you're watching dw news coming to line from berlin up next, got a documentary film for you focusing on the father of modern turkey. most of us come on to a tour, of course, and get all the latest news and information anytime you want on our website. that's the www dot com. i'm terry martin for me and all the team here at dw news. thanks for watching the kids taking a scene in the middle of the dash of the current and sasha organizing reconstruction to the beads. but it's getting cold. the volunteers of winning. when to freeze the mission, kids take notes to rebuild, starts november 6th on dw, the, the most

a sock mount. he calls himself out to tech father at the techs and catapults turkey into the modern age. one of his greatest achievements was making women visible and i'm going to he knows no mercy for himself or for others. i'm not a dictator. i want to rule by capturing the hearts of the people not by breaking a controversial hero. both loved and hated is present the day to a key still divided by i to tex revolution the, the 1st world war, the awesome an empire allies itself with a german empire and austria, hungary,

against france. russia and great britain is one of modern histories. most brutal battles takes place off to a case mediterranean coast allied warships attempt to pass through the dogs now straight and reach assemble, but they fail. this gets rise to a new allied strategy and an opportunity for most of come on autotech. the allied forces attacked the deliberately put into now with infantry, sparking a static battle that lasts for months. the, the ultimate officer, most effect tomorrow, is in command of an entire section of the front. the one of his orders from the trenches goes down in history. he'll break mother's game of the audio

not to attack the you to die in a time. others were ride off to the old though his troops are as numbered. i took is able to hold his position until reinforcements arrived. for steve does, there's no doubt that he was decisively involved in repelling the invading troops at 2 significant positions. the dialogue about the overall military strategy shake was developed by the german general the mind funds on those of i live on the phone . so i'm those good size that the

to this day took you, celebrates, added to us, the great heroes. collectively, there are many monuments to his bravery across the country. the indiana police, the ottoman empire, achieves one final victory. but at great cost, almost half its soldiers, phone and back on the desktop revised cannot stop the inexorable downfall of the empire. the ultimate as rules south, east europe, and large parts of the arab world. for centuries. in the 19th century, the empire becomes known as the sick man. if you're up in 19 o 8 the ottoman empire lose as bosnia and herzegovina to the hops books. that same year book area declares that independence, 3 years later, in 1911,

tripoli is lost. vitale ends and in 1914, egypt officially becomes a british protectorate and the office of jesus, the disintegration of the empire was not in thousands. so the question for the government and its done both and the ultimate people was, includes this process be stopped or prevented content mentees impulses on the face in the future. most of the commercial truck is born into the crumbling multicultural empire in 18. 81 in a house incessant on a key. at the time the city is known as celtic, and his under altima and control. the death of his pro european father at an early age deeply affects the young man to enroll in the military academy against his mother's wishes. he soon develops the reputation as a good student and just give him the name come all which means the mature or the accomplished. i'm

a certificate windows at the extraordinary thing about most of i cannot assume that it is that he became aware of the difficult situation. women faced as a young age to john. yes, his mother was a single parent, which it was. and he had 2 sisters, which they gave him, he knew the challenge of his mother. and he said to me that because of his experiences, he became an officer preoccupied with the rights and equality of women medical so that you should done this. so by a judge to fest along the key remains a part of the ottoman empire until 1912. the havasu tea on the mediterranean, attracts jews, tax armenians, greeks, the british and italians. the liberal atmosphere of this city leaves a lasting impression on most of come typing speeds and just to cause i read it, had a newspaper industry, a publishing industry, and many foreigners that we even john, as in such as a new key who had their own breweries on building cod soups, as well as it was

a very multinational west and oriented society based or into to gives a shift to a continues his career at the renowned altima and military academy in eastern. the training at the academy is heavily influenced by preston military theory. as the germans have been responsible for modernizing the ottoman empire as the military schools, the, this environments gives rise to the young text movement based around and, and business, nationalistic and western oriented military elite. now or young officer was to fuck them all becomes part of the movement. attracted by its ideas of liberal reform. he's fascinated by the ideals of the french revolution. the sofa came, i saw most stuff, what came of soul and felt the overwhelming technical and scientific security of

