a and an arabic, so i got this a long time ago. freedom has been, has always been like the guiding lights for me. this is the one thing that i can not to be a tolerance with for decides whether you are free or not. you only you, that's you up to you to decide how many people are not free, but they do not realize that you need awareness. we are born with a huge, you know, bad cuz our name, our nationality, our religion, even the political views of our parents. and so many other things. and many people living their lives without deciding whether this, that they have inherited works for them or not. the self determination is the key to freedom and for people like to mana,

it's not something that just happens. but something that requires a conscious decision. anyone who makes that decision over and over again probably has more freedom than the powerful and privileged to because they never had to fight for their freedom the tonight and be rude. i ended up at a concert by the rapper da far once again. the topic is politics and the abuse of power 11 on art is the safety valve. that's probably keeping society from exploding . the,

the, who's the, what's the purpose about is the truth. the artist is on the 7th of a political party or an ideology or a religion and a free, a free person is often very alarming to people who want to control after settling in paris alone to discover the she associated with actors. and writers began to rod plays on early play was difficult home tuesday or position, or phone or shame. another was accepted, but then boy crosses by the actors of the comedy fall sense, 1784. and so more in me as a loved took on the inhumanity of slavery, the oppression of women and the evils of racism and colonialism. and 1799 over 5

version was finally performed on stage and was greeted with venom. an outrage. replying to one of the detractors balloons said, there are thousands of men like you to take centuries to produce a woman like me. shortly after i returned from 11 on my travels came to an abrupt and one country after another went into locked down. the corona virus shut down the entire world. what an irony for a feeling about freedom. the something i never would have imagined became our new reality. within just a few weeks. basic rights like the freedom of movement or severely curtailed the, to many people are democracies seem to weak and helpless. some felt that governments were doing too little to protect our citizens and were too slow and

chaotic and their response. others felt they were being robbed of their civil liberties. depend demik showed us how fragile our freedoms and liberties can be. so do we need to take a leaf out of the bulk of enlightenment and explore new alternatives? take a leap into the unknown, the doors. how often should i water them every other day. please don't know cove and our thoughts or what just solely on the water. these are no. i'll get the other ones from the balcony. the organs are all labeled. please don't forget to they'll die. so this is where our family's money ends up. right there. we shall now

still have the plan phase before democracy. that doesn't mean we're sure to switch the phase to some, some, some sort of time and model. and we should all be satisfied with what we have. there might be something better turned on by has taught at new york university and was a fellow at harvard. he studies ethical questions and public life. and right now he's a professor of philosophy in shanghai. i grew up believing that democracy was the best of all possible worlds. i wish i could have spoken with tongue done by in person about his concept of social utopia, a confusion alternative to the liberal democratic order. but because of the pen demik had to join in by video call becoming less than the phone and all the people of enlightenment is self garvin is in that will be wonderful, but a lot of people just aren't all able to govern themselves. well,

then maybe we should take some off their off our take away from them and give them give the power to those who are more responsible and i'm more confident. that's a fundamental confusion. believe i want to have a society where people are, are whereas equal economically to achieve that, if you need to arrange for there is some form of inequality, we still preserve some form. i qualify with community, but then, so you call them the days we. so we select difficult the best and brightest and give them more power in plato, decision making process, their higher status comb to be justified. if the poor people come benefit from their carbon a has the world become too complex?

10 are liberal democracies respond adequately to enormous challenges like climate change or the cobra 19 pandemic is turned on by correct that his confusion hybrid system is better suited to dealing with such challenges. challenges that involve science and complex social and economic conditions. is it possible that experts might have better solutions to such problems? just like the futures that enlightenment thinkers at the 18th century imagined in their writing, tongue buys new confucianism remains in the realm of your theory, which he enjoys debating with a student either frequently. oh, he does have a shot center too. so what do you think about freedom unenlightened meant? how do they relate to each other? on a basic level, the enlightenment can be understood as the acknowledgment of human autonomy or a relatively radical form of self knowledge storage. that way, when i again my studies, i felt i wanted freedom. you the show,

