as we ask why, because education makes the world make up your own mind. made full minds. the when i go to bed, i sometimes still have the sound in my ears, the sound of the sea. the voices of the fishes. when the boat went down on the other boats, making this o sound, we humans comp suffice without tears. and yet we just keep home, wasting it. disappoint knowing full well how disastrous we'll discuss the t can be the arrow see used to be the world's full largest lake. then the rivers that fed it with tapped irrigate farm land, and it shrank dramatically. how of things now the,

the old man and the sea, except the sea, as old but furnished were in moines, that in the far west of whose becky stone in central asia, the kids were the last spring and left the rest send in dusk, continued to eat away at people's livelihoods and loans. 74 year old ali, shutting off is one of the left, slipping boat captains here cuz there's a whole bunch of people have lots to see when we used to walk along the streets and the lakes that existed. yeah, there was always a wonderful breeze coming from it. it's crazy. when we go. yeah,

in 5th or 6th grade, we always looked at the monthly total. it was very close to that. no. but now what's left of the r o. c, as the ones you to make is called is far away. instead, endless does planes in sound, but didn't put x teacher delia quickly more. i told her and her family of moving here. the 43 year old, his face and the future. i mean tourism in the region, you to the not the reason they used to be a key here, a large harbor view life was extremely busy children based here. i thought so nice and they were for holiday counters, law recreation zones, sanatorium and yes. at some point, we decided to build a year and a half here through while i get the 1000000 that museum was also built to attract visitors. it don't is the good times with films photographs, and comes of fish as well as being a tourist hotspot. the town used to be known for its fishing. there was

a fleet of boats and a large kind of rate, which has long since closed down. many residents have moved away. we're on the way to the areas full in the hospital. it's now a guest house delia quickly motor tova bought the property with the loan and turned it into simple accommodation. she then moved with the family to my neck, the regional capital of the around 14000 people still live here, but many have long and other health problems. they suspect due to send storms. and the environmental talks in that remain from the lake at least shutting off as also stage and part of his large family, 10 children, i'm 36 grandchildren. his house used to both of the late directly when i go to bed,

i sometimes still have the sound in my ears, the sound of the sea. the voices of the fishes, when the boat went down on the other boats making this oh sounder, it still rings in my hands. oh, we've been driving along to form a lake bed for hours of fruit. it's the only way to appreciate the full extent of the dried up salt water lake. it was once the size of the various delia quickly motor tova has accompanied us through each city of the i comes here 3 or 4 times a month, sometimes with guess but it's quite a distance and it's not that easy. you know, almost it's 3 or 4 hours from one, not to hear this, but it's really worth it just of what a landscaping guy. well,

you could make a blockbuster here. this was not too much of the blood. was the arrow. see which struggles is back. he's down and catholic stone is only about to 10 to bits for messiah. he's a human induced environmental disaster, which had his origins in the soviet union. the regime relied on one of the coaches, especially the water intensive cultivation of cotton, and so will to began to be diverted from tributaries to the late and used to irrigate the cotton fields concert. when the water receded already back in the seventy's and eighty's canyons formed here, as you can see, it says that they are naturally beautiful. though there isn't a single tree or greenery because it's an almost other worldly few days. but in reality, this with the start of a vicious circle, the salty sediment eventually ended up back in the ground water,

just like the chemicals from the cotton fields. the often powerful winds hit, whip up the salt dust and toxic chemicals, and scott, to them over a large area. 68 low top to homage sugar beads comes to check on his sex or plants. oh goodness. let me explain. remember, because a plant is now totally covered in dust. the company is because the dust settling. but when it rains, the suck sol plan will turn totally green on. you can feel the wind. now. if we stand here like this for 10 minutes, we just as dusty pretends though, here where the c bed used to be the around come deserts, now stretches as far as the only can see sex. so plants in particular are extremely important here because they help contain the salt stones of the and then we find the see what remains of the around see

