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i know not renew or do we did. so else how can we revive our exhausted cult plans? the traditional seeds cookies, please. toughest thing she knew, see the turns could gene editing, help us feed, the weld, the these are living on your body, but don't worry, there's supposed to be there. there might, groups in the planet is covered in them, and there are tons of them in the soil because they literally make fertilizer for plants. these are some of the only things on earth that can do this. we depend on swell for almost all of the food leads,

and because 90 percent of the planet so could be degraded by 2050 scientists and even agribusiness think microbes could be key to averting a food crisis. so let's take a journey to the invisible world. right under our noses and our fee to see what happens to so else when microbes get out of whack, we can look back to the 1930 in the united states. settlers replace native grasses with farm let and then intensively tilt which kills microbes and degraded so after a series of droughts, the damage. so it was easily picked up by the wind and turn to the so called black blizzards. millions of tons of tops, well, just blew away in what came to be known as the decimal. although farming methods have changed somewhat. so degradation is still a global problem. so what we are doing basically agree is destroying the soil that these and now not renewable resource. what we have been doing so far,

the living, the last, the to actually is may be easy to use soils as active straight to grow. why we've been under valuing them and expecting them to stay healthy, but towing over using chemicals and climate change are harming or so else. this is a problem for growing food, as well as resources for clothing and construction. so it was also key to storing carbon and filtering water to make swells healthy. again, we need to start seeing them is what they are. entire eco systems teeming with hidden life all run by my groups. all this under our feet is top soil where most of the insects and microns live along with plant roots and small animals. one grim of this can contain millions of my groups and a few arms healthy. so i will have the diversity of my groups. the most common ones are bacteria and phone guy. one of their most important jobs is in forming

nutrients. every single new tree insightful on the planet is mostly driven by more . none of these cycles really exist in a vacuum by o interlink. one of those nutrients cycles is carpet plants and animals. i mean mostly of carbon. and when they die, they're broken down by my groups. no microbes, no decomposition. the microbes use some of the carbon to reproduce, storing it in the swell, and read the rest of it out, sending it back to the atmosphere. another nutrients cycle happens of nitrogen, which makes of most of the air around us and is one of the main new transplants used to grow. plants can't get it from the air by themselves, so they partner with my groups. and we can find evidence of the nutrients cycle by looking at certain plants like these beads, which are considered nitrogen. fixing the beams, create these little root nodules that become home to a certain type of bacteria in return. they change nitrogen into a form that plants can access microbes specifically from di,

also exchange other nutrients of plants. they are very fine routes called hifi. the intertwined themselves with the roots at the plant. the fungus is really good at releasing things like spots 1st sight from so we just have the plants to get. so it does that and exchanges that with the plan in which end for things like sugars which the plant can make the switch ferguson. there's also some evidence this relationship makes the plant more able to withstand drought and disease in a degraded swell. these nutrients cycles aren't working as well as they could be. climate change is one cause of degrading. so else with drought and extreme weather causing them to dry out in a wrote intensive agriculture can be another cause as pesticides and are besides kill off beneficial microbes and reduce their activity or the more degraded soil is the more chemicals are needed to grow stuff degrading this while even further this

whole plot of land was intensively farm for 30 years. and you can really see it in the soil. it's super sandy, dry and degraded, degraded, so it was also lose their ability to hold and filter water are more susceptible to erosion. and have less of those beneficial microbes, meaning plants don't grow as well. but so well health is about more than just our food security, little communities. and so health is actually the foundation of all the persistence but natural and then is the foundation of something crumbled. everything else comes tumbling down and agriculture might actually hold the key to making our sales healthy again. the same plot of land, not so far from the degraded bid, ears of regenerative agriculture have brought back a lot of micro bill activity. the swell looks completely different. this farm is a best practice example. no chemicals are used and the soil microbes, arthur arriving. just look how beautiful these tomatoes are.