your everyday. but you can hide a whole bus. the model for him was not a single country like germany from so england, but the west, as a whole dated was within the basement in school. the young took so determined to save the altima, an empire latch by end of a pasha. they demand political and military, the phones in 19 o h. c, and tugs take power in east angle ousting salt and up to how much the 2nd and replacing him with his brother in order to stop the collapse of the fragile empire . and the password joins forces with the germans. in the 1st world war, in the course of the war, altitudes becomes and advisory of the unofficial war minister, gcs, and the pasha as an obstacle to his own advancement. the folks of

patriots but well and assumes an elitist approach after chuck believes in winning the support of the masses of inside the under difficult conditions. many years later, he recalls those days only a taxation nation in this kind of become the countries crisis. a soldier is not acquainted with timor gang, his con, and attentive the hon will prove useless in combat. while i took, becomes a hero at can, literally, the woman is to envy pasha suffers a catastrophic defeats at the altima in russian friends by the spring of 1917, there is no longer any doubt that the world war will bring about the end of the ottoman empire, the envelope hasha orders most if not tomorrow, to accompany the crown prince on

a visit to the german allies. the delegation stops in strasbourg on the way to inspect the western front. the ultimate allies meet with an icy reception from the german imperial devon that had some deposits to his incense by a recent chapter of altima. and wolfe and your highness general a task 2 years earlier. the young checks under the leadership of and the pastor, had used problems along the altima and russian front, as a pretext for brucely, prosecuting the armenians. they accuse them of collaboration with the enemy and order they be deported to the syrian desert. to gather me, the last of those that the meanings and the totally before they would tucks the news. we know the solve the or yeah. or do people speak of genocide for you not,

but the also my most and the all medians were all for the or the a lot less. i'll actually, this remains the official took his position to this day. however, a majority of those deported are civilians, women, children, and old men. almost all of them die on the forced marches. internationally, it is deemed genocide, but how does to feel about the treatment of the medians? they took the lunch on that, so that's a tuck was lucky. but he was finding english australia new zealand soldiers in 1915 and wasn't sent to anatolia suicide. so via vacuum. and he was the only prominent figure among the young tucks who was not contaminated by those events. the mixed content media to your highness, disturbing news has reached my e. s. the armenians i go to gentle people. your countrymen have been engaged in

terrible assaults, or how could you possibly presume to take the side of the armenians who claimed to have existed as a nation, and now hope to prove their own worth again, that by harming the tucker's implant. one, he is disturbing things. we did not come here to discuss the median question, but rather to determine the strength of the german army, wasting our lives on your troops. we are relying on you gentlemen, please. god, it's, it's one of the few politicians who speaks up about the deportation of the armenians. the german ambassador in his temple also lodges. the protest. page montoya bag, the german chancellor, merely replies only aim is to keep turkey at our side until the end of the war, irrespective of whether it cost a $1000000.00 lives or not the most. so if i

can give a list of stuff that came, i knew that's nobody would deny that the armenians was subjected to incredible. suffering publishes light. so give you the tool, the fun stomach, whether it was controlled by his then all the local gang members. if the ministry or the police that was unclear the dish on the money, i, the spark plugs most of the mileage returns to central europe shortly before the war ends. traveling to call a be valerie or cons about and bohemia to recuperate from a kidney infection into 1918 the despite the war, housebound has remained an important meeting place for your ups high society, the therapy she qualities of the sam, a box or not the only attraction in the city,

the cosmopolitan atmosphere and caused by these a powerful impression on most of our come on. this is how he imagines modern society must be the to war. hero is particularly taken by the cities, women, their confidence, independence, and they do not wear fails the we must be bold when it comes to the question of women. they should fill the spirits with art and science that has to teach women the value of education, and that you so that they may main tane. now on, shortly after after tax return, the ottoman empire as participation in world war one ends into feet. allied forces occupied large parts of the country in november of 1918. the peace treaty of 7 signed on the 10th of august 1920 reduces the once mighty empire to assembly

