a multi tasking, diesel modern method. because if we do too much, we get it all wrong. we mess things up, risking brain damage. so let's stop this self sabotage. humans and multitasking. watching our new to v w documentary, rascally racoons in berlin. but hold on martha native to north america. and what about all those rabbits in australia? yep, they posed a problem too. according to the u. s. bio diversity council. indigenous species and their eco systems are already under pressure at a cost of societies of around $400000000000.00 bureaus every year. invasive species or a problem that needs addressing. plenty of people seem to enjoy the thrill of the chase . but science is also doing what it can coping with invasive species. and much more

this week on tomorrow to day d w's science program. which was an unsettling scene this summer in a swish town, not far from zurich, people in protective gaps striding through and then the garden spring insecticide. the goal is to wipe out any japanese beetles as fast as possible. the authorities think that a small population estimated it between a 100 and a 1000 insects is established that the 1st time an infestation of this size is a could most of the out sofa. and the single beetles have been detected. officials immediately sounded the alarm and stuffy doing everything possible to stump out the pest completely. because one thing is clear, don't settle part of europe is watching close to understand that. and everyone is keen to see whether we manage to eradicate them. besides, the situation is not just very important for switzerland, but also internet generally is the beetle isn't stumped here it's long term spread

throughout. europe grows much more likely and that could have drastic consequences . so agriculture that future scenario is already reality in northern italy. for years the japanese beetle has been eating its way through the regions, vineyards. my co may not you, as vineyard is regularly infested, the wine making has to pick the beatles of these finds one at a time and never ending task bus. it's the only way to save, at least the cost of his harvest fee of mustang separate or it's frustrating, but you just have to do it quarter can use an equation and it's much more frustrating when you see them eating up the viability. giovanni, both you and a colleague from the countries agricultural office are trying to get the japanese veto under control in the last few years, populations that the past to exploded and that causing serious damage that before

the spread of the japanese beetle is a huge problem for a range of crops, certainly not the hearts of them arrive and start eating the leaving mice, the damage they caused suddenly severe months out and look for you think it's not really the following. are the plans that they forget c o n a. the piano in the early 20th century, the japanese be told, was 1st introduced from its native country to the us and soon spread to canada in the us to load. and it causes several $100000000.00 in crop damage annually. and then in the early 19 seventy's, the insect to make the lead to europe. at 1st, i'm need to be as those are due to eventually reached mainland to europe. in 2014 in northern italy, it's established to quickly multiply the explosive lakes in 2017. the b to also spread switzerland for a long time, it was found only in the southern count on us to chino, the outs form a natural barrier that prevented further spread until recently,

at least when they were also found north of the range. because the beautiful population appears small and fine selected those the aspects, hope it can be white house that's no longer a possibility south of the outs into chino or northern easily. tim hi is an invasive pests specialist at the copy. an international non profit research and you know, he sites there are about 12000000 beetle lobby in the soil and this paul colored directly with that's notation. that's a huge population for this tiny area alone. and then of course, it poses a problem for agriculture and the environment here with such huge populations eradication is no longer an option. but containment might be in his lab. tim hi, is that for looking for ways to keep the be to in check. one method involves a parasitic flight. the principle is simple. the fly lays its eggs on the beatles

back. lovely developing them in just 24 hours. the 1st law, but the hatch quickly bows into the body of the beetle and proceeds to devour it from the inside. then paints and eventually images as an adult find the following spring. only one slide develops puppy to do that, but there is still many open questions like whether the fly only pirates. the ties is japanese. beetles for such as at the anchor scope institute have made more progress. they're also looking for effective biological ways to combat the invasive insight, special fungus session promise, as a weapon. it's being intensively tested under quarantine conditions. the original plan was to inspect the novelty with the fungus i've seen here in time lapse footage in the research has tested what happened to lobby the winter in an experimental field. seated with the fungus. when spring came,

they monitored whether it has an impact on the japanese be told population. the fungus can decimate the pests close relatives, ladybugs, and june bugs. but the results with the japanese be told with disappointing the fungus have little effects on it. snobby, lots of them. yeah. fun classes. unfortunately, japanese diesel love am much more robust than native diesel. i like maybe bucks in gene gardner. ms. i spell it us. we found that the fund moves food we used just didn't have the effect we would have, like i said. so for now, the research focuses back on adult insects. scientists have sprayed leaves with fungal, spose, and put them in containers with beatles. they don't even have to eat. it's simple compact is enough. fungal, spose grow in the insect and kids in a few days. b. s for this or dot the tv. it's the 1st results we've seen from the

