a multi tasking season. modern invest because if we do too much, we get it all wrong. we mess things up, risking brain damage. so let's stop this self sabotage, humans and multitasking watch. now on youtube, v. w documentary. the maybe you're familiar with the saying necessity is the mother of all invention around the world right now. but the subsidy is quite high as countries by climate change. any inventions coming take, for example, geothermal heat. iceland has been relying on it for years think so it's volcanic activity, but we're gonna look at how even germany is now trying to tap into geothermal. but

drilling deep into the earth surface. in fact, you could say that drilling deep is the focus of this week's made. it's a search for solutions. welcome to our show. here's what else is coming. we'll look at how the ocean could work as a giant heat pump. in theory, at least we'll hear from a chinese researcher about his experiences here in germany. and we'll look at a flexible solar film that could change the way that we think about solar panels. if you're like me, you've never visited the earth's core. but scientists tell us it's thousands of degrees. what if we could take just a little bit of that one for our needs here on the surface? that's the idea, at least behind deep geothermal energy, which drills bar deeper than traditional projects. and like all forms of geothermal energy, it's almost emissions free. germany's 1st geothermal plant is now under construction . let's take a look to this drill has reached a depth of 1800 meters. the drilling water gradually start steaming. we want to go,

we're told at this drilling rig in southern germany, the crew are in sterling for oil. they're aiming to penetrate hot rock. it's to be one of the 1st power plants in the world to tap thermal energy from a depth of 4000 meters. hot water will supply electricity and districts heating the so far. the most common types of renewable energy up in solar power and wind power. deep thermal energy become the 3rd major renewable energy and the potential game changer. 50 kilometers south of munich. the crew may have reached the depth of 1800 meters, but they still need to go more than twice that the the team is international. most of them hail from the oil and shell gas sectors.

here in germany, they're drilling for hot rock. we have a huge variation of wells between a 100 meters and 8000 meters. but yeah, we're, we're activities picking up and a lot of the technology that we're using and geothermal is very similar to the technology we're using. and shell gas, the price is for shell gas sterling have dropped. that's why geothermal technology company ever can afford to drill wells for deep geothermal plans. the projects managing director, danielle meg, says it's the 1st plant of its kind in the world. right now we are on the journey to 4500 meters. that's where we go. so deep because this attempt to john the rocks, if we want to use i wouldn't be reached our target steps information. then we start

splitting up the was andrew many, many different letters to get to a very large read the a to and the sub surface. once they reach the target step, they will start drilling a further 4000 meters at an angle with multiple laterals. here the rock is 160 degrees celsius. the drills are flexible and locate each other if you have magnetic signals. the installation will essentially be a network of radiators filled with water closed loop system for districts heating, a practically 0 cost. they drill into the rock with a pressure of 10 to 20 tons. the diamond drill bits have water nozzles for flushing cuttings away from the bit. we want to drill a 20 to 30 meters per hour with this to a bit of clothes in between. we will take some time to clean the whole and to complete the whole. we plan to be at 2400 meters in about 4 days

as they draw them deeper. heart sandstone, sorry is out. once they reach the target that the water use theory will be boiling hot plate or the underground for holes will be inflated with pipes like these it will take 3 years in all to complete the underground heat exchangers. it's a huge operation with up to $200.00 workers on the site. 3rd, 2 towers for the 2 bar holes. neighboring farm provides accommodation for the engineers. at the same time, they're planning for construction of a power plant which is due to be ready. and just over a year's time to the we up to the apollo acids. so would be a combined as your thermal treating process we football plan. you're also going to provide the heat into the city. a power generator is to provide electricity or for $10000.00 households. the plant will then generate districts heating for up

to 80000 more households. steep geothermal energy is a stable source of continuous power. unlike solar and wind energy that depend on the weather, they still couldn't replace them. we want to be part of that we can reduce it to ring very so many days. so when the wind is blowing, an increase of production, when we have no windows available, it becomes highly compliments. so what's the difference between the geothermal energy and other kinds of geothermal? heat pumps only reach a depth of up to about 100 meters. hydrothermal energy draws on hot ground water at depth of a 1000 meters and more deep geothermal energy use