populated section of land. in anatolia, the greeks of preemptively occupied is mia and continue to advance in land. the say was to ship the site to have is the to that gives us side in the however, that site at least quoted, the germans, the potential to be a large power passed. this was not the case with says the steps which demanded the dismantling of the empire. the officers themselves signified the end several belated english that's in the after to considers the staff can negotiations an unmitigated disaster. long before an agreement is reached, he launches his campaign against the dictated freedom from the coastal town of samson. autotech already has a plan for a future tacky, laid out. after 2,

i'd have been sentenced on soon with orders to supervise the de mobilization of troops. instead, he refuses to follow the orders of the government and is dental and calls on the muslim population to resist the greeks. this publication leads to his dismissal from the army and up send to you. he and his comrade is natasha. later is met in new are sentenced to death by his temples. military court to tuck refuses to give in. he calls on his supporters to attend congress is in as a room. and steve us in order to establish an alternative government. after our victory, the country will be governed as a republic the sultan and the tennessee will be dealt with as necessary when the time comes. they will be abolished as well. affairs people will wear hats as they do in civilized nations dated 08180.

there were lots of men like out to target shop, military leaders who became politicians between well goal one and will will to pick drugs in hungary, there was admiral warranty and mid and warranty. and in spain, you have general franconi, i'm not to give them, but access to was the only head of state with the military background, who caught spending for the armed forces and invested them on the in education and health in order to heal the nation's ones. the yet sub message, they need that or a new state requires a new capital city. a small largely insignificant administrative centre becomes the anchor of the modern era. after 2, it remains a powerful presence in the city. on the 23rd of april,

1920, most of tomorrow opens turkey's 1st grand national assembly. the new parliament declares the treaty of saffron, avoid the government representative and eastern both guilty of high treason, the, the opposition parliament then signed the contract. but the bolsheviks in russia the soviet union is the 1st cause tray to recognize the new government and sends money and weapons for the fight against the greek occupiers. 2 years later, most of fucking miles troops would have recaptured most of turkey. in july of 1921 after took assumes, combined with the war against the occupying forces. once again, he proved himself a mazda strategist. he declares general mobilization, demanding that every touch citizen contribute to the production of arms and

ammunition. even women transport shelves to the front line, the this highly motivated army, under most of the commercials combined, eventually defeats the greeks resoundingly at the battle of secaria. autotech is given the honorary title ghazi, the conquering the in 1922 i took ends, his war against the greek occupy as in is mia on the 18 coast. this also marks a significant turning point in his personal life the, the city falls to the texas army with added resistance. losing breaks out in christian areas of the city. the messiah begins and the median quarter, and becomes a conflagration. forcing local inhabitants to flee the

10 days later, the christian areas have burned to the ground could add to tech, have preventive. this is what i got these when i took a ride. didn't isn't it? yeah, he had defeated the greeks. different jim, my opinion is the guy. why would the person who enters the sitting victoria is and then said fine to that setting. as far as i can see, shop, not of the finest. good them only have been said by those escaping the combat under a don't given house the back this up. however, it is not an indisputable client shortly. any jump this, the appreciate the, this goes to the, nobody come out denies that. not only the greek inhabitants of is me. ask that also between one and 200000 creek refugees with literally forced onto the ships. you bought me a fish type of us. we have, however, we've been unable to establish conclusively,

who was responsible for the destruction of the city by awesome, the punched if so. this was the foot came on, the fact that most of the came out himself would main, silent on the issue suggests that the army was involved in a deeds at this. uh, d, i mean that is for the is man. most a fucking uh establishes his headquarters and the villa owned by the shuck is out of family, successful local merchants. lots effect the family's daughter. have pledge to marry the man who freed is mia from the greeks. the such a beautiful, elegant woman. whereas the image of a male soldiers around on my son, i haven't made the recently, the decision built