lab or very encourage you to get seen. that's the key for it and we solve it practically 100 percent of the beatles can be killed by these phone guy in just a few days that we have some kind of so we're feeling quite positive on this. i've seen vague, at least suppose that you've had of course, we're now looking at how we can build on this success and via how we can get the method out in the field, us and into practice. that's file ending the boxes you most. field trials already underway. it will still take some time however, before the 1st results are available. seats debatable whether the japanese be to can actually be kept out of northern europe forever. climate change models indicate large parts of the continent could soon offer the conditions it needs to thrice dinosaurs admitted their fair share of greenhouse gases. one theory even holds that that might have contributed to their demise. the animals we've domesticated also produced plenty of gases that are bad for the climate. livestock finding makes up

a significant portion of human induced emissions to change that we would need to cut down on the number of animals we raise for food or possibly make the ones we have less destructive. the researchers in new zealand are interested in the sheep because of their digestive gases. some will spend an hour today an experimental chambers at the inver cargo research farm. the method reveals which animals excel lots of the climate damage and gas me say, and which burnout less of it. scientist susanne rile, explains that 90 percent of greenhouse gas emissions come from an animal's mouth not at the rear end. so i'm taking a sample of a break in the volume of the and i'm using the gauge, how much more units of a compared to contemporaries. and i can use that to run individually because some animals in the heat,

slightly differently. and they give the others. so what we're looking for those low low emissions and those low emitters in bread with one another row has been pursuing the odor intensive program for 11 years after 3 generations for flock now and sales, 13 percent less, methane gas. then at the start of the experiment, meantime we can make a difference. we can make a difference quickly if we lower the amount of me sitting in the environment. we can very quickly have an impact was if we lower the amount of copy on something, the volume, and we're having a massive impact in the long term. the short term impact, we won't see you as much. so it's, it's a real opportunity for, for the launch stuff industry to make a really about an hour away from the research station is leon black's farm. he's a 4th generation cheap farmer. black is one of the 1st to put the scientists principles into practice. he breed sheet and have better brass,

11. but in the process you can't forget. the bottom line is animals still need to produce plenty of meat. and well, the high was always said if you had a more efficient room and i'm more so that put the units and the things like the home mode will make and that looks ready to tie. so we're selecting animals that utilize feed data dog, put out, be fine, and put more into the product. it's going to like the when, when such, when, when situations are urgently needed in news events, which is determined to become climate neutral by 2050 to its government has now investing millions in the development of new technologies for agriculture. like here at the palmerston north campus. new wedlock has been working for 15 years on another promising project, a vaccine against me thing,

gases in animals. one that would work in towels as well as cheap. so heavy work and for quite some but some time. but we're making good progress. we started showing that you can vaccinate animals and they can produce anti bodies against the masonic ends and the saliva. we've done some studies that show they produce enough anti bodies to see it basically, coat all of them. the silence into the room and but former prime minister just send the order and didn't want to wait for a new anti burp injection and decided to take on farmers to achieve climate goals per party wanted methane gas submitted by cows and sheep to drop by up to 47 percent by 2050. to push that agenda. farmers are supposed to pay an emissions tax starting in 2025. a world 1st. a proposal as it stands means these humans from is a seat to be the 1st in the world to reduce agricultural emissions, positioning, a biggest export market to the competitive advantage that brings in

a world increasingly discerning about the provenance of the stage. but not everyone is on board with a government's idea. there have been protests. many farmers fee or the extra costs will hit the countries agriculture industry to hard hits new zealand main export sector. that does sheep farmer, leon black. e 2 is angered by the government's plans and thinks the tax is unfair. even his clean turbo sheet and it too much to exempt him from it. many sheet farmers would have no choice but to reduce the size of their flocks and hurts. even though animal husbandry in new zealand is already among the most environmentally friendly in the world, i believe there's more going to be my, the way the 11th is that i know i think it's really unrealistic. for government decide 40 or 50 the same. it's just magic very, very disappointed if i like science, nope,

drapes. it is on the experimental form. the testing is over for the day scientist suzanne ro understands the farmer's concerns . but she also sees the potential in her super she and she believes that new zealand could become a global pioneer in the industry. we don't really know how far we can go. we, we know the in the, in, in these folks we're going very quickly. but if we apply that to our normal breathing floor, then we're seeing as one of 2 to 3 percent drugs per year. so we're seeing a considerable difference. and what has already worked for new zealand sheep is now to be tested in other domesticated species. next on the list, reading low and meeting cows

you'd never consume this intentionally, but we do it. unaware. studies have found we ingest around 5 grams of micro plastic every week. the equivalent by weight of a credit card. the super fine particles are now everywhere. in the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we micro, plastics are in the soil too. of course, and fertilizers add more all the time. but can they also migrate from there? into plants. visible retreat is all about food safety. one vice 0 doesn't get one, but if him we know that there is a loss of micro plastic in the soil in the environment is patricia. and in this project, we're investigating different uptake pathways, all from the, one of the mystery, the routes, and then into the leaves. if tiny plastic particles are in the water, all soil cons might of salt and to find out which back is going to influence uptake

