a, a 30 minute d, w. these places in europe stepped into a bold adventure the treasure map for modern flow to describe it as some of us wriggled, begging sites on youtube. and also the talks in trouble and false thing. can all home all parties as can support and fullness, if you ever do it within the right. so this is the same sources of stress. can actually be a boost also, but learning how to cope with challenges help so body become more resilience good, good, good,

bad. and much more this week on tomorrow's today dw science program, the nicholas gwen blog is a molecular biologist and best selling popular science. all of these work led into a very big question. what are the positives of something that is in itself spot for us? if you have something that we humans created like a building or a call and watch, the more you use it, the more one down it gets and then the less functionality. so you can say that the cost ages as you use it, but you know, biological organisms are different because when we stress ourselves, when we use our bodies, we do get this damage. but then we can also repair or sales. so that means the damage then get turned into becoming stronger in the end, the scientific term is derived from the ancient greek floor, too excited. the leases basically how mesa

is string through adversity, getting stronger from stress and becoming more resilient as you actually damage yourself. and home is this a company's us throughout our entire lives beginning with the immune system in early childhood. these hospital incubators, a temporary home through extremely vulnerable babies. the technicians are checking the ventilation is nothing in only a minimal amount of particles to the premature baby bored. at the same time, this is not supposed to be a gym, free environment. shooting infants, some old like terrier is counter productive and cleaning the team. and these are basically in this phase, the immune system learns how to fight infectious agents from outside when and that

is the reason why we don't get sick. so often in our teens and in adulthood, approximately i've had no confidence on how does that look? the a nate immune system with bowman has a built in response protocol. it targets anything that identifies is a danger and only knows one way to fight. in contrast, the adaptive immune system relates required individually this custom trained, developing sophisticated defense mechanisms of the facing challenges in the shape of viruses. all bacteria. a whole nice effect. stress leading to great to resilience and excessively clean environment presents the risk of the immune system. basically, having nothing better to do instead of sites on our own body. among the potential consequences or allergies. the children play

outside and get dirty on the other hand, makes them tough and strengthens there. i mean, defenses that's according to the hygiene hypothesis. at least traditionally a popular premise among home uses researchers. these days, the theory is considered too simplistic, but the principle has not been refused. it makes less painful, dug around and a range of studies on the subject that side of the positive practice. they include experiments with toxic comp, tells that taking the moderation hudson. the astonishing effects when you read studies, for instance, taking wins and then feeding them, we'd kilo another person. and then you'll see that if you keep it at a low dose, these ones will actually live longer than the ones that have not been placed in that or a, or that's examples with radioactive radiation. while you take, for instance, mice and then you, you read them. and of course, if you have really, really and height, i radiation, they get cans and die. but if you have

a low level of activity live longer than the mice that has just been left alone on, how does this work? high doses of radiation, obviously body thing coach, the generation of free radicals through oxidation. they destroy cells and cause what's called oxidative stress. but in smaller doses, radiation can reverse that process. in this case, for a radical serve as an alert for the body to toughen up from that is whole mesa's and a fixed of this kind do appear to occur in humans. studies show the nicholas simmering ship yard workers hod longer than average life spends with similar findings among radiologists in britain. while the results of the subject of considerable debate, these are those effects do exist. the exact doses have yet to be determined. so

don't try this at home kids assessment book. what he would like to see is adding a little whole mrs to our everyday lives. peer to exercises good view. it might mean a bit of damage to the body due to oxidative stress. but again, in the right dosage, it makes a stronger plus, according to bind blog, the vegetarian dog can also have a home mixed this effect. a lot of edible plants, in fact, have a slightly toxic effect for us due to water soluble molecules. they contain cold police deals, they stimulate the gene, the directs defense mechanisms at the cellular level, consumed in the right dosage. they help to train or immune system. the

this only works however, if the city of the process is in our body or functioning properly. nicholas principal could like is the situation to a waste removal service. once defective molecules have been detected by the cell that enclosed in a bubble. and how scenario a garbage truck which then heads off to a kind of recycling yard inside the cell. and molecular waste is then taken apart with many of the constituent elements being reused. this process, a prerequisite full of nice effects is called on top of g funding. the right dosage, however, is far from straightforward. we can, the 1st thing we can learn from home is just that biology is extremely complex. it's not just as straightforward as if you're trying to fix a car or something like that when you're trying to do something on your body.