a hot rock layers at depth of over 4000 meters ever says it's already got most of the 202350 1000000 euro investment needed germany is an important market because of the many districts heating networks. here we have 4 sol, strategic investors to see the potential for technology and for the future business or to support our growth, such as a, b, p, o, v, a or b, h, b being or large mining companies, gas district, eating from fossil fuel power plants is no longer in demand from 2026, the company will be providing green districts heating to munich. and in 2 years time, they're due to start a new bore hole in northern germany to provide geothermal energy to another major city. was not just deep in the earth where researchers are looking for new energy

solutions. also in the seas like the coast of scotland, where generators are using wave power to make electricity. here's another possibility. in theory, differences in water temperature mean that the world's oceans could actually work like a massive heat exchanger producing carbon free energy. but again, that's the theory, the reality. and especially the business case for such technology for degrees celsius. and this difference in temperature is what ocean thermal energy conversion utilizes. so housing generate energy from that. it's quite simple. you need a heat exchange of the warm surface water heat. so fluid that has a lot of boiling point, that fluid, that parades, create a thing, is theme, and that steam runs a turbine, generating electricity, similar to a regular steam engine. then the steam gets cooled by the deep sea water back into a liquids and the cycles repeat. well, see what i itself doesn't boy like here with this thing,

my hands on now basically the same water which now heats up the fluids inside. and as it can see, it goes up and that will stay at home on and that it was spent. this process can run 247. i'm like the renewable energy. the groundwork for this technology was late in 1881 by french because this is chuck. i've seen dice on his student george cloth and actually build the 1st book on successful tech plant. in 1930 lights, the interest, the no tech peak when oil prices exploded during the oil crisis. in 1980 us president jimmy carter assigned the law a to insure the production of 10000 megawatts of electricity from low tech and the next 2 decades. the problem is that you need to get that code d c voltage up to the surface on show where the heat exchanger has ever had the name of science. well,

we have all the special holds getting to see what was that to the surface. it's done with pipes that i'm more than 2 kilometers long. well, and here's the fact that it's taking park to better it's the thing a success card lead out to on show research plans one on the island of coolant and japan, with a 100 kilowatts and the other one in hawaii with a 105 kilowatts french developers was set to launch a 16 megawatt plans and marching, making 2020 about the project has reportedly been shelves due to technical difficulties. the other research projects as well, but non last very long. this also means that there is little to no continues energy production from tech until now. and just for comparison, the $100.00 kilowatt pilot plants that we talked about earlier. one offshore wind

turbine is a 100 times bigger when it comes to capacity. so even though it's not a new idea, these technology is still very much in its infancy. most of the pilot plans west sets up on shore to make a tech commercially viable. at that, a large scale, you need to go off short. this is harm on coupla for my kite ocean engineering. the company has been developing opec pods and hawaii since 1979. you know, the size and amount of pipes that you need for your, your cold water and even for your return your discharge pipeline as well. and the amount of trenching in shore line crossing for commercial scale plants would just be infeasible. stem costs for him to as well going off shore makes it possible to install multiple opec toms next to each other. similar to offshore wind parks, but currently costs are still more than doubled the price of other renewables. the

tricky construction of the deep sea water pipe, our tunnel from major investors. but before we get into that, let's look at whether it's technology can be used. the major limits, in fact, the, is that we need a big temperature difference between the surface and the deep sea water. warm surface water is available all year round in the tropical equitorial zone. so o tech would will bring more renewable energy to tropical islands. many of them still rely on the diesel generators. studies even suggest that if you disregard practical and financial pedals, tech could pull out the entire yeah, wells hypothetically. but before i would say i can even produce a fraction of a tow. i would need to overcome major huddled, potentially shoes and how to calculate price spec being number one. today, estimates for a 100 megawatt. oh,

tech plants can range from $718000000.00 to $1500000000.00 us dollars. and there is another big on known called water fight and the pipes, the cold water pipe, these days hot plastic pipes up to 3 meters in diameter on no problem before a 100 megawatt plant unique pipes almost 4 times that size and pipes that big haven't been developed yet, it is complex because the pipe needs to be stable. i'm flexible at the same time to not break apart. when it gets hit by waves or current. it's proven to be so tricky that an indian opec plant never went online because the deep sea water pipe failed . and even if an old tech pond, what's what it could be destroyed by a storm. that's what's happened to one of the 1st pilot plants in 1930 this on such since he has driven away companies with more than $40000000000.00 us dollars in revenue, lockheed martin was set to build the biggest tech plant to date in china. but drop

