he is to help you make up your mind. we are here and please find your mind. so talk to you from campbell, fixed a new culture and in 15 minutes, let's say together parts of our community life on the research is now on the the we are building the road to a greener future. that space with solar panels, wind turbines, and electric cars. countries around the world need them to fight climate change. but so far it's one country that says the center of producing china can countries

go green without china? that's what we'll explore on this episode of made need of use business magazine. i'm not easy, not thanks for joining us in this. so we will also be exploring how startup here in germany could be winning the solar race. oh, europe like take up. it's very rare 1st and why wind turbines are so hard to recycle solar is the cheapest source of electricity in history. on the one hand, that's thanks to technological advancements. but it's also because solar panels are being produced on a mass of scale and europe, and jumpstart, at the trench. a 3rd of all solar panels of worldwide used to be produced on the continent. most of them here in germany because the german government started subsidizing the panels and the 2 thousands. since then, a solar has become

a lucrative business with serious competition. and today, europe is losing 80 percent of all solar panels are now manufactured in china. cheap labor and energy. he make chinese panels much more affordable and popular. but a business from the german state of brandenburg wants to challenge china because they can feed them on price. they are aiming for efficiency. its energy from the sun, gem and subsidies help bring the technology online then so to manufacturing moved to china. now, new technical innovations could help that were ton represented to you is the world's largest, most efficient source. so in time for a trial run on just one machine today. so the cameras, these next generation, so the sales of say to, to go into series production, being held as

a technological revolution. one that will increase energy output by 20 percent. our concept was to make a different source of material that would be less expensive to produce, but also be better adapted to the suns spectrum colors and the sun spect. and then we decide to combine it with the existing technology silicon by layering a 2nd source. so in a very thin layer, on top of this pilot plant to be expanded to deliver up to $10000000.00 solar cells a year and demand is high on going invest, everyone's talking about green hydrogen, and so the hydrogen has to be produced somehow. that's quite energy intensive, so the solar industry would be a good partner for that. and all that likes to good partner. the history of solar energy in germany has been one of ups and downs. it will began to general state

subsidies. those fund tapped to beginning for about the very start 20 years ago. and there are many got the ball rolling by promoting renewable energy and helping to massively reduce costs unless he's because of indirectly at least that led to a solar them that it took a while. so not boom could fluid. i ask them now for that size. that gemini soon lost its manufacturing at once, that known as he was established, jem and factories could no longer compete, as in for them to feel like a month to on this number of mistakes remain. you know, 1st of all the ground work that had been laid early on. i was beginning around the year, 2000 was allowed to just travel and die on this. so i think the entire market collapse done by and germany just sat back and watched as many companies moved away from the many of them to china. less than it was on the see not the largest photovoltaic manufacturers. and now when asia,

europe wants to re gain some of its energy independence, but how likely is that is fits of speed signed us verification. so late for us to catch up with china is production capacity to it and also the baltimore top of the crew. but there are things we can do, for example, by manufacturing, very innovative systems that are also very efficient out because if it's in isn't after a promising stops and then a dry spell, germany is once again, investing news. so to technology the upswing was also one view which is symposium invalid which brought together local officials and energy companies. looks at p. these chief financial officer results so that the brandenburg pilot project receives nearly 11000000 euros and public financing. nearly a 100000000 years were invested in the pilot pond to know, and the company has even bigger plans in store planning. we're planning about 5

gigawatts of solar cell production stuff and also module manufacturing to go along with that. we're still evaluating various locations to evaluate subsidies and other incentives also play a role in those evaluations. many countries hope that cutting edge technologies control the scanning the, say, the same level, the new york's the giga factory be built in year. it will the us so i get this comes closet of us is already given some concrete numbers in the installation reduction act, where there was mention of one trillion dollars and amount that's hard to imagine. but i know many others all can and should the you try to compete with that discussions and negotiations underway behind closed doors and the stakes a high for now at least energy from the sun is the cheapest and most important tool for renewable energy. the foundation of europe is green