. the researches here simulate processes in the lab using pock choice evenings. here for game will be a dumb novel to do so we bought nano and mike cray, plastic suspended, in most of the, in the pronouncement side, couldn't be to then later we can detect the policy closer to that on the distribution and the plants lie or died that's attached to the base costs. it goes to 50 for title indifference. so now lies under the microscope. the died microphone stakes lights up red as expected to pop choice ceilings of absolved particles through the roots offended. opt out, disaster absorption, these red dots or this reddish mirror is also found in the rest of the root. all that means it's not only absorbed somewhere and then sticks there, but it's also somehow being transported inside the plant and we don't know how that happens. yeah,

but the plastic finds ways from the route area to other areas of the plans in both supervisors and under pollution, defense, tomatoes, asparagus radishes, and older plans to expand and did with. so the phone, the 2 scientists have been able to detect plastic residues. but even root, this organisms are susceptible. a neighboring nevada tree house is the largest collection of snow g in the world. except for most files that i've picked out to that are a bit interesting from a food perspective. one is colorado and it's a single celled green algae sold in health food stores. so that's the reference to food. then there's field back to them, which is the diet tom that produces valuable omega 3 fatty acids. the o g o key to the research project. the problem and i thought we need a simple system to start out with on our experiments. i had a single cell. algae is easier to work with in

a complex plant or tree. obviously it's much easier to try many things out on such a relatively primitive system. it as long as there are some species of algae that seem to take up plastic very well and appear to have no problem with absorbed or micro plastic particles in terms of appearance and grows. we don't see any differences. and that's why the selected algy are pretty interesting because they're different species from different branches of the evolutionary tree. that's normally supervisor susanna. bowsman is using a mass spectrometer to investigate the precise effects of plastic particles uptake on organisms. the instruments analyzes the site, must have various molecular constituents if the micro caustics caused even the smallest anomalies. they can be detected home, esa and hutch filter. so we have the 1st indications that some compounds of president, tim, lower concentrations, others in higher concentrations,

shown on these include secondary plants, compound bix, which bounce normally produce to protect themselves from incomplete in so far, they help protect it from light or time by insects. us in the researches onto efficient e create particles like those that come from ty away the use of greenhouse plastics or garbage and the modem. well, there's no shortage. it still says from light plastics. no one wants caustic in the food, but how much home is consumption actually due to us human to progress versus in canada? and for me, i would love to be able to answer that question and i hope we can do so in the future. couldn't video things like that, but as of now we still can't assess the risk to the plant itself or to the consumers or animals that eat these pounds. crystal low finish option built. and the goal is to ensure no plastic ends up on our plates in the 1st place. in the

future, the research is going to work on ways to remove it from contaminated organisms. until then i would find it straightforward via russian. it would probably be best to avoid nano and mike cray, plastics not would have many positive side effects. so those people on the environment. but plastic use is on the right. as this, it's important tree consumption by food. clean drinking water is scarce in many places on earth. the drive to tap new sources has let us to drill ever deeper wells. in some places fall collection is an option. in others, energy intensive, diesel, a nation plants turn see water. fresh purification systems are elaborate and expensive to operate. but as all the water we consume have to be the same, high quality, for instance, does water use to irrigate, feels have to be as clean as the tap water. first bounce this field of feed, cool,

and looks much like any other thoughts. it's actually an irrigation experiment that could pioneer war 2, recycling methods in gemini and elsewhere. and it's treated wastewater is being used in agriculture as yet to an unknown practice for jim and thomas. but one that could soon be vital for the region south of funding. the soil here has become particularly dry in my god sky, and there was no significant rainfall in may again, more now already assuming 20 percent crop losses or most of may all the way up until the middle of june. so 6 weeks and all it was far too dry. nico, who it is pumps must have water, enables gross and stability, nutrient transport and photo synthesis. the last few days of june, at least 2 will some rain, but the pharma comp really easy. one of the around gets dry, gets hard. that means the long dry spell is still visible and he's coating plants