the project due to its costs, but it's possible that costs could be costs. for example, in the heat exchanges. to give you a bit of perspective, the heat exchangers on a commercial scale, a tech plant are about a 3rd of the entire project cost. so the, the reason that these are so expensive for commercial attack is the, after you've typing in deep seawater, it's very corrosive. we've developed what we call the pin foiled heat exchanger. and as the name implies, we're using bin foils or, and the purpose of that is basically we're trying to reduce the amount of material and also the size. another big question mark is the actual effect on the environment because you're moving insane amounts of water. we're talking about 4300000000 liters of one more time and 2200000000. this is of cold folds up per day for small plots that are a lot of question marks about our tech, the economics, the environmental side effects, the cold water pipe,

and today's blogs. i just wait a tiny to figure anything of that out. and in the last 10 years, not much this happened. so without serious investment outtake won't be taking over any time soon. he's an intellectual star in china, here in germany where he lives and researches is rather anonymous. shelby all is director of the max planck institute for the logical research. his work focuses on migration and its effect on the state society work, even population demographics. we asked him about his personal experiences with migration and his thoughts on a life and career split between cultures. my name is young jones. i was born in 1972 and when joe china for been trying isn't coming as color was almost inevitable for me, given the cultural fever in 198 my china and i that time a lot in the west in philosophies were introduced at the time as

a high school students that i was interested in these topics i was calling to check on that date to 70 to see what thing without show me. see if i can make sure i can chose to work in sociology and answer apology because they don't approach things from the view point of big ideas. they focus on concrete behaviors. and i came to the max planck institute with a very important goal my most so it was, don't ask what we can do for anthropology. last quarter anthropology can do for us for our world's today when nature and then go, a woman will mention condition, fear flush brake fluid will show up with my impression of german society, comes mainly from my work. good. what impresses me most is the design to innovate.

the there's a trying to experiment which even if we might file the tone for 4, so you've got ship, i've seen the ship to do it for 2. she gemini, public interest in academic and social issues is greater than elsewhere. in other words, the german public likes to the bank to argue the answer to said to call come from england. i told you. and i'd like to give it one to douglas shelf with your shake line to a motion me, and i'm a complete stranger here. but jim, in society is still interested in what i have to say. i use this when i have a different opinion. they're interested in what i have to say to somebody who kind of, i appreciate that's a lot to so, and i'm grateful for that these jim and ask that you gives me the sense that our research has public value in your computer or

chair. the don't call that and the answer, i think that when you compare young people in china to young people in other countries like germany, they have a loss in common sense. so you know, especially when it comes to how they perceive other people and what they perceive as stressful. if i'm sure. uh yeah, i should say it was good to him for commission thing, but i do feel that china has nothing easy place for the especially for young people publish at the time and especially the new university graduates who are entering society at a time when the economy using decline, so hold on. good. i sent you the chrysler being for and when china is relationship with the world has become more complicated and send that to me, your pharmacy, i got that. so it's hung up with the machine they to young people in china. so what they had relatively clearances and goals or football and they don't believe that anymore through the to and they might not feeling secure as such. but they

constantly in a situation where they forced to compete, hasn't telling people they feel that they have to work hard for them. and if they don't, they won't succeed. and but even with hardwood and success, it isn't always in reach. so they have to work even harder and that's where the sense of precariousness comes in your life. so why one of the biggest problems facing china is the lack of social resilience in grand street society. typically, how can the basic ethics of bound, daily life, of human dignity, mutual care for one another, be protected and preserved with especially in the face of all the shocks and disruptions, china res, facing today by saying that there's an issue. i believe it's time to move beyond the respective of traditional anthropology as the discipline questions they ask are still good and useful to them, but we need to pay more attention to the situation of young people today. that will

also help answer apology become more relevant off and to bring a fresh perspective into play. one glenda except the all right, from a great minds of great potential solar energy will play a bigger role in the coming decades. but only if we can expand this coverage around the world, and that's not easy. traditional solar modules are quite heavy and rigid. they don't fit on unconventional roofs or on curve surfaces. but all that could be changing. the german firm has now developed a flexible solar panel, but if things go right, could actually drapes solar cells on all kinds of new surfaces. take a look of this film generated electricity. it's less than 2 millimeters, thick, flexible, and durable. it's also 10 times lighter than conventional solar panels. it can be applied almost anywhere on the sides, proves silos. wind turbines,