transition. the only rest on chinese solar panels is also almost entirely depends on rare virus from china. rare earth can be found all over the world, but no one has exploited them. like china, the countries lower social and environmental standards make it hard for europe to compete. its production still minuscule. but that's such a change. laptops, smartphones, wind turbines, and electric vehicles, technologies that we take for granted today, but they wouldn't exist without rare arts. so what are these exactly? the term rivers is a bit of a misnomer because they aren't really there. strictly speaking the metals, at least in the peer for them, and they aren't necessarily rare either one small there is coming in. the earth's crust is conflict. for example, but large deposits are rarely found in places that can be easily mind already made

in not expecting. that's how the term where it's came about. because they're not easy to mind. and there are other issues. various assets are used to extract reference. what's left behind is polluted wastewater that can even contain radioactive elements. across all these mind me, utilities, it is that the legacy is really complicated. one across all of our mental social economic elements. it's a very complicated sector with the, with a difficult history. and there is that an option what the substitute wants to do it differently because otherwise we're just going to be the green people who do the same thing that everybody else did before. so the president has last year, a china accounted for more than 2 thirds of all mining production of rare arts, a result of investment decisions made years ago. next come to us australia and

vermont. yeah, yeah. yeah, maybe some team i'm in this area were quite dependent on others, which includes china, europe, and us like want to become a bit more independent in that respect and nothing you've gone, gone up any good is that they won't be able to become fully independent in the coming years in the you nearly $5000000.00 tons of old electronic devices end up in landfills every year. so could recycling help europe become less dependent on china? yet the waste doesn't contain enough free or it's to make recycling worse while at least using current methods. but when it comes to electric vehicles in winter buying stuff consume change. in prospecting, i'm at the moment is increasing use of large electric motors and especially wind turbines. so in the next 5 to 10 years, a big market with american citizens. but again, one key challenge will be making sure that this recycling is carried out in europe

. no holes at the moment. europe doesn't have the know how or facility capacity. so this wakes is usually shipped to south africa or southeast asia, such as vietnam and malaysia and was processed by the items. and then china turns it into new raw materials will stuff in the back of 500. that's also why it's $44000000.00 tons of china has the 3 largest reserves of railroads worldwide, followed by vietnam, brazil and russia, which each have about half that amount. the, with the help of you funding estonia is now home to europe's 1st factory to produce the special magnets used in the electric vehicle motors, and those magnets need where are producing these magnets close to home is crucial for here of the industry and the factory. it, here's district environmental standards not heavy. the issue of

sustainability will become more important in the coming years. you need to see, i need to get ahold of installation. so we need to form my own partnership on funding to ensure that the raw materials such as where our mind and the most sustainable, environmentally friendly way possible. so he says, and in the most socially responsible way possible to go, he's not highly of out. so y'all said, today's the stock that's fine, many manufacturer as a product such as wind turbines and electric vehicles are now looking for rare or suppliers outside of china. even if that ends up raising the price. and wind turbines are also central to our next report. have you ever looked up at one of them and been a bounded by their size? a wind turbine blades can be longer than a boeing 747. but they weren't always so enormous. the 1st

a wind farm was installed in the us and 1980, and those early models were much shorter, more expensive, and less efficient. so it's good news that the wind turbines changed and grew. but it also means that the old models have to be disposed of, and that's where we are running into big problems. a look at this bus stop this bridge and this playground. notice anything that's taken of the old made of the wind turbine blades because it looks cool. yeah. but it's also because we don't really know what else to do with them. once that one out we can recycle up to 90 percent of the turbine like to steal it from the towel or the cop up from all the wires. but the gigantic blades mostly get dumped into landfills. a field day for opponents of wind energy, the wind turbine junky, are they just lying around and there's nothing much renewable about these things. but the wind industry won't let that spend they're working on making winter event,

let's recyclable, and saving that green image. wind turbine blades are mainly made of glass, so common fibers and stuff called a poxy residue. this acts like a plastic super glue that binds them together. you end up with a very strong and resilient material, dumping them into landfills and forgetting about them as a mess of waste materials. so let's look at some ideas on how to stuff that just one way to deal with old blades is by using brute force, we can burn off of the plastic pots, or use strong chemicals to dissolve it. what remains is the fibers that can be used to make new things like cost planes or snowboards. but these processes on perfect order phase takes a lot of energy and the products that you get. because the degraded by the various this technology is using by the,