a got mr. dana to of the met was very dramatic. music. that was the great fire. yeah. and the beginning of the last set off, the be awesome if you just letting you know the houses of your family affected by the fine yes, many get only and help on my passion. we have defeated the enemy and under you will need a ship. we will build a new is man. the couple are drawn together by passions and patriotism. the turkish sources suggest that the events and eas me costs 10000 lives while greek sources claim there were as many as a 100000 debts, possibly one. so it is me as total population of the armenian inhabitants, only a few individual survived. some desperate people are able to escape to the greek islands. the allied ships in the habit refused to intervene or come to their age

centuries of multicultural, multi ethnic existence, and the city come to an end is mere, becomes a turkish city. the victory celebrations across the country represented trams for the young states most if not tomorrow, becomes a shining hero in the eyes of turkeys population. once and for the request of 2, a peaceful montero trees makes the treaty of 7 worthless. forcing the allies to return to the negotiating table eventually check is new governments is the treaty of laws on which negates many of the separately conditions. on the 24th of july 1923. the, the treaty effectively legalizes the expulsion of unwelcome sections of the

population in order to turn the form of a multi ethnic awesome on empire into a turkish nation state. this leads to the greatest population exchange the well, and had so far witnessed the hundreds of thousands of people are affected. large columns of greeks who had been citizens of the ottoman empire, slee, turnkey, while muslims race and macedonia, make their way to the new tucker state. and many more nationalities are affected with us before gets as good z a one mustn't forget that they will also large numbers of refugees and people resettle from the balkans and the coke assistant who made up the new nation and not seal and build it. and it wasn't the only people on the amount of totally a escaped for aspect to claim that in tacky. it wasn't the people who formed the nation, but the states which effectively created the nation from the top down there that's

on the desktop for the open. at about 10 minutes when the s t understood added to its government in ankara vanishes the last sultan make met the 6th. and subsequently all members of the house of osmond, the republic is declared on the 29th of october, 1923. and at the top is named president. however, most of tomorrow has not yet achieved his ultimate goal. a cultural revolution within tacky as president. he is determined to make his calls about ideas a reality. the 1st step, the long term bachelor takes, is to marry lots of the her name, his ideal of what a modern women should be. despite the fact that you as a headscarf in public, out of respect for local traditions, the architects plans for a western style civil marriage ceremony are dashed by the laws of the ottoman

empire, which are still in effect. however, he immediately changes the position of women in society with logic says, help vendor to finish it for them, not collab to phase roll. and the reforms consisted of her accompanying who stuck him on wherever he went to organize good up until this point, old male needed. so publish a went everywhere alone, but without the why 6 by 7, most different commodity, i'd like to say i went everywhere together and i think that was the biggest reform in this. and i'm a little sorry that this is often ignoble that for mothers, let's say let's each and it should be at the lot. you have studies in paris and speech 2 and gym, and she transforms as a, to its former bachelor nights into your p in style and middle class dinner parties . the women are also invited to

attend a problem that these problems few of antics cultural reforms had quite the long term success of his efforts to introduce gender equality. in modern day turkey, women ought to be found an old professions and they are far more emancipated than in other muslim societies. the foundation for today's equality lies with talk. he's adoption of this with civil code in 1925, 5 years later, women not given the votes in turkey, long before france and switzerland introduce universal suffrage. couldn't live in the, in the sort of the nation with the city did it or not the most important changes that women hoped for was the evolution of polygamy and the right to divorce the husband. notice after the introduction of this with civil code made it men and women enjoyed the same rights as in those. and i think that in the issues of all

women beneficial families, whether they prefer the west and all the eastern way of life, with the whether they will for a head scouts or against them. so some many women campaigned for these rights and even fault for the internet and that sort of the talk loud done yet i lot the lot sucked and blue cotton and she couldn't listen on that and pick chosen a lot the civilized evenings of piano recitals and victor hugo quotes soon vanished replaced by the rocky soaked men's knights must have come out. is renowned for to the republic to our independence to the republic. oh gosh. what is this?

