that's your news update coming up next, global us looking at ways to improve agriculture with act destroying the planet on public police. don't forget that. there's plenty more news and information on our website. the don't. com and you can follow us on our social media kinds are handled is deed over here, news for me in the team here and brilliant. thanks for watching and take the door. don't take mommy under your mom, he's not coming back over february 2020 to russian . troops and faded the ukrainian city of components. it was recaptured. 6 months

later the occupation this hard drive under russian occupations resisted. who collaborated. how can life go on after all the terror? not everyone can endure the fear weeks out every day. when rush start to august 25th on dw, the what we are doing is destroying the this for that. i know not renew or do we did so else how can we revive our exhausted cut plans? the traditional seeds

cookies please. toughest thing she knew, cl tons could gene editing, help us feed, the welds the, these are living on your body, but don't worry, there's supposed to be there. they're, my groups in the planet is covered in them. and there are tons of them in the soil because they literally make fertilizer for plants. these are some of the only things on earth that can do this. we depend on swell for almost all of the food we eat, and because 90 percent of the planet so could be degraded by 2050 scientists and even agribusiness think microbes could be key to averting a food crisis. so let's take a journey to the invisible world right under our noses and our fee to see

what happens to so else when microbes get out of whack, we can look back to the 1930 in the united states. settlers replaced native grasses with farm let and then intensively tilt which kills microbes and degraded so after a series of droughts, the damage to it was easily picked up by the wind and turn to the so called black blizzards. millions of tons of tops, well, just blew away in what came to be known as the decimal. although farming methods have changed somewhat. so degradation is still a global problem. what we are doing the degree, either destroying the soil, that is it, and now not renewable resource. what we have been doing so far, the living deluxe, the to actually is and may be easy to use soil's as active straight to grow. why? we've been under valuing them and expecting them to stay healthy, but healing over using chemicals and climate change are harming or so else. this is

a problem for growing food, as well as resources for clothing and construction. so it was also key to storing carbon and filtering water to make swells healthy. again, we need to start seeing them is what they are. entire eco systems teeming with hidden life all run by my groups. all this under our feet is top soil where most of the insects and microbes live along with plant roots and small animals. one grim of this can contain millions of microbes, and a few arms. healthy swell will have the diversity of my groups. the most common ones are bacteria and phone guy. one of their most important jobs is transforming nutrients. every single nutritive cycle on the planet is mostly driven by more. none of these cycles really exist in a vacuum. they all into linked. one of those nutrients cycles is carpet plants and

animals. i mean mostly of carbon. and when they die, they're broken down by make groups no microbes, no decomposition. the microbes use some of the carbon to reproduce, storing it in the swell, and breathe the rest of it out, sending it back to the atmosphere. another nutrients cycle happens of nitrogen, which makes the most of the air around us and is one of the main nutrients plants use to grow. plants can't get it from the air by themselves, so they partner with my groups. and we can find evidence of the nutrients cycle by looking at certain plants like these beads, which are considered nitrogen. fixing the beans create these little root nodules that become home to a certain type of bacteria. in return, they change nitrogen into a form that plants can access the microbes specifically from di, also exchange other nutrients of plants, the very fine routes called hi fi. the intertwined themselves with the roots at the plant. the fungus is really good at releasing things like spots 1st last night from

so we just have the plans to get up. so it does that and exchanges that with the plan in which and such things like sugar is which the plant can make 3 sites. and there's also some evidence. this relationship makes the plant more able to withstand drought and disease in a degraded swell. these nutrients cycles aren't working, as well as they could be. climate change is one cause of degrading. so else with drought and extreme weather, causing them to dry out and a wrote intensive agriculture can be another cause as pesticides and are besides kill off beneficial microbes and reduce their activity. the more degraded soil is the more chemicals are needed to grow stuff degrading this well even further, this whole plot of land was intensively farm for 30 years. and you can really see it in the soil. it's super sandy, dry and degraded, degraded. so it was also lose their ability to hold and filter water are more

