you see double use crime fighters are back africans, most successful radio drama, serious continues prim. i'm all episodes are available online course you can share and discuss on dw africa's facebook page and other social media platforms, crime fighters to name. now the nice memory that's the name of the international project mortgage because sky is working on the chemist, take samples from glaciers all over the world stored within the ancient ice for thousands of years of climate data. our research team wants to know, how does climate change work, and what traces does it leave in the ice that and much more coming up on dw science show. welcome to tomorrow. today the

is minus 20 degrees celsius outside that mortgage macowski has no problem with the cold. she's fascinated by inch an ice. such ice only exists and a few places on us. what temperature is always below freezing the powder regions and particularly high altitude places in the mountains, samples from such mountain glaciers, a store here in the lapse cold chamber. this ice is several 1000 years old. installation ice contains lots of the bubbles, and that's why it's a fantastic archive because we can directly analyze the arrows the palm. it's the only archive on us that can do that. i'd love to add them in collaboration with the international research group. the ice memory chikavsky wants to collect samples from high mountain glaciers on all and attitude continents. her

goal is to research the climate of mountain regions thousands of years ago. and to use the data to improve regional climate full costs. yeah, i was able to dots and also i, we have very good data from ice cores and on talk to comes about only affects tristan directly to india likes and tennessee of course, climate change is global worldwide as in fact, but we want more precise information for the regions where people live for different going well because that's why you have to take measures to protect people from climate change and vice for them. dimension for shits and for them came guessing to the engine ice is always an adventure icon. bolivia is a non e mountain in 2017. the target glacier life is now 2 to 6400 meters. 3 such as drill down to the rocky bedrock. not the very boston, the ice is 18000 years old. only in the potent regions is the ice old. the ice is made up of layers. the correspond to use in seasons when to produce is

lighter ice than summer. between the chemical analysis can determine the exact age . if the ice melts, vital data will be lost forever. the closest problem, if that's the biggest problem now with cost is climate change itself. to know it's an unbelievable force and because of it, we're having increasing difficulty finding places that distill suitable for this kind of reset, as what other fossil or reset to objects is dwindling away. in the, in 2018 she kosky was with the ice memory team on below 4500 meters, the highest mountain inside the area. on the glacier between the 2 peaks, she and her team spent almost 3 weeks in the freezing cold. they were able to drill down to the bedrock, a 160 meters deep. now the cool sample from mcglatian lies in front of her in the cold jane. but normally the research is what they weigh into the debt. so big

leisha bit by bit from top to bottom. but here the most important question was how old is the i sample on the edge dropped within it? curious of cool off to the ice, arrived in switzerland. we started studying the lowest layers and we now know it's much older than 10000 years old. now, the systematic examination begins. the research has wear gloves when handling the ice, so was not to contaminate that piece by piece sunset. blanca and giovanni buckler works a way into the past. first, they saw a real fiancee last funds. that's like i wants to nature examine them, support and to find out which pond screw in siberia thousands of years ago. the interior of the ice school will be used to search for hydrogen ions, the types that can determine its age, as well as the climate gases and fine dust. the old ice from the glacier that lies 7000 kilometers east of the alps is now push it into

the iron chromatograph. the chemist use it to determine the levels of that pollution in the past. as we have this on the so here's our precious place. you on ice now, we still discount so that we can do a chemical analysis on it. then looking for gases that have been preserved for thousands of years, greenhouse gases like c o 2 and me thing. they don't so particulate matter of that cruise. the climate from volcanic eruptions and forest bias, for example, to the traces of nitrate search, sol, sage legend, other elements in the ice also reveal human activities, some of which are not yet documented for loss, cuz i looked at it once with a what's really interesting and that surprised us is that the developments in europe, russia actually looks very similar. and then each of us, we didn't expect the because in europe they introduced pollution control measures in the seventy's and eighty's, but nothing russia, length of honest on done then we learned even before the collapse of the soviet