you were drinking again? you would talk to and your mother have won't you? you shouldn't drink so much. my mother is dead, but you, you respect me. control every step i take you are the president. this is about tacky. for me, it's about my freedom. let's just say you're done hi. which, why didn't classify it, just go along with everything like other women did. if you, why did she contradict him? so off of the lots of is independence cause it comes to nations and irritated the people around items. in addition, most of the mom had spent the formative years of his life alone, and it was a man who value to freedom it. let's just, he realized that last fay wasn't respecting him. took 6, it won't do unless you will, to architect divorces. latifah,

in accordance with this nomic law, just before this with civil code, would have made this impossible. a divorced wife of taxis fast president spends the rest of her life living quietly and it's tumble and is man the despite the divorce attitude belongs for a family. he adopts 8 or friends in the course of his life and make sure to raise his adopted daughters as emancipated patriotic women. one go with an armenian background, eventually becomes a fighter, pilots and flies missions against the kurds. the is stumble on the bus for us to see if my myra took seals almost on the present here even though president ad ones knew most now

towers above the republic, monuments of the cities renowned toxeme square modern day to okay is a divided nation tone between your logic, well the, this fundamental conflict dates back to the, as it took era, all the reforms, the president of the new republic introduces to see a single go to bring in under develop techie, closer to your up. and this comes at a high price, internal divisions within the country. as soon as the republic is to catch must just not come out. attempts to turn to a key into a secular country with a key a separation between religion and the state of california is abolished and

1924 crowned schools and syria courts subsequently trans down, followed a year later by sci fi orders and service monasteries. the koran itself is translated into turkish. busy the highest, sophia, a christian church until 1453 was the main most threat. awesome monroe, the in 1934 as the final flourish of these religious reforms added to it. has it converted to a museum? the give us an untoward, basically is on. so it was a fee as a business stuff eligible not to because he himself had no need for religion and no

interest in mysticism these he had no understanding that some people needed transcendental beliefs of one kind or another to even from paul's autotech also hopes to change the outward appearance of his subjects, making tax look more like your peons. his clothing reform forces his compatriots to abandon the f as in tough times. these changes also have a religious element in on a totally the how to seen as a symbol of godlessness. the half law of 1925, i tried small criticisms on the abolishment of the college such the year before the uprisings and some people who refused to abandon their traditional fast. headwear are sentenced to death. about the same year. parts of the kurdish population begin to demand autonomy architect refuses,

although the codes had supported him during his war for independence. the, the courtesy to shake site calls for rebellion and demands to revive and left the college. that's the government suppresses rebellion. brucely sent him to shake and 47 of his father was to the gallows secularism. of the kurdish question. both continued to play an important and divisive row and took he's internal politics to this day. year with the then the bottom of the does is instead 1924, the regime began to crank down in the wake of the co, the shore of valley. and in 1925, we are in a position, policies were silenced, and the price was placed on the government controls did pay practices in kentucky became a single policy state, $1.00 code called a dictatorship was and then from 5 to just took off and consider changing from

a one policy to a multi policy system, similar to a batch of the french. but it simply wasn't possible limited enrollment. resistance against the answer to countries. reforms grows even among his former associates. in the summer of 1926, a group of conspirators plans to assassinate the president. but the plan is uncovered and a wave of arrests takes place across the country. it is the perfect opportunity for an attempt to remove his opponents. whether they are guilty of a crime or not, my passion, the death sentences have been passed, the accused has confessed, even added to its former trust, it associates full victim to his punch. there will be no mercy. not even for old comrades. 19 death sentences are carried out. dozens of fans guilty of various crimes and sent it to exile. the opposition is significantly weakened even after the

uprisings against his duct tutorial and reign, autotech continues his efforts to fundamentally change tucker society. his last great project is the reform of language and the written word. our big glasses are replaced with loved ones within a short space of time, and our big component was replaced by authentic tuckers expressions the as a result, many tucks are only able to read the newspapers with the help of a dictionary. within a single generation, the books of the past become inc. comprehensible. took himself a chance to educate the people, to form a military hero is now turkey's teacher in chief as a lease on the field go to me and to many other historians of the era. the language

