declined by 90 percent since the 19 seventy's but there is that in your life to celebrate and with that that's a lot from us that up next to the phone and to stick around for that. no such as well. thank you for watching the i sorry. one on 6 times to increase the current g. more people than ever on the move worldwide in such a better price than mine. and one great timing question is very hard to say very difficult to find out about time on storing info my grands.

julian's are struggling to come up with a new constitution. they're all games and they're all lost. but on one issue, this unison the current, you know, shay era constitution must. uh so right now we but the regular people on the street have the chance to influence it so that it's not just the politicians who are making decision. i get somebody to turn in. some of the brians look at, we're entering a new era for to the street, but also for the world. and so you have many times for a here, there's been to base about most certainly the wording of the constitution. so it's about who should revise. search for the election, the room people would pick to be members of the constitutional convention. the constitution shouldn't be with by ex, but by people who know what they're doing, if i don't see it. okay, good. awesome. i think there's a lot of fear of change. i got a 1st draft was written and needs

a full up the last title. this film tells the story stop salia. one that could be the beginning of a new to the constitution. the in 2021. this became a place of hope for many to be in the constitutional convention valentino miranda's one of it's the 155 elected members. instead of attending university lexus. the student is helping right. she lays new constitution the bunch of see, it would have gone to the good being a youngest person in a place like this at 21 is kind of brutal. i feel of the weight of responsibility

on my shoulders. and it is heavy. representing to you isn't easy just because we're also different is it's super complicated to define what we're all about. we're totally rebellious, but also super moralistic a. but it's really hard to set a good example directly below as to whether it be facing valentino miranda comes from one of the poorest parts of the country for money own she experienced how on the pool, the distribution of money and opportunity throughout. sheila really is where basic services like education and health care, all privatized. looking limited to your football. no, i guess the biggest shock was when my mom suddenly had to pay 3 times the previous rent. the constitution doesn't guarantee a rate of residence. so there's

a lot of speculation of apartments and houses that turns out unbelievable prophets . we almost lost our apartment. my mom had to sell the car so we could pay what we owed of way to find out a loss of those that were missing. and one of them is the item in me what that in case they get it. oh gosh. and i noticed in school too that the education system was geared towards those who could spend money on it the same with the health system. i don't know when i was sick, but i didn't get what i had hoped for. it's all really sad, and i realized it's all a structural problem for a limited real good. i mean, a school university hospital pension. they will cost money if you can afford it, you pay for a good education, good health care. if not, you either run up that will puts up with

a poorly equipped public system. the mountains, you know, miranda, supposing this to see a society, what are the those with money? you have prospect and whether state doesn't care for those who need help. one moment. i mean you see the bustle gussy single. i've been waiting for an abdominal examination for 5 years to find out what i've got. and i still don't have an appointment 5 years. and that's the norm for people who get by day to day. and then at some point, that makes you angry. a generic right here in 2019 a slight increase in transport fast since students storming the metro and the comfort. so some town for many from the poorer district, the rate hike was too much. it's uh, the only thing i thought was crap. there are so few of us against the world google

but they were fighting a giant. and i remember when we took to the streets in 2019. there was so few of us and i'm stuff broke up a pc, but the majority of demonstrates is remains peaceful, but some rate it's due to a moccasin riot. sit in metro station. you're going to be the best thing to be any funds. they put a gate level of the system. the role of the pro task is very important. that the social mobilization was a massive all encompassing protests without political parties or organizations in church. it was a spontaneous act of the people on saturday. i laughed too. i mia, hundreds of thousands took to the streets by then it was about much more than just the cost of public transport. it was about performing the health system education, the rights of women, minorities, and indigenous people to protest. last 4 months. the entire system was in question

with close to end the piano share, a constitution man. the conservative government spoke of who and sent the ministry onto the street. so the 1st time since the piano shea dictates us it, a state of emergency was declared in santiago, the move in. so the people the cute thousands injured many with all the injuries. according to human rights organizations, security forces used to robert bullets to target people, spaces in the community. for the stuff that i'm the big delay, the muscles following the protests in 2019 the conservative ultra right that had always blocked major changes to the constitution. accepted that it needed change, the great unity for peace was a long process,