the arduous journey from boy next to almost 4 hours. only a few people find that way here to this wasteland most to make the long drive a manual workers will start from look who companies come here to carry out tests and then take a snapshot. as a souvenir, extremely high salt contents, however, means there is hardly any life in what's left of the lake delia quickly maria tova, who as a company does this boss is pleased to bump into old friends again here. it goes for a spin several times a month. she makes the long journey because it's here in the middle of the deserts that she built yet come me i need to provide

nothing really stares me. she didn't say when i used to work as a teacher, i'd like to pass it on knowledge and drawing energy from is where your photo in that and now i talked about my own country. so yeah, my homeland of visitors here get to hear different stories about the canyons of also and i draw inspiration and energy from that. yeah, it's a full cha if i do you. and that of you, it's remote region of those back is done. still doesn't get many tourists. those who do come tend to be people who are looking for something unusual and special. and yet when she's there in person, the entrepreneur for past everything meticulously of the role, she wants a visitors to feel at home. my name is on my notes on my parents were here in the area in 1975 and told me back then that there was a link that was beginning to dry out. and over the years it was on my mind. and i really wanted to see it. and then i realized that i found driving where that water

used to be my lead cree pieces. i was like my world really well. sure. um, we submit it unless we humans have destroyed our great see, we're over the 4th largest link in the world is much it's that should be less than to us. all these items, all we need to save our water. we should plant trees. it is. yep. actually to is, may come here, but the old man is being left without him to see the once a month or something but takes a day to such a waste. so disability endo, with taste. no. yeah. and these critics don't, tough to dave to deep says plastic flux to us at the surface of lake victoria of

because we get fresh with a lake. is food of crush, don't they? oh, and when they, they don't do the some plastics on this fishing nets which are no longer being used by the fish. i mean, how something relieves and that you can then sure of like victoria. so he was most of you, somebody from what's to us for almost 3 years now. he's been diving for a look organization that seems to clean up the lake. they put low to bundle and fish and eats or goes to mit, which had been just for the day as the project is a day when i don't. and there was revenue with a fishing net. yeah, that's the worst thing i heard. and i use my knife, which i'm always on the crate, the cut over, they say, you know, totally clean up the water. they also retrieve waste from the show that's covered in this, the condition. the main men to most of them gets help from volume t as each month, they get tons of plastic,

and bring it to land. faisal mer to him, but started the initiative. he's been organizing originally cleanups here for, for yes, he's program, you can, the junior ranges seems to retain the lake. it's not just state the plastic. in other words, the leg, victoria mainly comes from the canals. hope you're getting discovery to accomplish that, especially the much of it will come out. the team of the junior ranges, lexia 3 times a week. so we try to build a stewardship of the community by, you mean what we're trying to do uh, through these community activities clean up activities and when they are going to commit to re engage with the community, do so try to get them involved. and then uh, educate them about the negative impact it has to their communities and their neighborhood, those leaving the root canal, starting to realize that details here and be to for the environment. let's just to waste, think to the war to, to solve do for these sites,

which are meant for that for the free and meaningful streaming and the for fish, the or the for all of activities that you will take for us on how to get people to plastic out of like victoria would be huge, undertaking in lake is almost as big as your and your full the as low as i guess the what to contaminants shouldn't be gunned. fitted very fixed if the control so doesn't have his functioning with the management system. so if you have an interest cards, like discussing is such a environment protection rule, that's what pinot lice pollute as a hope for you before the good enough. and in most cases, people think that it's still good for me to, for you. and then governments and be able to do that that's, i didn't find buttons with you find that are going to be there under the, under the nice environmental act which will then cut, which will discourage people for mutare. the government supports the organization

for them to increase. the only original source of income comes from sending plastics to recycling companies where they are converted to break. what simulate products, the money, the and from that helps cover the teams course. improve. postal collaborates with 2 international 8 the been a solutions via help you'll be able to buy 2 capital bytes and billboards that's supposed to get these by jelly to run a few of the more then facilitates uh, they use the teams that we want to keep up with no major money that we gain from the stage on important to the one we do so far know it's enough. people have to convince us to help protect lake victoria. clean water is critical for the survival . those are leave on the lake. i sent in your comes from me to fishes. and those 1st time. how important is these fees? i don't 100 low phone, daisy. but the way i knew i loved this you'll and just to up so that it got