no to agriculture, leave swell undisturbed, which allows the microbes living inside the clumps. just drive specifically those fund guy, high feet, which are important for file structure that can be a kilometer of them and a grams. soil and cover crops planted to leave in the ground, provide micros of carbon to chow down on, as well as produce erosion and nutrient loss. unfortunately, this kind of farming just isn't possible everywhere. you can do it. that's fantastic. it's what we want, that the problem is that the vast amounts of areas where the, the sort of the so the great they, these techniques altering now to the recover the soil in utah. here's where microbes come in a larger scale. the most common use is bio fertilizers. they use like chemical base fertilizer, except they contain fund guy or bacteria. a sorrel day prediction is

a big enough threat that they are a company known for selling i will. cultural chemicals is also interested. they are telling me already to use in a most countries by the outside of this is certainly the and i'll try the certainly help to reviews everything for the company is also investing in seats that have been and fused with my groups. because delivering microbes along with seats is the most targeted way to apply them . seats can also be planted with the coding of microbes. conservation organizations are using this approach to restore eco systems. is a problem with commercial microbial products. is that the micro to not specifically adapted to environment non native microbes could find it hard to survive, rendering the process useless. and because these are living organisms, they could cause an imbalance and the micro biome disease, something we,

we really have to, to taking cost of duration specially a we do apologize because they, they spread faster and they, i'm always do change the side even better agrees. because the, it doesn't necessarily need it the automatically on the whole since sales are different around the world, we would ideally develop microbial products for specific regions, but that will take time and more research. unfortunately, our soil health is an emergency. we are going to need it because we actually cover sort of thing the seas. cheapest way to, to recover is because we are covering them while we are a maintaining productivity. so for large firms, bio fertilizers are a step above chemicals and where possible. agriculture that relies on helping native make groups like on this farm is the way to go.

the an eggplant, hobbies, not far from the to museum capital deal on his one and a half hacked as of land sunday mazda of green farms, fruits and vegetables. his heels, a smaller than they are when he uses invoice it or genetically modified seats. but he still prefers local seats the most isn't the here. they don't look particularly good at hotmail. com. but sometimes they're small and forgetting. in memphis, they produce better quality fruits or nutrition and taste to your home and better adapted to our climate. talk to him when he avoids onto visual fertilizers as well and profess to make his own come fost problem definitely for you. assume that we

are trying to produce our own organic fertilizer credits when the method in the 1st i use the chicken excrement. i do because it has a lot of nitrogen and the bottom 3 years, then we add remnants of fruit and vegetables that are thrown out of market listening. he will have to tell us we finally we had a bit of hey, which has a lot of carbon, the money it has to need to be kind of go in and you hear from honda who, the and been for decades tanisha is government both both hybrid and genetically engineered seeds, they are meant to produce quite the hills. the country still imports around 85 percent of it saves today. the increasing numbers of pharma is one to return to using local seats antennas, your seat bank has been able to help them. they found agencies from tennessee or in other countries which they brought back since 2008. they've connected more than 7700 different c types. because i was wondering, 2 companies. the work we're doing today focuses on genes, keywords,

as well as which gina type impact crop qualities, fit the and whether or not these traits for the particular criteria, not specific. immediately z o we might be able to use them for cross pollination voltage, which would in turn loss the lead to improved yields a o l. all mails to help best of mocking these products. so lean mazda agree goes to phase on a regular basis. they focus on investments and technological developments in farming. this is logan is sustainable agriculture, which is the grubbing trend into easier as well. the farmers, local seeds are known for the unique taste and health benefits. these are the scenes, our grand parents were familiar with who was what they always found the best ones and passed the mind. it's an inheritance they've passed on to us young farmers.

every year they gather the best seats. she suddenly mazda of gooey is fortunate to live so close to the capital. you can market these products and lots of different places, including and sustainable family events, insurance, organic farmers can sell that goods here once a week. so once i do mount the money, a money, we're fighting for independent food production on multiple fronts, on the bicycle and the money. we're trying to get farmers together seats to see a conversation with the vision. at the same time, we're trying to produce more seeds together with our partners who have money. i'm on new boston avenue in my fund to how they're also doing our best to educate farmer and show them how they can contact clients directly for via social media. and it was a dollar system down the american will based on my lobby the organization hopes that more people will use traditional local seats as alternatives to implemented ones. certainly most of who is started collecting his own like these excellencies

