the researches and scientists all over the world for in a race against time. they are peers and arrivals with one daring goals to help smart nature. the more likes watching it on youtube, dw documentary, the talks in trouble and false thing, can all home all parties as can support and fullness. if you ever do it within the right. so this is the same sources of stress can actually be obsessed also, but learning how to cope with challenges, help sell body become more resilient the the good, the bad and much more this week on tomorrow's today dw science program,

the nicholas gwen blog is a molecular biologist and best selling populace science all of his work led into a very big question. what are the positives of something that isn't itself spot for us? if you have something that we humans created like a building or a call and watch, the more you use it, the more one down it gets and then the less functionality. so you can say that the car ages as you use it, but you know, biological organisms are different because when we stress ourselves, when we use our bodies, we do get this damage. but then we can also repair or so. so that means the damage then get turned into becoming stronger in the end, the scientific term is derived from the ancient greek full to excite. i mean,

basically how mesa is string through adversity, getting stronger from stress and becoming more resilient as you actually damage yourself. and home is this a company's us throughout our entire lives, beginning with the immune system early childhood. these hospital incubators, a temporary home for extremely vulnerable babies. the technicians are checking the ventilation, is nothing in only a minimal amount of particles to the premature baby. bored at the same time, this is not supposed to be a gym, free environment, shooting infant, some old like tyria is counter productive and cleaning them down to st. louis team . you know, these are basically in this phase the immune system learns how to fight infectious agents from outside when. ringback and that is the reason why we don't get sick. so

often in our teens and in adulthood, approximately i've had no confidence on how does that look? the a nate immune system went. bowman has a built in response protocol. it targets anything that identifies as a danger and only knows one way to fight. in contrast, the adaptive immune system to relate to require individually is custom trained, developing sophisticated defense mechanisms of the facing challenges in the shape of viruses. all bacteria. a whole nice effect. stress leading to great to resilience and excessively clean environment presents the risk of the immune system. basically, having nothing better to do. instead its sides on our own body. among the potential consequences or allergies. the children play

outside and get dirty on the other hand. makes them tough. on strengthens there. i mean defenses. thoughts? according to the hygiene hypothesis, at least traditionally a popular premise among home uses researchers. these days to theory is considered too simplistic, but the principle has not been refused. it makes less painful, dug around and a range of studies on the subject that side of the positive factors include experiments with toxic comp tells that taking the moderation hudson. the astonishing effects when you restart is for instance, taking whims and then feeding them. we've kilo another pricing and then you'll see that if you keep it at a low dose, these ones will actually live longer than the ones that have not been placed on that or a or that's examples with radioactive radiation while you take, for instance, mice and then you, you ready aids them. and of course, if you have really, really and height, i radiation, they get kinds and die. but if you have

a low level of activity live longer than the mice that has just been left alone on . how does this work? high doses of radiation, obviously by thing coach, the generation of free radicals through oxidation. they destroy cells and cause what's called oxidative stress. but in smaller doses, radiation can reverse that process. in this case, free radical service, and a look for the body to toughen up from that is home basis and effect of this kind do appear to occur in humans. studies show the nicholas simmering shipyard workers hod longer than average lives spends with some of the findings among radiologists in britain. while the results of the subject of considerable debate, these are both effects, do exist, the exact doses have yet to be determined. so don't try this at home kids

assessment book. what he would like to see is adding a little home uses to our everyday lives. peer to exercises good view. it might mean a bit of damage to the body due to oxidative stress. but again, in the right dosage it makes it stronger. plus, according to bind blog, the vegetarian diet can also have a whole mixed this effect. a lot of edible plants, in fact, have a slightly toxic effect for us due to water soluble molecules. they contain cold police deals, they stimulate the gene, the directs defense mechanisms at the cellular level, consumed in the right dosage. they help to train or immune system. the

this only works however, if the city of the process is in our body or functioning properly. nicholas principal could like is the situation to a waste removal service. once defective molecules have been detected by the cell that enclosed in a bubble. and how scenario a garbage truck which then heads off to a kind of recycling yard inside the cell. and molecular waste is then taken apart with many of the constituent elements being reused. this process a pre requisite for her niece. this effect is called on top of g funding the right dosage. however, it's far from straightforward. we can the 1st thing we can learn from home. this is just that biology is extremely complex. it's not just as straightforward as if you're trying to fix a car or something like that when you're trying to do something on your body.