the brutal methods that you've been using to separate the components dennis of strong, most of this used to produce a well. so you don't get so much. can you from any recycling process has to be economic to popple, and this is the roads that recently a different approach has become popular. turns out the materials and told on the lights are pretty good for making something else if that cut into pieces and then shredded that can be used in simon production. you get some energy from the plastic parts of the blade, the reson. um, as that is heated, it gives off energy and then you're left with this char glass means and that goes into concrete. and so you're able to recover some materials and use them for a common material. and then you're also able to recover some energy waste management from the old has popped up with general electric to do exactly that. on

the large scale in the us. they say they've already recycled over 3000 blades this way. and that's not the only benefit by branding shredded wind turbine blades instead of cold cement because could save up to 27 percent of c o. 2 emissions according so when the analysis by a consulting firm, if you have cement industry, which is located close enough to the place that you've got your wind turbine blades, that this is actually something which is for hopper, it's economically advantageous, and it's environmentally favorable as well. and certainly better than landfill bucks wouldn't be better still if we could use also it on the lights to make new ones. so we, we need to ensure that we get into 2nd level and get it into most of the day of the life cycle. besides, this is maxime, you again, snippet ring leaves the sustainability department and see montgomery. so one of the

world's largest going to buy manufacturers. they develop what they called the recycle of lights, which you might have guessed as a plates that's supposed to be easily recyclable. that's down to a new type of resonant. they've invented red, okay, with the size easily and the s, so at the end of the light. and then this solution, separate space, exceed a residence on the last 5 a. you have a common areas so that we can recover the separated materials again and use them for new products. for the moment, these new products of things like suitcases, suitcases will cost nothing new blights. the plan is to ultimately close the loop, but small research is still needed. the recycle blades more expensive than traditional ones. how much exactly is the minutes go may. so i wouldn't say about the already being used in some when projects. unfortunately, siemens can me. so i also wouldn't say how high the sales total of sales is. that is something we cannot disclose, which is a shame because obviously the more of them we use now the more of

a dentist slate waste, the solution could make down the line. it's clear that it doesn't help with traditional blades we have to deal with. now you will not see the impact about until 25 or 30 years, but those plans are being taken down. this is lisa, extra and who's head of sustainability, invest us another leading wind turbine manufacturer that taking a different approach and that recycling strategy. as soon as we have scaled solution, we can always start recycling and fox and choose plates that were cut off many years ago. and that can be taken down now as well as future plates. they say they figured out a way to separate the materials and existing to and plates and make them reusable, including the epoxy resin. it's supposedly done with a chemical solution that breaks it down. vestos doesn't let on much about the new process, just that so far, it's only been proven in the lab then that will be testing it to the real world for

2 years to see if it can be scaled up. and what we do know is that the chemical solution, as uh, as not being solid, its chemicals that you will find all the show. and that of course, gives us very good indications that this us up to be a very cost competitive. so let's recap. there's a bunch of ideas out there on how to take a blade waste, some of that already work and scale, and some that still have to prove they do wind power companies across the board of throwing money at this. and while researching the story, i've repeatedly wondered why, if you ask them they will say something like this. so scene for the cheese at the club on business, it is over there and i was calling about the mate, which somehow only felt like half the answer. i mean, don't get me wrong for me, things in the dump and forgetting about all the materials that went into making them should not be the way forward, but with all the blades it looks and feels a lot worse than it is. i mean, these things are literally built to not decompose,

should be pretty stable, they will just stay the base. so the main problem with landfilling is really the plates take up a lot of space. that will be 43000000 tons of this kind of blades by 2050. well that will be 12000000000 tons of plastic waste and landfills and the environment by then if we drive it in waste, it's very likely not going to be down to wind turbine blades. but that's not the point. pets with plastic waste, it's tiny contest we dealt with other bits of waste. it's tiny, but it's really important in the public high. it's sort of iconic. so we've got these huge wind turbines which are making green electricity for us. and people say yes, bought at the end of life, you've got pulse of the structure which you're going to land fill, that she's not greed. so it's hot,