rates using the physical to back here you can see this plants rude system, but it's clear every too small is that in the lateral roads here should already be longer and penetrate deeper. and the teaser we keep talking, i think the soil is compact due to the dry spell continued this corn plant couldn't send roots deep enough to reach the water below. that's why it's much smaller yard . the reason explained that regular watering would be too expensive. well, ground water is a sketch results in the region, but there's plenty of readily available voltage nearby in the sewage plant next in eco root, as cornfield via um yup. we'll talk. we discharge up to 1100 cubic meters of treated gray water into the black else the river every day as well. that's water that's removed from the region. the natural waterside color as low as daily going into grey will say, is treated wastewater, but no said drinking quality. it's long. been used for irrigation in southern

europe, so nothing gemini back could soon change a new e. u regulation with uniform rules went into force at the end of june. all sewage treatment counts in the block that comply and now allowed to divert war to agriculture. the project here is the 1st in gemini lava, select the great will to constantly be sprayed onto the fields as it is because all the pathogens that are currently present in the population are also still pump. the reflected in the water treatment plant can get a little town, but not everything. and we don't want to spread these pathogens on to crops and farmland. in the future, however, just 2 sides of the plants grave over to will flow into the nearby with a web. gems is sufficiently diluted. the remainder will be pumped through especially installed u. v. system to your confidence possible. the great, well today for the treatment plans are right here,

so it passes through the you the reactive and then exits here, content on it. so i've heard of all the fields in this big, big no of the use, the light kills pathogens that the great will to, is still not completely purified. most knocked out with individual drug residues can be left days of the this infection because not all of them are affected by ultra vine at night. and we can still measure those in the field of to it's that 1st let the water flow. the trial area covers 12 hacked has in total old planted with feed cone. if you have asked me, then you have some time for the event will you're a gate? the 1st part is all it me. the 2nd field will receive less because we want to have a comparison to see how much water we need to get a good harvest yet. what's the and, and the last field is our reference on this. so it won't be irritated at all voltage that's, that's the threes, as we'll say, make it easier to compare pollutant levels because the new e u regulations require

a risk management plan several times a month. officials from the gym and environment agency come to take samples of gray water ground water pumps and soil hung in because i'm fixing the window, we analyze a total of between a $120.00 and a 140 parameters within the context of irrigation water, soil, and so onto the list is quite long if it ranges from household products and pharmaceuticals to pesticides. so it's not some sort smiting residue using greyboard to, as i looted significantly off to it's discharged into rivers, could regularly irrigating krupps with it caused them to build up in the soil. there's a test, this is the, the real question which was whether or not these trace substances accumulate in the soil over time in ways that could harm health or the environment shock and kind of with any stuff we don't know yet. it has. and we assume that the tests will have to be carried out a year for several years before we do know whether such an accumulation of

pollutants or like are in the soil or not to damage off to being harvested. the cooling will also be tested for contamination. so that'll take time, but it's quicker to assess how much irrigation helped clumps during the dry spell. niko fluid is such as find a city irrigated cohen root looks much healthier than it's none of your regulated counterparts. he'll eat, my name didn't contrast to the other on irrigated plant that has a much better ball of fine roots divided. the soil adheres to it, so the plant can optimally supply itself with water and nutrients are going with a risk management plan that he is to e u regulations. every sewage treatment counts could potentially die, but gray with us, the agriculture in gemini alone. the potential is huge. the countries, 10000 sewage treatment plans treat about 10000000 cubic meters of wasteful to pay. yeah. its, its research that could address a worldwide problem. that's it. for this week,

hope you enjoyed the show. see you again next time on tomorrow today. bye bye for now the . the

as you sky, to be issues with a lot say what crazy. the we are all set and we're watching closely. we all call a to bring use a story behind the news. we wrote about unbiased information all

3 months. done with evelyn charmaya. welcome to my pod cast matters that i invite celebrities influences and experts to talk about all plain loves, thanks and data. and yet, today, nothing less the south, all these things in more, in the new season of the pop. com, make sure to tune in wherever you get your thoughts costs, enjoying the conversation. because you know, it's love matters to imagine how many portions of loves us are now in the world. climate change. the story faces much less the way from just one week. how much was going to really get we still have time to act. i'm going

to like this, the

business dw, and use live from ballot francis to pull its forces out of need to be one of them that sees power and out to the elected president. while comes to a decision by the former colonial policy a, it's a step. well, some friends, also the program. i mean, he says many of 1000 refugees have crossed. it's florida from the dispute region of the go on a car box. or if he says new tools open a window of a to and it's a to diffuse.