have been ruptured sold to lot 40 show their, their found that air pollution week into the pollen grain. so it's making it pro interruption, palm and today is more likely to trigger asthma attacks is because it breaks more easily in the atmosphere a present to suggest single st. imagine i would definitely not pretend that a fix or footprint on a micro scale future clark or i think our human activities have altered and

polluted everything, even on small scale. so what do we use as a shadow? actually, most of the articles that cling onto all the not released from human activities . so deposit goals are released from com traffic. an oxide is inc, and manganese particles are released through industrial processes scientist. so just beginning to understand the significance of arrow plant on to of the systems and its inhabitants and all the while humans continue to pollute the must be in the book. we do compete to force, you know, tomorrow we burn lots of fossil fuels for transportation. proceed. do it for industry to, to discuss the, the food, a sofa sort of, to ality for to i today. large buyers can be seen from space, for example, that also a functional, this is all new c o nice you know,

manage will do for us to buy or is there a common phenomenon triggered by global warming, or shall talk you mentioned to, to see call these fires or at least gases and particles into the atmosphere. the sky is above us, inhospitable. we're essentially burning down our planet as we burn cold oil and wood residential areas and daily activities generate huge amounts of particles and gases such as carbon dioxide, me say, and nitrogen oxides or the atmosphere as composition is radically changing. and that impacts ero thank tone. major and currents even at risk, and then the system that i most set up the atmosphere at circulation includes

several core doors or flo highways that are influenced by low and high pressure areas. typical names, they determine the movement of air currents and because they didn't give an exam to this level. if i don't know it's in the game, we now know that this circulation could be changed by climate change, the month of july, the next few minutes being certain winds and currents that have been stable for hundreds or thousands of years can change. and the tendonitis would impact ecosystem for and how organisms or distribution plant that effect on the stainless or least the knowledge of arrow biology is progressing. new research questions that constantly explode. scientists, as long as you know that micro organisms were passive during the journey through the atmosphere. the theory was that they effectively entered a sort of hyphenation by during that time until returning to the ground mounted,

it appears some do manage to remain active for a walk and they do in such a hostile surroundings. that's one of the questions p. i'm a to is exploring on the fleet the don't know, val, now who's on the menu system on the new as of the cloudy weather today is great for cloud sampling. it's not yet freezing, but it almost feels like it is an adult. government says this is a nice, big cloud that will give us lots of samples on us. come on in the of the, at all, no thunder in the study. we're installing a droplet separator. it's essentially a cloud vacuum cleaner that we can use to collect the particle of these little cloud droplets better suspended in the air to, to do that than yourself also, and only push them against the surface so that they trickle down. because then we can position

a bile underneath and collect them till the party collected on the pounds of floating voltage systems that covers some 67 percent of the surface. for ero paint on clouts, all i know waste is there is source of water as well as food things to prom. debris in the water droplets. and when it rains, the arrow punk don't get a ride back down to the ground. so i'm going to vision back, take on my specific the doesn't i want to know how it bacteria lives in such a cloud. and i know you have huge amounts of droplets here. and there's roughly one bacterium. and every $10000.00 over him is that curia may be isolated from each other. do they interact with each other? and if so, how don't know, what is it like for them to be all alone? and are they all alone or all the all gathered in one droplet and the surrounding space is bigger than we think it's in the office on the cost and also so i'll come

on an i want to know how this life sustains itself because that's exactly what it does, it just puts us up to 50 percent of bacteria in a cloud can be alive. they spend $3.00 to $10.00 days suspended in that. which means there's plenty of time for something to happen. like old living things by tyria or constantly making different proteins to cling to adults to bond, to go to protect themselves from uv radiation or to produce digestive enzymes, researches all looking, a crown who wants to to detect these tiny traces of life. it seems like dirty foundation has on and you as an adult and you as even some bacteria continue living in cloud. so you know, they absorb nutrients. selections on the some we pointed out between the micro organism and its environment, the water droplets listed as to the,

