us and i'm hosting dw, and you called costs. thanks. trace amount, but there's no actually about mills. so it has to be traveling around your, facing the history of every day of that. and that's something right around the world. no need to talk to that. just as subscriber id, listen to podcast, and we'll take you along to the right the, it's a highly aggressive parasite that will save bites during the day unconcerned submit a range of different viruses, the asian tiger. most of the time the global movement of goods and climate change have accelerated. it spread in europe, biologist, and now sterilizing and releasing large numbers of the insects to try to slow it down the that on much more this week on tomorrow to day d. w. science magazine. welcome to the show. this

loud is teeming with asian tiger mosquito and every stage of development from larvae to adults. at leo know to flop cio has studied the behavior of the insects in great detail and is now ready to launch an unusual experiment. she's been preparing for years. the tiger mosquito population is growing rapidly in europe. and the biologist is hoping to slow that close in a new way by releasing huge numbers of sterile males. in the picture, risk village of more co to and southern switzerland researchers will release a total of $2000000.00 of the insects this year, which i'm request request professionally. since mid may slot show has been releasing hard tiger mosquitoes weekly at around 70 different locations and more co to as the people who live here,

don't have to worry about bites though. even if it feels like they should get, this means they need to worry the males male start buying finished. they just fly around and then they die after a few days to stay. i would not uh, i mean guitar in the infer tile type your mosquito. the males don't survive long because they've been weakened by the sterilization process and transport. but even during their short lives, they compete with for dial males in the wild for mates. and due to their sheer numbers, the females can't avoid them. steve citizens dimension in the field, the sterilized miles mates with the on the sterilized females. i. d often 1st think when the end of the amazing ones, the females become in soft tile for life and cancelling the flag. the ultimate aim is to cause the population of the invasive species to collapse.

kelly a note of flap chose goal is to reduce the number of tiger mosquitoes in the test area by around 80 percent. the males are brad and sterilized in italy at the research center for agriculture and environment. in bologna, the process starts with egg production and these cages, healthy mosquitoes, mates. the females are regularly fed blood from animals without it. they can't produce x the within a week. the x mature into larva and enter the pupil stage. that's when males are separated from the females to a method known as dimensional analysis. because males are smaller than females, they can be sorted out based on size,

the mail to pay or then expose the x rays in the water, which affects their sensitive reproductive organs. the treatment doesn't kill them, but it does make them in for child. one drawback is that the procedure is still very expensive. sterilizing a 1000 of the insects costs around $60.00 euro. so the bill for this year is experiment is around $200000.00 euros in total. but if it succeeds and production is scaled up, that will reduce costs dramatically based. if it's sorry, that same pi odyssey, i'm convinced that the price that's right, much cheaper in the field yet on that, that's welcoming that especially is commercial interest starts play around all that in the system here. but maybe we can fine. the technique is not really old. it's expensive, but we have to scale the top to make it cheaper. last enough that's law. hold on. let me just be looking at this the method works. the project will be promoted

internationally in cooperation with the w. h. o. especially in countries where tiger mosquitoes regularly transmit, potentially deadly diseases type and most of the toys can transmit viruses from one host to the next like the west nile virus, which mainly infects the calories by the by to fact. however, it also sometimes ends up in human passages that makes it jump from animals to human notice. so it knows he's probably growing problem. the research team and after care is trying to detect them don't any stage before they can potentially lead to upon demick. very swapping one of the camels, a to research firm and kenya, camels are commonly kept as live stuck in the country and often have close contacts with the human keepers. reason enough for the researches to investigate what's the animal's head might be carrying the passage and that causes the disease cool. must

a relative of the virus that causes k 5th 19 in humans cells copeland and must close blown system formula, which is quite a turnover. that's funny. i bet families is composed of of many other viruses which are highly infectious and present it to human human beings. and this tend to be 0 to get his means be able to be made for monday most. and the transfer respect to humans does show malloy and his team have seen those signs of miles around the moles among them talk to could also carries do enough to capacitance the livestock farmers like so most of the play live in very close proximity to the around animals, so the reset just visit regularly to ask about any symptoms of disease. his animals might shy one, and they also take blood samples from bodies, comfortable, and owners for analysis. and the alarm is going to need to get down. here you go in this household, they have more than 60 capital. so picking 10 gives us some good the indication

