in 45 minutes on d w. olds. we say they're never giving up every weekend on dw rascally racoons in berlin. but hold on martha native to north america. and what about all those rabbits in australia? yep, they pulled the problem too. according to the u. s. bio diversity council. indigenous species and their eco systems are already under pressure at a cost of societies of around $400000000000.00 bureaus every year. invasive species are a problem that needs addressing. plenty of people seem to enjoy the thrill of the

chase, but science is also doing what it can coping with invasive spc and much more this week and tomorrow today dw science program, the tools and i'm especially being seen this summer in a switch town. not saw from zurich, people in protective gaps striding through and then not ment gotten spring insecticide. the goal is to wipe out any japanese beetles as fast as possible. the authorities think that a small population estimated it between a 100 and a 1000. insects is established that the 1st time in infestation of this size is a cut most of the out sofa. and the single beetles have been detected. officials immediately sounded the alarm and started doing everything comfortable to stump out the pest completely. because one thing is clear, concert hall part of europe is watching close, understand or into this. everyone is keen to see whether we manage to a radical something besides the situation is not just very important for

switzerland, but also internationally is to be to isn't stocked here, it's long term spread throughout europe, crows much more likely, and that could have trusted consequences. so agriculture that future scenario is already reality in northern italy. for years the japanese beetle has been eating its way through the regions. vineyards. marco may not, you is vinyati is regularly infested. the winemaker has to pick the beatles off his lines one at a time. and never ending task bus. it's the only way to save, at least the cost of his harvest. c o bus died separate or it's frustrating, but you just have to do it can use in your equation. and it's much more frustrating when you see them eating up the vine. giovanni, both you and a colleague from the countries agricultural office, the trying to get the japanese beetle under control. in the last few years, populations of the past have exploded. and that causing serious damage that before

the spread of the japanese beetle is a huge problem for a range of crops. certainly not the hearts of them arrive and start eating the leaving mice damage. they cause severe months out of that for you think it's not really the following plans. if we got c o n a, the piano in the early 20th century, the japanese be told was 1st introduced from its native country to the us and soon spread to canada. in the us, the loan, it causes several $100000000.00 in crop damage annually. then in the early 19 seventy's, the insect to made the lead to europe. at 1st i'm need to be as those versus eventually reached mainland to europe in 2014, in northern italy. it's established quickly and multiplied exclusively in 2017. the beetle also spread to switzerland for a long time. it was found only in the southern count on us to tina the outs form

a natural barrier that prevented further spread until recently, at least when they were also found north of the range. because the beach recalculation appears small and finally to those the experts hope it can be whitehouse. that's no longer a possibility south of the alps into chino or northern italy. tim hi is an invasive pests specialist at the copy, an international nonprofit research sites. there are about 12000000 between lobby in the soil and this paul colored directly. what does this notice? and that's a huge population for this tiny area alone. and then of course, it poses a problem for agriculture and the environment here with such huge populations eradication is no longer an option. but containment might be in his lab. tim hi, is that for looking for ways to keep the beetle in check. one method involves a parasitic flight. the principle is simple. the fly lays its eggs from the beatles

bang, lovely developing them in just 24 hours. the 1st law, but the hatch quickly bows into the body of the beetle and proceeds to devour it from the inside. it then p pates and eventually images as an adult, flying the following spring. only one slide develops puppy to you, but there is still many open questions like whether the fly only power supplies is japanese. beetles such as at the english gate institute have made more progress. they are also looking for effective biological ways to combat the invasive and a special fungus session promise as a weapon. it's being intensively tested under quarantine conditions. the original plan was to infect the navi, with the fungus i've seen here in time lapse footage. the research has tested what

happened to lobby the winter in an experimental field, seated with the fungus. when spring came, they monitored whether it has an impact on the japanese be told population. the fungus can decimate the pests close relatives, ladybugs, and june bugs. but the results with the japanese beetle, but disappointing as the fungus have little effects on it. snobby lots of them. yeah, fantastic. unfortunately, japanese diesel love am much more robust than native diesel. i like lady bucks and jean bug me say spell it us. we found that a fungal schools we used just didn't have the effect we would have, like i said. so for now, the research focuses back on adult insects. scientists have spray leaves with fungal spose, and put them in containers with beatles. they don't even have to eat. simple contact is enough. fungal, suppose grow into the insect and kids in a few days. b,