even on glass panes, antenna physics professor karlia was one of the leading researchers on our cannick solar cells. he co founded the company clearly of tech 2000000 square meters of solar film comes off its production line every year. the dressed and base company is a global market leader. its customers include, samsung, eon, logistics, and retail groups. yeah, a movers. we can install solar sales in places where they haven't seen any till now that everyone's talking about energy and self sufficient buildings long ago, but many results, windows and facades, on being utilized right now. and on the suited to a traditional solar cell and a single. when vince outgunned, this looks popular plastic to fill out the solar film is made from hydrocarbons. the organic molecules are 1st synthesized and then applied to the carrier film

using vapor deposition. healey, a tech doesn't allow the process to be filmed in order to protect the patented technology. it's the reason why the company doesn't have to rely on suppliers from china or russia. yeah, but it was kind of, we don't use any gas ramp metals and we don't use any toxic materials. i had me and led by there's a virtually endless supply of the resources we employ, you know, technology by the altogether. bulio tech already has some $450.00 patents on its technology. currently, it's panels convert about 8 percent of the energy and sunlight into electricity. that's still quite a bit lower than conventional solar modules at about 20 percent efficiency. but healey, a tech is hoping to catch up within just a few years. if this understanding funds that got you on, we want to manage that seem to 2020 and again, but by the 20 thirty's. we definitely want to be competitive on efficiency and price. other than that, and given the advantages our product provides,

we expect that conventional solar cell technology will gradually be replaced by what we're doing here with arrow garrick photovoltaics. our analysts expect that the market for again x solar cells will continue to grow a 2020 of the global organic solar cells market was valued at some $97000000.00 by 2031. it's expected to be $807000000.00 in good part because the film is silver's the tile. it can be applied practically anywhere, like on this bicycle garage, which can charge for e bikes a day. the be all going to of what the panics, photo voltaic can be, easily incorporated into roofing film. so in the future, we'll be able to cover roots with a film that comes ready made with integrated solar cells. these are lots of the products into this for lighter and more flexible, and more sustainable that could help give the technology an edge over conventional silicon base solar modules. necessarily,

the can production isn't particularly eco friendly in several respects. otherwise, the also gaining photo voltage x have some key advantages in that respect of on demand for julia, text solar film is high higher than the company can meet at the moment. they only supply selected commercial customers. but celia tech is planning to build 10 new factories that private customers will also have access to the organic solar found the power from the sun from deep underneath the earth, even from the sea. clever ideas are everywhere, and reality matches promise. they could actually provide us with solutions for carbon free energy. so all are part of that greater effort finding a more sustainable way to live and making money in the process. and that's it for this episode of me, we'll see again. so the

answer is the conflicts of the west to continue to do what needs to be done. strong was so my guess is waiting today says former deputy supreme commander in europe. richard. sure, there's a lingering field, but somehow we can go back to some sort of status clarifying to russia. that is not going to happen. to have a conflict in 30 minutes on the w. b. china's favorites probably knowing your

billions and loans, infrastructure investments. serbia is the bridge had for china as news. sell cloud critics or warning of too much dependence and control china's influence in 75 minutes on d. w. it's a race against time zeta soon to is very sick that she could time is that she must waste months in assess and to to, to 300 things to moment that will change her mind. find my home in the culture this weekend on a mission of the question about life,

the universe and every thing the answer. well, the give it here, the answer to almost everything. our documentary series with clever and the ground to break in question is going to be after life dumber in our city, saving the world. 2 questions for the present future heads filled with the ideas. 2 then when we learn something, the hardware and software of our brains changes. so get really slow to bring up the 40 to the answer to almost everything this week on the

this is dw news live from 30000 still missing and leave the dies off to catastrophic flooding. molding 5000 people have died and government officials say that number may be 4 times higher. lots of the city of done that has been destroyed off to to rental ryans opposed to dams, to boast. also coming off came john own invites russian president vladimir to visit north korea as the 2 latest plates, cooperation, and friendship during torques in russia's fine.