that's always all of these feedback loops. so if you try to move your body in this direction, it will push back into the other direction and you can see even if your damage yourself and well, then you get stronger. but sometimes also when we then try somebody else so stronger, we end up in making ourselves riga the in the end because of the systems as well. so we just learned that the body and just even a symbol when it's really, really complex. the, the bottom line, an unhealthy lifestyle isn't good for you. but now and again, a lot of us do like to, let's all head down unless l selves go, despite knowing that it can reduce our life expectancy. and around half of us have an additional contributing factor that they can do little about

that global life expectancy, cement is several years. joseph and so women and i, a cya, and his team in frankfort are among various researches he's been suspecting a certain culprit for many years. now. the y chromosome is the one that genetically makes a man. a mine is from us. i left you started to show us it is relatively clear from large scale studies as a y chromosome is indeed involved in a slightly lower life expectancy. and the man, the mental chromosomes store genetic information and our body cells. we have $23.00 pairs with one of them determining on gender. while women have 2 x chromosomes, men have an x and y. i suppose one was in fact the y chromosome is the smallest of all of our chromosomes and contains a need just over 50 genes, the x chromosome of 800. so it really is atanya chrome is i'm,

or quite was assume that it's sold purposes to determine gen directed to determine near on that were such as have now come to conclude that the y chromosome plays a major role in male health. the problem is not the chromosome itself, but it's low. over the years and decades, someone's y chromosome stops to deplete connection with errors and cell division. this affects what it calls the blood stem cells and the bone marrow that filled in new blood cells. some of them then no longer have a y chromosome. in the age of $45.00 or so around 5 percent of man have suffered y chromosome law. so it's a slight 60, that figure is between 20 and 25 percent and so on. and among men, age 70 plus 40 percent and cut y chromosome last photo specifics on chromosomes

over a lifetime. the last of the y chromosomes can lead to what scientists cool music jews, the patchwork of cells with different genetic compositions. this can have serious consequences that since i play on studies over the last 2 or 3 years have shown that menus last is why chromosome have a high likelihood of cardiovascular disease outside this diabetes. if it's under the classic geriatric disease, macular degeneration taken on, which is a gradual loss of vision, these plans, um, but the amount on the whole. so the question them, washington, how is this possible to become the assign the team and frank for us? examine blood samples from patients with heart issues and found cells with no y chromosomes fall more frequently. a. this is the, this is a healthy group, and this is the group with cardiac in sufficiency. and you can clearly see how y

chromosome last is far more common in the group with cardiac and sufficiency. another aspect, exclamation slacking, the y chromosomes on average, dice una from the heart condition. this is borne out and the survival statistics to patients with an artificial hospital research group in the us discovered the following. among life, blood cells with alpha y chromosome can trigger a sickening or scarring in the hot, cold fibrosis. this stiffens up the hot and compromises is capacity to pump. it's not yet clear whether these results can be applied to humans. the frankfurt team are observing a similar process and all cells. but there is still plenty of areas that have yet to be examined. including house account to the loss of the y chromosome.