the incredible diversity of bacteria and phone guy in p. i'm a toes experiments reflects microtubules. lights in the pounds, but life in yeah, is not easy. experts now believe that the atmosphere is not a habitat in the conventional sense. rapids via remains a transit station, a tiny organisms the some years ago. an astonishing discovery caused quietest among arrow biologists,

a bacterium known to be abundant in nature, ending clowns was set to be capable of producing right. bio precipitation was coined to describe the rain making bacteria. a stunning revelation for people in the field of arrow biology, meteorology, and agricultural science. as a most all day in southern france, cindy morris is researching the curious ability of these bacteria. its name sued them on us so we can get the loaner ring gate and live on the surface of clothes some clothes, disease, a cold, okay. and the melodies, jeremiah these by conducting to the little experiment to show you what this

bacteria does to prolong pro fair. are they pumped cindy morris spray the outer leaves the base while the light is with a solution containing the bacteria, the leaves in the middle. when not, then the plant was placed in a freezer at a temperature of minus 6 degrees for a few minutes. all was good. you can see a doctor prolonged tissue that was the bacteria, how spruce and then dried out this a shape, but the tissue was out. the bacteria isn't 1st as all suit ammonia. so ring gay bands, bonds by freezing them a gene in the bacterium makes a protein that can create ice crystals. it uses the crystals to destroy the palm samples and feed on them as it's believed the

when found in pounds these ice nucleation active bacteria speed up the formation of ice crystals which are essential for precipitation. it works in a test tube, at least to me on say so on on the coupon on barco shows that everyone knows you come prepared, the ice cube trays for a policy at the last minute because it takes time. okay, you need an excessive rates. it's a for use falls, so coco shows key. don't i don't have to incite this to you. i have a suspension. was bacteria of to speech these 2 to minus 3 for malta testing, but i'll show you what happens when i add some of it. and it just builds darrow, which is not like to but the low low display stereo. the

way, as you can see, it's really the how does this phenomenon walk in the outside? well, is it possible for ice nucleation active bacteria to rise into the air from plants make contact with a cloud? and to activate this gene to phone range from the buyer, precipitation seems promising scientists to getting a better understanding of how the founded sapp. ms. bay are connected through the rain cycle. and micro organisms like suit amount us

a ring gay on that they measure heat, sushi, a measurement suggest that they can drive requirements rainy cycles, depend that rain today will affect the rain full of the future cost through interaction as rush me and then class multi. yeah, the lawn, alt, i'm micro organisms are using 5 y and they say it's most about the amount of right . yeah, they have to top the frequency of rain. they pass through like quantitative pick. you told me so that's like on space and then a small frequent rainfall with the help of plans that provide the right bacteria to the atmosphere. cindy morris is part of an international team of researchers who are imagining a new form of agriculture. they envision growing fond species in special fields designed to encourage the growth of ice nucleation active bacteria. perhaps

one day, the special ero pants on organisms could even find droughts in certain areas. that's just one idea of how we could transform the weld. if we pay more attention to these mysterious organisms in the yeah, the

the chairs and team and we take a trip to scotland. we're still with the catholic priest was found to have hold on is a self proclaimed church remedy fighting for progress and change in his church. and when he's not working the quest to understand the holiness of whiskey. the 13 d. w. so punch and has plenty of space. the ford f 150 lightning is a battery,

electric horse power monster. we take a look under the roof of this giant b can live up to its legendary gas powered cousin. read the easy minutes, d w. the stable will make suggest to the gen, love and binding thing, step away from the spot. i'm not even allowed to go to my own car on everyone with later holes in every single day stuff. getting you ready to meet the gentleman enjoying me. rachel stood on dw, the

this is due to be in use live from berlin, in rome, con, found guilty of corruption. the former pakistani prime minister is taken to jail after a court sentence him to 3 years in prison. he calls for supporters to keep up their .