hurt. if i left, it was the life, gee, and his group wants to continue the project. they will continue to do kitchen young people in the process, which will allow the diving team to keep growing. the . every 2nd river in the world is regulated by a down. this is done to irrigate agriculture generate power. unsecure. the drinking water supplies the us, china and india based some of the world's knowledge of stems. but just how sustainable all day. deep in west and in the allies, one of the largest and most controversial dams on of sub does settle. but a mega project that was so important to the government integrated the world's tallest statute nearby to look over it for it to entity while it was shrouded in

control of the sea for decades. dams like sub that's that over the 3 gorges. and it will produce hydro power that contribute far more renewable energy to the mix that all of those sources combined. and to do these mega struck, just like getting more mega plans for the well largest hydro electric project in congo that will be twice the size of the current global biggest. it's the largest such projects that india has ever commissioned. a lot is happening with hydro power, but with the younger and 6, he has a new book holding the limelight. these old and boring structures don't get much attention behind the scenes though hydro down. so that's a really interesting story about our quest to energy. i'm global power dynamics over the last century. now with the modern twist and a big item in the, in the 10th a look at us september, october are supposed to be the lowest hydropower,

upward months in 6 years. china base. so has power dropped by 30 percent. so let's look at what's actually going down with hydro and whether it can continue to play a role in the energy future. somewhere between all the chapter about fossil fuels destroying the planet and renewables like sola and when saving us plays a big, a really big grey zone. this is altered by hydropower, which is great in every sense. it's kind of sustainable, kind of green. and even on the kind of renewables, let's quickly go over how it all works before we get into it. this is the image most linked to hydro and rightfully so, most hydropower comes from the dams that i've built across rivers. water is stored in it as a for and when we need energy related to on to turbines, which then it on generation. of course, not all damage generate hydro and not all the hydro come sometimes. sometimes still binds, also stuck into the diversion, less destruction,

but less control. the fluid kind is bumped the storage where the station is split into one physically higher water is bumped up when there's enough energy and allowed to run down through it to bind when energy is needed. this one is supposed to be works really well of a large box v that can come to the intermittency of sola. i'm going, which is really positive for hydro power. we've actually been tinkering with the technology for over 2000000 in the us. we have a lot of experience and comfort with this grandfather of renewables. it's reliable, predictable, unavailable, on demand. it integrates well into grids and over the long term electricity from hydro power is really cheap. no one does. some countries relies really heavily on it. but as one major problem, the free flowing rivers around the world, dams, due to them,

a fresh water equal systems have declined faster than all others, including forest affected by deforestation. and dom construction is the number one reason for this dies of course with the poster child of this tragedy. and many projects have come up with ways to get fish boss done some work and some done by just dixon is but it's not only about so it's also about other organisms that in the river tuesday. and it's also looked at the many ways hydropower disrupts and dial lots of systems layers within the rest of the reservoir. and so in some of the lowest later is the coldest one. and so if you and let's say at the hydropower them from time to time to bulk them up and the big gates for the water to produce a electricity. and then it usually has a very strong and cold pink of water. so that's also

a 2nd thing on the types of organism in but done, the thing is bad in other ways to steal and cement, to use too many plans, some of the most common intensive materials on of, and those mole. remember when i said hydro is any kind of green and sustainable? one big reason that's true is because greenhouse gas emissions from aggressive was in the tropics, have proved to be ridiculous. as much trees degrade much faster than normal, they release meet the and end up making. hydro projects was for the climate, then comparable coal plots. this national graphic shows the more immediate impacts . the 3 gorges dam flooded. 13 cities a 140 downs, and over 1300 villages, up river. it even changes the local weather, being so huge, it's even cause or the quakes in the region. the other, the down in talky has created