dead side give just the only really 2 recommendations at the moment. we know that smoking accelerates the loss of the y chromosome london man, so we recommend that man quits indicate answers to the 2nd thing that seems to be emerging. how is that a physical activity on a regular basis? how's that protective affects the self important piece of the preventative action? definitely always help, which is why the research is aim is to gain a more precise understanding of the home full effects of y chromosome health. although even then it will be many years until effective medication has been developed. so for the time being, the gap in life expectancy between men and women is set to stay. on the other hand, men often get a better deal in life. they don't go through child. oh, have to go on the pills. this is only ever been available for women. but

that might change in the near future. the, at the university of minnesota, a research team headed by going to guild of discover a compound that would be suitable for making a non hormonal contraceptive pills from then the micro, we're really targeting a multitude of proteins. so i would say probably about 6, and then of course the, it's very in stages of development. and the one that is the furthest along is the project on richard in the wake assets receptor alpha. and so i guess we are at the stage where we have um, i guess the clinic. okay. i mean it's not candidate is called y c t

529. i'm was tested on my own mice. this compound is reducing spar. i'm counts. and the thoughts from montezuma and excite coal and the most is $35.00. that is true. and so that is the amount of times that you have to administer the walk to see if the effect 99 percent of the mice rented, instead of tile 6 weeks after being taken off the drug they were able to reproduce again. plus the side effects were minimal. the contraceptive has since been tested on other animals the company that license the compound, they also did a similar amazing studies with rats. and they also found that it was equally effective and, and also they did not see any side effects and then they actually also administer the talk to non human prime. it's basically it's a monkeys. and again,

it was effective and also totally reversible. following those promising developments, the compound is now being tested in human clinical trials. researches in germany are also working on alternative contraceptive solutions biochemist claim, and steve, born on his team at the university of 5 white. i've been conducting tests on mice and collaboration with american colleagues. the compound in this case is 2 d i 11861. it looks by inhibiting the enzyme soluble other little side place s a c plays an important role in activating spence and making them mo tile or able to swim. that means that and then that's a, this prevents them swimming rapidly as in the,

in an effect from moving forward. it also stops in maturing process, so it isn't necessary for this from the fumes with an egg. so the nightstand, if estimates the new compounds advantage, is that it can take effect within just 30 minutes. and as a 100 percent, success rate preventing specialization for around 2 and a half hours. 24 hours after the injection. the much is spend facility was restored before the by white researches move on to clinical studies. they want to make detailed improvements to t. d. i 11861, and produce optimize derivatives of the compound in the other compounds of more bio available, absorbs the effective the word i just did it more slowly and work longer here for our objective before starting clinical trials is to combine the features you know, supplementing and if the results from the animal trials are confirmed in clinical

studies with human subjects, non whole modal contraceptive pills cause mock another milestone in gender equality . we have soon, we'll finally see a fair share of responsibility between men and women. for all potential consequences of romantic and couch. let us read, why do you have this science question, then send it to us as a video, text or voice mail? if we answer it on me, i will send you a little surprise as that. thank you. this week's question comes from bosnia herzegovina specialist says, why is it that our teeth don't grow back? many people lease that teeth as they reach old age rodents like tempest isn't squirrels, have teeth that never stop growing. whereas over the course of their lives,

shocks produce ups of 40000 teeth whenever they lose one eye replacement 6 forward from behind. the case only on nails in hand keeps on growing. the only replacement for last year isn't all sufficient. want to understand why we have to look at our truth formation process or owed on to genesis, which begins in the loop. in week 6 of pregnancy, a milk t stopped to form. at this point, the fetus is just 8 millimeters loan. starting in the 3rd or 4th month, the body of what will be all permanent teeth, appear in a secondary dental lamina. and once we're born a milk teeth and dropped an average 8 months off the bus before floating else again between the ages of $6.00 and $9.00. the jo now have sufficient space for the

permanent teeth to break through. the imagines about wisdom teeth and the attitude is the final stage of ode unto genesis. looking at all, even nation humans have no need to adjust the set of teeth. but with people living to an increasingly higher age, are change, need to last longer to, and on dietary habits caused them to fall out prematurely. tooth decay, for example, is one of the most common health problems in the world today. so if that set of teeth would make a lot of sense for searches around the globe have spent years on the development of regenerative chief at violins, technical university, scientists managed to produce funds that couldn't ferry springs new teeth. so the meantime, those will have to make do with oh, school solutions. the

