a gentleman with c w plus or emphasizing the award winning offer is available world wide. every language level. reading gentleman has told me to go the heis memory. that's the name of the international project mortgage because sky is working on the chemist take samples from glaciers. all over the world stored within the ancient ice for thousands of years of climate data. our research team wants to know, how does climate change work? and what traces does it leave in the ice? that and much more coming up on dw science show. welcome to tomorrow. today the

is minus 20 degrees celsius outside that mortgage macowski has no problem with the cold. she's fascinated by inch an ice. such ice only exists and a few places on us. what temperature is always below freezing the powder regions and particularly high altitude places in the mountains, samples from such mountain glaciers, a store here in the lapse co chamber. this ice is several 1000 years old. installation ice contains lots of the bubbles and that's why it's a fantastic archive because we can directly analyze the arrows the palm. it's the only archive on us that can do that. as of to add them in collaboration with the international research group, the ice memory chikavsky wants to collect samples from high mountain glaciers on oil and habit did continence. her goal is to research the climate of mountain

regions thousands of years ago and to use the data to improve regional climate full costs. yeah, i was able to dots and also i, we have very good data from ice cores and i'm talk to cones about only affects tristan directly to india likes and tennessee of course, climate change is global worldwide as in fact, but we want more precise information for the regions where people live for different going well because that's why you have to take measures to protect people from climate change and vice for them dimension. so should some for them came guessing to the engine ice is always an adventure icon. bolivia is a non e mountain in 2017. the target glacier life is now 2 to 6400 meters. 3 such as drill down to the rocky bedrock. not the very boston, the ice is 18000 years old. only in the potent regions is the ice old. the ice is made up of layers. the correspond to use in seasons when to produce is

lighter ice than summer. between the chemical analysis can determine the exact age . if the ice melts, vital data will be lost forever. the closest problem, if that's the biggest problem now with cost is climate change itself. it's an unbelievable force and because of it, we're having increasing difficulty finding places that distill suitable for this kind of reset, as what other fossil or reset to objects is dwindling away in the in 2018 chevy. kosky was with the ice memory team on below 4500 meters, the highest mountain inside the area. on the glacier between the 2 peaks, she and her team spent almost 3 weeks in the freezing cold. they were able to drill down to the bedrock, a 160 meters deep. or now the cool samples from the glacial lies in front of her in the cold chain. but normally the research is what they weigh into the depth civic

leisha bit by bit from top to bottom. but here the most important question was how old is the i sample on the edge dropped within it? we will see for curious of cool off to the ice of ice in switzerland. we started studying the lowest layers and we now know it's much older than 10000 years old. now the systematic, he's, i'm a nation, begins the reset. she's wear gloves when handling the ice, so was not to contaminate that piece by piece sunset. blanca and giovanni buckler works a way into the past. first they saw a real fiance last son to the play wants to nature examined them to pull in to find out which pond screw in siberia thousands of years ago. the interior of the ice cold will be used to search for hydrogen ions. the types that can determine its age, as well as the climate gases and fine dust. the old ice from the glacier that lies 7000 kilometer is east of the out is now push into

the iron chromatograph of the chemist. use it to determine the levels of that pollution in the past as a unit on the. so here's an impressionist place you on ice now. we still discount so that we can do a chemical analysis on it. then looking for gases that have been preserved for thousands of years, greenhouse gases like c o 2 and me thing. they do. so particulate matter that cruise the climate from volcanic eruptions and forest bias, for example the traces of nitrate search. so phase labs and other elements in the ice. so reveal human activities, some of which are not yet documented. laska, i looked across the ones with a what's really interesting and that surprised us is that the developments in europe, russia actually looks very similar. many of us, we didn't expect the because in europe they introduced pollution control measures in the seventy's and eighty's, but not in russia, month of august on done then we learned even before the collapse of the soviet