that's always all of these feedback loops. so if you try to move your body in this direction, it will push back into the other direction and you can see even if you're damage yourself and well, then you're getting stronger. but sometimes also when we then try somebody go so stronger, we end up in making ourselves riga the in the end because of the systems as well. so we just learned that the body and just even the symbol when it's really, really complex. the, the bottom line, an unhealthy lifestyle isn't good for you. but now and again, a lot of us do like to let to all head down unless l selves go, despite knowing that it can reduce our life expectancy. and around half of us have an additional contributing factor that they can do little about the account. now that global life expectancy,

cement is several years, joseph and so women and the highest i and his team in frankfort are among various researches he's being suspecting a 2nd culprit for many years. now. the y chromosome is the one that genetically makes a man a man struggles that story please us. it is relatively clear from large scale studies as a y chromosome is indeed involved in this slightly lower life expectancy among men . the men of chromosomes, store genetic information and our body cells. we have $23.00 pairs with one of them determining on gender. while women have 2 x chromosomes, men have an x and y. i suppose one was in fact the y chromosome is the smallest of all of our chromosomes and contains on the just over 50 genes, the x chromosome of 800. so it really is atanya chrome is i'm

a quite was assume that it's sold purposes to determine gen directed to determine me and that was such as have now come to conclude that the y chromosome plays a major role in male health. the problem is not the chromosome itself, but it's low. over the years and decades, someone's y chromosome stops to deplete in connection with errors and cell division . this effects would have caused the blood stem cells in the bone marrow that failed new blood cells. some of them no longer have a y chromosome. in the age of 45 or so around 5 percent of man have suffered y chromosome last 6 by 60 . that figure is between 20 and 25 percent and so on. and among men age 70 plus 40 percent, and todd y chromosome last and photo specifics on chromosomes over

a lifetime. lots of the y chromosomes can lead to what scientists call mosaic jews, the patchwork of cells with different genetic compositions. this can have serious consequences. and then let's, since i play on studies over the last 2 or 3 years, have shown that menus, lots of this y chromosome will have a higher likelihood of cardiovascular disease. or if we go outside this diabetes, if it's on the classic geriatric disease, macular degeneration taking over, which is a gradual loss of vision. these plans, um, but they're not on the whole. so the question them, washington, how is this possible to become the assign the team and frank for us, examine blood samples from patients with heart issues and found cells with no y chromosomes fall more frequently. and this is the, this is the healthy group, and this is the group with cardiac, in sufficiency. and you can clearly see how y chromosome last is far more common in

the group with cardiac and sufficiency. another aspect is the patient's lacking, the y chromosomes on average dice una from the heart condition. this is borne out and the survival statistics to patients with an artificial hospital research group in the us discovered the following. among life, blood cells with alpha y chromosome can trigger a sickening or scarring in the hot, cold fibrosis. this stiffens up the hot, and compromises is capacity to pump. it's not yet clear whether these results can be applied to humans. the frankfurt team are observing a similar process and all cells, but there is still plenty of areas that have yet to be examined, including house account to the loss of the y chromosome. depth

side give just the only really 2 recommendations at the moment. we know that smoking accelerates the loss of the y chromosome london man, so we recommend that men quits indicate answers to the 2nd thing that seems to be imaging. how is that a physical activity on a regular basis has a protective effect? that's, that's of important key some effect on the preventative action doesn't always help, which is why the research is aim is to gain a more precise understanding of the home full effects of y chromosome. last, although even then it will be many years until effective medication has been developed. so for the time being, the gap in life expectancy between men and women is set to stay. on the other hand, men often get a better deal in life. they don't go through child the full have to go on the pills

