to the next on d w. a brewing roofing company is breaking new ground on the job market. attracting applicants with a trainee contest, who will make it and guess the apprenticeship made in germany. in 60 minutes on dw, very wants to know what makes the gentleman who loves about anything except away from the fund. i'm not even allowed to go to my own car and everyone with little holes in every day stuff. getting you ready to meet the gentleman enjoying me, right? just do it on dw, the what we are doing is destroying the this for that? is it i know not renew or do we did so

else how can we revive our exhausted cult plans? the traditional seats, the, these are living on your body, but don't worry, there's supposed to be there. there might, groups in the planet is covered in them, and there are tons of them in the soil because they literally make fertilizer for plants. these are some of the only things on earth that can do this. we depend on swell for almost all of the food we eat. and because 90 percent of the planet so could be degraded by 2050 scientists and even agribusiness think microbes could be key to averting a food crisis. so let's take a journey to the invisible world right under our noses

a and r fee. to see what happens to so else when microbes get out of whack, we can look back to the 1930 in the united states. settlers replaced native grasses with farm let and then intensively tilt which kills microbes and degraded so after a series of droughts, the damage. so it was easily picked up by the wind and turn to the so called black blizzards. millions of tons of tops, well, just blew away in what came to be known as the desktop. although farming methods have changed somewhat, so degradation is still a global problem. what we are doing, the degree is destroying the soil that these are now not renewable resource. what we have been doing so far, the remain deluxe. the to actually is, may be easy to use soil's as a sub straight to grow class. we've been under valuing them and expecting them to stay healthy. but towing over using chemicals and climate change are harming or so

else. this is a problem for growing food, as well as resources for clothing and construction. so it was also key to storing carbon and filtering water to make swells healthy. again, we need to start seeing them as what they are. entire eco systems teeming with hidden life all run by my groups. all this under our feet is top soil where most of the insects and microbes live along with plant roots and small animals. one gram of this can contain millions of my groups and a few arms healthy. so i will have the diversity of my groups. the most common ones are bacteria and phone guy. one of their most important jobs is transforming nutrients. every single new tree insightful on the planet is mostly driven by more . none of these cycles really exist in a vacuum by o. interlinked, one of those nutrients cycles is carbon plants and animals. i mean mostly of carbon

. and when they die, they're broken down by my groups. no microbes, no decomposition. the microbes use some of the carbon to reproduce, storing it in the swell, and breathe the rest of it out, sending it back to the atmosphere. another nutrients cycle happens of nitrogen, which makes the most of the air around us. and as one of the main nutrients plants used to grow, plants can't get it from the air by themselves. so they partner with my groups and we can find evidence of the nutrients cycle by looking at certain plants like these beads, which are considered nitrogen. fixing the beams, create these little root nodules that become home to a certain type of bacteria. in return, they change nitrogen into a form that plants can access microbes specifically from di, also exchange other nutrients of plants. they are very fine routes called hi fi. the intertwined themselves with the roots at the plant, the fungus is really good at releasing things like spots 1st or sight from so we

just have the plans to get up. so it does that and exchanges that the plan in return for things like sugars which the plant can make 3 ferguson. there's also some evidence this relationship makes the plant more able to withstand drought and disease in a degraded so these nutrients cycles aren't working as well. as they could be, climate change is one cause of degrading soils with drought and extreme weather, causing them to dry out and a wrote intensive agriculture can be another cause as pesticides and are besides kill off beneficial microbes and reduce their activity. so the more degraded soil is the more chemicals are needed to grow stuff degrading this while even further this whole plot of land was intensively farm for 30 years. and you can really see it in the soil. it's super sandy, dry and degraded, degraded, so it was also lose their ability to hold and filter water are more susceptible to

erosion and have less of those beneficial microbes, meaning plants don't grow as well. but soil health is about more than just our food security. oil communities and so health is actually the foundation of all the persistence but natural and then is the foundation of something crumble. everything else comes tumbling down and agriculture might actually hold the key to making our sales healthy. again. the same plot of land, not so far from the degraded bit years of regenerative agriculture have brought back a lot of micro bill activity. the swell looks completely different. this farm is a best practice example, or no chemicals are used and the soil microbes, arthur arriving. just look how beautiful this tomatoes are. no to agriculture, leave swell undisturbed, which allows the microbes living inside the clamps to thrive. specifically those fund guy, high feet, which are important for file structure that can be kilometer of them and