union, the economy was stuck in a thing. always even in a recession and as a result they no longer than just money, fossil fuels and so it mr. glass sulfur dioxide for c and a bunch stuff up on pet, on benchmarking to him. that was also a surprise for us because the data one to accessible instead. and of course, one published by the soviet union, but not to the corporate, yet, what of, what did the ice cause prove that i really was a decline even before the collapse of the soviet union. and also as adults have much on flawed and collapsed. so they don't, i'm obviously caught the eye samples from the outs contain even more surprises. for example, that the ancient romans were already policing the. yeah. with toxic let from lightning. it was not until the full of the roman empire that the air became cleaner. again, the more active the economy, the dusty of the, something that's still true today or of us employers, let's say also the interest rate is that we can also see these concentrations coming down again on donald guns. todd,

so that we can clearly show that the pollution control measures that we've introduced to also to stop for a sty back and us the drain, have had an impact as if it could, we can take action if we want to. we can improve things. if that's the best time to come, then you've set t on montero is a 4500 meters high. it's one of the last calculations in the out. the scientists hurry to recover as many i samples as possible, the full meltwater contaminates and smoke edge because sky. notice from previous expeditions that the ice varies ancient. she's determined to recover it and succeeds has, has the team planned to store some of the high schools and, and talked to cap and creation all kinds of ancient glacial ice. but which such an archive be safe? and then towards the guys satellite images shows that and arctic sea ice has been

breaking up. and usually early a recent study shows how it's caused the deaths of thousands of emperor or penguin cheques as the off spring don't have the time to develop water proof feathers. projects are either drowning freezing or starting to dest. human made climate change as the cause and penguins weren't the only species suffering. as we see in germany. a cold loving trout that lives in oxygen rich streams and rivers. a toad with a yellow belly that needs puddles to survive. on the bat that likes to lay it, sikes and other birds nest. just 3 of many species, native to germany, whose existence is threatened by climate change. the author, the cheese that were needed here,

but are unable to tolerate the new conditions will become very rare or even die out or migrate students. some german studies say about a 3rd of species will be negatively impacted. negative 5, low said another species, among them is the brown trout, profess cool condition. somewhere between 7 and 19 degrees celsius. ellipse and foss, flemming, unclear streams and rivers in the future of ritual to temperatures are expected to rise significantly, especially in health. some of those things may become critical to the ground troops to hold the temperature of 25 degrees celsius, the other fish can just about survive to both stop by die. the reason is the oxygen levels go down and we'll move to the trans touch. we need more oxygen at high temperatures because that metabolism is working harder and they. busy will need also the moment when the water temperatures get too high and we'll try to move to

cooler water. it will migrate up hill and at some point a force their habits have won't exist anymore. it's home for via the streams they need simply won't be available, and that would be the end of the brown trout in central europe. there's a hose for the buffalo. what determines whether climate change hits a species with full force? so we're full foxes, it's an animal species, as location sensitive, i know very low volume. if it's sensitive to temperature changes, if it needs a particular and continuous habitats, and can i may be found by or if it's already in danger and the population has already shrunk. the more points that's applied to a species, however, it's hit. in the german state of has a 130 endangered species to protect it, to die out as a result, climate change, the yellow valley tired as one of them. it's normally found in what lands and stuff

and, and central gemini, many of which have already been destroyed by humans. the yellow belly type need small puddles and palms to lay up spoon, baltic stream, weather events like droughts and heat waves are becoming more frequent in germany. and soc could spell the end of the species. young citizens that go to the table for the or for them to be ins are a group of animals that depend on what conditions are small ponds and water holes. and these run the risk of drawing out during hot spells are drowned by your sites were already experiencing this to a great extent. and places in the state of brandon burke, for example, about 80 percent of all amphibians have already disappeared. because the spawning waters are simply no longer there and you can move on to the nature conservation and ga, not be estimates that there are about $600.00, although yellow belly tides less than the job and stay to pass that makes the $0.05 me so long. tired, when is the rarest dumps at the end?