s for this or dot the tv. it's the 1st results we've seen from the lab or very encourage you to get seen. that's the key for it and we solve it practically 100 percent of the beatles can be killed by these phone guy in just a few days that we have some kind of so we're feeling quite positive on this. i've seen vague, at least suppose that you've had of course we're now looking at how we can build on this success and via how we can get the method out in the field, us and into practice. that's file and they do fox, it's emails, field trials already on the way. it will still take some time. however, before the 1st results are available, it's debatable whether the japanese be to can actually be kept towns of northern europe forever. climate change models indicate large parts of the continent could soon offer the conditions it needs to strife. dinosaurs admitted their fair share of greenhouse gases once the re even holds that that might have contributed to their demise. the animals we've domesticated also

produced plenty of gases that are bad for the climate. livestock finding makes up a significant portion of human induced emissions to change that we would need to cut down on the number of animals we raise for food or possibly make the ones we have less destructive. the researchers in new zealand are interested in the sheep because of their digestive gases. some will spend an hour today an experimental chambers at the inver cargo research farm. the method reveals which animals excel lots of the climate damage and gas missing, and which were found less of it. scientist suzanne, rob explains that 90 percent of greenhouse gas emissions come from an animal's mouth not at the rear end. so i'm taking a sample of a break in the volume of that, and i'm using the gauge, how much me so units of a compared to contemporaries. and i can use that to run on the individual because

some animals also meant that beat slightly differently. and they give it to the others. so what we're looking for those low, low emissions in those low emitters, in bread with one another row has been pursuing the odor intensive program for 11 years after 3 generations for flock now and sales, 13 percent less, methane gas. then at the start of the experiment, meantime we can make a difference. we can make a difference quickly if we lower the amount of missing in the environment. we can very quickly have an impact was if we lower the amount of copy on something the apartments were having a massive impact in the long term. the short term impact we weren't see as much. so it's, it's a router opportunity for, for the launch stuck in districts and like a, really about an hour away from the research station is leon blacks farm. he's a 4th generation chief farmer. black is one of the 1st to put the scientists

principles into practice. he breed cheap and have better brass, 11. but in the process he can't forget the bottom line. his animals still need to produce plenty of meat. and well, the heart was always said if you had a more efficient room and then more so that put the units and the things like the home mode will make and that looks ready to tie. so we're selecting animals, try to utilize feed beta dog, put out be fine, and hit more into the product. it's going to like the when, when such, when, when situations are urgently needed in news events, which is determined to become climate neutral by 2050 to get the government has now investing millions in the development of new technologies for agriculture. like here at the palmerston north campus. new wedlock has been working for 15 years on

another promising project, a vaccine against me thing gases in animals, one that would work in towels as well as cheap. so i have been working on for quite some, but some time, but we are making good progress. we say the showing that you can vaccinate animals and they can produce antibodies against the percentage. and so in the saliva we've done some studies that show they produce enough anti bodies to see a radically coat all in the science into the room. and but former prime minister just send a order and didn't want to wait for a new anti birth injection. and decided to take on farmers to achieve climate goals per party wanted methane gas submitted by cows and sheep to drop by up to 47 percent by 2050. to push that agenda. farmers are supposed to pay an emissions tax starting in 2025 a world 1st. the proposal is it stands main ceilings from is a seat to be the 1st in the world to reduce agricultural emissions, positioning,

a biggest export market to the competitive advantage that brings in a world increasingly to sunni about the provenance of the search. but not everyone is on board with a government's idea. there have been protests. many farmers fee or the extra costs will hit the countries agriculture industry to hard hits new zealand an export sector. back to sheep farmer, leon black. g 2 is angered by the government's plans and thinks the tax is unfair. even his clean turbo sheet and it too much to exempt him from it. many sheet farmers would have no choice but to reduce the size of their flocks and hurts. even though animal husbandry in new zealand is already among the most environmentally friendly in the world, i believe there's more going to be my, the way the 11th is what i know. i think it's really unrealistic. for a government decide 40 or 50 the same, it's just magic very,