a gram so and cover crops printed to leave in the ground, provide micros of carbon to chow down on as well as reduce erosion and nutrient los . unfortunately, this kind of farming just isn't possible everywhere. you can do it. that's fantastic. it's what we want that to make the vast amounts of areas where the, the sort of the cell degrades. they, these techniques altering now to the recovery, the soil in utah. here's where microbes come in, a larger scale. the most common uses is bio fertilizers. they use like chemical base fertilizer, except they contain fund guy or bacteria. so they've radiation is a big enough threat that they are a company known for selling. i will cultural chemicals is also interested. they are telling me already to use in the most countries,

by the way, is certainly the and i'll try this. certainly, a tool reviews carrier for devices to company is also investing in seats that have been infused with my groups because delivering microbes along with seats is the most targeted way to apply them. seeds can also be planted with a coating of microbes. conservation organizations are using this approach to restore eco systems. the problem with commercial microbial products is that the microbes are not specifically adapted to environment. non native microbes could find it hard to survive, rendering the process useless. we sees something we, we really have to, to taking costs of duration specially a we do apologize because they, they spread faster and they, i'm always teaching to the side even better agrees because they are

it doesn't necessarily need it the automatically on the whole since soils are different around the world. we would ideally develop microbial products for specific regions, but that will take time and more research. unfortunately, our soil health is an emergency. we are going to need to just reactively governors to losing the seas. the cheapest way to to recover is because we are covering them while we are a maintaining productivity. so for large firms, bio fertilizers are a step above chemicals and where possible. agriculture that relies on helping native make groups like on this farm is the way to go. the an eggplant, hobbies not far from the museum capital deal, and here's one and

a half heck, to as of land selling. mazda agreed farms, food and vegetables. these hills a smaller than they all when he uses invoice it or genetically modified seats. but he still prefers local seats. the most is in the here, they don't look particularly good have to cause sometimes they're small and forgetting. in metal, they produce better quality fruits or nutritious movies and taste to your home and better adapted to our climate. it's up to him when he avoids onto visual fertilizers as well and profess to make his own come fast. how long? definitely for you assume that we're trying to produce our own organic fertilizer. how does we method in the 1st i use chicken excrement? i do because it has a lot of nitrogen and the bottom 3 years, then we add remnants of fruit and vegetables that are thrown out of market listening. you will have to tell us we're finally we add

a bit of hay. yeah. which has a lot of carbon, the money has to me and we've got a boat in india, e, as in henry the and been for decades, tennessee is government. both both hybrids and genetically engineered seats. they are meant to produce quite the hills. the country still imports around 85 percent of it saves today the increasing numbers of farmers want to return to using local seas continues. your sweet bank has been able to help them. they found agencies from to news here in other countries, which they brought back since 2008. they've connected more than 7700 different c types because they, it was only 2 companies. the work we're doing today focuses on jeans as well as what gina types impact crop quality. is that the and whether or not these traits for the particular criteria look specific, immediately z o we might be able to use them for cross pollination voltage which would in turn the lead to improved yields

a o l o e mails to help best of mocking these products solely most of glee goes to phase on a regular basis. they focus on investments and technological developments in farming. this year slogan is sustainable agriculture, which is the growing trend into easier as well. the farmers, local seeds are known for the unique taste and health benefits. these are the scenes. our grand parents were familiar with who were showing they always found the best ones and passed the mind. it's an inheritance they've passed on to us young farmers. every year they gather the best seats. sunday mazda of gooey is fortunate to live so close to the capital. you can market these products and lots of different places, including and sustainable. finally, events into this. organic farmers can sell that goods here once

a week. so want to, i didn't want the money money, so we're fighting for independent food production on multiple fronts, on the bicycle and the money we're trying to get farmers together seats to see a conversation with you all at the same time, we're trying to produce more seeds together with our partners who have money, i'm on new boston avenue in mind funding how they're also doing our best to educate farmer and show them how they can contact clients directly. and that is a for via social media. and it was a dollar system down the american will. based on my lobby, the organization hopes that more people will use traditional local seats as alternatives to implemented ones. certainly mazda, of who is started collecting his own like these excellencies, us from the wow. you've been with who have grown aware of the important role that local students play. and i'm using that knowledge. no, i mean the demand for the original seats has risen and the prices have gone up along with it. when they,