or the special nice in the, in the have. so you don't have to sample all of them. but you can pick a sample that is physically political. the total number i'll see will get the same information to prevent the potential spread of passages and select the one that causes the foot and mouth disease from 100 to the next. the team regularly disinfect that, but they also educate the farmers about prevention that face. he's also there. i go back to the example i gave you a boost analysis. so um that it is a manual that he's infected, tends to be tied to the bacteria in may. so if you make your animal and you don't violate a new ticket tool, then you start the chance of picking lane fix the reset. just return with the samples to the weather will be centrifuge the stair and obtain this then tested for a range of passages. one infections rise and this posts of kenya, james of taco,

is the 1st to know and takes the necessary time to measures which include distributing free medicines. they're looking at city this we to contest for money most on money. and humans. one is called lucy lucy's. the other one is called the queue fever, and the other one is to be very few of us. so for these 3 weak undetected in both animals on humans. and so the system that we have collected here, we'd be tested to find out noise top talks, that's a 1st, as most kilimanjaro, the mass sy, communities have also live close to the capital. so the risk of diseases jumping from animals to humans is high. even so many people don't know enough about how to protect themselves. one thing i'm going to, to get our colleagues that suffered from a number of diseases that we don't recognize in getting the more of them,

for example, came from water. i love that you can go my g. p. s. other infections can be transmitted by biting insect so, but the spread of disease 3 does. he will to oppose this. the biggest danger to live stuck from a slight kitchen bay to reach me from the account number of the problem has been exacerbated by extreme droughts. him kenya is now that there's drought. farmers are suffering many losses. they've lost a lot of live stock and we can hardly identify the diseases in the live stock. they may be just suffering from hunger. c c to the doctors take blood samples from animals to test the mill up. fortunately that the no major outbreaks of noval pathogens in the region or even worry and mutations. but wild and domesticated animals, live practically side by side here, x xbox. worry that is the window of pick disease could develop in kenya. there is

a lot of nutrition, 6 victims due to the tendency and then right them into the climate change and also the land use buttons and their population precious as well brought about changes that actually them you did the engines, disclosing edges, adam rejecting the in doubt frederick subaru and a colleague detected a brucellosis infection today, and a cow they examined the animal will be treated with antibiotics to stop the fever causing disease. but the that also has to determine whether the owner has been infected. they do cause as soon as they reduce and also and cutting them from us to use food into the offer they recommended practitioners to put in to use the higher level of drugs. we close at the moment that la new antibiotics coming up, and most of them know at assistance as the climate hedge in just dramatically severely of expect moves, they will not take passages to a pit and spread tight controls and needed in kenya and 12 wide

those controls will have to keep track of viruses like one code a l s. b, which was only discovered in ne china, or in 2017 kindly by takes it might be able to infect humans and codes flu like symptoms that at least initially resembled those close by table and step, lightest pots, a disease that is widespread in many parts. if you're including switzerland, new tech born viruses spreading and this patch of forest. that's why scientists from the university of the rigs institute of biology have come hunting for them here. ranging about a 100 meters on either side of the path. they searched through the undergrowth for the parasitic arachnids in 2017 a virus tentatively named a l. s. v was discovered in text and

a long shot engine. china. it's thought to have caused disease symptoms and humans . in the fall of 2022 corners playford and his team detected the virus and checks in switzerland for the 1st time made of off the customer we expected to find tick borne and stuff. a lot just viruses and we did i list a list, v o, a long shot, a virus that was a fluke. the bones of course, is by role. logistic was exciting to discover it in switzerland. it's exciting because practically nothing is known about this virus from a biological perspective. and we've now also decided to investigate the vars in the lab with molecular biology methods level. and when they come out, you know, okay, so, so at regular intervals the team collects tech, set specific locations of this can also help determine how concentrations of the virus and the text changes. after half an hour,