very disappointed. i like thoughts not strange on the experimental form. the testing is over for the day that the scientist susanne ro understands the farmers concerns. but she also sees the potential in her super she and she believes that new zealand could become a global pioneer in the industry. we don't really know how far we can go. we, we know the in the, in, in these folks we're going very quickly. but if we apply that to our normal breathing, salt them, we're seeing us going 2 to 3 percent drugs per year. so we're seeing a considerable difference. and what has already worked for new zealand sheep is now to be tested in other domesticated species. next on the list,

reading low and meeting cows you'd never consume this intentionally, but we do it. unaware. studies have found we ingest around 5 grams of micro plastic every week. the equivalent by weight of a credit card. the super fine particles are now everywhere. in the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we micro, plastics are in the soil too. of course, and fertilizers add more all the time. but can they also migrate from there into plants. this the retreat is all about food safety. one vice 0 doesn't get one, but if him we know that there is a loss of micro plastic in the soil in the environment is proficient. and in this project, we're investigating different uptake pathways or from the one of the mystery, the routes, and then into the leaves. if tiny plastic particles are in the water,

all soil cons might of salt and to find out which factors could influence uptake. the research has, he has simulate processes in the lab using pock choice evenings have are given via done nano to do so we bought nano and micro plastic suspended in most of the, in the pounds website, and couldn't dunc beta. then later we can detect the particles, the to that on the distribution and the plants lie or died that's attached to base costs and coast to city for title. in the atlanta now lies under the microscope. the died microphone stakes lights up red as expected to pop choice, evenings of absorbed particles through the roots. offended octo nominating disaster absorption. these red dots or this reddish mirror is also found in the rest of the room. that means it's not only absorbed somewhere and then sticks there. it's also somehow being transported inside the plant and what we don't know how that happens

. you put the plastic, finds ways from the root area to other areas of the plans in both supervisor and the i should be a sensor, tomatoes, asparagus radishes, and all the plans that expand and did with. so the phone, the 2 scientists have been able to detect plastic residues, but even root this organisms are susceptible. a neighboring nevada tree house is the largest collection of snow allergy in the world. have some of the files that i've picked out to that are a bit interesting from a food perspective on one is colorado and it's a single cell. the green algae sold in health food stores, so that's the reference to food. then there's field act along which is the diet tom that produces valuable omega 3 fatty acids. the o g o key to the research project. people own and i thought we need a simple system to start out with our experiments. i had

a single cell. algae is easier to work with in a complex plant or tree. obviously it's much easier to try many things out on such a relatively primitive system. it and there are some species of algy that seem to take up plastic very well and appear to have no problem with absorbed or micro plastic particles in terms of appearance and grows. we don't see any differences. that's why the selected algy are pretty interesting because there are different species from different branches of the evolutionary tree. and that's a normally supervisor suzana bowsman is using a mass spectrometer to investigate the precise effects of plastic particles uptake on organisms. the instrument analyzes the exact mass of various molecular constituents if the micro plastics cause even the smallest anomalies they can be detected. home s i'm not supposed to. so we have the fact indications that some

compounds of presidency and lower concentrations of those in higher concentrations shown on these include secondary plants, compound x, which bounce normally produced to protect themselves in so far, they help protect it from light or time by insects in the researches onto efficiently creates particles like those that come from ty, away, the use of greenhouse plastics or garbage and the modem. well there's no shortage of full system light plastics. no one wants plastic in the food, but how much home is consumption actually due to us humans? to convert this in canada and for me, i would love to be able swap this to that question. and i hope we can do so in the future. couldn't video things, but as of now we still can't assess the risks to the plant itself or to the consumers or animals that eat these pounds. crystal lo finish option seals and the

goal is to ensure no plastic ends up on our plates. in the 1st place in the future, the research is going to work on ways to remove it from contaminated organisms. until then they would find it straightforward. via especially it would probably be best to avoid nano and might quite plastics. not would have many positive side effects. so those people on the environment. but plastic use is on the right of this. it's important tree consumption, buying food, clean drinking water is scarce in many places on earth. the drive to tap new sources has let us to drill ever deeper wells. in some places, fall collection is an option in others, energy intensive dissemination plants turn see water. fresh purification systems are elaborate and expensive to operate. but as all the water we consume have to be the same, high quality, for instance,