. this is only ever been available for women that, that might change in the near future. the, at the university of minnesota, a research team headed by going to guild of discover a compound that would be suitable for making a known, hormonal contraceptive pills for men and micro. we're merely targeting a multitude of proteins. i would say probably about 6. and of course the, it's very in stages of development and the one that is the, for as long as the project on a rated in the wake assets receptor alpha. so i guess we are at the stage where we have, um, i guess the clinic, okay. i mean, it's not candidate is called y c t 5 to 9. i'm was tested

on my own mice. this compound is reducing spar. i'm counts and the thoughts from montezuma and excite coal and the mouse is 35. that is true. and so that is the amount of times that you have to administer the walk to see if the effect 99 percent of the mice rented, instead of tile 6 weeks after being taken off the drug they were able to reproduce again. plus the side effects were minimal. the contraceptive has since been tested on other animals the company that license the compound, they also did a similar amazing studies with rats. and they also found that it was equally effective. and also they did not see any side effects and then they actually also administer the talk to non human prime. it's basically it's a monkeys. and again,

the most effective and also totally reversible. following those promising developments, the compound is now being tested in human clinical trials. researches in germany are also working on alternative contraceptive solutions biochemist claim. and steve, born on his team at the university of baya, white, up and conducting tests on mice and collaboration with american colleagues. the compound in this case is 2 d i 11861. it looks by inhibiting the enzyme soluble on the little side place s a c plays an important role in activating spence and making the mo tile or able to swim. that means that and then that's it is prevents some swimming rapidly as in

the, in an effect from moving forward. and it also stops the maturing process. so it isn't necessary for this to him, the fumes with an egg. so he's midnight's, end up estimates the new compounds advantage is that it can take effect within just 30 minutes. and as a 100 percent, success rate preventing fertilize ation for around 2 and a half hours. 24 hours after the injection. the much is spend facility was restored before the biology researches move on to clinical studies. they want to make detailed improvements to t d. i 11861, and produce optimize derivatives of the compound in the and the other compounds a more bio available absorbed, effective the word i just did it more slowly and work longer here for our objective before starting clinical trials is to combine the features and also committing and

if the results from the animal trials are confirmed in clinical studies with human subjects, non homeowner contraceptive pills cause mock another milestone in gender equality. this way, perhaps soon we'll finally see a fair share of responsibility between men and women. for all potential consequences of romantic and couch. let us read. why do you have this science question, then send it to us as a video text or voice mail? if we answer it on me, i will send you a little surprise as that. thank you. this week's question comes from bosnia herzegovina specialist says, why is it that our teeth don't grow back from many people lisa teeth as they reach old age road route. slight tempest isn't squirrels, have teeth that never stop growing. whereas over the course of their lives,

chunks produce ups of 40000 teeth whenever they lose one eye replacement 6 forward from behind, the case only on nails in hand, keep on growing. the only replacement for loss tooth is sufficient. want to understand why we have to look at our tooth formation process or owed on to genesis, which begins in week 6 of pregnancy, a milk t stone to form. at this point, the fetus is just 8 millimeters long. starting in the 3rd or 4th month, the butts of what will be all permanent teeth, appear in a secondary dent. lemme now and once with bone, a milk teeth and wrapped in an average 8 months off the bus before floating else again between the ages of $6.00 and $9.00. the june now has sufficient space for

the permanent teeth to break through. the imagines about wisdom teeth and the attitude is the final stage of ode unto genesis. looking at all, even lucian humans have no need to adjust the set of teeth. but with people living to an increasingly higher age are to me to last longer to. and on dietary habits caused them to fall out prematurely tooth decay, for example, is one of the most common health problems in the world today. so a 3rd set of teeth would make a lot of sense for searches around the globe have spent years on the development of regenerative chief at violins. technical university. scientists managed to produce funds that couldn't ferry scrap you teeth. so that means i know we'll have to make do with oh, school solutions. the