it's highly endangered throughout gemini, just likes the yellow belly tired. the crew also has a climate related of the spring problem. in the spring, every tons from its wintering grounds in southern africa and makes the females and liaison and the nest of another bad unless the climate change is upsetting. the buds rest on the, on the, on the shield as clearly we had a shift of almost a month in the onset of spring on central europe, which means that many bird species start breathing are like our co from short. and they're migratory routes to return earlier, so we may even benefit by making several broods per year because of our middle of working for you all. the cuckoo, however, is a long distance migrant that winters south of the equator. it can't reduce its migration, read it because then it would end up in the mediterranean or in this a heart was all along because of the earlier on such of spring along with the

destruction of the habitats of the highest pads. cookie populations have declined in england, for example, it's numbers have dropped by 60 percent, and the last to yes. so many animal species, global warming means heat, drought, and a change of that habitat. if the average global temperature rises by one degree vegetation site is just about 200 kilometers towards the polls, or about 200 meters of puts in altitude. for instance, in the out. some species that depends on certain conditions cannot keep up and are in danger of becoming extinct. the same applies to species, the already live at the polls or very high altitudes. the brown trout is unable to escape if a stream dries up, who becomes to whom? estimates suggests 90 percent of it suitable habit testing. gemini could be lost by

the end of this century on so many native species of eco systems, climate stress due to heat some drought is already a reality today. the devastating wild fires hit again this summer and especially badly in canada and greece increasingly often the blazes seem to spiral out of control just not just due to dried out forest floors, but also fair in tree tops. research teams can tell from tree canopies how endangered the trees are weather in tropical rain forests, where europe's commercial timber lands climate change has arrived in germany and its forest. but how exactly can you recognize this impact? it's a question biologist in a z, as in his students so well hang on, answering the types of research, tyler at the university of kaiser's lawson,

for example, they're investigating how climate change shows often the treetops this interior in regular 170 year old oak forest here and we're interested in the plant organisms and micro organisms. sunset can grow in the canopy of the tree, often boy and bucks. the work takes them to the very top of the research, tell us that he's 6 meters above ground. once that assign, just to measure the house and the activity of the most is in like in. so they've of fixed yet the more humid this the house yet, and more active, they all and the more active a, a similar as the greenhouse gas c o. 2, they can absorb the well being of the most isn't like in salt pet is representative of the house and so forest ecosystem. the inputs in order for these organisms are interested in these organisms because they are very

sensitive, very sensitive to changes in climate. so not to allow this allows us to detect co emetic changes very, very early. so you could also call it an early warning system button system. this saturday warning system may, doctors, most as in like, kens, indicates that the dry and hot some is, are affecting the quantity of the habitats as well as already causing serious problems for the x rays growing here, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites and then the archery at the university of kaiser slauson kind of vs and his students are investigating another aspect of climate change and the forest is the focus is on which insects currently live on the trees. it matches because most insects, the habits always and feed on assassin trees. species and different species. why should disappear? gigi, climate change? the consequences will be far reaching for i need to

understand what else when some bicycle, what we found in some simulations that is important tree species such as beach are missing to ties that up to 30 or 40 percent of the insect species are lost. so that is definitely an indication that the change can be very dramatic. the bundles that homeowner's time comes, such a scenario would not only impact insects and trees species. and dashed a level in 16 pressing at the point where plant eating insects the leaves of the 1st transfer of plans into the food chain takes place. now i like it if i can find something in the novel, additional all the other organisms of deforest, including humans, depend heavily on an inch because without food welds and without this transfer of materials here. so keep this, there's no longer a functioning eco assessed though kind of presto, no protection of food because it's cetera. to prevent this,

we must best to protect by diversity and ensure that forest management is economically sensitive. been once a vice boot, fisher still does suspicion. the po, for example, you find that there are certain trees issues that are particularly susceptible to climate change and couldn't. and then you could prioritize replacing the history as in the forest topping faufau is using or you could just protect these trees. species in particular, through certain forestry measures that phone districts seem to foster the protective methods include fostering next stage and mix species for us with drought resistant trees. species, o trees should be left as long as possible as they promote 5 diversity. the wide range of trees species is also important mode. i've asked to mix insight comp, networks less susceptible to species extinction.