they totally realized. so it wasn't that much easier if you do whatever you want, you might break the little and deprive other doing what they want. if i hit you, are you allowed to hit me to mean i'm not the have to be limit. so there's no kind of how exactly send it caught it and that's where there are 2 kinds of freedom that you don't to use. active freedom or the freedom to do something and passive freedom or freedom from it. so she was usually, we mean the freedom to do your own thing. but in politics we tend to mean it's freedom from something being free of something we don't want the, i didn't expect such a free thinking and philosophical discussion in china, being a critical thinker can be dangerous. thousands of journalists, artists, and human rights activists have been imprisoned because they're a thorn and the i have the regime. these are some of the nation. as of the chinese model, kathy regarded as an enlightenment model because it radically constrains and prohibits

self determination. the end of autonomy, height, and individual freedom. i'm saying to me to this, i think when i have a impressive societies, people have a chance to say what they want of what they want the liberty of reason of what they don't want is tyranny, unreason. so. so it may be that in spite of all the faults of the enlightenment on, it's our goods, if you like, at its own bigotries it. but underneath that, there are these values which are very important to us, something very close to universe for long degrees. the 1st use of the resolution or intoxicating friends to gain the constitution, an assembly and freedom of to the fish. wines marched on the palace, cooling out for 5 feast smart power stops and forcing the king to return to paris. she remained committed to republican ideals. when louie,

this 16th was put on trial and resolution with the attempt to get into a risk terror, she was dismayed. scuffles and executioners of these 10 the results of the revolution that should have served as a model for the universe. she opposed to shuck of all spraying of tara open the attack ro disappear, and murat and cold for a referendum on the phone with the new government. friends, she and sisters should decide but wish to be a republican, a federation, or a constitutional monarchy in 1793. when she went to the pond, son michelle to begin posting her latest pamphlets, she was arrested. she was brought before the revolutionary tribunal and sentenced to death the when it comes to the 2nd half of the 2nd decade of the 20. ready century i am not particularly contempt. this of the last few years of seeing that the rise of authoritarian populace and nationalism became in many parts of the world. and in

many ways that is a counter and like scholar tries to post. yeah. yes, but it's a for your loan over society is very divided on yes. is that something federal one side supports the current for me, the me aspect of the constitution and the courts mean i'm nothing to them. symmetric. yes, the little got changed. the other side places a great importance on freedom, boss, justice, and the distribution of towers. well joe, was it muffled? government, 1000 as a mattress. in the 19 ninety's, when i was a child, it seems like democracy and freedom went hand in hand. if only but now the liberal western world seems like it's falling apart, right before our eyes. i'm on my way to poland. a place where we are watching a country and do it's hard one freedoms. bit by bit. poland was the 1st country in the former eastern bloc. that back in the 1980s

fought for co determination and freedom. nearly $10000000.00 people were part of the soley dar, nauseous labor movement. they demanded independence, freedom of the press and hiring on the basis of competence rather than party loyalty. certainly that i most invited to, i hope you had it for all the solely dot and those to move from that spot for better living conditions for the workers and also funk for independence of the court. all of the new gym also the daughter know she had thought to allow people to joined independent labor unions of all the volumes. most of the word freedom was on all their banners solely the most g e. we have the solidarity movement to think for the fact that the call for bread and freedom became a reality. that was the use of on that. james, he started that not what followed was the collapse of socialism free elections entry into the you. economic revival. liberalism had one across the board

and now 30 years later, a nationalist conservative government is turning back the clock, reinstating the church, tradition and traditional gender roles. even the separation of powers. one of the pillars of democracy is being called into question. how is it possible that the liberal democracy that the poll spots so hard for no longer appeals to half the country's population? the enlightened makes of but the bed is it is possible that human beings don't know how to define themselves. it is possible that if you give them a lot of freedom, they will be disoriented. they will be lost. but we should take that, but with human beings, because living with freedom gives us much more dignity than not maybe poland is losing this, but freedom demands

a lot of us. it asks us to constantly questionnaire values and norms. the clear people who don't conform to traditional ideas of the family and the sexes are an easy target. including for the catholic church, which has chosen to join forces with the national and conservative peace government . the church in poland is all too happy to whip up controversy. the dear bishop, your president, the blood of the victims of violence against squares is on your hands. we just want to be free to love to be ourselves. that's all monique it to she and her organization londo should, should seen, are fighting for the rights of l. g. p t q i plus people. they go to all the pride events in poland to help support the country's queer community. ready monica faces up to 11 years in prison for her political activism and opposition to opponents