union, the economy was stuck in a thing always even in a recession and as a result they no longer than just money, fossil fuels, and so it makes it less sofa dioxide for seasonal and stuff up on pet or bench biking to him. that was also a surprise for us because the data one to accessible instead of coolest one published by the soviet union, but not to the corporate yet. what of what the, the ice cause proof that, that really was a decline even before the collapse of the soviet union. and also as adults have months on flawed and collapsed so they don't, i'm obviously caught the eye samples from the outs contain even more surprises. for example, that the ancient romans were already policing the. yeah. with toxic let from mining . it was not until the full of the roman empire that the became cleaner. again, the more active the economy, the just the of the, something that's still true today of us employers, let's say also the interest rate is that we can also see these concentrations coming down again on donald's guns cloud so that we can clearly show that the air

pollution control measures that we've introduced to also to stop for a sty back and ask rain, have had an impact as if it could, we can take action if we want to. we can improve things at the best time to come, then you've set t on montero is a 4500 meters high. it's one of the last calculations in the out. the scientists hurry to recover as many i samples as possible, the full meltwater contaminates and mortgage because scheme knows from previous expeditions that the ice varies ancient. she's determined to recover it and succeeds has, has the team planned to store some of the high schools in and talked to cap and creation all kinds of ancient glacial ice. but which such an archive be safe? and then talked to guys, satellite images shows that and arctic sea ice has been breaking up. and usually

early a recent study shows how it's caused the deaths of thousands of emperor or penguin checks as the off spring. don't have the time to develop water proof feathers. projects are either drowning freezing or starving to death. human made climate change as the cause and penguins weren't the only species suffering. as we see in germany, a cold loving trout that lives in oxygen rich streams and rivers. a toad with a yellow belly that needs puddles to survive. on the bed that likes to lay it. sikes and other birds nest. just 3 of many species, native to germany, whose existence is threatened by climate change. the author, the cheese that were needed here,

but are unable to tolerate the new conditions will become very rare or even die out or migrate students. some german studies say about a 3rd of species will be negatively impacted, negative 5 low said another species, among them is the brown trout, profess cool condition. somewhere between 7 and 19 degrees celsius ellipse and foss, flemming, and class streams and rivers. in the future of ritual to temperatures are expected to rise significantly. especially in how some of those things may become critical to the ground truth. as to what is the temperature of 25 degrees celsius, the other fish can just about survive. what's above that they die. the reason is the oxygen levels go down and we'll move to the trans touch. we need more oxygen at higher temperatures because the metabolism is working harder and they. busy will need also the moment when the water temperatures get too high and we'll try to move

to cooler water. it will migrate up hill and at some point a force their habits have won't exist anymore. it's home for by streams they need simply won't be available. and that would be the end of the brown trout in central europe. there's a hose for the buffalo. what determines whether climate change hit to species with full full summer full font because it's an animal species as location sensitive. i'm not very many miles. is it sensitive to temperature changes if it needs a particular and continuous habitats and it can, i may be found by or if it's already in danger and the population has already shrunk. the more points that's applied to a species, the harder is hit in the german state of has a 130 endangered species to protect it, to die out as a result, climate change the yellow by lead, tired as one of them. it's normally found in what lands and stuff in and central

germany, many of which have already been destroyed by humans. the yellow belly type need small puddles and palms to lay at school. baltic stream, weather events like droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent in germany. and soc, could spell the end of the species. and she didn't just go to the table for the or for them to be ins or a group of animals that depend on what conditions are small ponds and water holes. and these run the risk of drawing out during hot spells are drowned by your sites were already experiencing this to a great extent and places in the state of brandon birth. for example, about 80 percent of all amphibians have already disappeared because the spawning waters are simply no longer there. and you can move on to the nature conservation. and ga, not be estimates that there are about $600.00, although yellow valley tides less than the job and stay to pass. that makes the 5 sense me so long tired, when is the rarest dumps at the end?