susceptible to erosion and have less of those beneficial microbes, meaning plants don't grow as well. but slow health is about more than just our food security, little communities. and so health is actually the foundation of all the persistence but natural and then is the foundation of something crumbled. everything else comes tumbling down and agriculture might actually hold the key to making our soils healthy. again, the same plot of land, not so far from the degraded bit years of regenerative agriculture have brought back a lot of micro bill activity. the swell looks completely different. this farm is a best practice example. no chemicals are used and the soil microbes, arthur arriving. just look how beautiful these tomatoes are. know to agriculture, leave swell, undisturbed, which allows the microbes living inside the clamps to thrive. specifically those fund guy, high feet, which are important for small structures. that can be

a kilometer of them and a gram soil and cover crops printed to leave in the ground, provide micros of carbon to chow down on as well as produce erosion and nutrient las unfortunately, this kind of farming just isn't possible everywhere. you can do it. that's fantastic. it works. we want that to go right to the vast amounts of areas where the, the solely. so this is great that these techniques aren't opting out to the recover the soil you time. here's where microbes come in, a larger scale. the most common uses is bio fertilizers. they use like chemical base fertilizer, except they contain fund guy or bacteria. a single day prediction is a big enough threat that they are a company known for selling. i will cultural chemicals is also interested. they are calling me or excuse me, and i'm all the countries by the outside of this is certainly the

and i'll try the certainly help to reviews carrier for the buyers to company is also investing in seats that have been infused with my groups . because delivering microbes along with seats is the most targeted way to apply them. seats can also be planted with a coating of microbes. conservation organizations are using this approach to restore eco systems. is a problem with commercial microbial products is that the microbes are not specifically adapted to environment. non native microbes could find it hard to survive, rendering the process useless. and because these are living organisms, they could cause an imbalance and the micro biome disease, something we, we really asked to do, taking cost of duration specially a, we do apologize because they, they spread faster and they, i'm always do change the side even better agrees. because

the, it doesn't necessarily need it the automatically on the whole since sales are different around the world, we would ideally develop microbial products for specific regions, but that will take time and more research. unfortunately, our soil health is an emergency. we are going to need it because we actually cover sort of thing the seas and cheapest way to to recover is because we are covering them while we are uh, maintain productivity to for large firms, bio fertilizers, are a step above chemicals and where possible agriculture that relies on helping native make groups like on this farm is the way to go. the

an eggplant, hobbies, not far from the to museum capital. deal on his one and a half heck to as of land selling mazda of green farms, fruits and vegetables. yields a smaller than they all when he used his info as it or genetically modified seats. but he still prefers local seats. the most isn't the here. they don't look particularly good at hotmail. com, or sometimes they're small and forgetting in mental. they produce better quality fruits or nutritious movies and taste to your home and better adapted to our climate. talk to him when he avoids onto visual fertilizes as well, and profess to make his own. come fast how indefinitely for you. assume that we're trying to produce our own organic fertilizer. how does when the method in the 1st with i use the chicken excrement? i do because it has a lot of nitrogen and the city use it. then we add remnants of fruit and vegetables

that are thrown out of market listening. you will have to tell us we're finally we add a bit of hay which has a lot of carbon. the money has to me and we kind of go in and e, as in honda who the and when for decades tanisha is government both both hybrid and genetically engineered seeds. they are meant to produce great t hills. the country still imports around 85 percent of its seeds today, but increasing numbers of farmers one to return to using local seats, continued. your sweet bank has been able to help them. they found agencies from to easier in other countries, which they brought back. since 2008, they've connected more than 7700 different c types because it was only 2 companies . the work we're doing today focuses on genes keywords, as well as which of gina types impact crop, qualities that the, and whether or not these trades fit a particular criteria locks because it easy, easy all we might be able to use them for cross pollination voltage which would in

turn loss the lead to improved yields a o l. all mails to help best of mocking these products. so lean most of glee goes to phase on a regular basis they, they focus on investments. and technological developments in solving this is logan is sustainable agriculture, which is the growing trend into easier as well as the farmers, local seeds are known for the unique taste and health benefits. these are the scenes our grandparents were familiar with who was showing now was found the best ones and passed them on. it's an inheritance they've passed on to us young farmers every year they gather the best seats. 2 certainly most of gooey is fortunate to live so close to the capital. so you can market these products have lots of different places, including sustainable farming events, insurance,