people with alzheimer's disease become increasingly forgetful and experience problems with orientation and speaking the most patients and their families. the conditions progression is a painful and distressing ordeal. many patients require support with otherwise routine tasks out time is the most common form of dementia and remains and incurable brain disorder, the medication available to date, to know me and the v 8 the symptoms, but not put in into the new compounds all. however, in development, in may 2023, an american pharmaceuticals company published a provisional findings from a study on as outside the antibodies to non them up. the 47 percent of patients treated with

a new compound remain stable on 40 percent. so less decline in their ability to carry out today the tasks the cabinet. so there wasn't improvement in cognition. and that's one of the crucial differences between the anti bodies used in the past and before going to have access to the drug research a 100. so it was, they didn't move out of hand in the development of a similar auntie party therapy many years ago. but the compounds deployed to data had only a limited effect, the windows sheets for those who do not know the difference is that the minimum oper moves in a central super toxic peptide upload on this particular course source of crystallization and plaque formation. so crystal is up to an on so collected on field of what existing antibody medication likely kind of does break down the blocks and the brain, but does not deliver an improvement to patients mental well being. today,

scientists know that the plug deposits are not the only factor in the onset of outside. this is a force to them. what we sometimes call the milk made idea has been that flex damage the neuron. somebody move to, to a degree to pop, to one is perfect or device month today, or we know that the link them up peptides. these are gonna clumps of toxic peptides that are free christmas to the plaque deposits. play a very big part in disrupting the nervous system unless i'm just now if it's a sensor from a study in the us launched in the 1980s provided early indications that not only plucks were to blame it, examined around 600 nuns age between 76 and a 107 at that time of day one, conspicuous finding it was it the intellectual faculties had evidently not been compromised. despite the out some of clarks, even nuns with a large number of plucks and their brains was still able to perform mentally

challenging tasks right up until that passing didn't understood in who's on the we were fascinated by the non study back. the end of this was, it prompted a lot of scientists to ask themselves with their blacks where the central element in the triggering of the disease. ringback meant to us losing or whether it was parts of the plaque and look at that were playing a decisive role. the the, these conditional dispute drugs developed to date things to support patients memory capacity. but the results were of limited effect until the development of an antibody treatment tucked in particular components of the flux. mind to none of them off. now mean a breakthrough into teen point is scientific direct to other german outside of the research association, cheese, wherever you have premature celebrations, you've been talking to a patient after 9 am a. it's still not a game changer. a cons actually still the disease or symptoms. i'll give them to me

in the shop and come is a kind of best delay the progression of the disease. but whether this will be tangible to patients is questionable in the dark, the even that would be cause the hope for a lot of patients and their loved ones. even given the side effects in the brain swimming was detected in 24 percent of cases. and the c one to send in both micro hemorrhaging point and the vast majority of cases, the side effects, what a some domestic. but 1.6 percent of cases involve severe side effects. and that way even 3 depths related to side effects. phillips or one from even even the comments it's hard to say was it, the new anti body will lead to the q a how some research has believes. just as the disease itself progresses very gradually, the new antibody might need quite some time for its healing effect to fully develop

. so use of clinical trials will be required before a fair assessment can be made. that for from this edition of tomorrow today dw science showed thanks for watching and see you next time the the

river is an ocean smart shopping on plastic waste. the refuse gets into the water in many ways and causes catastrophic damage. how can we protect these important tabitha? the 3 experiments in europe show a possible solution. turning the tide on marine plastic.

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and use africa every friday on the w. the change can be viewed as the actual conclusion of the like, the time to change the age of enlightenment could 300 year old ideas be responsible for today's problem. and could they help us solve them? i believe our futures in our past. the americans of the beginning of mcdonough, the series of the great philosophers, to our present and future. the enlightenment says, progresses in our hands, and that means somebody's regress is up to the house series project and task services on dw

the . this is dw news line from goods in the european union proposed as 5000000000 euros. thank you. christ, deluxe foreign policy chief, met with foreign ministers of member states, and keep for discussions about the next round of funding to support you crime, and it's more against roches inpatient also on the program with gang violence spiraling out of control. and heidi expects a warning of a security and human rights cross. now the united nation provides the same dna,

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