it's highly endangered throughout germany, just likes the yellow valley tired. the crew also has a climate related of the spring problem in the spring, every tons from its wintering grounds in southern africa and mates, the females and liaison and the last of another bad unless it huh. the climate change is upsetting the buds risk on the, on the, on the shield as clearly we had a shift of almost a month in the onset of spring on central europe, which means that many bird species start breeding are like, are co from short and they're migratory routes to return earlier, so we may even benefit by making several broods per year. is of a meal of working for you all. the cuckoo, however, is a long distance migrant that winter's south of the equator. it can't reduce its migration revenue because then it would end up in the mediterranean or in this a heart was all along because of the earlier on such of spring along with the

destruction of the habit tops of the highest beds. cookie populations have declined in england, for example, it's numbers have dropped by 60 percent, and the last to yes. so many animal species, global warming means heat, drought, and a change of that habitat. if the average global temperature rises by one degree vegetation site and shift about 200 kilometers towards the polls, or about 200 meters of puts in altitude, for instance in the out. some species that depends on certain conditions cannot keep up and are in danger of becoming extinct. the same applies to species, the already live at the polls or very high altitudes. the brown tramped is unable to escape. if a stream dries up, we'll becomes too warm. estimates suggests that 90 percent of it suitable have a testing gemini,

could be lost by the end of this century. on so many native species of eco systems, climate stress due to heat and drought is already a reality today. the devastating wildfires hit again this summer and especially badly in canada and greece increasingly often the blazes seem to spiral out of control just not just due to dried out forest floors, but also fair in tree tops. research teams can tell from tree canopies how endangered the trees are weather in tropical rain forests, where europe's commercial timber lands climate change has arrived in germany and its forest. but how exactly can you recognize this impact? it's a question biologist in a z, as in his students so well hang on, answering the types of research, tyler at the university of kaiser's lawson,

for example, they're investigating how climate change shows often the treetops this interior in regular 170 year old oak forest here and we're interested in the plant organisms and micro organisms. sunset can grow in the canopy of the tree, often boy and bucks. the work takes them to the very top of the research, tell us that he's 6 meters above ground. once that assign, just to measure the house and activity of the most is in like in. so they've of fixed, yet the more humid does the health care and more active they are on the more active they are, the more of the greenhouse gas c o. 2, they can absorb the well being of the most isn't like in salt pet is representative of the house and so far as the eco system, the inputs in order for these organisms are interested in these organisms because they are very sensitive,

very sensitive to changes in climate so not to allow this allows us to detect con matic changes very, very early. so you could also call it an early warning system button system, which means this saturday, warning system made up of most as in like, kens, indicates that the dry and hot some is, are affecting the quantity of the habitats as well as already causing serious problems for the x rays growing here, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites. and then the bar tree at the university of kaiser slauson kind of vs and his students are investigating another aspect of climate change in the forest. he is, the focus is on which insights currently live on the trees. it matters because most insects, the habits always and feed on assessment tree species and just to speak. she's when she disappeared used to climate change. the consequences would be far reaching the i'm sure i need to see what else when some vice can

have what we found in some simulations that is important to us. we usually use such as beach, are missing to tie, set up to 30 or 40 percent of the insect species are lost. so that is definitely an indication that the change can be very dramatic. they have on to say a telemarketer sign, such as scenario would not only impact insects and trees species and dashed a level in 16 pressing at the point where plant eating insects the leaves. the 1st transfer of plans into the food chain takes place. logic is coming from flooding, seen in the novel condition. all the other organisms of deforest, including humans, depend heavily on an inch because without food welds and without this transfer of materials here. so keep this, there is no longer a functioning eco assessed though. kind of presto, no protection of food because it's cetera. to prevent this,

we must password protect by diversity and ensure that forest management is eaten, logically sensitive, been once a vice booth, fish the suspicion, the po, for example. you find that there are certain trees issues that are particularly susceptible to climate change and current, and then you could prioritize replacing the history as in the forest talking 5, always you can, or you could just protect these trees. species in particular, through certain forestry measures to fund districts seem to foster all the protective methods include fostering next stage a mix species for us with drought resistant trees. species oh, trees should be left as long as possible as they promote 5 diversity. a wide range of trees, species is also important mode. i've asked to makes insight comp, networks. let's to set goals to species extinction.