which seats sellers are taking advantage of their heavy be have some money. the seed should really be available to all farmers money. i mean the fluids relax, it's going with the best case scenario would be farmers obtaining and reproducing them themselves and he passed it all the way up. the strategy has worked well with the ag plans and now the found the hopes it will be just as fruitful with these other corrupts. and also with an eye on the west, in drought, in the country, he says, traditional seeds fed back to the important varieties the we started improving plants by cross breeding. the best variety is the 1st records of human selecting sanction grass. and we think back 10000 years since then, we've multiplied corn, wheat, rice, and sewing yields by several times and read them to something which would probably

be hard to identify from one of the early settlers back fence. for example, do you know what this is today? it looks like this doesn't seem like a close relative test. it in the past decades yields have skyrocketed to feed an ever increasing population. we did not stop it, just multiply and yields our excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides, and the ongoing conversion of sensitive eco systems to crop. land have degraded 40 percent of fertile soils globally. what's more, the climate crisis is forecast to reduce harvest, stay and what we need in 2050 just, just to feed people added quickly. if everyone became a vegetarian, we could produce enough sustainably. but that doesn't look like you to happen any time soon. if we just stick at the current, you would wait and say it was great, just going to power shops on the back and move on. and then the only way that we would meet those needs is to expand the active culture frontier even further. which

means sort of good bye to the remaining natural ecosystem. scientists are designing climate resilient super crops that might produce higher yields and need fewer resources to grow. they want to speed up the process by changing the plants. genetic code with genome editing, such as with rice, a drought is a big issue. it is brutal down there throughout emergency unprecedented droughts and heat waves have put forth a scarcity into shop focus. that's a problem for rice of thursday, crop used to being soaked. a new breed might help in the future. this for writing, i are $64.00 is mostly grown in the global south, but it's eating worldwide. scientists tweak it's genes to make it more dropped resistant. the new rice uses up to 40 percent plus water in some weeks, while the conventional varieties did not survive a week without water in 40 degree heat,

tens of the gene edited plants. deep scientists did this by instructing a naturally occurring gene in the plan to be more powerful. this gene helps reduce the number and size of the plants pores which are responsible for gas and water exchange. fuel we're in smaller pores meant the plant saved water yields increased or remain the same. the method they used here is called crisper cache 9, also known as genetic scissors or genome editing. it is fundamentally different to traditional genetic modifications or gm technologies. it relies actually on natural processes, but it makes the mutation process much less random. most via products contain a synthetic gene or a gene from another organism inserted into the plant or animal of interest insect resist. cotton and these, for example, chrome widely around the world contain a gene originally found in bacteria. instead of using foreign dna,

gene editing makes changes in the characteristics of any organism using the information present in its own genetic code using special enzymes, working like scissors, we can delete, swap or repeat genes present in the plants. do you name? it will take many dozen stuff generation until you have only this one gene transfer to buy crossing and then often will not be very viable because to what just take too long. so the genome added thing is really super powerful because it can go in the single gene, change it and pull it up. it takes 7 to 15 years to get across bread plant with the desired trait, with gene editing just a couple of months, plus a few years of testing. globally, gene editing researches speeding up from only a couple of patents files in 2011 to about 2000 patents in 2019 by private companies and public researches. the us, china, and mostly nationals are investing heavily in the technology which is expected to

develop into a multi $1000000000.00 market by the end of the decades. it's risky, especially as many new prep for right. and these are still in the research. but his and little data and few risk assessments exist. we cannot then have to see what happens in nature. it's all, i'm certain, and it could be really experimentation that we'll, we'll be far ahead of the science assign to would have to catch some experts point to cases of off target genetic changes or cases of the leading much more genetic information than intended. additionally, genes involved in increasing yields, in some type of drought, could decrease yields, in which years. and as there is a large number of genes involved, turning one or 2 genes on or off is mostly not enough here. the list optimize the crop, the easier it is to improve. that's why experts,

the most potential in quickly developing old varieties that haven't been part of industrial production so far, such as millet. each one we or menu, which already have stronger defenses against primary related challenges. but where breeding is still in its infancy. so i don't want to take anything off the table. the challenge is socially connected. can. i don't want to take chris with technology go, i don't want to take shifting diet, so i don't want to take restoration or additional. it's all of these things. you genetically edited crops are labeled g m and therefore heavily regulated. but there was increasing discussion about whether the gm label is still appropriate, or the genome editing should be considered a new breeding method instead of classic genetic manipulation. in the us, china and many latin american countries. genome edited crops don't need to be labeled or controlled as g. m. in the sector plans to bring several prompts to the fields in the coming years. as highly advanced as genome editing methods may be