a huge block to the euphrates that has ended up causing severe water shortages down river in iraq. then in the a molly, as with 550 projects underway, dams has made the impact of land slides was over the years. hydro dams have also displeased at least 18000000 people from the homes. you might be thinking a lot of this is pulling news and you're right. it is in the case of the sort of a local people are protesting the environmental effects and social costs already back in the 1980s. eventually the world bank, one of the largest funders pulled out under pressure, and many other banks followed swords. but now many of back we're seeing development banks and government embracing large hydro. jocelyn mcdaniel is the deputy director of the international accountability project that looks into corruption and injustices links to internationally funded infrastructure. we started to get

feedback and concerns about specific projects, and many of them were hydro power. and this does not surprise me at all a, with the climate crisis, there's a push for renewable energy. that's like the big push for hydro today is coming from the time of movement seems compared to fossil fuels. hydro doesn't look so bad . go up 26 and 2021. many countries pushed for hydropower as a key. so also clean energy and that makes it only 2023. the international renewable energy agency declared that we need hydropower capacity to do that by 2050 the limits global warming to 1.5 degrees. but the thing is not much has changed in terms of social environmental impacts since hydro is days with a bad reputation. either old problem the and that exist that underscore any of these development projects. and it's, you know, it's because they're very deep seated. a symmetry is and power between communities

and project components, right? the government for development banks and companies investors and that hasn't changed. that hasn't changed at all. the estimate trees locked here when you look at where most mega projects, i've turned africa, south america, eastern europe, and south and southeast asia. and most of these are funded by us, european and chinese bax bax. i, b and other organizations have found that these projects leave a lot of schools for corruption. often ballooning countries, banks, intermediaries and even local governments take most of the profit, especially to infrastructure contracts, and by providing technical expertise. most of the button is blown by the local environment and communities who can lose a livelihood and homes and not often even left without electricity themselves. this brings us to the iron, the entertain. hydro has had its boom of these entity, this deck that's meant to mitigate the time of crisis is becoming

a big victim of the crisis itself. as rivers i the flag on dry up. the productivity of all kinds of hydropower, big and small is dramatically dropping in we build on these large hydropower. damage that a car into the tent, 52 percent of the remaining, the free flowing river, the big loss in the tropics. they wouldn't be fragmented. so we need hydro, but do we still need them. ready there is a potential for a 9 percent increase in global hydropower top city without building any new facilities. kayla get a month for the hydro research lab in texas when they looked into 3 ways in which this could be done. the 1st category was dams that i use for anything audits on hydropower, which i've already had an impact on the environment. maybe put in generators

turbine, i think it's a transmission line. but on a scale of entirely new hydropower development to retrofitting and existing not on power down for generation, there is a lot of on top potential there. the 2nd category was plants that need upgrading, including generally 2 units of software upgrades. and then a product category. we know from the ceiling and our data day that there is a bunch of them that are the smaller scale. so there may be, you know, a farmer, he's not a small damn built in his property to create a bond or small late for his farming operation. there's this many additional opportunities for high your power development at very small gales, which in developing countries maybe a much more how will global equitable and quick

integration where hydropower projects sometimes might still need to be built. but these can be used for more than just hydro, in general, and this is kind of a key. we're going to have to think in a whole system. and this is also true for thinking in terms of renewables. it's important to think about how to combine their renewables so like so that's what, what time like winds and so on. ready this is already happening in some places one portugal giant. ok, but as before, closing solar panels, feed soul plus energy directly into the dams hydropower. so similar projects like these have a lot of potential to use existing hydro as diet batteries to store renewable energy. energy from hydro needs to be a part of the future, but not of the cost of so much else. when this is considered,

we can move towards a truly green future the the,

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and i need to talk to bags just to subscribe already. listen to podcasts, and we'll take you along to the right. actually we don't have a choice, we have little time list to save the planet. so we have to do what we can as fast as possible. we only have $110.00 ration left, just 25 years to implement the greatest revolution. since the tune of the industrial age replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy around the world without exception is a global energy transformation really cost of the forward as well. or is it for our 2 pod document trees, the renewables revenue jobs november 25th dw the

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