us from the wow. you've been with who have grown aware of the important role that look and see it's play island and i'm using that knowledge. no, i mean the demand for the original seats has risen and the prices have gone up along with it. when they, which seat sellers are taking advantage of their heavy be i have some money. the seed should really be available to all farmers money. i mean, the fluid relax it's going with the best case scenario would be farmers obtaining and reproducing them themselves and he passed it all the way up. the strategy has worked well with the ag plans. and now the final hopes it will be just as fruitful with these other corrupts. and also with an eye on the west, then drought in the country. he says traditional said sent back to the important varieties the

we started improving plants by cross breeding. the best variety is the 1st records of human selecting engine grass and we think back 10000 years since then. we've multiplied corn, wheat, rice, and sewing yields by several times and read them to something which would probably be hard to identify from one of the early settlers back fence. for example, do you know what this is? today? it looks like this doesn't seem like a close relative test. it in the past decades yields have skyrocketed to feed an ever increasing population. we did not stop at just multiplying yields our excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides, and the ongoing conversion of sensitive eco systems to crop land have degraded 40 percent of fertile soils globally. what's more, the climate crisis is forecast to reduce harvest. the problem is we actually need to produce more, but without using more land and more resources is

a 50 percent gap between the food produce today and what we need in 2050 just, just to feed people added quickly. if everyone became a vegetarian, we could produce enough sustainably. but that doesn't look like you don't happen any time soon. if we just stick at the current, you would wait and say it was great discount power shops on the back and move on. and then the only way that we would meet those needs is to expand the active culture frontier even further. which means sort of good bye to the remaining natural ecosystem. scientists are designing climate resilient super crops that might produce higher yields and need fewer resources to grow. they want to speed up the process by changing the plants. genetic code with genome editing, such as with rice, a drought is a big issue. it is brutal down there throughout emergency unprecedented droughts and heat waves have put forth a scarcity into shop focus. that's

a problem for rise of thursday. crop used to being soaked. a new breed might help in the future. this for right. i are 64 is mostly grown in the global south, but it's eating worldwide. scientists tweak it's genes to make it more drug resistant. the new rice uses up to 40 percent less water and some weeks. while the content edited plants, data. scientists did this by instructing a naturally occurring gene and the plan to be more powerful. this gene helps reduce the number and size of the plants pores which are responsible for gas and water exchange. fewer and smaller pores meant the plant saved water yields increased or remain the same. the method they used here is called crisper cache 9, also known as genetic scissors or genome editing. it is fundamentally different to traditional genetic modifications or gm technologies. it relies actually on

natural processes, but it makes the mutation process much less random. most via products contain a synthetic gene or a gene from another organism inserted into the plant or animal of interest insect resisting cotton in the means. for example, chrome widely around the world contain a gene originally found in bacteria. instead of using foreign dna, gene editing makes changes in the characteristics of any organism using the information present in its own genetic code. using special enzymes, working like scissors, we can delete, swap or repeat genes present in the plants. do you name? it will take many dozens of generation until you have only this one gene transferred by crossing and then often will not be very viable because so what just take too long. so the genome added thing is really super powerful because you can go in the single gene, change it and pull it up. it takes 7 to 15 years to get across bread plant with the

desired trait, with gene editing just a couple of months, plus a few years of testing. globally, gene editing researches speeding up from only a couple of pack those files in 2011 to about 2000 patents in 2019 by private companies and public researches the us, china, and multi nationals are investing heavily in the technology which is expected to develop into a multi $1000000000.00 market by the end of the decades, it's risky, especially as many new prep for right. and these are still in the research phase and little data and few risk assessments exist. we cannot then have to see what happens in nature. it's all uncertain, and it could be really experimentation that we'll, we'll be far ahead of the site. so science would have to catch some experts point to cases of, of target genetic changes or cases of deleting much more genetic information than