but i think the 2019 protests and those that came before we were crucial to make the conservative elite understand that in order to preserve the stability of the country, it needed to change and the data it by that and changing the constitution was the most structural option we want to do. so 98 at the might in november 2019 president sebastian can yet it gives into the pressure on the streets. it's time to allow the people to have the safe on whether a new constitution is needed. a referendum takes place a few months later. posing the question, do you want a new constitution? the majority of those polled 78 percent says yes. when also to should write the constitution, 79 percent say it should be the job of a civilian assembly and not left to a mix of civilians. and we'll make the

see this now to ceiling a. we can go get them and we, and look at what i mean. so they can do at least $318.00 liberals. i mean, we're entering a new era for the opportunities history, but also for the world. and we are a part of it. we want a democratic solution that way and are seeking answers in the time of great home searching the way the at the inputting safety only the tuesday, not doing our doors. another member of the constitutional convention. the micro biologist comes from northern t lane, one of the driest regions in the world. and whether or not so just be remote and

then let's see a sofa not on the web care, but as a nation. then we put our say, we live in it is that you go a place where by definition there is already very little natural, was a pro, the power adults is that this is a mining region. and extracting those role materials takes a lot of water and water and the ship the, the effect on the environment is uminski. uh, so the mendel and okay, you do have doors, pos of the governmental organization, the national commission for scientific and technological research, and just campaigning for the right to drinking voltage. that's because water sources and sheila oldest o privatized, unlike nearly anywhere else in the world. christina, don't have to remembers the impact of water shortages in the 1980s.

just said, i mean gus, i guess i grew up here on the kona a closer look very different today. back then it was a very simple house because i'm being then making unit navea. i was a little of the i, we didn't have 4 to every day. maybe once every 2 days. so we always had to collect puerto, like everywhere in the north license, things go to bit better. and these days for, for a supply to the village from a dissemination implants that are usa, them, all right? but not all part. so she may have profited from such technical progress and even where process isn't supply. it's often very expensive, too expensive, in some places, trucks to clean drinking water, to the villages. here walters, the commodity with them on to tubman's the price and a free markets. it's a basic tennis of the constitution set in stone by the piano, shay dictatorship. in taylor for the simple reason. i mean though,

since the 10 that a, in the 1980 constitution left the julian state with a very weak, oh, said the dna, so it'd be so that's what i me up on the sick thought. but it only intervenes when the private sector can no longer guarantee certain surfaces that the population has a right to significant. i'm you guys to a bit of bundled service, this relationship between the economy and the state would be changed if we had a social state or if the state starts promoting social rights on being in the call . let me set that up with you. and particularly, i don't see it on the see what and in an, an equal society like t link that could be a decisive step to reducing the gap between rich and poor. collaborative, to have a sort of back expect them into those who kind of food. it's by indefinite rights to vote and hold them legally, all sell them. but under the system,

only few profits. the knowledge agricultural funds that pump up ground water for business, growing avocados for export to europe and elsewhere. it is especially walter intensive. the united nations has declared access to most of the human rights, but it's not according to the julian constitution. i thought i saw it was robot asked her to do how doors coming to the conventions and they'll be full. so right. several others here has been competing for g is for free access to rosa, the, the assume the head and decided that it's one of the 1st thing we want is to make war to a human rights. everyone must have on hand to access to water. and that's not currently

guaranteed, that means human rights are being violated in sheila and i said, because anyone who is this the but has no money to buy water, doesn't drink. that is terrible. and simply, i'm dignified in the the other side. out the human rights of what is included in the draft constitution, but what will happen to the licenses that have already been issued for bains? i'm clear. the main thing that i'm in on my list, federal, you guess within 30100 ma'am. then they can get that the or less us here is the resolution also includes the sustainable economic model yes, into the 15 environment and climate here. so we are just as highly prioritized as human beings. obviously that raises the question, but whether that would cause economic problems because of the impact on she lays most important economic sector. my name in the attendance with alyssa,

but i don't think so. i think the resolution is very fair. a mean that's a step forward. not only with regards to water rights that but also natural resources taking economic steps and reflecting water rates at the same time. so by defining water as a public commodity and regulating use if that has to be written into legislation and policy making later. but i think as a 1st step to ensuring a fair economic growth for me. and so this is very good if you do that, i'm able to for my, i did a separate one on the current. so you cannot make model is the legacy of the military dictatorship under our coastal piano. she's the general seized power in the 1973 crew, toppling the socialist government of salvador allende.