organic farmers can sell that goods here once a week. so i want to, i didn't want the money money, so we're fighting for independent food production on multiple fronts. on a bunch of all the money we're trying to get farmers together seats to accomplish one with the bush. at the same time, we're trying to produce more seeds together with our partners who will help remind me, i'm on new boston avenue, my fund to how they're also doing our best to educate farmer and show them how they can contact clients directly for via social media and it was a dollar a system down american were based on my lobbies the organization hopes that more people will use traditional local seats as alternatives to implemented ones. certainly mazda of who is started collecting his own, like these eggplant, seats. us from the wow, you've been with who have grown aware of the important role that local seats play and i'm using that knowledge. no, i mean the demand for the original seats has risen and the prices have gone up

along with it. which seats sellers are taking advantage of their heavy be i have some money the seed should really be available to all farmers money. i mean the fluids relax is going with the best case scenario would be farmers obtaining and reproducing them themselves. cities hosted on the why the strategy has worked well with the ag plans and now the found the hopes it will be just as fruitful with this other crops. and also with an eye on the west and in drought in the country, he says, traditional said sped back to the important varieties the we started improving plans by cross breeding. the best variety is the 1st records of human selecting sanction grass. and we think back 10000 years since then, we've multiplied corn, wheat, rice,

and sewing used by several times and read them to something which would probably be hard to identify from one of the early settlers back fence. for example, do you know what this is today? it looks like this doesn't seem like a close relative test. it in the past decades yields have skyrocketed to feed an ever increasing population. we did not stop and just multiply and yields our excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides, and the ongoing conversion of sense. if ecosystems to crop land have degraded 40 percent of fertile soils globally, what's more, the climate crisis is forecast to reduce harvest. the problem is we actually need to produce more, but without using more land and more resources is a 50 percent gap between the food produce today and what we need in 2050 just, just to feed people out of quickly. if everyone became a vegetarian, we could produce enough sustainably. but that doesn't look like you don't happen

any time soon. if we just stick at the current, you would wait and say it was great, just going to power shops on the back and move on. and then the only way that we would meet those needs is to expand the action culture frontier even further. which means sort of good bye to the remaining natural ecosystems. the scientists are designing climate resilient super crops that might produce higher yields and need fewer resources to grow. they want to speed up the process by changing the plants. genetic code with gene on editing, such as with rice. drought is a big issue. it is brutal down there throughout emergency unprecedented droughts and heat waves have put forth a scarcity into shop focus. that's a problem for rice of thursday, crop used to being soaked. a new breed might help in the future. this for right. i are 64 is mostly grown in the global south, but it's eaten worldwide. scientists tweak it's genes to make it more drug

resistant. the new rice uses up to 40 percent plus water in some weeks. while the conventional varieties did not survive a week without water in 40 degree heat, half of the gene edited plants, data scientists did this by instructing and naturally occurring gene in the plant to be more powerful. this gene helps reduce the number and size of the plants pores which are responsible for gas and water exchange. fewer and smaller pores meant the plant saved water yields increased or remain the same. the method they used here is called chris per cache. 9, also known as genetic scissors or genome editing. it is fundamentally different to traditional genetic modifications or gm technologies. it relies actually on natural processes, but it makes the mutation process much less random. most via products contain

a synthetic gene or a gene from another organism inserted into the plant or animal of interest insect resist cochlan into these for example, chrome widely around the world contain a gene originally found in bacteria. instead of using foreign dna, gene editing makes changes in the characteristics of any organism using the information present and it's genetic code using special enzymes, working like scissors, we can delete, swap or repeat genes present in the plants. do you name? it will take many dozen stuff generation until you have only this one gene transfer it by crossing and then often will not be very viable because that would just take too long. so the genome added thing is really super powerful because it can go in the single gene, change it and pull it up. it takes 7 to 15 years to get across bread plant with the desired trait, with gene editing just a couple of months, plus a few years of testing globally, gene editing researches speeding up from only

a couple of patents filed in 2011 to about 2000 patents in 2019 by private companies and public researches the us, china, and mostly nationals are investing heavily in the technology which is expected to develop into a multi 1000000000 dollar market. by the end of the decades. it's risky, especially as many new craft varieties are still in the research phase and little data and few risk assessments exist. we cannot then have to see what happens in nature. it's all, i'm certain, and it could be really experimentation that we'll, we'll be far ahead of the site. so science would have to catch some experts point to cases of off target genetic changes or cases of the leading much more genetic information than intended. additionally, genes involved in increasing yields and some type of drought could decrease yields, in which years. and as there is a large number of genes involved,