does water use to irrigate fields have to be as clean as tap water? first bounce this field of feed, cool, and looks much like any other thoughts. it's actually an irrigation experiment. that could pioneer war 2, recycling methods in gemini and elsewhere. and it's treated wastewater is being used in agriculture as yet to an unknown practice for jim and thomas. but one that could soon be vital for the region south of funding. the soil here has become particularly dry just in my god sky and there was no significant rain fall in may again more now already assuming 20 percent crop losses or most of may all the way up until the middle of june. so 6 weeks at all, it was far too dry. niko, who, it is pumps must have moved to naples, gross, and stability, nutrient transport and photo synthesis. the last few days of june at least, saw some rain. but the pharma comp, really easy, one of the around get dry,

gets hard. that means the long dry spell is still visible and he's comb counts with the this will talk about here. you can see this plants root system, but it's clearly too small. is that in the lateral roads here should already be longer and penetrate deeper and the teaser we keep talking. i think the soil is compact due to the dry spell continue. this corn plant couldn't send roots deep enough to reach the water below. and that's why it's much smaller yard. the reason the site and the regular watering would be too expensive. well, ground water is a sketch results in the region, but there's plenty of readily available voice and nearby in the sewage plant next to nico route, as cornfield via um yup. we'll talk. we discharge up to 1100 cubic meters of treated gray water into the black else the river every day as well. so that's water that's removed from the region, the natural waterside colors as low as delta units. so grey will say, is treated wastewater,

but no said drinking quality. it's long being used for irrigation in southern europe, so nothing gemini back could soon change a new e. u regulation with uniform rules went into force at the end of june. all sewage treatment counts in the block that comply and now allowed to divert war to agriculture. of the project to ya is the 1st in gemini lava, select the great will to constantly be sprayed onto the fields as it is because all the pathogens that are currently present in the population are also still pump even reflected in the water treatment plant can get a little town but not everything. and we don't want to spread these pathogens onto crops and farm land. in the future, however, just 2 sides of the plants, gray water will flow into the nearby with a wet gems is sufficiently diluted. the remains that will be pumped through, especially installed u v. system. your contents fossil, the grey will take out

a treatment plan and arrives. yeah. so it passes through with you the reaction and then exits here, content on it. so i've heard of all the field with in this big, big no of the use, the light kills pathogens that they were able to is still not completely purified. most knocked out with individual drug residues can be left the days of the dis infection because not all of them are affected by ultra vine at night. and we can still measure those in the field of 2. it's that 1st let the water flow, the trial area covers 12 heck, toes in total old planted with feed cooling. so you have have things that have some time for the event will irrigate that 1st part. if all i mean the 2nd field will receive less because we want to have a comparison to see how much water we need to get a good harvest yet. what's the and, and the last field is our referential. and so it won't be irritated at all involved

and that's, that's the threes, as we'll say, make it easier to compare pollutant levels because the new e u regulations require a risk management plan several times a month. officials from the gym and environment agency come to take samples of gray water ground water pumps and soil home ins, cuz i'm fishing who we analyze a total of between a $120.00 and a $140.00 parameters within the context of irrigation water, soil. and so on to the list is quite long. i'll try it ranges from household products and pharmaceuticals to pesticides. so it's not finished. what's limiting? residue used in grave or to die looted significantly off to its discharged into rivers. could regularly irrigating crops with it, caused them to build up in the soil. does it pets? this is the for the real question. this was whether or not these trace substances accumulated in the soil over time, or in ways that could harm health or the environment of shots and kind of with any stuff this we don't know yet and it has. and we assume that the tests will have to

be carried out a year for several years, just like before. we do know whether such an accumulation of pollutants or like are in the soil, are not damaged off to being harvested. the cooling will also be tested for contamination, so that'll take time, but it's quicker to assess how much irrigation helped clumps during the dry spell. niko, who the is satisfied of pretty irrigated cooling root looks much healthier than it's normally regulated, counts upon it. my named in contrast to the other on irrigated plant that has a much better ball of fine roots divided the soil adheres to it, so the plant can optimally supply itself with water and nutrients are going with a risk management plan that adheres to e. u regulations. every sewage treatment counts could potentially die, but gray, which is the agriculture in gemini alone. the potential is huge. the countries $10000.00 sewage treatment plants treat about 10000000 cubic meters of wasteful to pay a year. its its research that could address

a worldwide problem. that's it for this week. hope you enjoyed the show. see you again next time on tomorrow today. bye bye for now the . the

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