17 years of authoritarian dictatorship followed the move in 3000 people were killed. who disappeared under chaise rules almost 40000 with tortures even today the atrocities of the p nursery era haven't all been addressed. and then i'm just the little that long shielded peter shave from prosecution still exists. in 19 a, c p, no shape halston, new neo liberal constitution. it was the brainchild of ch in the, in the columbus educators in the united states. they aimed to keep stace intervention, to a minimum, leaving the bulk of the rest, the economic boom beneficial to tiny elite since the transition to democracy, they have been minor reforms. but the core of the piano shake constitution has

remained largely and changed. now that will be a new constitution and then i would say list is one of those tasks with creasing it . he's a member of t lays conservative political the leads and is a founding member of the policy of national renewal. if that's the same as i sale, i follow a level measuring plenty of as soon as here, i always back to the constitutional process. i pulled myself forward as a candidate who would come up with a good tax. oh wow. so, you know, obviously this empty house, i'm a lawyer and one of the conventions deputy presidents and sure. and it's my intention. it's my duty not to fail. but to come out of this with a decent constitution. and also i got to 4 people so on and i was like, i don't know when i went through this you know they, they took game. i've been with the term, well yeah. i belong to the motor it bride when lab us. yes. if you ask me about

sexual diversity, for example, i respect the right to gay marriage, sex filing, and i say one of them and they say that, i think it's right for us as a conservative party, but it's to be open to such change. it slipped off of that nature. a, if that i've had a plus apple official from the members of the constitutional convention are elected directly. they have a here to come up with a new draft. the assembly is formed by t lays. people also women off on the 17 places all reserved for members of indigenous communities from which the 1st chair of the assembly has chosen the place that you would have all my history in just a moment. so no sat and divided society like ours doesn't find his way back

together overnight. so we have a lot of work ahead of us and for the whole the night at last we have this meeting of tea, lays diverse people severely. we see that it was who have been disenfranchised until nobody indigenous peoples. these people who travel from remove parts of the country and over by more than 40 percent or under 40 my they have for women. quite important. all sexual orientations are represented and you know they, they wouldn't daniels and let me tell them there's never been a police of dialogue like this issue with this representation when i started ever since, i think of, you know, and despite the difficulties, it is a good start i can throw it when you, when you make sure the next is taiwan, was elected. so one of the seats was for indigenous people. he's a member of them approaching to take policies,

moved from the countryside to the capitalist center, and also to come up with the name of could somebody with this a few the alias. i see you that. well, they give us, we might put a must accept the challenge to raise our voices one that was previously on her to convince you so. sadly setting up on the letter said, black my, let me see that it came up to you. what do you need from me? the new constitution must be multi national and intercultural. indigenous peoples must be given recognition. without that, there was no new constitution. so let's see. and i know i have plenty to say to my poochie or tea leaves biggest indigenous group, but in the car and the constitution, the not mentioned once for years, that has been sometimes violent conflict between them. a pushy, i'm actually in states. alexis kawan once a different approach to the left,

the way that we can pull notice united to it. and it would be the 1st time that indigenous people were put on a level with everyone else. and in this case, on a level with those in political power, now we can make our demands directly and not be hidden behind a shadow, a bureaucracy discrimination prejudice. that's what a new constitution means to me. you know, i've lost it. but right from the beginning, this controversy of, of who should write this new draft constitution? so he said, what took us and when equal or did i know they did, people get back then when i went to the center, it's often said that this is the only assembly of its kind in the world to ride the constitution. what am i and yes, the selection of its members was totally inadequate. a constitution should be written by ex, but by people who understand the subject matter of the old, or at least by upon them, at whose job is not only to write it costs that you should be a when i wanted to show you