it's time to stop and count them 1st. although it's rainy and just 14 degrees celsius, outside the scientists were able to find 15 techs and different stages of development to move to the rack nets they've collected, are sent to the viral logical institutes. loud in zurich, that's where the real work begins. they'll just say kind, i've gone to the tech's actually have a very hard shell that we now have to crack open, so to speak, to home. ok. we have to crush them, will have much noise them as we say in order to get that the nuclear assets that are inside corners, slave for records, the proceedings step by step,

the crushed tick is checked for all the genetic material. it contains not just from the animal itself, but also the fund guy, bacteria and viruses such as a l. s. v, that it carries. determining the structure of the virus is a necessary step to developing a blood test for detecting a l. s. v. in humans. an important step for the biologist, but also for switzerland's physicians had sewerage university hospital last summer. the number of patients with chick bites who later reported symptoms like fever, severe headaches, and impaired consciousness roads. there appeared to be a clear connection, but somehow it didn't add up, or my thoughts as long as not the thought by looking 1st for frequent tick borne diseases such as t

b. e. take born and suffer light to live disease. sorry home. you check that in particular when a patient remembers it take bite in the past, and that's what you look for 1st time. and surprisingly, we've had a large number of patients with these passages and not being detected by them. so we've started looking and other directions, the good the sufferers be infected with a l. s. v. to find out neurologist toby as a vice recently sent for the patient samples to coordinate flavors. laboratory for analysis isn't the i guess button. it's a big moment to if the passages to take to do it would really be for the 1st time in humans. and i'm just seeing how common it is in tex. we're curious to see if it can also be detected in patient. so that would help us live in this little in 5 to 6 months later, the results are finally available. 20 to 25 percent of the patient samples tested positive for a l s. v. now a 2nd test has to be conducted to confirm the 1st one. at the moment,

it's impossible to say how much of a health risk a o s b actually poses. but cornell, clifford says, even if the suspicion is confirmed, there's no reason to panic. if necessary, it shouldn't be too difficult to develop into effective protective vaccine by the way, take solid insects, but rockets, which are 8 legs instead of 6. and they've been around for over 500000000 years. so they have always known before the age of the dinosaurs and other species have been around for quite a while as well. david from colombia centers. this question on the topic are animal species present today that survive the age of the dinosaurs? some 66000000 years ago, a 14 kilometer wide asteroid slammed into the earth,

triggering a mass extinction. within seconds, the space rock vaporized across the earth, fires raged, and volcanoes erupt it and within a few days, the earth was blanketed in darkness. the deadly ice age that followed lasted for years. acid rain transformed the ocean's vegetation died. 3 quarters of all species were wiped out. today's reptiles may resemble many dinosaurs, but in most cases they have little in common with therefore, bears. unlike crocodiles of pre historic relative of the crocodile emerged, 250000000 years ago, and crocodiles are ultimate survivors. they eat almost anything and can go for long periods without food. turtles are also one of the oldest living reptile groups. the earliest known turtles swim the world's oceans 225000000 years ago and looked

remarkably similar to those solitary ancient creatures that exist today the sting reyes of rome, the oceans for even longer. these primordial creatures belong to the cartilage and has fish family. after sharks, they were already among the top creditors of the oceans in the age of the dinosaurs, the catastrophic consequences of the asteroid had little impact on sharp bio diversity. horseshoe crabs haven't changed much in 150000000 years. that's because these living fossils can survive and water a varying salting. this and warm of the birds evolved from a group of dinosaurs that survived thanks to their feathers, chickens and officers are the closest living relatives of toronto. sorest rex sounds improbable. just compare how they walk. it probably is right. why

do you have it science question? been send it in as a video, text or voice mail. if we see your clearly on it will send you a little surprise as a think the when sudden insights, multiply on mass, it can recover comb forrest in your best name treat as drawing insight is the bond be talked about for the last 2 years, spelt pest has had competition for the title from overseas. the asian loan, whole and beautiful, is now also found in europe and north america. and to city with trees on the menu. the asian long home retail is native to china, taiwan,