conventional breeding will remain as important. neither will be able to make up for the huge burden we currently put on our eco systems. but they'll probably fill the food gap in the future. the who uh who, who. yeah. mm hm. bye bye. the new york. yeah. seen the key some by that ancient cause these folk song describes the close born between humanity and meet them. yeah, i see richard johnny where it belongs to the 50 or so families who lived out in the mountains of cheat up lindsey in northeast in the us. make on yes, date for my the song asks me to hook it like the

why lance boeing among the plumber bit. saw so so to me by making them can hold him. can you come all? these are garlic, china along which we eat about and ship land. this is why. and then we have bonded pals which we cultivate regarding put them come a long time. well go nails up during the month of september and october. how come get ready to have this? how would i be comfortable buying up to bottom on the edge of what line you open when you're cutting them? so i don't need to hack them via johnny's home. village of nobody else is remote, and anyone who wants to visit has to escape 2 and a half 1000 steps. the inhabitants here add an indigenous people to the traditional real life. they make an important contribution to biodiversity. 3 quarters of migalia is $46.00. so people here go the across among the wide trees

and shrubs. agro ecologist, grab yeah, that good works for the ne, slow food and agro biodiversity society or the next task for shopped or the n g o wants to preserve the agent's traditional kind of duration. nutrition on the with the indigenous communities have manage the food system. you will see a component of diversity where you will see there is in the system in any of the system. this must be cropping where a variety of 12 see if we do uh, to a mapping exercises, we have found that a community has about more than $202.00 foot loans. just a few years ago. there was more diversity according to service by and that's fine. but slash and burn. ford is cleared and i'm increasingly heavy. the info have both taken their story on the soil. in the 1990s, the lucas on most of non co,

started calculating dress to own a living. it's useful lives to feed, to make boot and fuel. but this mono culture has severely degraded the soil. nobody so football i need to have you caught up with me. don't know what to left me a little bit, but it is a highly competitive blonde and you have gone along with the other crosses because me damage has to crop on. finally got home. but when do i leave, i'm getting to the blotted because it's hard to move and lot one graphic. if i let me know model by as market price is for bluegrass rules, thomas calculated more and more of it to the detriment of biodiversity in the region. miss fox has launched programs to revise what's being lost. like at the moment, the logo primary school. the reason the dishes are now back on the menu elements have been replaced by the traditional jink up in the midst by pretty low seats. and

let us buy the comedian blocked a bunk bed. jack, today i'm eating new jersey. i love it. bump data garbage with better la seeds. no guys and wide edibles are fine. the whole world really days. the my absolute favorite is the palm game. this is with the ingredients of supply by local farmers . miss fox has also helped to build a garden at the school. we do a competitive study of the local food with the common. 5 common to be available for an open time we we try to for more that the nutrition the content of i've tried this in the food is very much more higher than to the food that we buy from the market. ms. voss now supports more than 100 and put the villages in northeastern india and with the help of the engine knowledge from the region. agriculture in the mountain for it is becoming more sustainable for future generations. so that

instead of the

12 candidates 30 meters above ground, challenges that being pushed them to their limits of rolling roofing company is breaking new ground on the job market. attracting applicants with a trainee contest who will make it. and guess the apprenticeship made in germany. in 30 minutes on the w, modern days sleep in spain, they came here legally to earn money for their families back home for 16 hours

a day, 6 days a week, with no contract, and no minimum wage. they look after other people's children and never get to see their own family focus. 19 minutes on the little guy. this is the 77 percent. the platform for these issues and share ideas. you know, on this time as we are not afraid to pass and then the tips copy, young people clearly have the solution. the beauty of the 77 percent, every weekend on dw shit,

your guide to life in the digital world. to explore the latest online trends, navigate your way through the digital jungle. get a global perspective, will be your guide and show you what's possible. to decide what really matters to you. on d w during 6 o'clock don't take long e visa to my son, your mommy's not coming back. over february 2022. russian troops invaded the ukrainian city of computer. it was recaptured. 6 months later. the occupation was hard. how can life go on f for all the terror?

not everyone can do or the fear we felt every day when russia comes start to august 25th on dw the . this is dw, need.