reform is the most significant to shift the option for the polishing the use of arabic writings of 2 purposes. so it is to break the ties to be in atlantic well, which of course was unacceptable to add to tex opponents to kick now at the tech's not to just exit tablet. well, at the same time, it vastly encouraged the rise of literacy. go to a nice that it's an unprecedented effort. despite the 1st indications of the growing international economic crisis, the president continues to pursue industrialization and education reform. he travels the country in an attempt to understand the daily lives of talk. he's largely agricultural population and to develop a national economic program i took also invites foreign experts to help to make the transition to a modern industrialized society. the speed of the reforms is too great for much of

the tech is population and many feel their being forced to participate against the will to check is unwilling to accept this. i am not the dictator. they say i have papa. yes, that is true. there is nothing that i could wish for and not make a reality. however, i do not act with false and injustice and the dictators someone who suppresses the self determination of others. i want to rule by capturing the hearts of the people . not by breaking. with the introduction of the surname law in 1934, which brings turkey's naming system in line with your p and conventions. most of the come on finally becomes autotech, father of the tex, a flood of glorifying images and memorials and sues,

a cult of personality typical of the era. autotech statues are still assigned to at modern turkey, even though his party and come all as an in general have fallen out of the political favor of website this year that he was convinced that he was the only person who could make this project to reality. and that no one else could share this task. well, he was convinced of the uniqueness of his mission statement, which could not be carried out by others on the top of insane. and he believed he had to give absolutely everything to fulfill this mission to do a fuel. so let me show him. in 1927 i took, moves to assemble and begins to spend more more time on his your responsibility for the day to day. business of the government is increasingly placed in the hands of his future success. time is met in new he has baffled illness. since the war and

his health problems are exacerbated by excessive alcohol consumption. in the winter of 1937 doctors determined that he is suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. as the celebrations of the 15th anniversary of the republic drawn to the close in 1938, added to the allies, bedridden in as simple as told him about to palace his final residence. he had hoped to join in the festivities on its way back from the celebrations in it's tumble a ship carrying military cadets passes. the policy of the young soldiers sing, the national anthem, added to is said to have had tears in his eyes. soon after, on the 10th of november, 1938 i took, dies in is tumble at 9 o. 5 am. turkey mocks, the moment of his desk with a minute's silence every year. the clock in the room he died and still shows the

time the father of modern turkey passed away. the entire country mourns during his funeral, and the country's leaders prepared for a future turkey without at attack, but shaped by his guiding principles. 15 years passed before after tax party is transferred to its final resting place. the mausoleum in ankara rarely has a politician change to society so dramatically in such a short period of time. however, his reforms traumatized, the population rooted in tradition and religion, and the effects are still felt today. morgan, i thought that to the doctor took in his revolution. i currently have great significance because the template is moving away from after tax vision of a republic come up and towards a multi presidential system. let me say my strongly it is that all particularly important to remember. i took the cheap stuff and the asset the went into making them a reality to nominate it as the ones but most yeah,

i don't necessarily have to love the father because it's like you can't deny that he stands at the beginning of this modern nation state for the end of columbus, one of his greatest achievements was making women visit the cosmetic lunch with him . need william good kid. the other 2 guys remember the religious in moment? i tante, that's a tuck has become a symbol. he represents the hopes of the people who are dissatisfied with the countries cover leadership and government activities. i see many more answer to that came, which is now that i use to, to present to good to tech, visionary, revolutionary reformer. he may turkey, the country. it is today a modern, vibrant yet divided nation states on the border between east and west. the

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this is the w. news of life from berlin. israel steps up its ground incursion into gaza. the military release is new footed showing its tags and troops pushing into the territory as fierce classes with. i'm also reported in the north, also coming up people in garza and say there's no, we're safe to high as international calls, go for the protection of civilians. and for more a to be with you. thousands of israelis were impacted by the homos massacre. now many or looking for ways to keel. their trauma will speak to one.