she really to improve the image you wind turbine technology in the public domain for the winter. the stream solving the recycling challenge is the best way to live up to their image and future proof that business you're just saw it in our reports. the solar panels on our roof and the river earth and our electric cars are from china and aging isn't only leading in the energy industry. it controls another market that's central to our lives, medicine. and just like in the other sector, it's pricing out the competition of china's clear goal to become the world's number one. also, when it comes to its domestic pharmaceutical industry, the world is becoming ever more dependent on medicine from china. the chinese have been very clever. will the world soon be completely dependent on china for medical supplies? will pharmaceutical exports then being used as political leverage?

always be cheap. with this model, the chinese pharmaceutical industry has grown rapidly and the west has helped a lot the the background to the yeah. is that we don't want to spend much money on medicine, even though it's the cheapest form of therapy, and therefore the production costs must be reduced lunch. this important tools cost to double check that was on just as the easiest way to do that is to go to countries that have low labor costs, fewer environmental regulations and lower costs for energy and the like the cost of creating a huge actually film. now costs $0.60 in germany, as much as a stick of chewing gum. experts saying that china now produces 40 percent of all active ingredients in the world. that is the part of an drug responsible for it's the reputed effect. and sometimes china is involved,

even if it doesn't seem so for example, the popular teen killer, if you proof and it's produced at these locations around the world, it was in short supply during the pandemic. so it was also produced in india. got the diversity is deceptive. just india import. almost all of the active ingredients it needs from china. the chinese have a key competitive advantage over the others. they now also produced most of the raw materials for the drugs, and they do so very cheaply, due to economy of scale, things to its price advantage. china is leasing out foreign competitors, as in the case of several lo, sparren's, which are antibiotics. even a german manufacturer with the state of the art production technology had no chance against china cabinet and schedule bias. remarkably, only a few years ago,

we produce f, a low sparren's at the company hooks, but that's no longer the case. has the chinese have been very clever? yeah, they always under cut the price that hooks was charging until then owner of folks, a private equity company eventually said it's not worth it will stop production. because of the rules. he's just finished. i'm starting with the total. i'm shown i'm what more of the consequences short what is missing can help you take a closer look at civil sparren's. there is a key based material, amino, so folic per a know, an asset which is produced exclusively in china. so if the chinese decide that they no longer want to supply it to europe via if we were to sign with taiwan in the event of war, then we would be left empty handed, so to speak on terms of self. lo, sparren's, antibiotics are like saving drugs, antibiotic codes and leaving, settling ex 9 major. and china wants even more. it wants to be at the forefront of

new medicine. experts say that china is no researching every 10 strong in the world . that's in the development phase. indeed, and i think they are much more innovation friendly for me. and i think that ultimately these bureaucratic processes and then if they want to implement something, then they will meet. so the bureaucratic process is a much faster than ours since. and then on the other hand, money support and funding flows into what are referred to as core industries. and that is sort of home to a candidate team site 0 wants to bring back pharmaceutical production here. and for france, planned for kerosene, a months of pain killer, is to be built to cover a 3rd of european demand. but this is only possible thanks to high subsidies if napkins, i think we 1st have to reach a consensus on which active ingredients we consider to be important. and there are a lot of lessons and many different active ingredients floating around for them. i

think we also have to be honest and acknowledge all that. it'll be more expensive and we'll have to, to read to pay x amount create that i am, but the doc, it's in, you have a single bill. would probably be $10.00 to $20.00 euro cents more expensive in germany, if it came from europe instead of china. it's unknown whether a patient's anywhere in the world would be willing to pay more for more independence from china. from green tech to madison. here up as walking a tightrope, the aim, making quick progress while becoming more independent of china. this episode looked at how that might or might not be possible. thank you for watching and see you next time the

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