anti abortion law. because i was just high person. i just wanted to see shocking to, to, and see the power of hates for that. we need to say how much we all a to answer the dresser. oh, going from when our freedoms are curtailed, it happens slowly to step by step. okay? so what is it starts when certain people are marginalized and excluded? how you go spend 2020 local authorities and pull instead of l g b t free zone, osmond with the aim of excluding people. don't staff involved in the us? what starts with words ends with the international of suicide puncture. not true. this place is called sony directly square after the movement, which lets to the end of the planetarium system in poland and eighty's. the place

where the tragic events of december, $9070.00 started. when workers protests against government, and 16 people lost their lives. and this is also the place where we organize most of our demonstrations and practice and also we started them finished our 1st prize during the time. so done, rush, the pope. yeah. to pull the 2nd. who was the punishment? yeah, said the freedom is not given. must be taken in a fight. yes. foot for oh that's right. is without freedom. uh there was no value when law and justice party peace. but they came to paula. i realized that it's no longer time for fun. it's time for defense, human rights, and it's very a ronnie from the history that we are repeating the same mistakes of

to for, to years. this countries can guy and the low piece of all the worse. what parts of the change in a piece a they were part of solidarity movement. my father and i was of the on the phone just as the the why is that the, the form to fill it out to the people shifted to the other side. but i can tell from the example of my parents, i think they were really believing that they fight for freedom. uh, but to for them freedom was the to, for example, the catholics are now to, let's say, class to be citizens. maybe they want them to change. that's not, that's profound change. via having this m z, the liberal project, which was in essence correct. and it's aim there was inactive very quickly and

radically via happened in liberal relation to great and emphasis on the economic dimension of liberal exactly the means you does have to, i know, will succeeds on that, that ended up leading to a massive crisis. and the recession to todd ones that are good, very strong. in addition, a large part of our society feels that it's being ignored with so bad that it's not respected. and these tests that got their dignity is under threat iphones issue and you know, the tough. so in light, i'm going to the 21st century has to take into account 2 things. one is the power of capitalism. and it's, it's a sinister ability to turn even good things and turn us, of course, into commodities. and secondly, the unleashing of technological power that in various ways has the power to harm us and harm the earth. the things

id many in poland. few also has to do with the capitalist juggernaut that followed the collapse of the eastern block. these 2 things, capitalism and technological progress are fueling each other worldwide from silicon valley to beijing. the digitalization is transforming our society and life at a breathtaking pace. algorithms make life comfortable and convenient for consumers, while others pay the price. in beijing, drunk pay is struggling to keep up with the demands that the algorithm used by his employer. a food delivery service for a while. so long as you want to make a lot of deliveries quickly, you need to know where the restaurants are and know the best routes. do you need to know if you're allowed to access the apartment building and work about 10 hours

a day? the busy season, i get 60 to 70 orders a day. so now the off season, it's about 50 times when i have to deliver 11 or 13 orders at once, i have only an hour to make all those deliveries. i'd really rather be there for want the really want to capitalism as broad as has nothing to do with freedom but with desire. when you want something that creates street and now you're no longer content with the bottom of freedom, but the yeah. digital capitalism likes to adopt the mantle of freedom or freedom to make the optimal choice, among millions of products it wants to diagnose and predict our wants and desires. to gian is a software developer. he and his wife, cat, who founded the dimensions start up in shanghai. it's

a david versus goliath operation. their main competition, our tech giants, such as facebook 10 cent in amazon, which stick to transform us, send our data into commodities. tight powered permit. this is the capital list. so. so if you're a man of the cyber age and then to help me understand weird at the very top, you have the we are the one percent sure pages to solve on told, cut down here are the people who are exploited by sub contractors or the monopolistic capitalist, now the amazon careers and careers for the various restaurants for one of my the thing is i'll go the whole vocal, including even the programmer who is now sitting among them with the receding hairline, who's over 35 different adapt. it's the same all over the world in china and the united states. digital capitalism is just more advanced. there's no freedom here can father. when you look at this picture, you start to think about how this situation could be changed to the show. and there was how can we improve the wellbeing of all classes you quit on?