people with alzheimer's disease become increasingly forgetful and experience problems with orientation and speaking to most patients and their families. the conditions progression is a painful and distressing ordeal. many patients require support with otherwise routine tasks out time is, is the most common form of dementia and remains and incurable brain disorder, the medication available to date, to know me in the v 8 the symptoms, but not put in into the new compounds all. however, in development, in may 2023, an american pharmaceuticals company published a provisional findings from a study on is outside the antibody. non them up, the 47 percent of patients treated

with a new compound remain stable on 40 percent. so let's decline in their ability to carry out today the tasks the cabinet soon. there was an improvement in cognition. and that's one of the crucial differences between the anti bodies used in the past and before going to have access to the drug research a 100. so it was, they didn't move out of hand in the development of a similar auntie party therapy many years ago. but the compounds deployed to data had only a limited effect. the windows sheets, folks who do not know the difference is that the minimum oper moves in a central super toxic peptide upload on this particular record source of crystallization. and plaque formation. so crystal is up to an on so plaque food and field of want existing antibody medication like that kind of does break down the blocks and the brain but does not deliver an improvement to patients mental well being today,

scientists know that they've talked deposits on not the only factor in the onset of outside this is a force to them. what we sometimes call the milk made idea has been that flex damage the neuron. somebody move to, to a degree to oxidative on this concept. what device month today, or we know that the link them up peptides. these are gonna clumps of toxic peptides that are free christmas to the plaque deposits. play a very big part in disrupting the nervous system. from this now is this tensor from the study in the us launched in the 1980s provided early indications that not only plucks were to blame it, examined around 600 nuns age between 76 and a 107. at that time of day one, conspicuous finding it was that the intellectual faculties had evidently not been compromised despite the out some of flux. even nuns, with a large number of clocks in that range,

was still able to perform mentally challenging tasks right up until that tossing didn't understood in who's on the we were fascinated by the non study back the end of this was it prompted a lot of scientists to ask themselves with their blacks where the central element in the triggering of the disease. ready of the men to us is on whether it was parts of the plaque that were playing a decisive role. next, the, the previous dispute drugs developed to date things to support patients memory capacity. but the results were of limited effect until the development of an antibody treatment, touching particular components of the flux might to none of them off. now mean a breakthrough into teen point is scientific direct to other german assignments of research. association cheese, wherever you have premature celebrations, causes the patient after 9 am i, but it's still not a game changer. a cons actually still the disease or symptoms. i'll give them to me

in the shop and come, is a kind of best delay. the progression of the disease, but whether this will be tangible to patients is questionable in the dark, the even that would be cause for hope for a lot of patients and their loved ones. even given the side effects. then the brain swimming was detected in 24 percent of cases. and so if you want to send in both micro hemorrhaging and the vast majority of cases, the side effects what a some domestic. but 1.6 percent of cases involve severe side effects. and that would even 3 depths related to side effects. phillips or one from even, even though it's hard to say was it, the new anti body will lead to a to a some research as believes just as the disease itself progresses very gradually, the new antibody might need quite some time for its healing effect to fully develop

so use of clinical trials will be required before a fair assessment can be made that for from this edition of tomorrow today dw science show. thanks for watching and see you next time the, [000:00:00;00]

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i believe our futures in our past. how significant other beginning of the done as a series of the great philosophers to all present and future enlightenment says progresses in our hands and that news. so it's really, it's up to us, our series project, enlightenment starts october 5th on dw, the . this is dw news, and these are our top stories. the kurdish separatists, p k. k groups, as it carried out, a suicide bombing in the tech is capital anchor. with already saved the attack, a designated a device at the gates of the interior ministry close to parliament. a 2nd attacker was killed in a gun battle with police. stuckey has carried out as strikes on p k. k targets in

northern iraq in retaliation. us president joe biden says