what i'm going to hugh, the medical, i don't see them any complete. i mean these things to a decepticon and i think this is with the 1st mistake was made by cmc and the direct election of the members the indian to you know, other elections from local to call them entry to presidential elections. there is a different election system, but in the end, up working on it with a direct election makes it much easier for independent candidates. go to independent, the court and people voted to these independent candidates because they'd had enough of the bodies to come up. i live in the helix, so there was a massive biased towards the independence in seats reserved for the indigenous people. if that is why we should the and that's why i think there is no way this is a representative constitution, may multi uh for that matter to get noise when they're going to do some and then go guess will a representative of your time if

i'm in the conservative there were agreed reservations about turning sheila into a multinational state, but it's crucial for indigenous people to be represented in the constitutional convention. and you see they show that several nations living together does not have to mean the division of the country act. and it's the opposite. this is about actively recognizing important parts of society that just put cheese native land as in southern sheeley for centuries. and when no buddhist had my poochie held out for more than 300 years against spanish colonialism and remained autonomous. it wasn't until she laid gained its independence from spain. that's leon. troops took them, approached the land by force in the map to doing good language, my pushy means people of the land, a connection to nature,

remain central to the way of life. the something, alexis, taiwan agrees, a c v and also to come to come up with a he knew that mia amazing. i mean most one of our central demands is the return of our illegally season territories. and the forest set have been cut down and our sides of spiritual significance that are not respected. looking at to see the data . so now the several again, where should i have culture live? where can we connect to it when they're in a world full of concrete? that's impossible. a majority of them. i push it. people haven't most basic and the bus is it on the bus to they looked up, which was the 1st that needs to be returned. is it possible to be the team to give

they want? with the original forest were turned into plantations and how stations and trashed arms were built on places once sacred to them approaching. as a result, the standoff between my pushy and the to leon government often leads to conflict. but the constitutional reform process doesn't have the support of holes in the food chain. some fear that the current situation won't change, and they'd rather fight for their autonomy. radical groups cool for armed resistance, they're all repeated attacks on logging companies with trucks. that's on file. yeah . and the houses spend most of the 2 weeks you, some of them and think someone can think of either from the assess typically we might pull j. r people who want to talk and to achieve something. but we want to do that with parliamentary representation, which we haven't had so far so to keep them up. who chad always been peaceful. they would have been wiped out sooner. it does it mean

a cubicle not 15 to the level to so we have a duty to recognize the struggle and the way other groups think. even if we don't share the same ideas, it doesn't mean their struggle is any less legitimate to this and the significance the attempt. if i'm you alexis chi wellness taking a different approach to the teacher. musician wants to be part of the dialogue on a new constitution. and they'll give them a put a, an active role into the in politics. they want to be heard and have rights as a minority, and she late for as long as alexis kawan can remember. that's not how it spinning chalet. we did not seem to relate to what i was born in a dictatorship and lived through it. somebody the hunger over this, the poverty physically, me not see on the discrimination. you see one of the any quality or they're not gonna get on the list. okay. well, you know what,

i mean that i'm really fitting to the level at the and the sort of piloting the most accurate avenue video. i know, but i really said that we handle them up. what's on the phone or do they get into the hooker? yeah, today we want equal opportunity as competence we might pull j and other indigenous groups are just as capable as the other 2 lands we have to get out of this vicious cycle. everyone should have the chance to evolve. not just a certain group of people who seem important the support, that's it, all the settling. it was all the members of the constitutional convention bringing their own concerns to the table. there will dispute some conflict. ultimately they have to agree on the subject common words and ideas, principles and practicalities. what is she they may don't. and what needs to be written firmly into the constitution? what can be left to legislation?