what could we do to ensure these people can enjoy the freedom that they deserve. so much hang on to say what a tiny neighborhood feel. sushi and his wife kat are members of the open source movement, which advocates the free exchange of software and information. they've designed an application that aims to force companies to comply with local labor laws. the anti 996 movement they helped co found wants to improve work conditions in the tech industry. totally over to the 996 is a particular work schedule. it means that you work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week. that's 12 times 6 hours per week. it's her right here on your attention last year in 2019 a program or made an anonymous online post saying he was in the i c u, the intensive care unit. oh, i see ocean they go. you gotta do that. if he said he was dying and we'll shut off for our labor laws, prohibit working more than 11 hours

a day happen for that. but there are all sorts of ways to circumvent those reels. a little bit about you to wait for example, you might get more money to agree to longer. our ok. and in fact, most of the chinese internet companies operate like this is of, in the, to the service which was down and it's going to capitalism, crated for us, an iron cage. capitalism makes us, for example, much more discipline than ever before. and this discipline, for example, in the workplace, is a, is a way for us to limit and constrain our freedom. what do you think there's more, it's all, i think freedom is right. a human right? or right we humans are born with. like there's a feeling that dignity and freedom are your birthright or anything. so if you have

the right to self defense to the protection of private property as to personal freedom, then you also have those rights in the digital world in the, you know, pathfinder, that if you can't protect your data on your facebook account and protect your digital currency, your cards and assets and your games, and then you won't be able to protect your own soul and sense of freedom either. so each, the, in the 21st century, freedom can involve everything from the vastness of the digital round to our most simple wants and needs. so where do we set our priorities? and what price are we prepared to pay the

i'm in paris, the city where a lump the goose lived and thought she was a woman ahead of her time prepared to risk her life for the idea of freedom and d quality. and so why is it that history seems to have forgotten her? why does she get hardly a mention in the text books we read at school? why is there no monument at her grace. 6 historians believe that she was buried somewhere in the catacombs of paris. in the 1970s, a historian, a woman, rediscovered to long to goose and her writings in the archives of the biblical tech . now to now allow me to do, she was most afraid to expose the wrong doings with a powerful full that she was sentenced to death from prison. she managed to smuggle out 2 last checks for printing, including one that condemned drove his p a and his followers for love, justice,

and freedom. what incompatible with the terror that sort to suppress dissent. on november 3rd, 1793. when she was just 45 years old and long to goose was lead costs the crowd at the plus the concord amount of discussed phones or a pool from the verdict stated, she wanted to be a statesman, and the law has punished this conspiracy as to suggesting the virtues that suits her 6. shortly before her execution, she rose, undaunted and with the weapons of integrity, i demand you to account for the 2 need that you exercise. i die an innocent woman. the . what does freedom mean in the 21st century? that was my question when i set out on this journey, and the answer is more sobering than i had hoped. our world and the freedoms that we are defending and fighting for have grown more complex. you might have already

said freedom is easy. freedom is very hard. freedom is something you have to learn and it comes with responsibilities. absence of fear is one element of freedom and the sick skinned element of food and would be those capacity to have your talents and your tastes and your inclinations. flores. all of us have at least the basic material opportunities to develop our capacities for flourishing. and none of us will be entirely free. sometimes freedom is invisible until it's under trench. and that sense belonged to ghoulish, was a free woman like the many other people today who fight for freedom. as do you mind i had said whether i'm free or not is up to me. that idea may well be the

essence of the enlightenment. and it remains every bit as true today. the, as we approach this, my skin you'll have a clue, has no doubt as an end of life care. and she looks up to people in the hospice and support state relative. it's a changing and meaningful task. that's just the thing, says she minutes on d w. safe, cherish them,

take care of them. and of course they also drive them. vintage cars in india as part of the community. the obsession. or is it only a clue shaped? lot in mind we visit the car fanatics to find out in 90 minutes on dw, the tough calls to everyone who wants to know more about this topic. that concerned about this story is beyond the headline world in progress. the w talk costs the

business dw news live from berlin is really prime minister benjamin netanyahu addresses the nation. so the 2nd stage off the war against a mass has begun with the troops on the ground. in guys are missing. jo tells is really easy to expect a long and difficult campaign. it's a ppo also meets with families of hostages, held by a mouse and gaza. they want the government to delay the military campaign and do more to secure the release of.