trees are great absorbers of climate damage in carbon dioxide. but the world's peak lands are even more efficient and sucking up to c. o 2, than all its forests put together, untouched or restored pete lands make an important contribution to climate and species protection. and they can also protect against the flooding. this example is from the southern german state of the various landscape fuller full to the nickel. hi michelle. it's a positive one of the largest pete lens and stuff in germany. the area used to look like this, covered with ditches and the water level, so fairly low. it a huge peak struction area. how are you raised some back? i still remember the time back when he was still a little boy. when we moved into childhood, if you look down there, the whole area was black and under when the wind blew with never clouds of dust and

everything was dark and black looked like scorched jars with frontier. this will get some way more than 200 years ago. pete was caught by hunter to heat living rooms towards the end of the 19th century began to be extracted on an industrial scale. fastest fuel then from the 1950s, mainly for posting soil. those practices ended in 2005. and now the water is collected instead of drained something that helps the climate wildlife and humans. landscape ecologist, cornelia see that has been working with people. and since the 1980s, she knows the home for the interventions come the roof has. and that pete lens can then provide even more she and her husband examine the quality of the pizza, oil hair and the casings. those most intox p friends can retain enormous amounts of gold to do that. for one of nature's most deficient tools against flooding.

it is 12 most each pete, most of the species holds $26.00 times its own way from rein phone. this i can give you in c as either slot of an act like a giant sponge you can. i'm it said we've managed to secure massive flood protection for nikolai and the other one restoration started in 2005. and since then we haven't had any more flooding application. go to this nature is of a section of pete lenses re not true lies at the beginning of this year. the drainage that just for the form of pete cutting was filled in about 30 pete dams. now prevent water from flowing out to you. it's low, 4, hundreds, and then on to media that will be few of the berry bushes that still dominate. yeah . for you various dimensions. only 2 months old. so it's very new and switched to see that look much more challenging in the long run. and after a few years,

you won't see anything anymore, you'll have to look for it then suspense, also hopefully pete lens make a major contribution to climate protection because drain payments are not totally unable to store water. oxygen also gets to the pete that causes mineralization which releases climate damage and gases like c o 2. and in some cases, even nitrous oxide, which is even more harmful 6 percent of greenhouse gas emissions and the diarrhea come from drained to pete lens mode every year. our little bit of heat land can store and the carbon dioxide produced 518000 cars. it's almost about 1100 hector as have been re naturalized. and once they're covered in piedmont has again, we'll have a real carbon saying here, going to fax. over $220000.00 tech tons of people and in bavaria are alone and just 5 percent of f as in time. and that's still a lot of potential to protect the climate and prevent flooding.

let us read why and know over to you. do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer it on the air, we'll give you a little surprise, is it? thank you. this week's question comes from roughly on nunez from finland. the why do live or is there any occur at the expos and what makes them so colorful? a real risk and take different phones, whether they come dropped behaving cuttings in the sky, old right elongated bands. that depends how turbulent things are in the atmosphere . and magnetic field the,

the auroras to northern and southern lights are created by the interaction of electrically charged particles from the sun. with the magnetic field the certain deposit goes hit the magnetic field at 500 to 800 kilometers per 2nd. this direct deposit goes around the us many and that the expos, it's only that the so deposit goes, can hit the layers of the atmosphere. the athens get charged electrically and met tonight. the overall reason mostly seen near the magnetic poles of the us that are especially common in alaska, finland and new way. know about the colors, green, nitrous produced by oxygen, athens that's now situated around a 100 kilometers. red light is generated by oxygen and even higher layers of the

atmosphere. design is auroras' come from nitrogen, athens. the 3rd deposit goes have to be very fast to make them play. the fascinating lights can also be seen from space and asked, by the way, it's not the only planet that has a boris the space telescope of south to spectacle and g to choose on the largest planet and also to assist in aurora is shining. ultra violet, an x ray lights which are rise cannot see the the hubble even detected. ultra violet tours on sexton. they shine particularly lightly at satins, north pole, shortly before midnight on it on the that's all from this addition

of tomorrow. today dw science show. thanks for watching and see you next time the

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the, this is dw news line from berlin. a massive earthquake kills more than 600 people in morocco, buildings topple, and people flee their homes after powerful quake strikes the historic center of america. as well as villages in the atlas mountains also on the program. the g 20 gets underway in india. prime minister in the render mode, and welcomes world leaders to open the summit in delhi where climate change and warn ukraine are expected to be topics of discussion. and a shock result as a basketball role comp jeremy.