hours of convention sessions on proved cost live to show everyone has a new constitution is being drafted over by some what to often during the debate when everyone is speaking very technically, you start to lose the thread. but then i read up on it and understand what they mean. then i form my opinion and can have my say, the people out there right to me on social media saying, i understand what you said. but when so and so a lawyer spoke. i didn't understand a thing, you translated it into everyday language, not court jurgen. and you understood what they were saying. the plenary votes and rewrites the draft in the final phase that also means working right into the 9th. the, the,

let's see what that means and so the whole, let's look into it so much to do. it was really exhausting. we didn't get much sleep. we worked weekends and not. it was really intense. and the motion, the draining i meant that the men william sent from the the draft constitution is finished with celebrations. and i'm to suggest the full year, and i'm going to ask you if it was a motional and moving to be able to be here and share that with the others,

they go, i'm grateful for the work that we've done well. the, the new constitution has $388.00 the coast a lot and it will needs to be explained to the people because all through it is they who will decide whether it will be pulsed and implemented. lines foam as people wait to see the text. the draft constitution becomes the best seller, the united method by some of the se, 20000 to the annual data with this draft. and we finally managed to get away from the new liberal ideals. but over the past few decades have prevented the social states guaranteeing certain, right. you only have going through me. so who missed the income i sold directly or

at least a little more? not everybody got from you that is based on the european state model. it's meant to ensure that everyone has access to impulse and social services, education, health, pension funds, the shifter way from the neo liberal model of the p nursery era. in the very 1st obstacles sheila is described as multinational and ecological special rights are recorded to indigenous groups and environmental protection. a strength of this to be a 50 percent female. closer for many public sector jones and full valentino miranda, most importantly quintillion, one capital that it is that it's a most emotional moment for me was when we secured the right to sexual self determination and the legalize ation of abortion. at 1st, we couldn't believe it going to boy, i want to know that i was

a congressional nor do i have to. it's a feminist draft. abortion is controversial in the society, dominated by church and patriarchy. a complete bound on the force and had been used and she lay in 2017 but it was still in the allowed and exceptional cases for he is active is tough. been cooling for move women's rights. but even just working on the constitution brings risk. women all verbally abused and get desperate to participate and fake news stops making the rounds. and then a typical example, they said the right to property would no longer be guaranteed, and people would lose their house, is the dispossessed, and there'd be no more private health insurance and private schools would have to close the all these lies were spread by the right wing, unfortunately, their campaign focused on undermining the constitutional reform process or

say you will move to fake news or phone or come find them from them instead of meant that the heat that it just it was there was lots of fake news in a campaign that took place mostly online may of the end that really damage the new constitution because people get their news from social media and don't check the fact, give us a set aside. so it's not like there's a massive amount of distorted and one sided information. led to people thinking, well, i'd rather stick with the old constitution. we know what we've got there, you know, one of the, some of the good time how much the text is played by vague formulations. and i'm certain see of a health and laws can be implemented. the biggest obstacle is ti lays conservatives to size. one major controversial issue is the recognition of indigenous groups. and the definition of sheila as a states of diverse people. for many, it's a step too far. it ok,

we must stop this constitution with everything we've got. it's designed to divide us a clue. the national state will destroy a nation under, you know, sort of the sort of way one learns. one people. one, no, no. we don't have different territories here, the name on that, so let me, let me try and look at the name of the constitution made us one of the strongest economies in latin america known it, but he meant to do, i don't want any experiment to be ruled by globalization and the inmates of nations, i wrote enough to know can i, you don't know themselves. what was the 3 national state community? i looked on me and you'll come by somebody if you need to get a guess. what is the new constitution is past one acceptance that own this? it'd be a disaster. sit on the b mm no the

during the final few months of the constitutional reform process. there's a mocked drop in support for the new draft. well, most people initially backed it, now the majority of poses is it seems to lee and so i'll just stop just fight with no didn't need the results, but the reform process to despite making it as transparent as possible with life broad costs of the sessions. the directly elected members of the constitutional assembly are considered by many to be those of the possible political bubble with nothing in common with the average citizens. and

it's decision. day 3, he is after protests began more than 15000000. julian's going to have the same will say adult to draw that's been created by members of the convention. for the 1st time and years voting is compulsory. turnouts is 86 percent. the full valentino miranda, the new draft addresses the injustices of the dictatorship, the lowest, at least. it's flawed as this, the reform process in his eyes. the new constitution doesn't represent every one you have to allow see on the test. so i'm going to turn it down is key