and the korean peninsula. once established in other places, it's an intruder that's almost impossible to deal with. only selling the trees that invites canal and that's on a grand scale are not far from the village of so in central switzerland, the largest infestation of the asian loan home beach. and in the country sofa has come to light. make out sona, he works to become toner for the son is trying to get the situation under control. by my medical say this 3 showed clear signs of an asian long horns. beetle infestation. you can see it clearly and these many bore holes. you can also see these marble galleries, what kind of damage they do to a tree. it's in a cross section cotton and all the circular holes typically have to be till i made one adult, eat the way to the surface of the developing inside the tree. so

you know, after imagine from that heis trees, the adult be tools made. females usually laid directs on the same trees, they themselves fed on as long as when the ex hunch, the new generation of law, people that way back into the wood, an infestation will generally kill a tree. eventually they rarely survive. let me say you can see how it gets riddled with holes and they destroy all the vascular bundle, so the tree can't absorb water and nutrients anymore. so it died oh, the couple to deprives the past of its food. sol suite over a 1000 treatable, ready, been so here is only a reputation meshes have not been enough so far to limit the be to spread in mid march, another infestation was discovered in this nearby stretch of forest. now the trees have to be felt hairs, while the asian long home to be told poses

a huge threat to the citrus trees. it causes billions of dollars in damage worldwide. the insect was discovered in switzerland for the 1st time in 2011, hearing the pull to ball. so in a pallet of granite from china, it was then found in other parts of the country. the fight against the beat will cost millions, but it was a success at least for a while. for 3 years, switzerland's was considered free of infestation until the insect showed up again. and so everything is now being done to prevent it from spreading again. that means felling and destroying the citrus trees within a $100.00 me to radius around and infestation. and it has to be done before the adult so much. but the source also helps protect the village from lum slides. so any counter measures and fighting the past have to be carefully

way doc. they should effectively come by the asian long hold. be too, but not weak and the protective force to not striking the balance is tricky. within the policy then would be a we've done that by removing ground vegetation, like hazel bushes and small willows, which are not the central to the protective effect or greek. then we take out the big trees that have a lot of rancho and or, and tangled with other tree lice thing. but we're trying to leave the rest as much as possible while keeping a close eye on the situation so that we fight the beatles and maintain that for us as a protective of faculties. hence, hopefully stokes, with the trees hair attracts. yes, we can with the help with specially trained dogs for us to be to discuss discovered . and so comes to the lee and his animals were assigned to investigate the extent of the infestation around the village. caused fashion to kind

of live experience. i almost couldn't believe it. i was amazed how extensive it was and how many were on certain tree farm when we caught bugs picked them off like apples to. and that's pretty impressive when you know what a single beetle can do shortly. either a single female can weigh $200.00 egg somewhere and this evening i'm so you won't die at all, like it's time to check whether all the beetles really have been wiped out by the falling meshes. the past is already considered eradicated is full years past. be so free even just one surviving female or her rags can lead to a massive infestation. again, the following. yeah. the measures this time has cost around a $1000000.00 euros to implement. the sun comes through its own absolutely necessary, because right now we can still contain it towards the end. if we don't do anything, it will spiral out of control and then it'll really have consequences for everybody

. the color, especially for the ecology here, lima, we need these really, they provide shades, create corridors for cooler air and creatures, live in the lab, and we need the for as well. so it has economic and social consequences. and so all the consequences, the monitoring and selling continues. the measures might seem drastic, but make outs on a confidence that then necessary to eradicate the past. and once again, clear switzerland, the destructive, the tools, the by the way went out last. i won't take till i haven't, and we'll take that we on. so you'll questions, clips that are fun, accurate, and to the points, but also based on the latest research one to discover even more from the world of science. then photo s d w science. i am not safe for this week on

tomorrow today, the science show on dw, thanks for joining us and see you again next time, bye for now, the

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