intended. additionally, genes involved in increasing yields and some type of drought could decrease yields, in which years. and as there is a large number of genes involved, turning one or 2 genes on or off is mostly not enough here. the list optimize the crop, the easier it is to improve. that's why experts, the most potential in quickly developing old varieties that haven't been part of industrial production so far, such as mill it when we or menu, which already have stronger defenses against the timing related challenges. but where breeding is still in its infancy. so i don't want to take anything off the table. the challenge is so significant. i don't want to take crisp of technology don't. i don't want to take shifting diet, so i don't want to take restoration. and or would you say it's all of these things? maybe you genetically edited prompts or labeled g m and therefore heavily regulated . but there was increasing discussion about whether the gm label is still

appropriate, or the genome editing should be considered a new breeding method, instead of classic genetic manipulation to give the us china and many latin american countries. genome edited crops don't need to be labeled or controlled as g m. and the sector plans to bring several crops to the fields in the coming years. as highly advanced as genome editing methods may be conventional breeding will remain as important. neither will be able to make up for the huge burden we currently put on our eco systems. but they'll probably fill the food gap in the future. the who uh who, who. yeah. mm hm. by the name of your. yeah, seen the key some by that ancient cause. these books on describe the close borne

between humanity and meet them. your richard zondaway belongs to the 50 or so families who live here in the mountains of cheat up wednesday in northeast india as make out yesterday. oh my the song asks me to put her get like the wind lance drilling among the flower bed so so, so to me by making him can hold him to new combined was and then we have barnabees which we cultivate providing for them come a long time well done, no nails luck during the month of september, the half of get ready to have it so when i and because of it by not to bottom on the edge of a lot like you know, but when you're new, so i don't that we to hack and we, and johnny's home village of nobody else is remote, and anyone who wants to visit has to escape 2 and

a half 1000 steps. the inhabitants here are an indigenous people to the traditional real life. they make an important contribution to biodiversity. 3 quarters of migalia as far as that. so people here go the across among the wide trees and shrubs. agra ecologist, got the about good works for the ne, slow food and agro biodiversity society, or the nest boss for nutrition practices. so if we look at the, with the indigenous communities have manage the a foot system, you will see a component of diversity where you will see there is in the system in the of the system. there's multi cropping. we're a variety of grubs see if we do uh, to a mapping exercises. we have found that a community have about more than $202.00 foot loans just

a few years ago. there was more diversity according to service by and that's fine. but slash and burn, ford is cleared and i'm increasingly heavy. the info have both taken their tools on the soil. in the 1990s, the lucas on most of non co, started calculating dress to own a living. it's useful lives to feed, to make boot and fuel. but this morning go to has severely degraded destroyed body. so football, i need to have you got up when able to walk me, who is a highly good because of the most and lot one graphic represent me. the model by as market price is for bluegrass rules, almost calculated more and more of the detriment of biodiversity in the region. miss fox has launched programs to revise what's being lost. like at the moment the

logo primary school, but at least those dishes are now back on the menu elements have been replaced by the traditional jink up in the midst by pretty low seats. and let us buy the comedian plot the bunk bed. jack, today i'm eating new jello with bump data garbage, but with the seeds nay's eyes and wide edibles i find the world really days deep. my absolute favorite is the pumpkin vision with the ingredients supplied by lucas thomas. this fox has also helped to build a garden at the school as we do a competitive study of the local food with the government of common to be available for an open time. we. we try to promote that uh, the nutrition, the content off after additional food is very much more higher than to the food that we buy from the market. miss not now supports more than 100 and put the villages in northeastern india with the help of the engine knowledge from the

region. agriculture in the mountain for it is becoming more sustainable for future generations. so that instead of the

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a young indigenous woman went missing in fargo, and many of us were forced to search for her. we didn't want to waste time convincing loan. of course the we are one fateful story among many indigenous women in the us rates missing without a truce, bring in 75 minutes on dw the the physical interest rate for investing. they invest these. everyone here just wants to get into bit calling because they are known as bit queen arrows. investors from all over are moving to latin america in search of big going treasure. nowhere is the crypto currency value more highly than here. the queen in latin america

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experience outstanding shopping and dining offers and drawing our services to be our guest at frankfurt. and bought cd managed by from bought the, this is dw news and these are our top stories. nigeria is pushing for a diplomatic solution to the crew and neighboring. is there a spokesman for nigerian president bullet's new booth said he one to avoid military intervention. nigeria will chair thursday.