because a central right ideas when taken into account at all with glossy, the proposals were almost entirely rejected. one looked up request to see the constitution is really just a project endorsed by various left wing groups to bring it to the country one day, i don't know where to go and they love us. so he's given us negative a good on some more outcome. they are more drop you and we're like i e could okay. order assessing deal. and sheila, yeah, there's a great beer of rapid and radical change. recently there's been a lot of change over a short time and that's causing a lot of uncertainty. the constitutional reform process began in 2019, and then we had the pen, democrat, a son of a little equity c. so sell the same why? last, while the, in the causes of the 2019 crisis,

we're only exacerbated canada social inequality, etc. and email my the manual step, so i'm going to send that one. so then came the economic crisis that many countries are going through and huge uncertainty in the lower left on them yet. do you know, can walk on so plans that like if you see economic on do we have a dealer in criminality has risen to the maybe not good evening so with yeah, yeah, so on when the lesson so sunday, so with yeah, um instead of the name of the victim and they are letting all of that makes people reject to change can and your 1st ability. instead, the better to look at less percent of the kind of the 5th best of space or even the tools accounts finished. it's clear that's the majority use against the new constitution. so that's what happens when people are excluded. the

indian 38 percent of people approve the new draft text. 62 percent are against it. majorities across the pumps of cheat, they oppose the draw. the, the reason we want a new constitution implemented the test, everyone on board i, when no one is excluded, the one that's done well. the sadly the lies one out over democracy. but we will carry on. we are meeting now with members of the youth organization. you can stop the process now. just beginning. that was

a lesson for g. like what are the, what is the result mean for now? firstly, the p know share a constitution stays in place. but surveys show the majority doesn't want that either. the student is dalia for a new improved constitution. they also going to get in and out, as i said, allow the most of what of this next stage will be a stage of agreement. going like the time of the social protests at the end of 2019 . when we treated an acute crisis with a decision to write a new constitutional act that when a 20 percent nice oliver gets to you cannot create a constitution overnight. it's a link the process. oh and this referendum is unlikely to be the end of it to the super fix of but it's still, i'm certain what that new reform process will look like. who will write the 2nd

draft? how much of the 1st draft will remain the newly elected governments on to the left wing president gabrielle boric wants to carry on the secret. ok, it depends on we have a mutual stuck on what to now. we know exactly how not to do things that are cynthia of this, how all this looking know the most of them being good. ok when i get a hold process was a big experiment virtually in society. you're welcome a dialogue and learning exactly what a constitution actually is and what proposals are needed for such a task. simple, when we start a new process, it can see it won't be from 0 yet. and that's a better face said when i disagree or she gives us, i feel doesn't, you know, i don't know. i love this, but he's got a sick daughter. he, you bought a challenge now is to carry on this, we need to reach everyone even yet. and then to present the points that are important for us and a new draft constitution, sheila has to be

a country of equal opportunities and any other ecology and flurry nationalism for the rights of the historically disadvantage. indigenous people are recognized as struggle that we young people began a long time ago and will continue. well, yeah, that it was right now. we're side tables that will only last a day later. no problem. we'll have a beer. and then we'll start again. tomorrow is a new day outside of the land walks, the overriding feeling now at the end of this process that began in 2019 and prematurely ended in 2022 to disappointment as a lost opportunities or hope that changes still to come. the majority and she laid once a new face, the colder it wants to bid farewell to the piano shamrock constitution. a 1st attempt has failed, but at least for now the door of his open for not like

a the the a bit of homeless fun to briefly. so guess about the war and address of the forces he on the blocks for ukrainians. this is the 2nd summarizes in fear of the russian attack. our focus on europe. in 30 minutes on d w,

the spanish government is fulfilling its campaign, promises the by increasing the minimum wage. it moves to boston, which is good enough to live on. another seas also made in germany in 19 minutes on d. w. the fast fashion as an environmental nightmare clothing graveyard image of land desert. this is where things wealthy industrial nations no longer need and the lightest textile

waste gets stranded here. all about the final stuff in the global fashion industry. fast fashion. watch now on youtube, the business. dig up your near within the dfcs office or if severe storms and fios flooding have killed at least 14 people across greece, doki and bulgaria. some areas have been hit by more rain and 24 hours, then they would normally see, you know, you, we do it all. just saved. ripple has been stopping the atmosphere as extreme heat has warmed up the oceans, causing unprecedented downpours and heavy.