turning one or 2 genes on or off is mostly not enough here. the list optimize the crop, the easier it is to improve. that's why experts, the most potential in quickly developing old varieties that haven't been part of industrial production so far, such as millet a one way or man. yeah. which already have stronger defenses against timing related challenges, but where breeding is still in its infancy. so i don't want to take anything off the tape. the challenge is so significant. i don't want to take crisp of technology don't. i don't wanna take shifting diet. so i don't want to take restoration or additional it's all of these things. you genetically edited crops are labeled g m and therefore heavily regulated. but there was increasing discussion about whether the gm label is still appropriate, or the genome editing should be considered a new breeding method, instead of classic genetic manipulation. in the us,

china and many latin american countries. genome edited crops don't need to be labeled or controlled as g. m. in the sector plans to bring several prompts to the fields in the coming years. as highly advanced as genome editing methods may be conventional breeding will remain as important. neither will be able to make up for the huge burden we currently put on our eco systems. but they'll probably fill the food gap in the future. the who uh who, who. yeah. mm hm. bye bye me. let me your you asking the key some by that ancient cause these folk song describes the close born between humanity and nature. no, i see richard johnny where it belongs to the 50 or so families who live here in the

mountains of cheat up lindsay in northeast indians make on the state for my song asks me to forget like the white lands growing among the flower bed. the saw so so don't make you by making them can hold him. can you come all these are garlic, china along which we eat about in ship long. this is what it is. and then we have bonded pals which we cultivate. we're going put them come not the new new slot during the month of september and the half of the ready to have is when i and because of it by not provide on the edge of a lot like open when you're cutting them. so i don't mean to hack and we have johnny's home. village of nobody else is remote, and anyone who wants to visit has to escape 2 and a half 1000 steps. the inhabitants here are an indigenous people to their produce

to real life. they make an important contribution to biodiversity. 3 quarters of megalia is $46.00. so people here go there across among the wide g as in shops. agro ecologist got the good works for the ne, slow food and agro biodiversity society, or the next task for shocked. the n g o wants to preserve, but he didn't traditional god duration nutritional practices. so if we look at the, with the indigenous communities have manage the a foot system, you will see a component of diversity where you will see there is in the system in the of the system. there's multi cropping. we're a variety of grubs see if we do uh, to a mapping exercises. we have found that

a community have about more than $202.00 foot loans just a few years ago. there was more diversity according to surveys, finding this fast, but slash and burn forest cleared and i'm increasingly heavy. the info have both taken their story on the soil. in the 1990s, the lucas on most of non co, started calculating dress to own a living. it's useful life to feed, to make boot and fuel. but this mono culture has severely degraded the soil. nobody so football i need to have you caught up with me. don't know what all left me a little bit, but it is a highly competitive blonde and you have gone long without the other crosses because of the damage i took up and finally got home. but when do i leave? i'm getting to the blotted because it's hard to move and lot one graphic, if uh, let me know. model by as market price is for bluegrass rules, almost calculated more and more of it to the detriment of biodiversity in the

region. this boss has launch programs to revise what's being lost. like at the moment, the logo primary school. the reason the dishes are now back on the menu elements have been replaced by the traditional jink up in the midst by pretty low seats. and let us buy the community implant, the bulk of jack today i'm eating new to allow that pump data garbage with better law seeds, nay's eyes and wide edibles. i find the world really days. the my absolute favorite is the palm team. vision with the ingredients are supplied by local farmers. most fox has also helped to build a garden at the school. we do a competitive study of the local food with the government. 5 common to be available for an open time we. we try to promote that. uh the nutrition the uh,

content off after additional food is very much more higher than to the food that we buy from the market. miss not now supports more than 100 and put the villages in northeastern india with the help of the engine knowledge from the region. agriculture in the mountain for it is becoming more sustainable for future generations. so that instead of the

chair and team and we take a trip to scotland, we're still with the catholic priest. most content folder is a self proclaimed church remedy fighting for progress and change in his church. and when he's not working for us to understand the holiness of whiskey,

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about sugars paralyze between your societies, computers and governments that go crazy for your data. explain how these technologies work. so that's how they can also watch it. now the media is one of the world's pores to countries too. so it's of it lines the hard does it. and yet over a 100000 microns passed through annually on the way to points, not the trends. it has grown even more.