trees are great absorbers of climate damage in carbon dioxide. but the world's pete lands are even more efficient and sucking up to c o. 2, than all its forests put together, untouched or restored pete lands make an important contribution to climate and species protection. and they can also protect against the flooding. this example is from the southern german state of the various landscape fuller full to the nickel i'm a so it's a positive one of the largest pete lens and stuff in germany. the area used to look like this, covered with ditches and the water level. so fairly low it a huge pace extraction area. however, he raised them back. i still remember the time back when he was still a little boy. when we met the dakota with, if you look down there, the whole area was black and done when the wind blew with never clouds of dust and

everything was dark and black looked like scored stars to be put on the. so could somebody more than 200 years ago, pete's was caught by hunter to heat living rooms towards the end of the 19th century and began to be extracted on an industrial scale fast as fuel then, from the 1950s, mainly for potting soil. those practices ended in 2005 and now the water is collected instead of drained something that helps the climate, wildlife, and humans. landscape ecologist canadian has been working with people and since the 1980s she knows the home for the interventions come the earth has. and the pete lens can provide even more. she and her husband examined the quality of the pizza oil hair and the casing. those most intox payton's come attained enormous amounts of gold to do that for one of nature's most efficient tools against flooding.

it is 12 most each pete, most of the species holds $26.00 times its own way from rain. for this i can give you and says, i need a flock of an ox like a giant sponge. and you can, i'm it's, we've managed to secure massive flood protection for nikolai restoration started in 2005. and since then, we haven't had any more flooding application, go towards nature as of a section of pete lenses. we not true lies that the beginning of this year, the drainage that just for the form of pete cutting were filled in about sachi pete tom's. now prevent water from flowing out here yet slow 400. and then until media that will be few of the berry bushes that still dominate here for you. various dimensions. only 2 months old. so it's very new and switched to see that look much more challenging in the long run. and after

a few years you won't see anything anymore. you'll have to look for it. then this is done. so hopefully patrons make a major contribution to climate protection because drain payments and not totally unable to store water. oxygen also gets to the pete that causes mineralization which releases climate damage and gases like c o 2. and in some cases, even nitrous oxide, which is even more harmful 6 percent of greenhouse gas emissions and the battery come from drain. pete lens includes a piece of motor every year. our little bit of heat land can store and the carbon dioxide produced 518000 cars. it's almost about 1100 heck. there is have been re naturalized. and once they're covered in piedmont has again, we'll have a real carbon saying here we took 65. if a $220000.00 tech tests of pete lyndon bavaria were alone and just 5 percent investors intact, that's still a lot of potential to protect the climate and to prevent flooding.

why? and now over to you, do you have a science question? send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. if we answer it on the air, we'll give you a little surprise is a thank you. this week's question comes from ross for young nunez from finland. the why do you live or is there any occur at the expos, and what makes them so colorful the risk and take different phones, whether they can drop behaving cuttings in the sky or bright, elongated bands. that depends how turbulent things are in the site miss via and magnetic field. the,

the auroras to northern and southern lights created by the interaction of electrically charged particles from the sun. with the magnetic field discern, deposit goes, hit the magnetic fields at 500 to 800 kilometers per 2nd. this direct deposit goes around the us many and that the suppose it's only that the 7 deposit goes can hit the layers of the atmosphere. the athens get charged electrically and admit tonight, the overall reason mostly seen near the magnetic poles of the s that are especially common in alaska, finland, and new way know about the colors. green light is produced by oxygen athens. that's now that you did around a 100 kilometers. red light is generated by oxygen and even higher layers of the

atmosphere. pretty vine. it's auroras come from nitrogen, athens. the sorry, deposit goes, have to be very fast to make them play fast. amazing lights can also be seen from space and asked by the way, it's not the only plan inch that has a boris the space pat escapes after the spectacle in jupiter cheese on the largest planet and also in the system of orange shining, ultra violet, an x ray lights, which our eyes cannot see, the the hubble even detected. ultra violet tours on sexton. they shine particularly brightly at satins, north pole, shortly before midnight on it on the

that so from this edition of tomorrow today dw science show. thanks for watching and see you next time. the

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